The quality control,validation and verification of the European Flood Alert System(EFAS)are described.EFAS is designed as a flood early warning system at pan-European scale,to complement national systems and provide f...The quality control,validation and verification of the European Flood Alert System(EFAS)are described.EFAS is designed as a flood early warning system at pan-European scale,to complement national systems and provide flood warnings more than 2 days before a flood.On average 2030 alerts per year are sent out to the EFAS partner network which consists of 24 National hydrological authorities responsible for transnational river basins.Quality control of the system includes the evaluation of the hits,misses and false alarms,showing that EFAS has more than 50%of the time hits.Furthermore,the skills of both the meteorological as well as the hydrological forecasts are evaluated,and are included here for a 10-year period.Next,end-user needs and feedback are systematically analysed.Suggested improvements,such as real-time river discharge updating,are currently implemented.展开更多
Burnout is an escalating global occupational health challenge,requiring valid and reliable assessment tools.This study validates the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory(CBI)for assessing burnout among Sudanese workers in the...Burnout is an escalating global occupational health challenge,requiring valid and reliable assessment tools.This study validates the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory(CBI)for assessing burnout among Sudanese workers in the education,healthcare,and banking sectors,where burnout prevalence is high.Utilizing the 19-item CBI,translated into Arabic,the study measured burnout across three dimensions:Personal Burnout(PB),Work-related Burnout(WB),and Client-related Burnout(CB).A total of 1068 participants were surveyed,including 438 teachers(41%),326 healthcare workers(30.5%),and 304 bank employees(28.5%).Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses confirmed the construct validity of the CBI,while concurrent validity was supported through moderate to high correlations with the Maslach Burnout Inventory(MBI)domains,except for a weak correlation between Depersonalization and PB/WB.Reliability was established through Cronbach’s Alpha(α),McDonald’s Omega(ω),Composite Reliability(CR),Average Variance Extracted(AVE),and discriminant validity,all of which were satisfactory across the three groups.The study resulted in two final versions of the CBI:a 17-item version for healthcare workers and a 19-item version for teachers and bank employees.Both versions are available in Arabic,and stakeholders are recommended to use the CBI tailored to each sector’s specific psychometric properties.This tailored approach ensures accurate measurement of burnout,aiding psychologists,therapists,and policymakers in addressing and mitigating burnout effectively within each professional group.展开更多
文摘The quality control,validation and verification of the European Flood Alert System(EFAS)are described.EFAS is designed as a flood early warning system at pan-European scale,to complement national systems and provide flood warnings more than 2 days before a flood.On average 2030 alerts per year are sent out to the EFAS partner network which consists of 24 National hydrological authorities responsible for transnational river basins.Quality control of the system includes the evaluation of the hits,misses and false alarms,showing that EFAS has more than 50%of the time hits.Furthermore,the skills of both the meteorological as well as the hydrological forecasts are evaluated,and are included here for a 10-year period.Next,end-user needs and feedback are systematically analysed.Suggested improvements,such as real-time river discharge updating,are currently implemented.
基金funded by King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia,grant number(ORFFT-2025-136-1).
文摘Burnout is an escalating global occupational health challenge,requiring valid and reliable assessment tools.This study validates the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory(CBI)for assessing burnout among Sudanese workers in the education,healthcare,and banking sectors,where burnout prevalence is high.Utilizing the 19-item CBI,translated into Arabic,the study measured burnout across three dimensions:Personal Burnout(PB),Work-related Burnout(WB),and Client-related Burnout(CB).A total of 1068 participants were surveyed,including 438 teachers(41%),326 healthcare workers(30.5%),and 304 bank employees(28.5%).Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses confirmed the construct validity of the CBI,while concurrent validity was supported through moderate to high correlations with the Maslach Burnout Inventory(MBI)domains,except for a weak correlation between Depersonalization and PB/WB.Reliability was established through Cronbach’s Alpha(α),McDonald’s Omega(ω),Composite Reliability(CR),Average Variance Extracted(AVE),and discriminant validity,all of which were satisfactory across the three groups.The study resulted in two final versions of the CBI:a 17-item version for healthcare workers and a 19-item version for teachers and bank employees.Both versions are available in Arabic,and stakeholders are recommended to use the CBI tailored to each sector’s specific psychometric properties.This tailored approach ensures accurate measurement of burnout,aiding psychologists,therapists,and policymakers in addressing and mitigating burnout effectively within each professional group.
