Huayi Elec. Apparatus Group Co, Ltd. (HEAG), China, is a manufacturer of H.V. & L.V. switchgear equipments appointed by state, a certified enterprise of ISO9001 Quality Assurance System, the Golden Customer of the...Huayi Elec. Apparatus Group Co, Ltd. (HEAG), China, is a manufacturer of H.V. & L.V. switchgear equipments appointed by state, a certified enterprise of ISO9001 Quality Assurance System, the Golden Customer of the Agriculture Bank of China in Zhejiang province, National Advanced Unit of Science and Technology, High and New Technology Enterprise in Zhejiang province, etc., which mainly produces the complete set of equipment, Distribution展开更多
Huayi Elec. Apparatus Group Co, Ltd. (HEAG), China, is a manufacturer of H.V. & L.V. switchgear equipmentsappointed by state, a certified enterprise of ISO9001 Quality Assurance System, the Golden Customer of the ...Huayi Elec. Apparatus Group Co, Ltd. (HEAG), China, is a manufacturer of H.V. & L.V. switchgear equipmentsappointed by state, a certified enterprise of ISO9001 Quality Assurance System, the Golden Customer of the AgricultureBank of China in Zhejiang province, National Advanced Unit of Science and Technology, High and New TechnologyEnterprise in Zhejiang province, etc., which mainly produces the complete set of equipment, Distribution AutomaticSwitches under 35kV and their terminal devices, H.V. components for switchgear, electronic watt-hour meter etc.All the leading products have been selected in 【Catalogue of the Recommended Enterprises for Two Networks’展开更多
Cell function has a tight relationship with cell architecture.Distribution of proteins to the correct compartment is one of the functions of the traffic pathway through the Golgi apparatus.The others are to ensure pro...Cell function has a tight relationship with cell architecture.Distribution of proteins to the correct compartment is one of the functions of the traffic pathway through the Golgi apparatus.The others are to ensure proper protein folding,the addition of post-translational modifications,and delivering to intracellular and extracellular destinations.Astrocytes are fundamental homeostatic cells,controlling multiple aspects of the central nervous system physiology,such as ion balance,nutrients,blood flow,neurotransmitters,and responses to insults.Astrocytes are polarized cells,and,such as neurons,extensively use the secretory pathway for secreting factors and exposing functional receptors,channels,and transporters on the plasma membrane.In this review,we will underline the importance of studying the Golgi apparatus and the secretory pathway in astrocytes,based on the possible tight connection between the Golgi apparatus and astrocytes’homeostatic function.Given the topic of this review,we will provide examples mostly about the Golgi apparatus structure,function,localization,and its involvement in astrocytes’homeostatic response,with an insight into congenital glycosylation disorders,as an example of a potential future field in the study of astrocyte homeostatic failure and Golgi apparatus alteration.展开更多
随着城市空中交通(Urban Air Mobility,UAM)商业化运输的兴起,简化飞行操纵(SVO)的概念被引入航空器设计,旨在简化操作流程以适应未来运输需求。然而,基于SVO设计的电动垂直起降飞行器(eVTOL)是否满足适航性条件,以及其操纵界面是否符...随着城市空中交通(Urban Air Mobility,UAM)商业化运输的兴起,简化飞行操纵(SVO)的概念被引入航空器设计,旨在简化操作流程以适应未来运输需求。然而,基于SVO设计的电动垂直起降飞行器(eVTOL)是否满足适航性条件,以及其操纵界面是否符合人机交互的友好性标准,目前尚存在不确定性。为了解决这一问题,对基于简化操纵设计的eVTOL进行了任务科目基元(MTE)的实验,以评估其操纵品质。实验共招募了20名被试人员,通过库珀-哈珀量表收集了他们对eVTOL操纵品质的主观评分,并进行了半结构化访谈,同时记录了他们的眼动数据和肌电数据。本研究在结合主观评估和可解释的手工特征的基础上,提出了基于格拉米角场法和卷积神经网络的操纵品质评估模型。研究结果表明,不良的操纵界面设计显著影响了参与者的肌电信号和眼动信号。基于此结论设计的卷积神经网络模型能够以93.67%的准确率评估eVTOL的操纵品质。研究不仅为航空器操纵品质的提供了更为客观的新视角,而且为未来简化操纵eVTOL的设计提供了重要的改进依据。展开更多
Male infertility can result from impaired sperm motility caused by multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagella(MMAF).Distinct projections encircling the central microtubules of the spermatozoal axoneme play p...Male infertility can result from impaired sperm motility caused by multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagella(MMAF).Distinct projections encircling the central microtubules of the spermatozoal axoneme play pivotal roles in flagellar bending and spermatozoal movement.Mammalian sperm-associated antigen 17(SPAG17)encodes a conserved axonemal protein of cilia and flagella,forming part of the C1a projection of the central apparatus,with functions related to ciliary/flagellar motility,skeletal growth,and male fertility.This study investigated two novel homozygous SPAG17 mutations(M1:NM_206996.2,c.829+1G>T,p.Asp212_Glu276del;and M2:c.2120del,p.Leu707*)identified in four infertile patients from two consanguineous Pakistani families.These patients displayed the MMAF phenotype confirmed by Papanicolaou staining and scanning electron microscopy assays of spermatozoa.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)of patients’spermatozoa also revealed a significant decrease in SPAG17 mRNA expression,and immunofluorescence staining showed the absence of SPAG17 protein signals along the flagella.However,no apparent ciliary-related symptoms or skeletal malformations were observed in the chest X-rays of any of the patients.Transmission electron microscopy of axoneme cross-sections from the patients showed incomplete C1a projection and a higher frequency of missing microtubule doublets 1 and 9 compared with those from fertile controls.Immunofluorescence staining and Western blot analyses of spermatogenesis-associated protein 17(SPATA17),a component of the C1a projection,and sperm-associated antigen 6(SPAG6),a marker of the spring layer,revealed disrupted expression of both proteins in the patients’spermatozoa.Altogether,these findings demonstrated that SPAG17 maintains the integrity of spermatozoal flagellar axoneme,expanding the phenotypic spectrum of SPAG17 mutations in humans.展开更多
This study investigates the influence of date palm fibers(DPF)on the mechanical performance of bituminous mixtures using two experimental methodologies:the wet and dry processes.In the wet process,DPFs were pre-blende...This study investigates the influence of date palm fibers(DPF)on the mechanical performance of bituminous mixtures using two experimental methodologies:the wet and dry processes.In the wet process,DPFs were pre-blended with bitumen at varying contents ranging from 1%to 5%by weight,prior to mixing with aggregates.The resulting mixtures were evaluated based on several key performance indicators,including Marshall stability,creep resistance,compactness,and water sensitivity.The inclusion of fibers generally enhanced mechanical properties,with optimal improvements observed at 2%to 4%fiber content.Notably,the mixture with 3%DPF content demonstrated a 35.7%increase in Marshall stability,while the lowest compactness reduction(−1.9%)occurred at 1%fiber addition.In the dry process,the effects of both fiber length(1 cm,3 cm,and 5 cm)and fiber content(0.1%to 0.5%)were examined,focusing specifically on rutting and creep resistance.The results showed that 3 cm fibers significantly improved rutting resistance,whereas the 0.1%fiber content yielded the highest enhancement in creep resistance.However,no clear correlation was established between the two performance metrics,suggesting that the mechanical response is highly deformation-dependent.Overall,the addition of DPF contributed to improved durability,strength,and resistance to deformation in asphalt mixtures.The findings underscore the potential of date palm fibers as a sustainable,low-cost,and environmentally friendly additive in pavement engineering,particularly in regions where palm waste is readily available and underutilized.展开更多
The Ilizarov apparatus was designed by its author 75 years ago and addresses a wide range of orthopedic conditions.Its classical assemblies are still self-sufficient and versatile.However,certain clinical scenarios re...The Ilizarov apparatus was designed by its author 75 years ago and addresses a wide range of orthopedic conditions.Its classical assemblies are still self-sufficient and versatile.However,certain clinical scenarios require a more specialized approach,and some groups of patients may benefit from customized Ilizarov constructs.Engineering science has designed various external fixators for orthopedic purposes,and some of those have become the gold standard for specific clinical tasks.We aimed to determine the current state and novel modifications of specialized external fixators for specific clinical situations which are based on the principles of the Ilizarov method.They are half-pin-based fixators for temporal fracture fixation,ring or hybrid devices for gradual deformity correction,and compression-distraction devices tailored for definite limb segments.Gradual correction of deformities can be achieved with external hexapods incorporating universal reduction units.Alternatively,external fixators with special connection mechanisms are able to provide independent movement of the rings in six degrees of freedom.Deformity correction can be performed with combined or sequential use of external and internal fixators.Special devices were developed for moving the split fragment for revascularization of the tibia.The units of external frames on the foot were modified to consider its complex anatomy and the clinical needs ranging from correction of multi-plane deformities,joint arthrodesis to distraction arthroplasty.Mini-fixators are compact external fixators for small bones of the hand and foot.The varieties of external fixators based on the Ilizarov principles have been designed to fulfill an ultimate goal of improving treatment outcomes.展开更多
The uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)of rocks is a vital geomechanical parameter widely used for rock mass classification,stability analysis,and engineering design in rock engineering.Various UCS testing methods and ...The uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)of rocks is a vital geomechanical parameter widely used for rock mass classification,stability analysis,and engineering design in rock engineering.Various UCS testing methods and apparatuses have been proposed over the past few decades.The objective of the present study is to summarize the status and development in theories,test apparatuses,data processing of the existing testing methods for UCS measurement.It starts with elaborating the theories of these test methods.Then the test apparatus and development trends for UCS measurement are summarized,followed by a discussion on rock specimens for test apparatus,and data processing methods.Next,the method selection for UCS measurement is recommended.It reveals that the rock failure mechanism in the UCS testing methods can be divided into compression-shear,compression-tension,composite failure mode,and no obvious failure mode.The trends of these apparatuses are towards automation,digitization,precision,and multi-modal test.Two size correction methods are commonly used.One is to develop empirical correlation between the measured indices and the specimen size.The other is to use a standard specimen to calculate the size correction factor.Three to five input parameters are commonly utilized in soft computation models to predict the UCS of rocks.The selection of the test methods for the UCS measurement can be carried out according to the testing scenario and the specimen size.The engineers can gain a comprehensive understanding of the UCS testing methods and its potential developments in various rock engineering endeavors.展开更多
Objectives:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)presents a major treatment challenge due to its aggressive behavior.The dysfunction of the Golgi apparatus(GA)contributes to the development of various cancers.This study ...Objectives:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)presents a major treatment challenge due to its aggressive behavior.The dysfunction of the Golgi apparatus(GA)contributes to the development of various cancers.This study aimed to utilize GA-related genes(GARGs)to forecast the prognosis and immune profile of TNBC.Methods:The data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database,including 175 TNBC and 99 healthy samples.The differentially expressed GARGs(DEGARGs)were analyzed using the TCGA biolinks package.The patients with TNBC were classified into two clusters utilizing the ConsensusClusterPlus package according to prognosis-related DEGARGs,followed by comparing the differences in prognosis and immune infiltration between the two clusters.Next,LASSO and stepwise Cox regression were applied to establish a GARGs signature to forecast the TNBC prognosis.The association of the GARGs signature with immune infiltrates and drug sensitivity was further explored.Results:In total,430 DEGARGs were identified between TNBC and healthy samples,among which 20 were related to TNBC prognosis.Two GARG-related molecular clusters associated with different survival times and immune heterogeneity were identified.A risk model for TNBC was established based on six GARGs,and the high-risk(HR)group exhibited a poor prognosis.The HR group demonstrated a distinctly high M2 macrophage infiltration and low M1 macrophage infiltration,which contributed to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and thus led to poor prognosis of the HR group.Immune dysfunction scores and programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1)expression were substantially elevated in the HR group.The HR group showed increased sensitivity to anticancer drugs,such as cisplatin.Conclusion:Our findings suggest that GARGs are involved in the pathogenesis of TNBC and provide new insights into prognostic prediction.The identified clusters and GARGs signatures have the potential to guide individualized therapy.展开更多
文摘Huayi Elec. Apparatus Group Co, Ltd. (HEAG), China, is a manufacturer of H.V. & L.V. switchgear equipments appointed by state, a certified enterprise of ISO9001 Quality Assurance System, the Golden Customer of the Agriculture Bank of China in Zhejiang province, National Advanced Unit of Science and Technology, High and New Technology Enterprise in Zhejiang province, etc., which mainly produces the complete set of equipment, Distribution
文摘Huayi Elec. Apparatus Group Co, Ltd. (HEAG), China, is a manufacturer of H.V. & L.V. switchgear equipmentsappointed by state, a certified enterprise of ISO9001 Quality Assurance System, the Golden Customer of the AgricultureBank of China in Zhejiang province, National Advanced Unit of Science and Technology, High and New TechnologyEnterprise in Zhejiang province, etc., which mainly produces the complete set of equipment, Distribution AutomaticSwitches under 35kV and their terminal devices, H.V. components for switchgear, electronic watt-hour meter etc.All the leading products have been selected in 【Catalogue of the Recommended Enterprises for Two Networks’
文摘Cell function has a tight relationship with cell architecture.Distribution of proteins to the correct compartment is one of the functions of the traffic pathway through the Golgi apparatus.The others are to ensure proper protein folding,the addition of post-translational modifications,and delivering to intracellular and extracellular destinations.Astrocytes are fundamental homeostatic cells,controlling multiple aspects of the central nervous system physiology,such as ion balance,nutrients,blood flow,neurotransmitters,and responses to insults.Astrocytes are polarized cells,and,such as neurons,extensively use the secretory pathway for secreting factors and exposing functional receptors,channels,and transporters on the plasma membrane.In this review,we will underline the importance of studying the Golgi apparatus and the secretory pathway in astrocytes,based on the possible tight connection between the Golgi apparatus and astrocytes’homeostatic function.Given the topic of this review,we will provide examples mostly about the Golgi apparatus structure,function,localization,and its involvement in astrocytes’homeostatic response,with an insight into congenital glycosylation disorders,as an example of a potential future field in the study of astrocyte homeostatic failure and Golgi apparatus alteration.
文摘随着城市空中交通(Urban Air Mobility,UAM)商业化运输的兴起,简化飞行操纵(SVO)的概念被引入航空器设计,旨在简化操作流程以适应未来运输需求。然而,基于SVO设计的电动垂直起降飞行器(eVTOL)是否满足适航性条件,以及其操纵界面是否符合人机交互的友好性标准,目前尚存在不确定性。为了解决这一问题,对基于简化操纵设计的eVTOL进行了任务科目基元(MTE)的实验,以评估其操纵品质。实验共招募了20名被试人员,通过库珀-哈珀量表收集了他们对eVTOL操纵品质的主观评分,并进行了半结构化访谈,同时记录了他们的眼动数据和肌电数据。本研究在结合主观评估和可解释的手工特征的基础上,提出了基于格拉米角场法和卷积神经网络的操纵品质评估模型。研究结果表明,不良的操纵界面设计显著影响了参与者的肌电信号和眼动信号。基于此结论设计的卷积神经网络模型能够以93.67%的准确率评估eVTOL的操纵品质。研究不仅为航空器操纵品质的提供了更为客观的新视角,而且为未来简化操纵eVTOL的设计提供了重要的改进依据。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82171599 and No.32270901)the National Key Research and Developmental Program of China(2022YFC2702601 and 2022YFA0806303)the Global Select Project(DJKLX-2022010)of the Institute of Health and Medicine,Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center.
文摘Male infertility can result from impaired sperm motility caused by multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagella(MMAF).Distinct projections encircling the central microtubules of the spermatozoal axoneme play pivotal roles in flagellar bending and spermatozoal movement.Mammalian sperm-associated antigen 17(SPAG17)encodes a conserved axonemal protein of cilia and flagella,forming part of the C1a projection of the central apparatus,with functions related to ciliary/flagellar motility,skeletal growth,and male fertility.This study investigated two novel homozygous SPAG17 mutations(M1:NM_206996.2,c.829+1G>T,p.Asp212_Glu276del;and M2:c.2120del,p.Leu707*)identified in four infertile patients from two consanguineous Pakistani families.These patients displayed the MMAF phenotype confirmed by Papanicolaou staining and scanning electron microscopy assays of spermatozoa.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)of patients’spermatozoa also revealed a significant decrease in SPAG17 mRNA expression,and immunofluorescence staining showed the absence of SPAG17 protein signals along the flagella.However,no apparent ciliary-related symptoms or skeletal malformations were observed in the chest X-rays of any of the patients.Transmission electron microscopy of axoneme cross-sections from the patients showed incomplete C1a projection and a higher frequency of missing microtubule doublets 1 and 9 compared with those from fertile controls.Immunofluorescence staining and Western blot analyses of spermatogenesis-associated protein 17(SPATA17),a component of the C1a projection,and sperm-associated antigen 6(SPAG6),a marker of the spring layer,revealed disrupted expression of both proteins in the patients’spermatozoa.Altogether,these findings demonstrated that SPAG17 maintains the integrity of spermatozoal flagellar axoneme,expanding the phenotypic spectrum of SPAG17 mutations in humans.
文摘This study investigates the influence of date palm fibers(DPF)on the mechanical performance of bituminous mixtures using two experimental methodologies:the wet and dry processes.In the wet process,DPFs were pre-blended with bitumen at varying contents ranging from 1%to 5%by weight,prior to mixing with aggregates.The resulting mixtures were evaluated based on several key performance indicators,including Marshall stability,creep resistance,compactness,and water sensitivity.The inclusion of fibers generally enhanced mechanical properties,with optimal improvements observed at 2%to 4%fiber content.Notably,the mixture with 3%DPF content demonstrated a 35.7%increase in Marshall stability,while the lowest compactness reduction(−1.9%)occurred at 1%fiber addition.In the dry process,the effects of both fiber length(1 cm,3 cm,and 5 cm)and fiber content(0.1%to 0.5%)were examined,focusing specifically on rutting and creep resistance.The results showed that 3 cm fibers significantly improved rutting resistance,whereas the 0.1%fiber content yielded the highest enhancement in creep resistance.However,no clear correlation was established between the two performance metrics,suggesting that the mechanical response is highly deformation-dependent.Overall,the addition of DPF contributed to improved durability,strength,and resistance to deformation in asphalt mixtures.The findings underscore the potential of date palm fibers as a sustainable,low-cost,and environmentally friendly additive in pavement engineering,particularly in regions where palm waste is readily available and underutilized.
文摘The Ilizarov apparatus was designed by its author 75 years ago and addresses a wide range of orthopedic conditions.Its classical assemblies are still self-sufficient and versatile.However,certain clinical scenarios require a more specialized approach,and some groups of patients may benefit from customized Ilizarov constructs.Engineering science has designed various external fixators for orthopedic purposes,and some of those have become the gold standard for specific clinical tasks.We aimed to determine the current state and novel modifications of specialized external fixators for specific clinical situations which are based on the principles of the Ilizarov method.They are half-pin-based fixators for temporal fracture fixation,ring or hybrid devices for gradual deformity correction,and compression-distraction devices tailored for definite limb segments.Gradual correction of deformities can be achieved with external hexapods incorporating universal reduction units.Alternatively,external fixators with special connection mechanisms are able to provide independent movement of the rings in six degrees of freedom.Deformity correction can be performed with combined or sequential use of external and internal fixators.Special devices were developed for moving the split fragment for revascularization of the tibia.The units of external frames on the foot were modified to consider its complex anatomy and the clinical needs ranging from correction of multi-plane deformities,joint arthrodesis to distraction arthroplasty.Mini-fixators are compact external fixators for small bones of the hand and foot.The varieties of external fixators based on the Ilizarov principles have been designed to fulfill an ultimate goal of improving treatment outcomes.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52308403 and 52079068)the Yunlong Lake Laboratory of Deep Underground Science and Engineering(No.104023005)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2023M731998)for funding provided to this work.
文摘The uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)of rocks is a vital geomechanical parameter widely used for rock mass classification,stability analysis,and engineering design in rock engineering.Various UCS testing methods and apparatuses have been proposed over the past few decades.The objective of the present study is to summarize the status and development in theories,test apparatuses,data processing of the existing testing methods for UCS measurement.It starts with elaborating the theories of these test methods.Then the test apparatus and development trends for UCS measurement are summarized,followed by a discussion on rock specimens for test apparatus,and data processing methods.Next,the method selection for UCS measurement is recommended.It reveals that the rock failure mechanism in the UCS testing methods can be divided into compression-shear,compression-tension,composite failure mode,and no obvious failure mode.The trends of these apparatuses are towards automation,digitization,precision,and multi-modal test.Two size correction methods are commonly used.One is to develop empirical correlation between the measured indices and the specimen size.The other is to use a standard specimen to calculate the size correction factor.Three to five input parameters are commonly utilized in soft computation models to predict the UCS of rocks.The selection of the test methods for the UCS measurement can be carried out according to the testing scenario and the specimen size.The engineers can gain a comprehensive understanding of the UCS testing methods and its potential developments in various rock engineering endeavors.
文摘Objectives:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)presents a major treatment challenge due to its aggressive behavior.The dysfunction of the Golgi apparatus(GA)contributes to the development of various cancers.This study aimed to utilize GA-related genes(GARGs)to forecast the prognosis and immune profile of TNBC.Methods:The data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database,including 175 TNBC and 99 healthy samples.The differentially expressed GARGs(DEGARGs)were analyzed using the TCGA biolinks package.The patients with TNBC were classified into two clusters utilizing the ConsensusClusterPlus package according to prognosis-related DEGARGs,followed by comparing the differences in prognosis and immune infiltration between the two clusters.Next,LASSO and stepwise Cox regression were applied to establish a GARGs signature to forecast the TNBC prognosis.The association of the GARGs signature with immune infiltrates and drug sensitivity was further explored.Results:In total,430 DEGARGs were identified between TNBC and healthy samples,among which 20 were related to TNBC prognosis.Two GARG-related molecular clusters associated with different survival times and immune heterogeneity were identified.A risk model for TNBC was established based on six GARGs,and the high-risk(HR)group exhibited a poor prognosis.The HR group demonstrated a distinctly high M2 macrophage infiltration and low M1 macrophage infiltration,which contributed to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and thus led to poor prognosis of the HR group.Immune dysfunction scores and programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1)expression were substantially elevated in the HR group.The HR group showed increased sensitivity to anticancer drugs,such as cisplatin.Conclusion:Our findings suggest that GARGs are involved in the pathogenesis of TNBC and provide new insights into prognostic prediction.The identified clusters and GARGs signatures have the potential to guide individualized therapy.
