Objective:To determine the clinical features predicting erythema nodosum leprosum(ENL) in a non endemic leprosy area.Methods:Twenty newly diagnosed patients with MBL attending the skin clinic,Sarawak General Hospital ...Objective:To determine the clinical features predicting erythema nodosum leprosum(ENL) in a non endemic leprosy area.Methods:Twenty newly diagnosed patients with MBL attending the skin clinic,Sarawak General Hospital from 1992 to 2007 were analyzed.They were divided into 2 groups,one with ENL and one without. Analysis of the presenting clinical features was done to determine the risk factors for ENL.Chi square and student t test was used for statistical analysis.Level of significance was set at 0.05.Results:ENL was present in 40%patients,all with lepromatous leprosy(LL).Clinical features that were seen more frequently in patients developing ENL include earlobe thickening(100%cf.25%,P =0.00),loss of the lateral third of the eyebrows(75%cf.16.7%,P=0.02) and mean bacteriology index(BI)(5.1 cf.2.9,P=0.03) and mean morphological index(MI)(17.8 cf.7.0,P =0.02).Number of thickened nerves(mean 2.5 cf. 1.4,P = 0.12),number of skin lesions(mean 19.4 cf.10.9,P = 0.15) and duration of illness(mean 15. 3 cf.12.8 months,P =0.68) did not predict ENL development.Conclusion:Finding LL patients with thickened earlobes,loss of lateral third of the eyebrow,high BI and MI should alert treating clinician to the possibility of ENL in a non endemic leprosy area.展开更多
This paper concerns study of learning strategies from language learners. In the light of the types and models of strategies found in the study of ESL （English as a Second Language） learners＇ strategies abroad, the ...This paper concerns study of learning strategies from language learners. In the light of the types and models of strategies found in the study of ESL （English as a Second Language） learners＇ strategies abroad, the authors have summed up and induced 3 group learners＇ writing strategies stated in their reports, with which they have designed the surveying tool by using factor analysis. And then, the authors use descriptive and 1-way ANOVA （Analysis of Variance） analysis of SPSS16.0 （Statistical Program for Social Science） to examine the differences of strategies used by EFL （English as a Foreign Language） learners in China, overseas Chinese ESL learners in Northern Americas and Northern American ENL （English as a Native Language） learners. It is concluded by he results of the study that ENL and ESL learners are good at using various writing strategies. And there are significant differences in using writing strategies between ENL/ESL learners and EFL learners. The authors also conclude that the differences between ESL group and ENL group are not significant, much less than the ones between ESL group and EFL group. The authors make comparative analysis on the causes to the findings on the aspects of class teaching approaches and language learning surroundings, which bring out implications for teaching of English writing in China.展开更多
针对目前基于各向异性扩散技术的 SAR 图像斑点滤波方法的扩散系数与迭代过程控制不够精确的缺点,提出了一种改进的自适应各向异性扩散滤波方法,该方法结合有效视数(ENL)和梯度两种参数,使扩散系数能够自适应不同地物与细微结构,并通过...针对目前基于各向异性扩散技术的 SAR 图像斑点滤波方法的扩散系数与迭代过程控制不够精确的缺点,提出了一种改进的自适应各向异性扩散滤波方法,该方法结合有效视数(ENL)和梯度两种参数,使扩散系数能够自适应不同地物与细微结构,并通过准确地获取迭代过程中平坦区域有效视数以及扩展扩散的临近点个数,更精确地控制迭代过程。实验表明,这种改进的方法在去除斑点噪声、保持点目标和细节边缘信息等方面均优于传统的增强 Lee 滤波法、PM 滤波法和 SRAD 各向异性扩散法。展开更多
文摘Objective:To determine the clinical features predicting erythema nodosum leprosum(ENL) in a non endemic leprosy area.Methods:Twenty newly diagnosed patients with MBL attending the skin clinic,Sarawak General Hospital from 1992 to 2007 were analyzed.They were divided into 2 groups,one with ENL and one without. Analysis of the presenting clinical features was done to determine the risk factors for ENL.Chi square and student t test was used for statistical analysis.Level of significance was set at 0.05.Results:ENL was present in 40%patients,all with lepromatous leprosy(LL).Clinical features that were seen more frequently in patients developing ENL include earlobe thickening(100%cf.25%,P =0.00),loss of the lateral third of the eyebrows(75%cf.16.7%,P=0.02) and mean bacteriology index(BI)(5.1 cf.2.9,P=0.03) and mean morphological index(MI)(17.8 cf.7.0,P =0.02).Number of thickened nerves(mean 2.5 cf. 1.4,P = 0.12),number of skin lesions(mean 19.4 cf.10.9,P = 0.15) and duration of illness(mean 15. 3 cf.12.8 months,P =0.68) did not predict ENL development.Conclusion:Finding LL patients with thickened earlobes,loss of lateral third of the eyebrow,high BI and MI should alert treating clinician to the possibility of ENL in a non endemic leprosy area.
文摘This paper concerns study of learning strategies from language learners. In the light of the types and models of strategies found in the study of ESL （English as a Second Language） learners＇ strategies abroad, the authors have summed up and induced 3 group learners＇ writing strategies stated in their reports, with which they have designed the surveying tool by using factor analysis. And then, the authors use descriptive and 1-way ANOVA （Analysis of Variance） analysis of SPSS16.0 （Statistical Program for Social Science） to examine the differences of strategies used by EFL （English as a Foreign Language） learners in China, overseas Chinese ESL learners in Northern Americas and Northern American ENL （English as a Native Language） learners. It is concluded by he results of the study that ENL and ESL learners are good at using various writing strategies. And there are significant differences in using writing strategies between ENL/ESL learners and EFL learners. The authors also conclude that the differences between ESL group and ENL group are not significant, much less than the ones between ESL group and EFL group. The authors make comparative analysis on the causes to the findings on the aspects of class teaching approaches and language learning surroundings, which bring out implications for teaching of English writing in China.
文摘针对目前基于各向异性扩散技术的 SAR 图像斑点滤波方法的扩散系数与迭代过程控制不够精确的缺点,提出了一种改进的自适应各向异性扩散滤波方法,该方法结合有效视数(ENL)和梯度两种参数,使扩散系数能够自适应不同地物与细微结构,并通过准确地获取迭代过程中平坦区域有效视数以及扩展扩散的临近点个数,更精确地控制迭代过程。实验表明,这种改进的方法在去除斑点噪声、保持点目标和细节边缘信息等方面均优于传统的增强 Lee 滤波法、PM 滤波法和 SRAD 各向异性扩散法。
