针对常规智慧建筑群协同运行过程中存在的数据泄露问题,提出一种基于含均衡约束的均衡问题(equilibrium problem with equilibrium constraints,EPEC)的交互框架,在只共享边界信息的场景下实现智慧建筑群功率协同。搭建了只共享边界信...针对常规智慧建筑群协同运行过程中存在的数据泄露问题,提出一种基于含均衡约束的均衡问题(equilibrium problem with equilibrium constraints,EPEC)的交互框架,在只共享边界信息的场景下实现智慧建筑群功率协同。搭建了只共享边界信息的建筑群双层优化模型,并通过KKT(Karush-Kuhn-Tucker)条件将其转化为带均衡约束的数学规划问题(mathematical program with equilibrium constraints,MPEC)模型,同时采用大M法和强对偶定理对其进行线性化处理,降低求解复杂度。由于建筑群中各个建筑的优化问题相互独立,进一步将多个建筑的MPEC模型联立,形成EPEC模型,并采用对角化算法和双层迭代法实现整体模型的求解。算例结果验证了模型及求解框架的合理性和有效性,在保护建筑用能隐私的前提下实现了建筑群功率协同优化运行。展开更多
Using the observed daily temperatures from 756 stations in China during the period from 1951 to 2009 extensive and persistent extreme cold events (EPECEs) were defined according to the following three steps:1) a stati...Using the observed daily temperatures from 756 stations in China during the period from 1951 to 2009 extensive and persistent extreme cold events (EPECEs) were defined according to the following three steps:1) a station was defined as an extreme cold station (ECS) if the observed temperature was lower than its 10th percentile threshold;2) an extensive extreme cold event was determined to be present if the approximated area occupied by the ECSs was more than 10% of the total area of China (83rd percentile) on its starting day and the maximum area occupied by the ECSs was at least 20% of the total area of China (96th percentile);and 3) an EPECE was determined to be present if the extensive extreme cold event lasted for at least for eight days.52 EPECEs were identified in this manner,and these identification results were also verified using other reliable data.On the basis of cluster analysis,five types of EPECEs were classified according to the spatial distribution of ECSs at their most extensive time over the course of the EPECE.展开更多
文摘针对常规智慧建筑群协同运行过程中存在的数据泄露问题,提出一种基于含均衡约束的均衡问题(equilibrium problem with equilibrium constraints,EPEC)的交互框架,在只共享边界信息的场景下实现智慧建筑群功率协同。搭建了只共享边界信息的建筑群双层优化模型,并通过KKT(Karush-Kuhn-Tucker)条件将其转化为带均衡约束的数学规划问题(mathematical program with equilibrium constraints,MPEC)模型,同时采用大M法和强对偶定理对其进行线性化处理,降低求解复杂度。由于建筑群中各个建筑的优化问题相互独立,进一步将多个建筑的MPEC模型联立,形成EPEC模型,并采用对角化算法和双层迭代法实现整体模型的求解。算例结果验证了模型及求解框架的合理性和有效性,在保护建筑用能隐私的前提下实现了建筑群功率协同优化运行。
基金supportedby the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2009BAC51B02)the Special Funds for Meteorology Scientific Research on Public Cause (Grant No. GYHY201106015)
文摘Using the observed daily temperatures from 756 stations in China during the period from 1951 to 2009 extensive and persistent extreme cold events (EPECEs) were defined according to the following three steps:1) a station was defined as an extreme cold station (ECS) if the observed temperature was lower than its 10th percentile threshold;2) an extensive extreme cold event was determined to be present if the approximated area occupied by the ECSs was more than 10% of the total area of China (83rd percentile) on its starting day and the maximum area occupied by the ECSs was at least 20% of the total area of China (96th percentile);and 3) an EPECE was determined to be present if the extensive extreme cold event lasted for at least for eight days.52 EPECEs were identified in this manner,and these identification results were also verified using other reliable data.On the basis of cluster analysis,five types of EPECEs were classified according to the spatial distribution of ECSs at their most extensive time over the course of the EPECE.
文摘【目的】本研究探讨了云南撒坝猪EPEC HPI毒力岛的摄铁功能与致病性之间的关系。【方法】本试验通过摄铁实验对5株肠致病性E.coli(A-E)和CVCC1565铁载体的合成和在不同2,2’-联吡啶含量下的最低生长抑制浓度及对数期生长速率进行了测定,同时利用已构建的E.coli irp2基因缺失株和亲本株进行对比,检测HMWP2蛋白的表达,并通过半数致死量实验比较两者之间的毒力。【结果】除E.coli(D)外,其余菌株的2,2’-联吡啶最低生长抑制浓度为0.6 m M;亲本株能够表达HMWP2蛋白,irp2缺失株不表达该蛋白;CAS固体培养基中菌株能产生橘黄色的透明晕圈;当2,2’-联吡啶浓度高于0.2 m M时,亲本株的生长率高于irp2缺失株;亲本株的LD50(8.73×10~7cfu/m L)低于缺失株(9.95×10~7cfu/m L)。【结论】云南撒坝猪EPEC HPI铁摄取功能和致病性之间存在着一定关系。
