巨噬细胞样细胞(macrophage-like cells, MLC)指起源、功能与巨噬细胞类似的免疫细胞,包括小胶质细胞、玻璃体细胞及巨噬细胞。将en face OCT显示层面设置在视网膜表明即可观测到视网膜表明的MLC(epiretinal MLC, eMLC),随后利用Image ...巨噬细胞样细胞(macrophage-like cells, MLC)指起源、功能与巨噬细胞类似的免疫细胞,包括小胶质细胞、玻璃体细胞及巨噬细胞。将en face OCT显示层面设置在视网膜表明即可观测到视网膜表明的MLC(epiretinal MLC, eMLC),随后利用Image J软件即可对细胞进行提取和量化。研究表明,eMLC在炎症情况下均可出现细胞募集及活化现象,但在不同眼底病中各具特点。在糖尿病视网膜病变、视网膜静脉阻塞等视网膜缺血缺氧性疾病中,eMLC密度越高,黄斑水肿可能越严重。此外,eMLC密度更高的视网膜静脉阻塞患者抗VEGF疗效更差,视力预后不佳,提示基于en face OCT的eMLC不仅可用于评估视网膜炎症情况,而且还能充当提示疾病疗效及预后的标志物。在葡萄膜炎等免疫炎症性疾病中,en face OCT亦可观测到eMLC密度、形态等改变。白塞病葡萄膜炎患者视网膜血管渗漏程度与eMLC密度相关性强,故eMLC密度可充当无创评估视网膜血管渗漏程度的新指标。然而,目前提取和量化eMLC的方法及标准不统一,降低了各研究间的可比性。因此,亟需制定统一的操作规范和评估标准。此外eMLC所代表的具体细胞类型及功能仍需进一步探究。未来,研究者可以利用en face OCT对眼底炎症地进行无创评估。基于en face OCT的eMLC还能作为基础研究与临床研究之间的桥梁,为揭示疾病的致病机制提供重要参考。展开更多
The main raw material utilized in wood adhesives comes from petrochemical extractives.However,due to the excessive dependence on petrochemical resources and the adverse impact on the ecosystem and human wellbeing,ther...The main raw material utilized in wood adhesives comes from petrochemical extractives.However,due to the excessive dependence on petrochemical resources and the adverse impact on the ecosystem and human wellbeing,there is an increasing trend to develop byproduct protein-based adhesives in the current global food safety context.In this research,flaxseed meal was subjected to pretreatment,and trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether(TTE)and ethylenediamine(EN)were utilized as crosslinkers to establish a more compact adhesive layer and to prevent water intrusion.The pretreatment decreased the FM/UB viscosity by 60%compared to FM.The combination of CD analysis indicated that the Urea-NaOH pretreatment effectively stretched the flaxseed meal protein.According to Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction(XRD),and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)were used to analyze the resulting adhesive’s reaction mechanism and thermal response.Furthermore,the physical properties of the adhesive were characterized using wet shear strength testing and SEM observation.Remarkably,the dry bond strength increased from 0.72 to 2.12 MPa,representing a 194.4%increase.The wet bonding strength of the adhesive was improved from 0.22 to 1.21 MPa,representing a 550%increase compared to the original flaxseed protein-based adhesive,which far exceeded the minimum requirement for plywood of Type II(≥0.7 MPa,by GB/T 9846-2015).This study demonstrated an eco-friendly and sustainable method for the development of protein adhesives as viable substitutes for petrochemical resins.展开更多
BACKGROUND Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection(UEMR)has been shown to be a good treatment option for the management of nonpedunculated polyps≥10 mm since its introduction.However,there is a paucity of randomized ...BACKGROUND Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection(UEMR)has been shown to be a good treatment option for the management of nonpedunculated polyps≥10 mm since its introduction.However,there is a paucity of randomized controlled trials(RCTs)in Asia.AIM To compare the efficacy and safety of UEMR with those of conventional EMR(CEMR)in treating nonpedunculated colorectal lesions.METHODS We carried out this RCT at a tertiary hospital from October 2022 to July 2024.Patients with nonpedunculated colorectal neoplasms ranging from 10 mm to 30 mm in size were randomly assigned to either the UEMR or CEMR group.The primary outcome was the curative resection(R0)rate.The secondary outcomes included en bloc resection,procedure time,adverse events,and the number of clips used for defect closure.RESULTS A total of 260 patients with 260 lesions(130 in each UEMR and CEMR group)were recruited.The median age was 58(27-85)years,the male/female ratio was 1.74,and the median lesion size was 20(10-30 mm)mm.Compared with CEMR,UEMR was associated with a significantly greater curative resection(R0)rate(98.4%vs 90.3%;P=0.007),greater en bloc resection rate(100%vs 94.6%;P=0.014),shorter procedure time(65 vs 185 seconds;P<0.001),lower rate of bleeding complications(1.5%vs 10%;P=0.003),and fewer clips used(2 vs 3;P<0.001).No perforations were observed in either group.CONCLUSION Compared with CEMR,UEMR has a higher R0 rate,greater en bloc resection rate,shorter procedure time,fewer bleeding complications,and clips used in the management of nonpedunculated colorectal neoplasms.展开更多
BACKGROUND Although en bloc dissection of hepatic hilum lymph nodes has many advantages in radical tumor treatment,the feasibility and safety of this approach for laparo-scopic pancreaticoduodenectomy(LPD)require furt...BACKGROUND Although en bloc dissection of hepatic hilum lymph nodes has many advantages in radical tumor treatment,the feasibility and safety of this approach for laparo-scopic pancreaticoduodenectomy(LPD)require further clinical evaluation and investigation.AIM To explore the application value of the"five steps four quadrants"modularized en bloc dissection technique for accessing hepatic hilum lymph nodes in LPD patients.METHODS A total of 52 patients who underwent LPD via the"five steps four quadrants"modularized en bloc dissection technique for hepatic hilum lymph nodes from April 2021 to July 2023 in our department were analyzed retrospectively.The patients'body mass index(BMI),preoperative laboratory indices,intraoperative variables and postoperative complications were recorded.The relationships between preoperative data and intraoperative lymph node dissection time and blood loss were also analyzed.RESULTS Among the 52 patients,36 were males and 16 were females,and the average age was 62.2±11.0 years.There were 26 patients with pancreatic head cancer,16 patients with periampullary cancer,and 10 patients with distal bile duct cancer.The BMI was 22.3±3.3 kg/m²,and the median total bilirubin(TBIL)concentration was 57.7(16.0-155.7)µmol/L.All patients successfully underwent the"five steps four quadrants"modularized en bloc dissection technique without lymph node clearance-related complications such as postoperative bleeding or lymphatic leakage.Correlation analysis revealed significant associations between preoperative BMI(r=0.3581,P=0.0091),TBIL level(r=0.2988,P=0.0341),prothrombin time(r=0.3018,P=0.0297)and lymph node dissection time.Moreover,dissection time was significantly correlated with intraoperative blood loss(r=0.7744,P<0.0001).Further stratified analysis demonstrated that patients with a preoperative BMI≥21.9 kg/m²and a TIBL concentration≥57.7μmol/L had significantly longer lymph node dissection times(both P<0.05).CONCLUSION The"five steps four quadrants"modularized en bloc dissection technique for accessing the hepatic hilum lymph node is safe and feasible for LPD.This technique is expected to improve the efficiency of hepatic hilum lymph node dissection and shorten the learning curve;thus,it is worthy of further clinical promotion and application.展开更多
文摘巨噬细胞样细胞(macrophage-like cells, MLC)指起源、功能与巨噬细胞类似的免疫细胞,包括小胶质细胞、玻璃体细胞及巨噬细胞。将en face OCT显示层面设置在视网膜表明即可观测到视网膜表明的MLC(epiretinal MLC, eMLC),随后利用Image J软件即可对细胞进行提取和量化。研究表明,eMLC在炎症情况下均可出现细胞募集及活化现象,但在不同眼底病中各具特点。在糖尿病视网膜病变、视网膜静脉阻塞等视网膜缺血缺氧性疾病中,eMLC密度越高,黄斑水肿可能越严重。此外,eMLC密度更高的视网膜静脉阻塞患者抗VEGF疗效更差,视力预后不佳,提示基于en face OCT的eMLC不仅可用于评估视网膜炎症情况,而且还能充当提示疾病疗效及预后的标志物。在葡萄膜炎等免疫炎症性疾病中,en face OCT亦可观测到eMLC密度、形态等改变。白塞病葡萄膜炎患者视网膜血管渗漏程度与eMLC密度相关性强,故eMLC密度可充当无创评估视网膜血管渗漏程度的新指标。然而,目前提取和量化eMLC的方法及标准不统一,降低了各研究间的可比性。因此,亟需制定统一的操作规范和评估标准。此外eMLC所代表的具体细胞类型及功能仍需进一步探究。未来,研究者可以利用en face OCT对眼底炎症地进行无创评估。基于en face OCT的eMLC还能作为基础研究与临床研究之间的桥梁,为揭示疾病的致病机制提供重要参考。
文摘The main raw material utilized in wood adhesives comes from petrochemical extractives.However,due to the excessive dependence on petrochemical resources and the adverse impact on the ecosystem and human wellbeing,there is an increasing trend to develop byproduct protein-based adhesives in the current global food safety context.In this research,flaxseed meal was subjected to pretreatment,and trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether(TTE)and ethylenediamine(EN)were utilized as crosslinkers to establish a more compact adhesive layer and to prevent water intrusion.The pretreatment decreased the FM/UB viscosity by 60%compared to FM.The combination of CD analysis indicated that the Urea-NaOH pretreatment effectively stretched the flaxseed meal protein.According to Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction(XRD),and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)were used to analyze the resulting adhesive’s reaction mechanism and thermal response.Furthermore,the physical properties of the adhesive were characterized using wet shear strength testing and SEM observation.Remarkably,the dry bond strength increased from 0.72 to 2.12 MPa,representing a 194.4%increase.The wet bonding strength of the adhesive was improved from 0.22 to 1.21 MPa,representing a 550%increase compared to the original flaxseed protein-based adhesive,which far exceeded the minimum requirement for plywood of Type II(≥0.7 MPa,by GB/T 9846-2015).This study demonstrated an eco-friendly and sustainable method for the development of protein adhesives as viable substitutes for petrochemical resins.
文摘BACKGROUND Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection(UEMR)has been shown to be a good treatment option for the management of nonpedunculated polyps≥10 mm since its introduction.However,there is a paucity of randomized controlled trials(RCTs)in Asia.AIM To compare the efficacy and safety of UEMR with those of conventional EMR(CEMR)in treating nonpedunculated colorectal lesions.METHODS We carried out this RCT at a tertiary hospital from October 2022 to July 2024.Patients with nonpedunculated colorectal neoplasms ranging from 10 mm to 30 mm in size were randomly assigned to either the UEMR or CEMR group.The primary outcome was the curative resection(R0)rate.The secondary outcomes included en bloc resection,procedure time,adverse events,and the number of clips used for defect closure.RESULTS A total of 260 patients with 260 lesions(130 in each UEMR and CEMR group)were recruited.The median age was 58(27-85)years,the male/female ratio was 1.74,and the median lesion size was 20(10-30 mm)mm.Compared with CEMR,UEMR was associated with a significantly greater curative resection(R0)rate(98.4%vs 90.3%;P=0.007),greater en bloc resection rate(100%vs 94.6%;P=0.014),shorter procedure time(65 vs 185 seconds;P<0.001),lower rate of bleeding complications(1.5%vs 10%;P=0.003),and fewer clips used(2 vs 3;P<0.001).No perforations were observed in either group.CONCLUSION Compared with CEMR,UEMR has a higher R0 rate,greater en bloc resection rate,shorter procedure time,fewer bleeding complications,and clips used in the management of nonpedunculated colorectal neoplasms.
基金Supported by Health Research Program of Anhui,No.AHWJ2022b032。
文摘BACKGROUND Although en bloc dissection of hepatic hilum lymph nodes has many advantages in radical tumor treatment,the feasibility and safety of this approach for laparo-scopic pancreaticoduodenectomy(LPD)require further clinical evaluation and investigation.AIM To explore the application value of the"five steps four quadrants"modularized en bloc dissection technique for accessing hepatic hilum lymph nodes in LPD patients.METHODS A total of 52 patients who underwent LPD via the"five steps four quadrants"modularized en bloc dissection technique for hepatic hilum lymph nodes from April 2021 to July 2023 in our department were analyzed retrospectively.The patients'body mass index(BMI),preoperative laboratory indices,intraoperative variables and postoperative complications were recorded.The relationships between preoperative data and intraoperative lymph node dissection time and blood loss were also analyzed.RESULTS Among the 52 patients,36 were males and 16 were females,and the average age was 62.2±11.0 years.There were 26 patients with pancreatic head cancer,16 patients with periampullary cancer,and 10 patients with distal bile duct cancer.The BMI was 22.3±3.3 kg/m²,and the median total bilirubin(TBIL)concentration was 57.7(16.0-155.7)µmol/L.All patients successfully underwent the"five steps four quadrants"modularized en bloc dissection technique without lymph node clearance-related complications such as postoperative bleeding or lymphatic leakage.Correlation analysis revealed significant associations between preoperative BMI(r=0.3581,P=0.0091),TBIL level(r=0.2988,P=0.0341),prothrombin time(r=0.3018,P=0.0297)and lymph node dissection time.Moreover,dissection time was significantly correlated with intraoperative blood loss(r=0.7744,P<0.0001).Further stratified analysis demonstrated that patients with a preoperative BMI≥21.9 kg/m²and a TIBL concentration≥57.7μmol/L had significantly longer lymph node dissection times(both P<0.05).CONCLUSION The"five steps four quadrants"modularized en bloc dissection technique for accessing the hepatic hilum lymph node is safe and feasible for LPD.This technique is expected to improve the efficiency of hepatic hilum lymph node dissection and shorten the learning curve;thus,it is worthy of further clinical promotion and application.
