The grating ends bonding fiber Bragg grating(FBG)sensor has been widely used in sensor packages such as substrate type and clamp type for health monitoring of large structures.However,owing to the shear deformation of...The grating ends bonding fiber Bragg grating(FBG)sensor has been widely used in sensor packages such as substrate type and clamp type for health monitoring of large structures.However,owing to the shear deformation of the adhesive layer of FBG,the strain measured by FBG is often different from the strain of actual matrix,which causes strain measurement errors.This investigation aims at improving the measurement accuracy of strain for the grating ends surface-bonded FBG.To fulfill this objective,a strain transfer equation of the grating ends bonding FBG is derived,and a theoretical model of the average strain transfer from the matrix to the optical fiber is developed.Moreover,parameters that influence the average strain transfer rate from the matrix to the optical fiber are analyzed.A selection scheme of bonding parameters by numerical simulation is provided,which is significantly advantageous over that of the grating bonding FBG.The theoretical equation is verified by finite element method(FEM).Compared with the existing model,the proposed model has higher measurement accuracy.Experimental tests are performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model on the equalintensity cantilever beam,whose surface is attached to the bare FBG with grating ends bonding and strain gauge by using epoxy glue.The results show that there is a great agreement between the outcome of the bare FBG and that of the strain gauge,and the corrected strain is closer to the true strain.The proposed model provides a theoretical basis for the design of the grating ends surface-bonded FBG strain sensor for health monitoring of large structures.展开更多
Gateways at faces of great mining heights are mostly driven along the roof of coal seams.For gateway height restrictions,a 1-3 m floor coal is retained,leaving a triangular floor coal at the face ends,causing a loss o...Gateways at faces of great mining heights are mostly driven along the roof of coal seams.For gateway height restrictions,a 1-3 m floor coal is retained,leaving a triangular floor coal at the face ends,causing a loss of coal.In order to improve coal recovery rates and to ensure efficiency of equipment at coal mining faces,we investigated suitable retention methods and recovery technology of floor coal at face ends.The upper floor coal can directly be recovered by a shearer with floor dinting.The lower floor coal is recovered by shearer with floor dinting after advanced floor dinting and retaining a step for protecting coal sides in a haulage gateway.Field practice shows that this method can improve the coal recovery rates at fully mechanized working faces with great mining heights.展开更多
Objectives: To obtain very end full-length cDNA ofhepatitis C virus (HCV) 5’ untranslated region(5’UTR) and analyze its primary and secondarystructure.Methods: A patient infected genotype 2a HCV wasidentified by rev...Objectives: To obtain very end full-length cDNA ofhepatitis C virus (HCV) 5’ untranslated region(5’UTR) and analyze its primary and secondarystructure.Methods: A patient infected genotype 2a HCV wasidentified by reverse transcription-nested polymerasechain reaction (RT-PCR) and restriction fragmentlength polymorphism (RFLP). Total RNA isolatedfrom the serum was used as template, and the cDNAof the 5’ untranslated region was amplified using rap-id amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The frag-ments were recombinated by A-T clone strategy, andthe recombinants were confirmed by RFLP andPCR, and sequenced subsequently. Secondary struc-tures were analysed by RNAdraw.Results: Very end full-length cDNA of genotype 2aHCV 5’ UTR was obtained by RACE. In five clonesobtained, three contained full-length 5’UTR cDNA;A21G, G170A, T222C, T247C, C339T substitutionswere found as compared to HC-J6. Homological re-sults of HCV-1, HC-J6, HC-C2, HC-J8 were 93.6%-94.4%, 92.1%-93%, 98.8%-99.7%, 96.2%-96.5%, respectively; however, the substitutions didnot alter secondary structure. Two of 5 clones weredeletions of 53bp and 135bp at the 5’terminal ofHCV 5’UTR, respectively.Conclusions: RACE can be used to obtain the full-length cDNA of 2a genotype HCV 5’UTR. Genes de-leted at the 5’ terminal of HCV circulate in hepatitisC patients.展开更多
In this work we report that after single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs) are sheared with a pair of titanium scissors,the magnetization becomes larger than that of the corresponding pristine ones. The magnetization inc...In this work we report that after single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs) are sheared with a pair of titanium scissors,the magnetization becomes larger than that of the corresponding pristine ones. The magnetization increases proportionally with the number of SWNTs with sheared ends, suggesting that there exist magnetic moments at the sheared ends of SWNTs.By using the coefficient of this linear relation, the average magnetic moment is estimated to be 41.5 ± 9.8 μB(Bohr magneton) per carbon atom in the edge state at temperature of 300.0 K, suggesting that ultrahigh magnetic fields can be produced. The dangling sigma and pi bonds of the carbon atoms at sheared ends play important roles in determining the unexpectedly high magnetic moments, which may have great potential applications.展开更多
The attractions of cantilevers made of multiwalled carbon nanotubes（MWNTs） and secured on one end are studied in the non-uniform magnetic field of a permanent magnet. Under an optical microscope, the positions and t...The attractions of cantilevers made of multiwalled carbon nanotubes（MWNTs） and secured on one end are studied in the non-uniform magnetic field of a permanent magnet. Under an optical microscope, the positions and the corresponding deflections of the original cantilevers（with iron catalytic nanoparticles at the free end） and corresponding cut-off cantilevers（the free ends consisting of open ends of MWNTs） are studied. Both kinds of CNT cantilevers are found to be attracted by the magnet, and the point of application of force is proven to be at the tip of the cantilever. By measuring and comparing deflections between these two kinds of cantilevers, the magnetic moment at the open ends of the CNTs can be quantified.Due to the unexpectedly high value of the magnetic moment at the open ends of carbon nanotubes, it is called giant magnetic moment, and its possible mechanisms are proposed and discussed.展开更多
AIM:To investigate national trends in distal pancreatectomy(DP) through query of three national patient care databases.METHODS:From the Nationwide Inpatient Sample(NIS,2003-2009),the National Surgical Quality Improvem...AIM:To investigate national trends in distal pancreatectomy(DP) through query of three national patient care databases.METHODS:From the Nationwide Inpatient Sample(NIS,2003-2009),the National Surgical Quality Improvement Project(NSQIP,2005-2010),and the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results(SEER,2003-2009) databases using appropriate diagnostic and procedural codes we identified all patients with a diagnosis of a benign or malignant lesion of the body and/or tail of the pancreas that had undergone a partial or distal pancreatectomy.Utilization of laparoscopy was defined in NIS by the International Classification of Diseases,Ninth Revision correspondent procedure code;and in NSQIP by the exploratory laparoscopy or unlisted procedure current procedural terminology codes.In SEER,patients were identified by the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology,Third Edition diagnosis codes and the SEER Program Code Manual,third edition procedure codes.We analyzed the databases with respect to trends of inpatient outcome metrics,oncologic outcomes,and hospital volumes in patients with lesions of the neck and body of the pancreas that underwent operative resection.RESULTS:NIS,NSQIP and SEER identified 4242,2681 and 11 082 DP resections,respectively.Overall,laparoscopy was utilized in 15%(NIS) and 27%(NSQIP).No significant increase was seen over the course of the study.Resection was performed for malignancy in 59%(NIS) and 66%(NSQIP).Neither patient Body mass index nor comorbidities were associated with operative approach(P = 0.95 and P = 0.96,respectively).Mortality(3% vs 2%,P = 0.05) and reoperation(4% vs 4%,P = 1.0) was not different between laparoscopy and open groups.Overall complications(10% vs 15%,P < 0.001),hospital costs [44 741 dollars,interquartile range(IQR) 28 347-74 114 dollars vs 49 792 dollars,IQR 13 299-73 463,P = 0.02] and hospital length of stay(7 d,IQR 4-11 d vs 7 d,IQR 6-10,P < 0.001) were less when laparoscopy was utilized.One and two year survival after resection for malignancy were unchanged over the course of the study(ductal adenocarinoma 1-year 63.6% and 2-year 35.1%,P = 0.53;intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and nueroendocrine 1-year 90% and 2-year 84%,P = 0.25).The majority of resections were performed in teaching hospitals(77% NIS and 85% NSQIP),but minimally invasive surgery(MIS) was not more likely to be used in teaching hospitals(15% vs 14%,P = 0.26).Hospitals in the top decile for volume were more likely to be teaching hospitals than lower volume deciles(88% vs 43%,P < 0.001),but were no more likely to utilize MIS at resection.Complication rate in teaching and the top decile hospitals was not significantly decreased when compared to non-teaching(15% vs 14%,P = 0.72) and lower volume hospitals(14% vs 15%,P = 0.99).No difference was seen in the median number of lymph nodes and lymph node ratio in N1 disease when compared by year(P = 0.17 and P = 0.96,respectively).CONCLUSION:There appears to be an overall underutilization of laparoscopy for DP.Centralization does not appear to be occurring.Survival and lymph node harvest have not changed.展开更多
The Korea peninsula extends southward from the eastern end of the Asian continent. It is divided just slightly north of the 38th parallel. The peninsula is roughly 1020 km(612 miles) long and 175 km( 105 miles) wide a...The Korea peninsula extends southward from the eastern end of the Asian continent. It is divided just slightly north of the 38th parallel. The peninsula is roughly 1020 km(612 miles) long and 175 km( 105 miles) wide at its narrowest point.展开更多
I HAVE spent the golden years of my life and career in China, having come to Beijing from Cairo as a 22-year-old, That was in 2008 and this is 2016, so you could call it a life-time experience.
The present study aims to analyze the shift in shoreline due to coastal processes and formulate available for best estimate of future shoreline positions based on precedent shorelines. Information on rates and trends ...The present study aims to analyze the shift in shoreline due to coastal processes and formulate available for best estimate of future shoreline positions based on precedent shorelines. Information on rates and trends of shoreline change can be used to improve the understanding of the underlying causes and potential effects of coastal erosion which can support informed coastal management decisions. In this paper, researchers go over the changes in the recent positions of the shoreline of the Balasore coast for the 38 years from 1975 through 2013. The study area includes the Balasore coastal region from Rasalpur to Udaypur together with Chandipur, Choumukh, Chandrabali as well as Bichitrapur. Transects wise shoreline data base were developed for approximately 67 kilometers of shoreline and erosional/accretional scenario has also been analysed by delineating the shoreline from Landsat imageries of 1975, 1980, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2013. A simple Linear Regression Model and End Point Rate (EPR) have been adopted to take out the rate of change of shoreline and its future positions, based on empirical observations at 67 transects along the Balasore coast. It is found that the north eastern part of Balasore coast in the vicinity of Subarnarekha estuary and Chandrabali beach undergo high rates of shore line shift. The shoreline data were integrated for long- (about 17 years) and short-term (about 7 years) shift rates analysis to comprehend the shoreline change and prediction. For the prediction of future shoreline, the model has been validated with the present shoreline position (2013). The rate of shoreline movement calculated from the fixed base line to shoreline position of 1975, 1980, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010 and based on this, the estimated shoreline of 2013 was calculated. The estimated shoreline was compared with the actual shoreline delineated from satellite imagery of 2013. The model error or positional shift at each sample point is observed. The positional error varies from??4.82 m to 212.41 m. It has been found that model prediction error is higher in the left hand side of river Subarnarekha. The overall error for the entire predicted shoreline was found to be 41.88 m by Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). In addition, it was tested by means difference between actual and predicted shoreline positions using “t” test and it has been found that predicted shore line is not significantly different from actual shoreline position at (t132 = 0.278) p < 0.01.展开更多
After the North China grid and the Central China grid get into connection with the UHVAC demonstration, a new phenomenon is discovered according to some simulations. That is, the faults at the remote end of the UHV in...After the North China grid and the Central China grid get into connection with the UHVAC demonstration, a new phenomenon is discovered according to some simulations. That is, the faults at the remote end of the UHV interconnected grid will result in significant power fluctuation and voltage drop on the UHV transmission line and even system splitting. But the faults near the UHV line only have marginal effects. Further, the simulation results also indicate that the short-circuit current of the buses near the UHV line is larger than that of the buses far away from the UHV line. This phenomenon is divergent from the traditional view. In this paper, the detail will be introduced, and the factors influencing the system stability after faults are presented and analyzed. The results indicate that transmission power of the UHV line and of the lines between the remote end and the major grid influence the fluctuation on UHV line. The load model and the grid structure of the remote end also have effect on it. Finally, corresponding control scheme is presented to improve the operation conditions of the UHV interconnected grid and ensure its security and stability.展开更多
Based on the 1951-2007 thunderstorms in Jiangsu,a study is conducted for their climate trends,periodicity,spatiotemporal patterns,and the distributions of the first and last days of the thunderstorms at different guar...Based on the 1951-2007 thunderstorms in Jiangsu,a study is conducted for their climate trends,periodicity,spatiotemporal patterns,and the distributions of the first and last days of the thunderstorms at different guarantee rates (GRs) using climate tendency rate,wavelet analysis,and GR for diagnosis.Results suggest that the inter-annual number of thunderstorm days (TSDs) exhibits a decreasing trend in this province.The trend is displayed mainly in the decreasing TSD number in summer and autumn except in spring,when the variation is not significant in the study period.In this province,the TSD number declines by ～2 days per 10 years.On an inter-annual basis,the pronounced positive departures of the number take place chiefly in the early 1960s,the late 1960s to the early-mid-1970s,the late 1980s,and the late 1990s compared with the negative anomalies dominant in the late 1970s to the mid-1980s,the mid-to-late-1990s,and the late 1990s to 2007.There are vast differences in the initial and ending days at diverse GRs in different areas of the province.At 50% GR,the earliest (last) days occur from mid-March to early April (early to late September) while at 80% GR,the initial (last) days are from late March to early May (early to late October).For the distribution of periods,the periods >8-10 years are relatively stable for the entire province.Based on 1951-2007 period analysis,the region north (south) of the Huaihe River experiences TSDs less (more) than normal days in recent years.展开更多
This paper analyzes the power markets both in northwest sending end and, east receiving ends, points out the favorable and unfavorable conditions for power development In, the northwest area, brings forward,the develo...This paper analyzes the power markets both in northwest sending end and, east receiving ends, points out the favorable and unfavorable conditions for power development In, the northwest area, brings forward,the development planning of power sources and power network constructions, and presents the benefit estimation of sending power from northwest to east.展开更多
Clinical guidelines universally recommend active surveillance—monitoring with curative intent—for indolent-grade group(GG)1 prostate cancer(PCa).Moreover,a growing body of literature supports reclassifying GG 1 as“...Clinical guidelines universally recommend active surveillance—monitoring with curative intent—for indolent-grade group(GG)1 prostate cancer(PCa).Moreover,a growing body of literature supports reclassifying GG 1 as“non-cancer.”^([1])However,PCa is often multifocal,and a biopsy may be performed for diagnosis.To assess potential biopsy undersampling,we characterized upgrading and upstaging at radical prostatectomy(RP)among males initially diagnosed with GG1 disease using data from 2 large cohorts:Sur-veillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)and the National Cancer Database(NCDB).展开更多
Although the dynamic instability of microtubules(MTs)is fundamental to many cellular functions,quiescent MTs with unattached free distal ends are commonly present and play important roles in various events to power ce...Although the dynamic instability of microtubules(MTs)is fundamental to many cellular functions,quiescent MTs with unattached free distal ends are commonly present and play important roles in various events to power cellular dynamics.However,how these free MT tips are stabilized remains poorly understood.Here,we report that centrosome and spindle pole protein 1(CSPP1)caps and stabilizes both plus and minus ends of static MTs.Real-time imaging of laser-ablated MTs in live cells showed deposition of CSPP1 at the newly generated MT ends,whose dynamic instability was concomitantly suppressed.Consistently,MT ends in CSPP1-overexpressing cells were hyper-stabilized,while those in CSPP1-depleted cells were much more dynamic.This CSPP1-elicited stabilization of MTs was demonstrated to be achieved by suppressing intrinsic MT catastrophe and restricting polymerization.Importantly,CSPP1-bound MTs were resistant to mitotic centromere-associated kinesin-mediated depolymerization.These findings delineate a previously uncharacterized CSPP1 activity that integrates MT end capping to orchestrate quiescent MTs.展开更多
This study proposes an alternative calculation mode for stresses on the slip surface(SS).The calculation of the normal stress(NS)on the SS involves examining its composition and expanding its unknown using the Taylor ...This study proposes an alternative calculation mode for stresses on the slip surface(SS).The calculation of the normal stress(NS)on the SS involves examining its composition and expanding its unknown using the Taylor series.This expansion enables the reasonable construction of a function describing the NS on the SS.Additionally,by directly incorporating the nonlinear Generalized Hoke-Brown(GHB)strength criterion and utilizing the slope factor of safety(FOS)definition,a function of the shear stress on the SS is derived.This function considers the mutual feedback mechanism between the NS and strength parameters of the SS.The stress constraints conditions are then introduced at both ends of the SS based on the spatial stress relation of one point.Determining the slope FOS and stress solution for the SS involves considering the mechanical equilibrium conditions and the stress constraint conditions satisfied by the sliding body.The proposed approach successfully simulates the tension-shear stress zone near the slope top and provides an intuitive description of the concentration effect of compression-shear stress of the SS near the slope toe.Furthermore,compared to other methods,the present method demonstrates superior processing capabilities for the embedded nonlinear GHB strength criterion.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the therapeutic effects of Xiahuo Pingwei San(夏藿平胃散,XHPWS)on ulcerative colitis(UC)in mice and to explore the underlying mechanisms through a network pharmacology approach.METHODS:Ultra-perf...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the therapeutic effects of Xiahuo Pingwei San(夏藿平胃散,XHPWS)on ulcerative colitis(UC)in mice and to explore the underlying mechanisms through a network pharmacology approach.METHODS:Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF/MS)was utilized to identify the chemical composition and authenticate the active constituents of XHPWS,ensuring rigorous quality control across batches.A dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced UC model was established in C57BL/6 mice,which were treated with XHPWS in vivo.The efficacy against UC was assessed by measuring parameters such as body weight,disease activity index(DAI)scores,and colon length.Levels of inflammatory cytokines,including interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),in colonic tissue were evaluated using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Histological analysis of colon sections was conducted using hematoxylin and eosin staining.A network pharmacology approach was employed to explore the mechanisms of XHPWS and to predict its potential targets in UC treatment.Predicted protein expressions in colonic tissue were validated using immune-ohistochemistry(IHC)and Western blotting techniques.RESULTS:XHPWS effectively alle via ted DSS-induced UC symptoms in mice,as evidenced by restored body weight,reduced colon shortening,and decreased DAI scores.Histopathological examination revealed that XHPWS significantly reduced intestinal inflammatory infiltration,restored intestinal epithelial permeability,and increased goblet cell count.Network pharmacology analysis identified 63 active compounds in XHPWS and suggested that it might target 35 potential proteins associated with UC treatment.Functional enrichment analysis indicated that the protective mechanism of XHPWS could be related to the advanced glycation end products-receptor for advanced glycation end products(AGE-RAGE)signaling pathway.Notably,quercetin,kaempferol,wogonin,and nobiletin,the main components of XHPWS,showed strong correlations with the core targets.Additionally,experimental validation demonstrated that XHPWS significantly decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin 6(IL-6),interleukin 1 beta(IL-1β),and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)in UC mice,while downregulating the expression of proteins related to the AGE-RAGE pathway.CONCLUSION:Our study demonstrated that XHPWS effectively alle via tes colitis symptoms and inflammation in UC mice,potentially through the regulation of the AGE-RAGE pathway.These findings provide strong evidence for the therapeutic potential of XHPWS in UC treatment,thereby broadening its clinical applications.展开更多
Trochoidal milling is known for its advantages in machining difficult-to-machine materials as it facilitates chip removal and tool cooling.However,the conventional trochoidal tool path presents challenges such as lowe...Trochoidal milling is known for its advantages in machining difficult-to-machine materials as it facilitates chip removal and tool cooling.However,the conventional trochoidal tool path presents challenges such as lower machining efficiency and longer machining time due to its time-varying cutter-workpiece engagement angle and a high percentage of non-cutting tool paths.To address these issues,this paper introduces a parameter-variant trochoidal-like(PVTR)tool path planning method for chatter-free and high-efficiency milling.This method ensures a constant engagement angle for each tool path period by adjusting the trochoidal radius and step.Initially,the nonlinear equation for the PVTR toolpath is established.Then,a segmented recurrence method is proposed to plan tool paths based on the desired engagement angle.The impact of trochoidal tool path parameters on the engagement angle is analyzed and coupled this information with the milling stability model based on spindle speed and engagement angle to determine the desired engagement angle throughout the machining process.Finally,several experimental tests are carried out using the bull-nose end mill to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
ACKGROUND The hemoglobin glycation index(HGI)represents the discrepancy between the glucose management indicator(GMI)based on mean blood glucose levels and laboratory values of glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c).The HGI is a ...ACKGROUND The hemoglobin glycation index(HGI)represents the discrepancy between the glucose management indicator(GMI)based on mean blood glucose levels and laboratory values of glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c).The HGI is a promising indicator for identifying individuals with excessive glycosylation,facilitating personalized evaluation and prediction of diabetic complications.However,the factors influencing the HGI in patients with type 1 diabetes(T1D)remain unclear.Autoimmune destruction of pancreaticβcells is central in T1D pathogenesis,yet insulin resistance can also be a feature of patients with T1D and their coexistence is called“double diabetes”(DD).However,knowledge regarding the relationship between DD features and the HGI in T1D is limited.AIM To assess the association between the HGI and DD features in adults with T1D.METHODS A total of 83 patients with T1D were recruited for this cross-sectional study.Laboratory HbA1c and GMI from continuous glucose monitoring data were collected to calculate the HGI.DD features included a family history of type 2 diabetes,overweight/obesity/central adiposity,hypertension,atherogenic dyslipidemia,an abnormal percentage of body fat(PBF)and/or visceral fat area(VFA)and decreased estimated insulin sensitivity.Skin autofluorescence of advanced glycation end products(SAF-AGEs),diabetic complications,and DD features were assessed,and their association with the HGI was analyzed.RESULTS A discrepancy was observed between HbA1c and GMI among patients with T1D and DD.A higher HGI was associated with an increased number of SAF-AGEs and a higher prevalence of diabetic microangiopathy(P=0.030),particularly retinopathy(P=0.031).Patients with three or more DD features exhibited an eight-fold increased risk of having a high HGI,compared with those without DD features(adjusted odds ratio=8.12;95%confidence interval:1.52-43.47).Specifically,an elevated PBF and/or VFA and decreased estimated insulin sensitivity were associated with high HGI.Regression analysis identified estimated insulin sensitivity and VFA as factors independently associated with HGI.CONCLUSION In patients with T1D,DD features are associated with a higher HGI,which represents a trend toward excessive glycosylation and is associated with a higher prevalence of chronic diabetic complications.展开更多
文摘The grating ends bonding fiber Bragg grating(FBG)sensor has been widely used in sensor packages such as substrate type and clamp type for health monitoring of large structures.However,owing to the shear deformation of the adhesive layer of FBG,the strain measured by FBG is often different from the strain of actual matrix,which causes strain measurement errors.This investigation aims at improving the measurement accuracy of strain for the grating ends surface-bonded FBG.To fulfill this objective,a strain transfer equation of the grating ends bonding FBG is derived,and a theoretical model of the average strain transfer from the matrix to the optical fiber is developed.Moreover,parameters that influence the average strain transfer rate from the matrix to the optical fiber are analyzed.A selection scheme of bonding parameters by numerical simulation is provided,which is significantly advantageous over that of the grating bonding FBG.The theoretical equation is verified by finite element method(FEM).Compared with the existing model,the proposed model has higher measurement accuracy.Experimental tests are performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model on the equalintensity cantilever beam,whose surface is attached to the bare FBG with grating ends bonding and strain gauge by using epoxy glue.The results show that there is a great agreement between the outcome of the bare FBG and that of the strain gauge,and the corrected strain is closer to the true strain.The proposed model provides a theoretical basis for the design of the grating ends surface-bonded FBG strain sensor for health monitoring of large structures.
基金the Independent Research of the State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Mine Safety(No. SKLCRSM09X02)the Open Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Mine Safety(No.08KF12)the Graduate Students of Jiangsu Province Innovation Program Funded Projects(No.CX09B_120Z) for their financial support
文摘Gateways at faces of great mining heights are mostly driven along the roof of coal seams.For gateway height restrictions,a 1-3 m floor coal is retained,leaving a triangular floor coal at the face ends,causing a loss of coal.In order to improve coal recovery rates and to ensure efficiency of equipment at coal mining faces,we investigated suitable retention methods and recovery technology of floor coal at face ends.The upper floor coal can directly be recovered by a shearer with floor dinting.The lower floor coal is recovered by shearer with floor dinting after advanced floor dinting and retaining a step for protecting coal sides in a haulage gateway.Field practice shows that this method can improve the coal recovery rates at fully mechanized working faces with great mining heights.
基金This work was supported by two grants from National Science Foundation of China (No: 39770684, 30170844).
文摘Objectives: To obtain very end full-length cDNA ofhepatitis C virus (HCV) 5’ untranslated region(5’UTR) and analyze its primary and secondarystructure.Methods: A patient infected genotype 2a HCV wasidentified by reverse transcription-nested polymerasechain reaction (RT-PCR) and restriction fragmentlength polymorphism (RFLP). Total RNA isolatedfrom the serum was used as template, and the cDNAof the 5’ untranslated region was amplified using rap-id amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The frag-ments were recombinated by A-T clone strategy, andthe recombinants were confirmed by RFLP andPCR, and sequenced subsequently. Secondary struc-tures were analysed by RNAdraw.Results: Very end full-length cDNA of genotype 2aHCV 5’ UTR was obtained by RACE. In five clonesobtained, three contained full-length 5’UTR cDNA;A21G, G170A, T222C, T247C, C339T substitutionswere found as compared to HC-J6. Homological re-sults of HCV-1, HC-J6, HC-C2, HC-J8 were 93.6%-94.4%, 92.1%-93%, 98.8%-99.7%, 96.2%-96.5%, respectively; however, the substitutions didnot alter secondary structure. Two of 5 clones weredeletions of 53bp and 135bp at the 5’terminal ofHCV 5’UTR, respectively.Conclusions: RACE can be used to obtain the full-length cDNA of 2a genotype HCV 5’UTR. Genes de-leted at the 5’ terminal of HCV circulate in hepatitisC patients.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2018YFA0208403 and 2016YFA0200403)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51472057,11874129,91323304,and 11674387)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA09040101)the Baotou Rare Earth Research and Development Centre,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.GZR 2018001)
文摘In this work we report that after single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs) are sheared with a pair of titanium scissors,the magnetization becomes larger than that of the corresponding pristine ones. The magnetization increases proportionally with the number of SWNTs with sheared ends, suggesting that there exist magnetic moments at the sheared ends of SWNTs.By using the coefficient of this linear relation, the average magnetic moment is estimated to be 41.5 ± 9.8 μB(Bohr magneton) per carbon atom in the edge state at temperature of 300.0 K, suggesting that ultrahigh magnetic fields can be produced. The dangling sigma and pi bonds of the carbon atoms at sheared ends play important roles in determining the unexpectedly high magnetic moments, which may have great potential applications.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10774032 and 51472057)the Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.Y2010031)
文摘The attractions of cantilevers made of multiwalled carbon nanotubes（MWNTs） and secured on one end are studied in the non-uniform magnetic field of a permanent magnet. Under an optical microscope, the positions and the corresponding deflections of the original cantilevers（with iron catalytic nanoparticles at the free end） and corresponding cut-off cantilevers（the free ends consisting of open ends of MWNTs） are studied. Both kinds of CNT cantilevers are found to be attracted by the magnet, and the point of application of force is proven to be at the tip of the cantilever. By measuring and comparing deflections between these two kinds of cantilevers, the magnetic moment at the open ends of the CNTs can be quantified.Due to the unexpectedly high value of the magnetic moment at the open ends of carbon nanotubes, it is called giant magnetic moment, and its possible mechanisms are proposed and discussed.
文摘AIM:To investigate national trends in distal pancreatectomy(DP) through query of three national patient care databases.METHODS:From the Nationwide Inpatient Sample(NIS,2003-2009),the National Surgical Quality Improvement Project(NSQIP,2005-2010),and the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results(SEER,2003-2009) databases using appropriate diagnostic and procedural codes we identified all patients with a diagnosis of a benign or malignant lesion of the body and/or tail of the pancreas that had undergone a partial or distal pancreatectomy.Utilization of laparoscopy was defined in NIS by the International Classification of Diseases,Ninth Revision correspondent procedure code;and in NSQIP by the exploratory laparoscopy or unlisted procedure current procedural terminology codes.In SEER,patients were identified by the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology,Third Edition diagnosis codes and the SEER Program Code Manual,third edition procedure codes.We analyzed the databases with respect to trends of inpatient outcome metrics,oncologic outcomes,and hospital volumes in patients with lesions of the neck and body of the pancreas that underwent operative resection.RESULTS:NIS,NSQIP and SEER identified 4242,2681 and 11 082 DP resections,respectively.Overall,laparoscopy was utilized in 15%(NIS) and 27%(NSQIP).No significant increase was seen over the course of the study.Resection was performed for malignancy in 59%(NIS) and 66%(NSQIP).Neither patient Body mass index nor comorbidities were associated with operative approach(P = 0.95 and P = 0.96,respectively).Mortality(3% vs 2%,P = 0.05) and reoperation(4% vs 4%,P = 1.0) was not different between laparoscopy and open groups.Overall complications(10% vs 15%,P < 0.001),hospital costs [44 741 dollars,interquartile range(IQR) 28 347-74 114 dollars vs 49 792 dollars,IQR 13 299-73 463,P = 0.02] and hospital length of stay(7 d,IQR 4-11 d vs 7 d,IQR 6-10,P < 0.001) were less when laparoscopy was utilized.One and two year survival after resection for malignancy were unchanged over the course of the study(ductal adenocarinoma 1-year 63.6% and 2-year 35.1%,P = 0.53;intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and nueroendocrine 1-year 90% and 2-year 84%,P = 0.25).The majority of resections were performed in teaching hospitals(77% NIS and 85% NSQIP),but minimally invasive surgery(MIS) was not more likely to be used in teaching hospitals(15% vs 14%,P = 0.26).Hospitals in the top decile for volume were more likely to be teaching hospitals than lower volume deciles(88% vs 43%,P < 0.001),but were no more likely to utilize MIS at resection.Complication rate in teaching and the top decile hospitals was not significantly decreased when compared to non-teaching(15% vs 14%,P = 0.72) and lower volume hospitals(14% vs 15%,P = 0.99).No difference was seen in the median number of lymph nodes and lymph node ratio in N1 disease when compared by year(P = 0.17 and P = 0.96,respectively).CONCLUSION:There appears to be an overall underutilization of laparoscopy for DP.Centralization does not appear to be occurring.Survival and lymph node harvest have not changed.
文摘The Korea peninsula extends southward from the eastern end of the Asian continent. It is divided just slightly north of the 38th parallel. The peninsula is roughly 1020 km(612 miles) long and 175 km( 105 miles) wide at its narrowest point.
文摘I HAVE spent the golden years of my life and career in China, having come to Beijing from Cairo as a 22-year-old, That was in 2008 and this is 2016, so you could call it a life-time experience.
文摘The present study aims to analyze the shift in shoreline due to coastal processes and formulate available for best estimate of future shoreline positions based on precedent shorelines. Information on rates and trends of shoreline change can be used to improve the understanding of the underlying causes and potential effects of coastal erosion which can support informed coastal management decisions. In this paper, researchers go over the changes in the recent positions of the shoreline of the Balasore coast for the 38 years from 1975 through 2013. The study area includes the Balasore coastal region from Rasalpur to Udaypur together with Chandipur, Choumukh, Chandrabali as well as Bichitrapur. Transects wise shoreline data base were developed for approximately 67 kilometers of shoreline and erosional/accretional scenario has also been analysed by delineating the shoreline from Landsat imageries of 1975, 1980, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2013. A simple Linear Regression Model and End Point Rate (EPR) have been adopted to take out the rate of change of shoreline and its future positions, based on empirical observations at 67 transects along the Balasore coast. It is found that the north eastern part of Balasore coast in the vicinity of Subarnarekha estuary and Chandrabali beach undergo high rates of shore line shift. The shoreline data were integrated for long- (about 17 years) and short-term (about 7 years) shift rates analysis to comprehend the shoreline change and prediction. For the prediction of future shoreline, the model has been validated with the present shoreline position (2013). The rate of shoreline movement calculated from the fixed base line to shoreline position of 1975, 1980, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010 and based on this, the estimated shoreline of 2013 was calculated. The estimated shoreline was compared with the actual shoreline delineated from satellite imagery of 2013. The model error or positional shift at each sample point is observed. The positional error varies from??4.82 m to 212.41 m. It has been found that model prediction error is higher in the left hand side of river Subarnarekha. The overall error for the entire predicted shoreline was found to be 41.88 m by Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). In addition, it was tested by means difference between actual and predicted shoreline positions using “t” test and it has been found that predicted shore line is not significantly different from actual shoreline position at (t132 = 0.278) p < 0.01.
文摘After the North China grid and the Central China grid get into connection with the UHVAC demonstration, a new phenomenon is discovered according to some simulations. That is, the faults at the remote end of the UHV interconnected grid will result in significant power fluctuation and voltage drop on the UHV transmission line and even system splitting. But the faults near the UHV line only have marginal effects. Further, the simulation results also indicate that the short-circuit current of the buses near the UHV line is larger than that of the buses far away from the UHV line. This phenomenon is divergent from the traditional view. In this paper, the detail will be introduced, and the factors influencing the system stability after faults are presented and analyzed. The results indicate that transmission power of the UHV line and of the lines between the remote end and the major grid influence the fluctuation on UHV line. The load model and the grid structure of the remote end also have effect on it. Finally, corresponding control scheme is presented to improve the operation conditions of the UHV interconnected grid and ensure its security and stability.
基金Social Development Program of Jiangsu Science and Technology (BS2007088)
文摘Based on the 1951-2007 thunderstorms in Jiangsu,a study is conducted for their climate trends,periodicity,spatiotemporal patterns,and the distributions of the first and last days of the thunderstorms at different guarantee rates (GRs) using climate tendency rate,wavelet analysis,and GR for diagnosis.Results suggest that the inter-annual number of thunderstorm days (TSDs) exhibits a decreasing trend in this province.The trend is displayed mainly in the decreasing TSD number in summer and autumn except in spring,when the variation is not significant in the study period.In this province,the TSD number declines by ～2 days per 10 years.On an inter-annual basis,the pronounced positive departures of the number take place chiefly in the early 1960s,the late 1960s to the early-mid-1970s,the late 1980s,and the late 1990s compared with the negative anomalies dominant in the late 1970s to the mid-1980s,the mid-to-late-1990s,and the late 1990s to 2007.There are vast differences in the initial and ending days at diverse GRs in different areas of the province.At 50% GR,the earliest (last) days occur from mid-March to early April (early to late September) while at 80% GR,the initial (last) days are from late March to early May (early to late October).For the distribution of periods,the periods >8-10 years are relatively stable for the entire province.Based on 1951-2007 period analysis,the region north (south) of the Huaihe River experiences TSDs less (more) than normal days in recent years.
文摘This paper analyzes the power markets both in northwest sending end and, east receiving ends, points out the favorable and unfavorable conditions for power development In, the northwest area, brings forward,the development planning of power sources and power network constructions, and presents the benefit estimation of sending power from northwest to east.
文摘Clinical guidelines universally recommend active surveillance—monitoring with curative intent—for indolent-grade group(GG)1 prostate cancer(PCa).Moreover,a growing body of literature supports reclassifying GG 1 as“non-cancer.”^([1])However,PCa is often multifocal,and a biopsy may be performed for diagnosis.To assess potential biopsy undersampling,we characterized upgrading and upstaging at radical prostatectomy(RP)among males initially diagnosed with GG1 disease using data from 2 large cohorts:Sur-veillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)and the National Cancer Database(NCDB).
基金supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(2022YFA1303100,32090040,92254302,2022YFA0806800,91854203,31621002,2017YFA0503600,21922706,and 92153302 to Xing Liu,2022YFA1302700 to Z.W.,32100612 to Xu Liu)the Ministry of Education of China(IRT_17R102,20113402130010,and YD2070006001 to Xing Liu)+3 种基金the Plans for Major Provincial Science&Technology Projects of Anhui Province(202303a0702003 to Xing Liu)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(KB9100000007 and KB9100000013 to Xing Liu)University of Science and Technology of China Start-up Fund(KY9990000167 to Z.W.)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(LY23C070002 to W.W.)。
文摘Although the dynamic instability of microtubules(MTs)is fundamental to many cellular functions,quiescent MTs with unattached free distal ends are commonly present and play important roles in various events to power cellular dynamics.However,how these free MT tips are stabilized remains poorly understood.Here,we report that centrosome and spindle pole protein 1(CSPP1)caps and stabilizes both plus and minus ends of static MTs.Real-time imaging of laser-ablated MTs in live cells showed deposition of CSPP1 at the newly generated MT ends,whose dynamic instability was concomitantly suppressed.Consistently,MT ends in CSPP1-overexpressing cells were hyper-stabilized,while those in CSPP1-depleted cells were much more dynamic.This CSPP1-elicited stabilization of MTs was demonstrated to be achieved by suppressing intrinsic MT catastrophe and restricting polymerization.Importantly,CSPP1-bound MTs were resistant to mitotic centromere-associated kinesin-mediated depolymerization.These findings delineate a previously uncharacterized CSPP1 activity that integrates MT end capping to orchestrate quiescent MTs.
基金Project(52278380)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2023JJ30670)supported by the National Science Foundation of and Technology Major Project of Hunan Province,China。
文摘This study proposes an alternative calculation mode for stresses on the slip surface(SS).The calculation of the normal stress(NS)on the SS involves examining its composition and expanding its unknown using the Taylor series.This expansion enables the reasonable construction of a function describing the NS on the SS.Additionally,by directly incorporating the nonlinear Generalized Hoke-Brown(GHB)strength criterion and utilizing the slope factor of safety(FOS)definition,a function of the shear stress on the SS is derived.This function considers the mutual feedback mechanism between the NS and strength parameters of the SS.The stress constraints conditions are then introduced at both ends of the SS based on the spatial stress relation of one point.Determining the slope FOS and stress solution for the SS involves considering the mechanical equilibrium conditions and the stress constraint conditions satisfied by the sliding body.The proposed approach successfully simulates the tension-shear stress zone near the slope top and provides an intuitive description of the concentration effect of compression-shear stress of the SS near the slope toe.Furthermore,compared to other methods,the present method demonstrates superior processing capabilities for the embedded nonlinear GHB strength criterion.
基金the Guangdong Provincial Basic and Applied Basic Research Project:Mechanistic Study on the Regulation of Inflammatory Microenvironment and Improvement of Ulcerative Colitis by Lingnan Traditional Medicine Ficus Pandurata Hance through Wilms'Tumor 1-associating Protein-Mediated RNA Methyltransferase Promoting Toll Like Receptor 4 m6A Modification(2023A1515011699)the Zhongshan Medical Research Project:Mechanistic Study on the Action of Xiahuo Pingwei San in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis(2022A020446)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the therapeutic effects of Xiahuo Pingwei San(夏藿平胃散,XHPWS)on ulcerative colitis(UC)in mice and to explore the underlying mechanisms through a network pharmacology approach.METHODS:Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF/MS)was utilized to identify the chemical composition and authenticate the active constituents of XHPWS,ensuring rigorous quality control across batches.A dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced UC model was established in C57BL/6 mice,which were treated with XHPWS in vivo.The efficacy against UC was assessed by measuring parameters such as body weight,disease activity index(DAI)scores,and colon length.Levels of inflammatory cytokines,including interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),in colonic tissue were evaluated using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Histological analysis of colon sections was conducted using hematoxylin and eosin staining.A network pharmacology approach was employed to explore the mechanisms of XHPWS and to predict its potential targets in UC treatment.Predicted protein expressions in colonic tissue were validated using immune-ohistochemistry(IHC)and Western blotting techniques.RESULTS:XHPWS effectively alle via ted DSS-induced UC symptoms in mice,as evidenced by restored body weight,reduced colon shortening,and decreased DAI scores.Histopathological examination revealed that XHPWS significantly reduced intestinal inflammatory infiltration,restored intestinal epithelial permeability,and increased goblet cell count.Network pharmacology analysis identified 63 active compounds in XHPWS and suggested that it might target 35 potential proteins associated with UC treatment.Functional enrichment analysis indicated that the protective mechanism of XHPWS could be related to the advanced glycation end products-receptor for advanced glycation end products(AGE-RAGE)signaling pathway.Notably,quercetin,kaempferol,wogonin,and nobiletin,the main components of XHPWS,showed strong correlations with the core targets.Additionally,experimental validation demonstrated that XHPWS significantly decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin 6(IL-6),interleukin 1 beta(IL-1β),and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)in UC mice,while downregulating the expression of proteins related to the AGE-RAGE pathway.CONCLUSION:Our study demonstrated that XHPWS effectively alle via tes colitis symptoms and inflammation in UC mice,potentially through the regulation of the AGE-RAGE pathway.These findings provide strong evidence for the therapeutic potential of XHPWS in UC treatment,thereby broadening its clinical applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U22A20202 and 52275477).
文摘Trochoidal milling is known for its advantages in machining difficult-to-machine materials as it facilitates chip removal and tool cooling.However,the conventional trochoidal tool path presents challenges such as lower machining efficiency and longer machining time due to its time-varying cutter-workpiece engagement angle and a high percentage of non-cutting tool paths.To address these issues,this paper introduces a parameter-variant trochoidal-like(PVTR)tool path planning method for chatter-free and high-efficiency milling.This method ensures a constant engagement angle for each tool path period by adjusting the trochoidal radius and step.Initially,the nonlinear equation for the PVTR toolpath is established.Then,a segmented recurrence method is proposed to plan tool paths based on the desired engagement angle.The impact of trochoidal tool path parameters on the engagement angle is analyzed and coupled this information with the milling stability model based on spindle speed and engagement angle to determine the desired engagement angle throughout the machining process.Finally,several experimental tests are carried out using the bull-nose end mill to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金Supported by the National Key R D Program of China,No.2022YFC2010102Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,No.2021JC0003+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82070812the Sinocare Diabetes Foundation,No.LYF2022039.
文摘ACKGROUND The hemoglobin glycation index(HGI)represents the discrepancy between the glucose management indicator(GMI)based on mean blood glucose levels and laboratory values of glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c).The HGI is a promising indicator for identifying individuals with excessive glycosylation,facilitating personalized evaluation and prediction of diabetic complications.However,the factors influencing the HGI in patients with type 1 diabetes(T1D)remain unclear.Autoimmune destruction of pancreaticβcells is central in T1D pathogenesis,yet insulin resistance can also be a feature of patients with T1D and their coexistence is called“double diabetes”(DD).However,knowledge regarding the relationship between DD features and the HGI in T1D is limited.AIM To assess the association between the HGI and DD features in adults with T1D.METHODS A total of 83 patients with T1D were recruited for this cross-sectional study.Laboratory HbA1c and GMI from continuous glucose monitoring data were collected to calculate the HGI.DD features included a family history of type 2 diabetes,overweight/obesity/central adiposity,hypertension,atherogenic dyslipidemia,an abnormal percentage of body fat(PBF)and/or visceral fat area(VFA)and decreased estimated insulin sensitivity.Skin autofluorescence of advanced glycation end products(SAF-AGEs),diabetic complications,and DD features were assessed,and their association with the HGI was analyzed.RESULTS A discrepancy was observed between HbA1c and GMI among patients with T1D and DD.A higher HGI was associated with an increased number of SAF-AGEs and a higher prevalence of diabetic microangiopathy(P=0.030),particularly retinopathy(P=0.031).Patients with three or more DD features exhibited an eight-fold increased risk of having a high HGI,compared with those without DD features(adjusted odds ratio=8.12;95%confidence interval:1.52-43.47).Specifically,an elevated PBF and/or VFA and decreased estimated insulin sensitivity were associated with high HGI.Regression analysis identified estimated insulin sensitivity and VFA as factors independently associated with HGI.CONCLUSION In patients with T1D,DD features are associated with a higher HGI,which represents a trend toward excessive glycosylation and is associated with a higher prevalence of chronic diabetic complications.
