A subtle fragrance drifted through the halls of the Great Hall of the People in Beijing during this year’s Two Sessions in March.It was not perfume,but the aroma of freshly milled rice brought from northeast China by...A subtle fragrance drifted through the halls of the Great Hall of the People in Beijing during this year’s Two Sessions in March.It was not perfume,but the aroma of freshly milled rice brought from northeast China by Chen Yujia.展开更多
Objectives:With the rapid aging of populations worldwide,the long-term care(LTC)industry has become a critical arena for both social welfare and entrepreneurial development,particularly among women who play a leading ...Objectives:With the rapid aging of populations worldwide,the long-term care(LTC)industry has become a critical arena for both social welfare and entrepreneurial development,particularly among women who play a leading role in caregiving enterprises.However,female LTC entrepreneurs often face emotional strain and limited social resources that affect their professional well-being.This study investigates the effects of psychological resilience and social capital on the well-being of female entrepreneurs in the long-term care(LTC)industry and examines the mediating role of entrepreneurial competence.Methods:A mixed-methods design was employed.Quantitative data were collected from 73 female LTC entrepreneurs in Taiwan through structured questionnaires,and correlation,regression,and mediation analyses were conducted.Complementary qualitative interviews with eight entrepreneurs provided deeper insights into how resilience and social resources are mobilized in entrepreneurial practice.Results:Psychological resilience and social capital were positively associated with well-being(β=0.41,p<0.001;β=0.36,p=0.002),jointly explaining 47%of its variance.Entrepreneurial competence partially mediated the resilience–well-being relationship(indirect effect=0.18,95%CI[0.07,0.32]).These effects were statistically and practically meaningful.Conclusion:Psychological resilience and social capital jointly enhance the well-being of female LTC entrepreneurs,with entrepreneurial competence serving as a partial mediator.The results suggest that fostering both inner strength and social connectedness can promote sustainable well-being and professional growth in the long-term care sector.展开更多
Institutional logic theory,a pivotal framework within organizational studies,delineates the multifaceted and intricate logics that underpin organizational fields.This theoretical perspective elucidates the manner in w...Institutional logic theory,a pivotal framework within organizational studies,delineates the multifaceted and intricate logics that underpin organizational fields.This theoretical perspective elucidates the manner in which diverse individuals or groups within an organization internalize and manifest distinct institutional logics,alongside the ensuing political and cultural conflicts.Furthermore,the theory endeavors to elucidate the complexities inherent in institutional logic across organizational fields,examining the reflection of these logics among various individuals or groups and their associated political and cultural dichotomies.Central to this discourse is the acknowledgment of the core systems that constitute the fabric of a country,encompassing the state,market,familial structures,corporate entities,professional bodies,and religious institutions.These components not only coexist with inherent conflicts but also exhibit a high degree of interdependence,underlined by their shared institutional logics.This literature attempts to review and analysis institutional logic in the field of entrepreneurship and integrates institutional logic into entrepreneurs’personal background,experience,and other social characteristics,and study how institutional logic operates.It is recommended that future researchers take entrepreneurs as the research object and conduct more in-depth research on the evolution of organizational response strategies when political and cultural conflicts occur between different groups within the enterprise,combined with institutional logic theory.展开更多
Following the global economy’s shift toward a digital-based system,the significance of digital transformation(DT)at the firm level has become increasingly important.Accordingly,this study aims to enhance understandin...Following the global economy’s shift toward a digital-based system,the significance of digital transformation(DT)at the firm level has become increasingly important.Accordingly,this study aims to enhance understanding of a firm’s DT by examining the varying impacts ofirm life cycle(FLC)stages on DT adoption.We consider the impact of the mass entrepreneur and innovation campaign(MEIC)on this relationship.Based on the data of China A-share non-financial companies listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2010 to 2020.The baseline findings reveal that firms in the growth stage are likelier to adopt DT than firms in the introduction and decline stages;however,DT adoption in the maturity stage is uncertain.MEIC encourages DT adoption during the introduction,maturity,and decline stages.Furthermore,the univariate test demonstrates a relative enhancement in DT after implementing MEIC,underscoring its role in effectively allocating resources within the firms to embrace DT.This study’s results are robust across various estimation techniques and instrumental variables.The empirical results offer insights into policy implications,highlighting the factors shaping firms’DT adoption decisions at different FLC stages and endorsing resource-based and agency theories.展开更多
This paper explores entrepreneurial leadership, market orientation, and firm performance. It sorts to ascertain through the literature whether entrepreneurial leadership has an influence on market orientation decision...This paper explores entrepreneurial leadership, market orientation, and firm performance. It sorts to ascertain through the literature whether entrepreneurial leadership has an influence on market orientation decision and firm performance. The review points to the fact that entrepreneurial leadership creates visionary scenarios which they used to assemble and mobilize a “supporting cast” of participants who become committed to the vision and the discovery of strategic value creation by influencing market orientation decision and thus enhancing firm performance. The study thus developed a process model as a result of the literature reviewed. The study concludes that, entrepreneurial leadership influences the market orientation decision of a firm with the help of the “supporting cast” and this helps the firm to increase its performance.展开更多
In the context of economic downward and industrial structural adjustment,cultural level of entrepreneurs exerts direct influence on entrepreneurial results,while reading behavior of entrepreneurs is closed connected w...In the context of economic downward and industrial structural adjustment,cultural level of entrepreneurs exerts direct influence on entrepreneurial results,while reading behavior of entrepreneurs is closed connected with cultural level of entrepreneurs. Therefore,it is of utmost importance to analyze the relation between reading behavior and entrepreneurial performance. Based on the survey data of 200 enterprises in one- hour economic circle of Chongqing,this paper analyzed three dimensions of reading behavior of entrepreneurs: reading subjects,reading media,and reading environment. It analyzed the relation between these three indicators and entrepreneurial performance. It further divided entrepreneurial performance into survival performance and financial performance. Finally,it came up with following conclusions:( i) good reading exerts significantly positive effect on survival performance of entrepreneurial enterprises;( ii) suitable reading environment plays a positive role in financial performance of entrepreneurial enterprises.展开更多
In the present article it will be critically questioned the traditional entrepreneurship education approaches based on a narrow conception of competency, and their values. Assuming the perspective that to be an entrep...In the present article it will be critically questioned the traditional entrepreneurship education approaches based on a narrow conception of competency, and their values. Assuming the perspective that to be an entrepreneur is basically an attitude towards life and the world, there proposed holistic, constructivist and experiential processes and strategies for entrepreneurship education. The ＂entrepreneur XXI＂, must be able to undertake a social function of change, so, an economical and social development more human, ethical and intelligent. Under this assumption, the ＂Tree Model for the Development of Entrepreneurial Competencies＂, that will be discussed globally in the second part of this article, suggests a dynamic and experiential approach ofentrepreneurship education based on the qualification of people＇s behaviour, self-esteem, competencies and experiences; a profile of key behavioural and performance competencies （root）, experimental pedagogical procedures （trunk） and real results within group projects （fruits）. This model has been developed during the last decade （2001-2011）, using a multidisciplinary research-action procedure, within business, education （at different teaching levels） and social project environments.展开更多
Entrepreneurial skills determine the success or failure of a business operator. Researchers in the field of franchising, however, believe that to succeed as a franchisee, a business operator does not have to have high...Entrepreneurial skills determine the success or failure of a business operator. Researchers in the field of franchising, however, believe that to succeed as a franchisee, a business operator does not have to have high entrepreneurial skill levels. This study, titled ＂Whether Franchisees Can Claim to be Entrepreneurially Skilled--Three-Pronged Perceptions＂, surveyed 32 franchisees, 45 experts, and 64 independent entrepreneurs. It hypothesized that： （1） Independent entrepreneurs have higher skill levels than franchisees; （2） independent entrepreneurs＇ performance is better than franchisees＇ due to the differences in skill levels. Each of the franchisees and independent entrepreneurs was asked to rate themselves on a Likert scale against a list of traits or characteristics believed to determine levels of entrepreneurship. The experts were requested to rank within the scale whether independent entrepreneurs excel in entrepreneurial skills at the expense of franchisees. Franchisees ranked themselves at 3.5, on average, while independent entrepreneurs ranked themselves at 4.2 in the scale 1-5, with 5 indicating highest skill. On this basis, Hypothesis 1 is proved correct, i.e. independent entrepreneurs have higher entrepreneurial skill levels and at least they perceive themselves so. Experts, with an average rating of 3.4 within the scale, also seem to agree that independent entrepreneurs excel in entrepreneurial skills at the expense of franchisees. Using sales revenue and sales per employee as measure of performance, the study established average sales for franchised units at P275,038, while those for independent entrepreneurs were P86,437. Sales per employee ranged between P6 118 and P23,170 for franchised units, and between P8,207 and P 14,281 for independent entrepreneurs. This leads to the rejection of hypothesis 2 （Note： P denotes Botswana Pula. P9,0253 = US$1 as at 09/09/14）. Multivariate tests demonstrated, through Wilk＇s Lambda Test Statistic, that the profiles deviated significantly from parallelism. The study therefore concluded that while independent entrepreneurs are more skilled than franchisees, their performance is inferior to that of franchisees. This conclusion might persuade many countries to promote franchising as a strategy.展开更多
In the context of alienation of cooperative development in China,the concept of cooperative entrepreneurs' ability was expounded based on the theory of entrepreneurial competence,and then factors restricting the d...In the context of alienation of cooperative development in China,the concept of cooperative entrepreneurs' ability was expounded based on the theory of entrepreneurial competence,and then factors restricting the development of cooperative entrepreneurs' ability in China were analyzed. Finally,some countermeasures were put forward.展开更多
Creativity is an element of the personality of entrepreneurs which can be important for the foundation, advance, and business performance of small and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs）. Intrapreneurship can be develop...Creativity is an element of the personality of entrepreneurs which can be important for the foundation, advance, and business performance of small and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs）. Intrapreneurship can be developed in small and medium-sized enterprises where entrepreneurs have a sufficient level of creativity and it can influence the growth of enterprises. Hypotheses are specified and empirically tested based on responses to a structured questionnaire on a sample of small and medium-sized enterprises from China. The research results indicate positive relationships between the creativity of the entrepreneur and intrapreneurship and growth of the enterprise.展开更多
This aim of this study is to provide both theoretical and empirical insights on entrepreneurs’ motives and commitments in the hospitality and tourism industry in Nigeria, using simple descriptive statistics and compl...This aim of this study is to provide both theoretical and empirical insights on entrepreneurs’ motives and commitments in the hospitality and tourism industry in Nigeria, using simple descriptive statistics and complemented with interviews. The study adopted an exploratory research methodology to explore the phenomena of motives and commitment, using descriptive statistics, particularly mea, and standard deviation to present the extent of occurrences in the study subject. The study is based on a sample of 120 entrepreneurs who are owners of small restaurants in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. The results show that entrepreneurs in the hospitality industry are mostly motivated by family related factors such as family tradition, family situation, family line of business, and family prestige. Societal factors are more prominent in the list than both personal and income, financial considerations. The least considered factor that motivates a business start-up is finance or income. The results also suggest that although, entrepreneurs are highly committed to starting and growing their own businesses and are willing to do anything that will help achieve this objective including significant personal sacrifices, they are however, not willing to compromise their family lives.展开更多
文摘A subtle fragrance drifted through the halls of the Great Hall of the People in Beijing during this year’s Two Sessions in March.It was not perfume,but the aroma of freshly milled rice brought from northeast China by Chen Yujia.
文摘Objectives:With the rapid aging of populations worldwide,the long-term care(LTC)industry has become a critical arena for both social welfare and entrepreneurial development,particularly among women who play a leading role in caregiving enterprises.However,female LTC entrepreneurs often face emotional strain and limited social resources that affect their professional well-being.This study investigates the effects of psychological resilience and social capital on the well-being of female entrepreneurs in the long-term care(LTC)industry and examines the mediating role of entrepreneurial competence.Methods:A mixed-methods design was employed.Quantitative data were collected from 73 female LTC entrepreneurs in Taiwan through structured questionnaires,and correlation,regression,and mediation analyses were conducted.Complementary qualitative interviews with eight entrepreneurs provided deeper insights into how resilience and social resources are mobilized in entrepreneurial practice.Results:Psychological resilience and social capital were positively associated with well-being(β=0.41,p<0.001;β=0.36,p=0.002),jointly explaining 47%of its variance.Entrepreneurial competence partially mediated the resilience–well-being relationship(indirect effect=0.18,95%CI[0.07,0.32]).These effects were statistically and practically meaningful.Conclusion:Psychological resilience and social capital jointly enhance the well-being of female LTC entrepreneurs,with entrepreneurial competence serving as a partial mediator.The results suggest that fostering both inner strength and social connectedness can promote sustainable well-being and professional growth in the long-term care sector.
文摘Institutional logic theory,a pivotal framework within organizational studies,delineates the multifaceted and intricate logics that underpin organizational fields.This theoretical perspective elucidates the manner in which diverse individuals or groups within an organization internalize and manifest distinct institutional logics,alongside the ensuing political and cultural conflicts.Furthermore,the theory endeavors to elucidate the complexities inherent in institutional logic across organizational fields,examining the reflection of these logics among various individuals or groups and their associated political and cultural dichotomies.Central to this discourse is the acknowledgment of the core systems that constitute the fabric of a country,encompassing the state,market,familial structures,corporate entities,professional bodies,and religious institutions.These components not only coexist with inherent conflicts but also exhibit a high degree of interdependence,underlined by their shared institutional logics.This literature attempts to review and analysis institutional logic in the field of entrepreneurship and integrates institutional logic into entrepreneurs’personal background,experience,and other social characteristics,and study how institutional logic operates.It is recommended that future researchers take entrepreneurs as the research object and conduct more in-depth research on the evolution of organizational response strategies when political and cultural conflicts occur between different groups within the enterprise,combined with institutional logic theory.
文摘Following the global economy’s shift toward a digital-based system,the significance of digital transformation(DT)at the firm level has become increasingly important.Accordingly,this study aims to enhance understanding of a firm’s DT by examining the varying impacts ofirm life cycle(FLC)stages on DT adoption.We consider the impact of the mass entrepreneur and innovation campaign(MEIC)on this relationship.Based on the data of China A-share non-financial companies listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2010 to 2020.The baseline findings reveal that firms in the growth stage are likelier to adopt DT than firms in the introduction and decline stages;however,DT adoption in the maturity stage is uncertain.MEIC encourages DT adoption during the introduction,maturity,and decline stages.Furthermore,the univariate test demonstrates a relative enhancement in DT after implementing MEIC,underscoring its role in effectively allocating resources within the firms to embrace DT.This study’s results are robust across various estimation techniques and instrumental variables.The empirical results offer insights into policy implications,highlighting the factors shaping firms’DT adoption decisions at different FLC stages and endorsing resource-based and agency theories.
文摘This paper explores entrepreneurial leadership, market orientation, and firm performance. It sorts to ascertain through the literature whether entrepreneurial leadership has an influence on market orientation decision and firm performance. The review points to the fact that entrepreneurial leadership creates visionary scenarios which they used to assemble and mobilize a “supporting cast” of participants who become committed to the vision and the discovery of strategic value creation by influencing market orientation decision and thus enhancing firm performance. The study thus developed a process model as a result of the literature reviewed. The study concludes that, entrepreneurial leadership influences the market orientation decision of a firm with the help of the “supporting cast” and this helps the firm to increase its performance.
文摘In the context of economic downward and industrial structural adjustment,cultural level of entrepreneurs exerts direct influence on entrepreneurial results,while reading behavior of entrepreneurs is closed connected with cultural level of entrepreneurs. Therefore,it is of utmost importance to analyze the relation between reading behavior and entrepreneurial performance. Based on the survey data of 200 enterprises in one- hour economic circle of Chongqing,this paper analyzed three dimensions of reading behavior of entrepreneurs: reading subjects,reading media,and reading environment. It analyzed the relation between these three indicators and entrepreneurial performance. It further divided entrepreneurial performance into survival performance and financial performance. Finally,it came up with following conclusions:( i) good reading exerts significantly positive effect on survival performance of entrepreneurial enterprises;( ii) suitable reading environment plays a positive role in financial performance of entrepreneurial enterprises.
文摘In the present article it will be critically questioned the traditional entrepreneurship education approaches based on a narrow conception of competency, and their values. Assuming the perspective that to be an entrepreneur is basically an attitude towards life and the world, there proposed holistic, constructivist and experiential processes and strategies for entrepreneurship education. The ＂entrepreneur XXI＂, must be able to undertake a social function of change, so, an economical and social development more human, ethical and intelligent. Under this assumption, the ＂Tree Model for the Development of Entrepreneurial Competencies＂, that will be discussed globally in the second part of this article, suggests a dynamic and experiential approach ofentrepreneurship education based on the qualification of people＇s behaviour, self-esteem, competencies and experiences; a profile of key behavioural and performance competencies （root）, experimental pedagogical procedures （trunk） and real results within group projects （fruits）. This model has been developed during the last decade （2001-2011）, using a multidisciplinary research-action procedure, within business, education （at different teaching levels） and social project environments.
文摘Entrepreneurial skills determine the success or failure of a business operator. Researchers in the field of franchising, however, believe that to succeed as a franchisee, a business operator does not have to have high entrepreneurial skill levels. This study, titled ＂Whether Franchisees Can Claim to be Entrepreneurially Skilled--Three-Pronged Perceptions＂, surveyed 32 franchisees, 45 experts, and 64 independent entrepreneurs. It hypothesized that： （1） Independent entrepreneurs have higher skill levels than franchisees; （2） independent entrepreneurs＇ performance is better than franchisees＇ due to the differences in skill levels. Each of the franchisees and independent entrepreneurs was asked to rate themselves on a Likert scale against a list of traits or characteristics believed to determine levels of entrepreneurship. The experts were requested to rank within the scale whether independent entrepreneurs excel in entrepreneurial skills at the expense of franchisees. Franchisees ranked themselves at 3.5, on average, while independent entrepreneurs ranked themselves at 4.2 in the scale 1-5, with 5 indicating highest skill. On this basis, Hypothesis 1 is proved correct, i.e. independent entrepreneurs have higher entrepreneurial skill levels and at least they perceive themselves so. Experts, with an average rating of 3.4 within the scale, also seem to agree that independent entrepreneurs excel in entrepreneurial skills at the expense of franchisees. Using sales revenue and sales per employee as measure of performance, the study established average sales for franchised units at P275,038, while those for independent entrepreneurs were P86,437. Sales per employee ranged between P6 118 and P23,170 for franchised units, and between P8,207 and P 14,281 for independent entrepreneurs. This leads to the rejection of hypothesis 2 （Note： P denotes Botswana Pula. P9,0253 = US$1 as at 09/09/14）. Multivariate tests demonstrated, through Wilk＇s Lambda Test Statistic, that the profiles deviated significantly from parallelism. The study therefore concluded that while independent entrepreneurs are more skilled than franchisees, their performance is inferior to that of franchisees. This conclusion might persuade many countries to promote franchising as a strategy.
文摘In the context of alienation of cooperative development in China,the concept of cooperative entrepreneurs' ability was expounded based on the theory of entrepreneurial competence,and then factors restricting the development of cooperative entrepreneurs' ability in China were analyzed. Finally,some countermeasures were put forward.
文摘Creativity is an element of the personality of entrepreneurs which can be important for the foundation, advance, and business performance of small and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs）. Intrapreneurship can be developed in small and medium-sized enterprises where entrepreneurs have a sufficient level of creativity and it can influence the growth of enterprises. Hypotheses are specified and empirically tested based on responses to a structured questionnaire on a sample of small and medium-sized enterprises from China. The research results indicate positive relationships between the creativity of the entrepreneur and intrapreneurship and growth of the enterprise.
文摘This aim of this study is to provide both theoretical and empirical insights on entrepreneurs’ motives and commitments in the hospitality and tourism industry in Nigeria, using simple descriptive statistics and complemented with interviews. The study adopted an exploratory research methodology to explore the phenomena of motives and commitment, using descriptive statistics, particularly mea, and standard deviation to present the extent of occurrences in the study subject. The study is based on a sample of 120 entrepreneurs who are owners of small restaurants in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. The results show that entrepreneurs in the hospitality industry are mostly motivated by family related factors such as family tradition, family situation, family line of business, and family prestige. Societal factors are more prominent in the list than both personal and income, financial considerations. The least considered factor that motivates a business start-up is finance or income. The results also suggest that although, entrepreneurs are highly committed to starting and growing their own businesses and are willing to do anything that will help achieve this objective including significant personal sacrifices, they are however, not willing to compromise their family lives.
