Fluorescent nanoparticles offer promising applications for bioimaging due to their exceptional attributes,including heightened fluorescence brightness and prolonged photo-stability,surpassing those of traditional fluo...Fluorescent nanoparticles offer promising applications for bioimaging due to their exceptional attributes,including heightened fluorescence brightness and prolonged photo-stability,surpassing those of traditional fluorescent dyes.However,the selection of suitable materials and surface functionalization strategies for the synthesis of efficient fluorescent nanoparticles remains a significant challenge in this field.Here,we report a facile synthesis method of fluorescent nanoparticles,which is rationally designed by coating polydopamine(PDA)on eutectic Gallium-Indium(EGaIn,a liquid metal(LM))under ultrasonic waves to prepare the fluorescent PDA/LM nanoparticles.The fluorescence intensity of the PDA/LM nanoparticles is eightfold greater than that of the pristine PDA nanoparticles and can be quenched by Pb^(2+).It demonstrates that the PDA/LM nanoparticles exhibit superior analytical performance for Pb^(2+)over a linear range from 10 to 100μg/L,with a detection limit of 3μg/L.This probe can be used to detect Pb^(2+)in different vessels.展开更多
Nanodroplets of Gallium-Based Liquid Metal(LM)have applications in stretchable electronics,electrochemical sensors,energy storage,hyperthermia,and rapid polymerization.The gallium oxide layer around LMNDs prevents agg...Nanodroplets of Gallium-Based Liquid Metal(LM)have applications in stretchable electronics,electrochemical sensors,energy storage,hyperthermia,and rapid polymerization.The gallium oxide layer around LMNDs prevents aggregation.However,LM nanodroplets(LMNDs)are neither mechanically nor chemically stable.The ultrathin oxide layer ruptures under slight pressure,hindering their use in stretchable electronics.The shell also dissolves in slightly acidic/alkaline solutions,making them unstable for energy storage and electrochemical sensing.We demonstrate the synthesis of a dry LM powder with an LM core and a reduced graphene oxide shell.Graphene oxide provides excellent mechanical and chemical stability and permits electrical conductivity.Its porous structure does not block ion exchange between the LM droplets and the environment,allowing LMNDs to be used in energy storage and electrochemical sensing.The resulting EGaIn powders benefit from higher surface and long-term stability,addressing LMND limitations.We report using GO@EGaIn nanocomposite as an anode for alkali-ion batteries in a novel Ag-EGaIn cell with impressive energy storage capacity.The combination of liquid deformability of LMNDs,higher surface area in the nano form,and the stability of GO@EGaIn dry powder expands the applications of liquid metals in electronics and energy storage.展开更多
Green solvents such as water and ionic liquids(ILs)are pillars of the great mansion of green chemistry and green processing.Initially proposed as a new family of ILs,deep eutectic solvents(DESs)have received fast deve...Green solvents such as water and ionic liquids(ILs)are pillars of the great mansion of green chemistry and green processing.Initially proposed as a new family of ILs,deep eutectic solvents(DESs)have received fast development in the past two decades.In this contribution,DESs are reviewed critically and the concept is extended to lowmelting mixture solvents(Lo MMSs),which cover all kinds of materials including ionic compounds,molecular compounds,and metals.Six classes of Lo MMSs are proposed as the new classification system and examples are given.Finally,several thermodynamic issues concerning Lo MMSs are discussed.Two new concepts,robustness of Lo MMSs and high-entropy Lo MMSs,are proposed.展开更多
The field of stretchable electronics mainly includes electronic products conformal with tissues,being integrated into skin or clothing.Since these products need to work during deformation,their requirements for materi...The field of stretchable electronics mainly includes electronic products conformal with tissues,being integrated into skin or clothing.Since these products need to work during deformation,their requirements for materials focus on stretchability and conductivity.Liquid metals are excellent materials with these properties.However,liquid metals have extremely high surface tension at room temperature,which will spontaneously form a spherical shape and are difficult to form the shape required by stretchable devices,which is the biggest obstacle to their development in this emerging field.Therefore,the emphasis is placed on the principle of overcoming the high surface tension in this review,and various methods of using liquid metals to fabricate stretchable electronic devices based on these principles have been linked.Liquid metals show promise in the convenience of sensing,energy harvesting,etc.The existing challenges and opportunities are also discussed here.展开更多
The liquid metals exhibit both the properties of liquids and metals and have a low melting point near room temperature.As a lowcost and easy-to-obtain flexible substrate,paper has significant advantages for large-area...The liquid metals exhibit both the properties of liquids and metals and have a low melting point near room temperature.As a lowcost and easy-to-obtain flexible substrate,paper has significant advantages for large-area and multilayer flexible circuit fabrication.This has led to a growing interest in liquid metal-based paper electronics among both scientists and industry.In order to promote the development and application of liquid metal-based paper electronics,this review will summarize and analyze the progress from three perspectives,including liquid metal inks,printing methods,and their applications.A variety of liquid metalbased electronic inks are introduced,and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed.Then,a comparison of typical fabrication methods has been presented,including chemical interaction-based selective adhesion and surface roughness-based transfer printing.A number of emerging applications used and expected to be applied to liquid metal-based paper electronics have been demonstrated.Finally,paper electronics based on liquid metals are discussed along with their challenges and opportunities for the further development.In the future,further investigations and applications of paper electronics based on liquid metals are expected.展开更多
Nanoporous metals show promising performances in electrochemical catalysis.In this paper,we report a self-supporting bimetallic porous heterogeneous indium/copper structure synthesized with a eutectic gallium-indium(E...Nanoporous metals show promising performances in electrochemical catalysis.In this paper,we report a self-supporting bimetallic porous heterogeneous indium/copper structure synthesized with a eutectic gallium-indium(EGaIn)material on a copper substrate.This nanoporous copper-indium heterostructure catalyst exhibits excellent performance in the reduction of carbon dioxide to syngas.The ratio of H_(2)/CO is tunable from 0.47 to 2.0 by changing working potentials.The catalyst is highly stable,showing 96%maintenance of the current density after a 70-h continuous test.Density functional theory calculations reveal that the indium/copper interface induces charge redistribution within the copper surface,leading to the formation of two distinct active sites,namely,Cu^(δ)and Cu0,and enabling a high-performance generation of CO and H_(2).This work provides a new strategy for obtaining self-supporting nanoporous metal electrode catalysts.展开更多
Achieving high performance in molecular scale diode devices remains a formidable challenge due to the complexity of the charge transport process and the difficulty in device structure modulation.Herein,we demonstrated...Achieving high performance in molecular scale diode devices remains a formidable challenge due to the complexity of the charge transport process and the difficulty in device structure modulation.Herein,we demonstrated a low-cost and fast screening strategy to search for proper electroactive units and construct high performance self-assembled monolayer(SAM)-based molecular diodes.The strategy is based on off-the-shelf carboxylate-terminated alkane thiols and simple carboxylate-metal ion complexes,structures denoted as Au-S-(CH2)n-1COO−Mm+(Cn+Mm+),where n=11,12,13,14,16,18,and Mm+=Ca^(2+),Mn^(2+),Fe_(2)+,Fe3+,Co^(2+),Ni^(2+),Cu^(2+),and Zn^(2+),as the library of functional SAM layers on gold substrate.Combing the fast screening measurements using a eutectic indium-gallium alloy top contact(EGaIn),C18+Ca^(2+)and C18+Zn^(2+)structures were found to afford record high rectification ratio(RR)>700 at±1.5 V.Theoretical analysis based on a single level tunneling model shows that the C18+Ca^(2+)and C18+Zn^(2+)devices possessed an optimized combination of asymmetric voltage division,energy offset,and coupling of carboxylate-metal complexes with the electrode.This newly developed method represents a general strategy for fast,inexpensive,and effective exploration of the functional metal complex chemical space,and can largely accelerate the development of practical high performance molecular diode devices.展开更多
基金supported by the Open Foundation,Key Laboratory of Forensic Marks,Ministry of Public Security of China(2021FMKFKT04)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22176221)Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(CAFS 2024XT09)。
文摘Fluorescent nanoparticles offer promising applications for bioimaging due to their exceptional attributes,including heightened fluorescence brightness and prolonged photo-stability,surpassing those of traditional fluorescent dyes.However,the selection of suitable materials and surface functionalization strategies for the synthesis of efficient fluorescent nanoparticles remains a significant challenge in this field.Here,we report a facile synthesis method of fluorescent nanoparticles,which is rationally designed by coating polydopamine(PDA)on eutectic Gallium-Indium(EGaIn,a liquid metal(LM))under ultrasonic waves to prepare the fluorescent PDA/LM nanoparticles.The fluorescence intensity of the PDA/LM nanoparticles is eightfold greater than that of the pristine PDA nanoparticles and can be quenched by Pb^(2+).It demonstrates that the PDA/LM nanoparticles exhibit superior analytical performance for Pb^(2+)over a linear range from 10 to 100μg/L,with a detection limit of 3μg/L.This probe can be used to detect Pb^(2+)in different vessels.
基金supported by the European Research Council,ERC project Liquid3D,grant number 101045072Access to the TAIL-UC facility,funded under the QREN-Mais Centro project ICT_2009_02_012_1890,is gratefully acknowledged+1 种基金the Foundation for Science and Technology(FCT)for support provided through the Concurso Estímulo ao Emprego Científico Individual,6th edition(reference 2023.08684.CEECIND)Support came as well from the projects Future Packaging,“Embalagem do Futuro”,Supported by the Portuguese Recovery and Resilience Plan(PRR)and the Next Generation EU European Funds,Green Agenda for Industrial Sector project 59.
文摘Nanodroplets of Gallium-Based Liquid Metal(LM)have applications in stretchable electronics,electrochemical sensors,energy storage,hyperthermia,and rapid polymerization.The gallium oxide layer around LMNDs prevents aggregation.However,LM nanodroplets(LMNDs)are neither mechanically nor chemically stable.The ultrathin oxide layer ruptures under slight pressure,hindering their use in stretchable electronics.The shell also dissolves in slightly acidic/alkaline solutions,making them unstable for energy storage and electrochemical sensing.We demonstrate the synthesis of a dry LM powder with an LM core and a reduced graphene oxide shell.Graphene oxide provides excellent mechanical and chemical stability and permits electrical conductivity.Its porous structure does not block ion exchange between the LM droplets and the environment,allowing LMNDs to be used in energy storage and electrochemical sensing.The resulting EGaIn powders benefit from higher surface and long-term stability,addressing LMND limitations.We report using GO@EGaIn nanocomposite as an anode for alkali-ion batteries in a novel Ag-EGaIn cell with impressive energy storage capacity.The combination of liquid deformability of LMNDs,higher surface area in the nano form,and the stability of GO@EGaIn dry powder expands the applications of liquid metals in electronics and energy storage.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22233006)
文摘Green solvents such as water and ionic liquids(ILs)are pillars of the great mansion of green chemistry and green processing.Initially proposed as a new family of ILs,deep eutectic solvents(DESs)have received fast development in the past two decades.In this contribution,DESs are reviewed critically and the concept is extended to lowmelting mixture solvents(Lo MMSs),which cover all kinds of materials including ionic compounds,molecular compounds,and metals.Six classes of Lo MMSs are proposed as the new classification system and examples are given.Finally,several thermodynamic issues concerning Lo MMSs are discussed.Two new concepts,robustness of Lo MMSs and high-entropy Lo MMSs,are proposed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52173237 and 51903068)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province,China(YQ2020E001)。
文摘The field of stretchable electronics mainly includes electronic products conformal with tissues,being integrated into skin or clothing.Since these products need to work during deformation,their requirements for materials focus on stretchability and conductivity.Liquid metals are excellent materials with these properties.However,liquid metals have extremely high surface tension at room temperature,which will spontaneously form a spherical shape and are difficult to form the shape required by stretchable devices,which is the biggest obstacle to their development in this emerging field.Therefore,the emphasis is placed on the principle of overcoming the high surface tension in this review,and various methods of using liquid metals to fabricate stretchable electronic devices based on these principles have been linked.Liquid metals show promise in the convenience of sensing,energy harvesting,etc.The existing challenges and opportunities are also discussed here.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.2022C04004)。
文摘The liquid metals exhibit both the properties of liquids and metals and have a low melting point near room temperature.As a lowcost and easy-to-obtain flexible substrate,paper has significant advantages for large-area and multilayer flexible circuit fabrication.This has led to a growing interest in liquid metal-based paper electronics among both scientists and industry.In order to promote the development and application of liquid metal-based paper electronics,this review will summarize and analyze the progress from three perspectives,including liquid metal inks,printing methods,and their applications.A variety of liquid metalbased electronic inks are introduced,and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed.Then,a comparison of typical fabrication methods has been presented,including chemical interaction-based selective adhesion and surface roughness-based transfer printing.A number of emerging applications used and expected to be applied to liquid metal-based paper electronics have been demonstrated.Finally,paper electronics based on liquid metals are discussed along with their challenges and opportunities for the further development.In the future,further investigations and applications of paper electronics based on liquid metals are expected.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51872116 and 12034002)the Project for Self-Innovation Capability Construction of Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission(2021C026)+2 种基金the Program for JLU Science and Technology Innovative Research Team(JLUSTIRT-2017TD-09)the Science and Technology Development Program of Jilin Province(20190201233JC)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.The work was carried out at LvLiang Cloud Computing Center of China,and the calculations were performed on TianHe-2.
文摘Nanoporous metals show promising performances in electrochemical catalysis.In this paper,we report a self-supporting bimetallic porous heterogeneous indium/copper structure synthesized with a eutectic gallium-indium(EGaIn)material on a copper substrate.This nanoporous copper-indium heterostructure catalyst exhibits excellent performance in the reduction of carbon dioxide to syngas.The ratio of H_(2)/CO is tunable from 0.47 to 2.0 by changing working potentials.The catalyst is highly stable,showing 96%maintenance of the current density after a 70-h continuous test.Density functional theory calculations reveal that the indium/copper interface induces charge redistribution within the copper surface,leading to the formation of two distinct active sites,namely,Cu^(δ)and Cu0,and enabling a high-performance generation of CO and H_(2).This work provides a new strategy for obtaining self-supporting nanoporous metal electrode catalysts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.21973069 and 21773169)the National Key R&D Program(grant nos.2017YFA0204503 and 2016YFB0401100)+1 种基金the PEIYANG Young Scholars Program of Tianjin University(grant no.2018XRX-0007)the Industry-University-Research Cooperation Program of Tianjin University and Qinghai Nationalities University(grant no.2021XZC-0064).
文摘Achieving high performance in molecular scale diode devices remains a formidable challenge due to the complexity of the charge transport process and the difficulty in device structure modulation.Herein,we demonstrated a low-cost and fast screening strategy to search for proper electroactive units and construct high performance self-assembled monolayer(SAM)-based molecular diodes.The strategy is based on off-the-shelf carboxylate-terminated alkane thiols and simple carboxylate-metal ion complexes,structures denoted as Au-S-(CH2)n-1COO−Mm+(Cn+Mm+),where n=11,12,13,14,16,18,and Mm+=Ca^(2+),Mn^(2+),Fe_(2)+,Fe3+,Co^(2+),Ni^(2+),Cu^(2+),and Zn^(2+),as the library of functional SAM layers on gold substrate.Combing the fast screening measurements using a eutectic indium-gallium alloy top contact(EGaIn),C18+Ca^(2+)and C18+Zn^(2+)structures were found to afford record high rectification ratio(RR)>700 at±1.5 V.Theoretical analysis based on a single level tunneling model shows that the C18+Ca^(2+)and C18+Zn^(2+)devices possessed an optimized combination of asymmetric voltage division,energy offset,and coupling of carboxylate-metal complexes with the electrode.This newly developed method represents a general strategy for fast,inexpensive,and effective exploration of the functional metal complex chemical space,and can largely accelerate the development of practical high performance molecular diode devices.
