Marbling, defined by the amount and the distribution of intramuscular fat and measured as beef marbling score (BMS), is an economically important trait of beef cattle in Japan. We recently reported that a single nucle...Marbling, defined by the amount and the distribution of intramuscular fat and measured as beef marbling score (BMS), is an economically important trait of beef cattle in Japan. We recently reported that a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), namely, c.-312A > G, in the endothelial differentiation sphingolipid G-proteincoupled receptor, 1 (EDG1) gene was associated with the BMS level in the Japanese Black beef cattle population of Oita prefecture, with the G allele being associated with a high level of the BMS. Thus, the c.-312A > G SNP seems to be a candidate marker for marker-assisted selection. In this study, we investigated whether this association could be replicated in the Japanese Black beef cattle population of Niigata prefecture and analyzed the effect of the SNP genotypes on the carcass traits other than the BMS. No significant differences in the BMS level were detected among the genotypes of the c.-312A > G SNP in the Niigata Japanese Black beef cattle population. The SNP genotype had no significant effects on the carcass weight, rib eye area and rib thickness of the cattle population. These findings suggested that the association of the c.-312A > G SNP with the BMS level in the Japanese Black beef cattle population was not replicated in the Niigata population, and revealed no effects of the SNP genotype on the beef productivity in the Niigata population. Thus, we concluded that the c.-312A > G SNP is not useful for effective marker-assisted selection to increase meat quality and, additionally, meat productivity in Japanese Black beef cattle of Niigata prefecture.展开更多
The measurement on radial profile of electrostatic Reynolds stress, plasma poloidal rotations, radial and poloidal electric field have been performed in the plasma boundary region of the HL-IM Tokamak using a multi-ar...The measurement on radial profile of electrostatic Reynolds stress, plasma poloidal rotations, radial and poloidal electric field have been performed in the plasma boundary region of the HL-IM Tokamak using a multi-array of Mach/Langmuir probes. In the experiments of Lower Hybrid Current Drive (LHCD), Supersonic Molecular Beam injection (SMBI), Multi-shot Pellet Injection (MPI) and Neutral Beam injection (NBI), the correlation between the Reynolds stress and poloidal flow in the edge plasma is presented. The results indicate that a sheared poloidal flow can be generated in Tokamak plasma due to radially varying Reynolds stress.展开更多
This paper describes a Mach/Langmuir probe array with five pins and six pins, which can measure not only parallel flows and the flow perpendicular to the magnetic field but also the radial and the poloidal electric fi...This paper describes a Mach/Langmuir probe array with five pins and six pins, which can measure not only parallel flows and the flow perpendicular to the magnetic field but also the radial and the poloidal electric field E. arid E as well. Experimental measurements of the edge fluctuations, velocities of the toroidal, the poloidal flow and electric field have been carried out on both of SOL and the boundary region of HL-1M for Ohmic, biased H-mode, Lower Hybrid Current Drive (LHCD), Supersonic Molecular Beam Injection (MBI), Multi-shot Pellet Injection (MPI), Neutral Beam Injection (NBI), Ion Cyclotron Resonance Heating (ICRH) and Electric Cyclotron Resonance Heating (ECRH) discharges. The results show that the suppressions of the fluctuations are related to poloidal rotations produced by different discharge modes in the improved particle confinement property, simultaneously the change of the radial and poloidal electric field is generated and becomes more negative at the Tokamak plasma edge, and the sheared poloidal flow is related to the reduction in fluctuation level, and the poloidal velocity is mainly dominated by the E × B drift.展开更多
Knowledge is one of the most important elements in production and the first resource in enterprise. By introducing knowledge to decision making, this paper presents a kind of know1edge decision- making model (KDM for ...Knowledge is one of the most important elements in production and the first resource in enterprise. By introducing knowledge to decision making, this paper presents a kind of know1edge decision- making model (KDM for short) based on generalized computing.展开更多
When "cut off" continuous and uniform basal plane of two-dimensional(2D)materials,edges appear at cross-sections.Such edges with unique one-dimensional(1D)structures and bound-states significantly alter mate...When "cut off" continuous and uniform basal plane of two-dimensional(2D)materials,edges appear at cross-sections.Such edges with unique one-dimensional(1D)structures and bound-states significantly alter materials’local chemical activities and have been extensively investigated as model platforms for investigating structure–property–performance relationships for chemistry.Many interesting phenomena have been discovered in the past decades,highlighting the importance of interactions between active species and edge atoms at the atomic level and making 1D edges as emerging catalysts with high efficiency,promising candidates for battery and electrochemical contacts.Here,this review focuses on the recent progress of edge synthesis and structural engineering methods,understanding of edge structure–activity mechanisms,and potential applications using edge sites.Challenges and prospects are also envisioned.展开更多
文摘Marbling, defined by the amount and the distribution of intramuscular fat and measured as beef marbling score (BMS), is an economically important trait of beef cattle in Japan. We recently reported that a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), namely, c.-312A > G, in the endothelial differentiation sphingolipid G-proteincoupled receptor, 1 (EDG1) gene was associated with the BMS level in the Japanese Black beef cattle population of Oita prefecture, with the G allele being associated with a high level of the BMS. Thus, the c.-312A > G SNP seems to be a candidate marker for marker-assisted selection. In this study, we investigated whether this association could be replicated in the Japanese Black beef cattle population of Niigata prefecture and analyzed the effect of the SNP genotypes on the carcass traits other than the BMS. No significant differences in the BMS level were detected among the genotypes of the c.-312A > G SNP in the Niigata Japanese Black beef cattle population. The SNP genotype had no significant effects on the carcass weight, rib eye area and rib thickness of the cattle population. These findings suggested that the association of the c.-312A > G SNP with the BMS level in the Japanese Black beef cattle population was not replicated in the Niigata population, and revealed no effects of the SNP genotype on the beef productivity in the Niigata population. Thus, we concluded that the c.-312A > G SNP is not useful for effective marker-assisted selection to increase meat quality and, additionally, meat productivity in Japanese Black beef cattle of Niigata prefecture.
文摘The measurement on radial profile of electrostatic Reynolds stress, plasma poloidal rotations, radial and poloidal electric field have been performed in the plasma boundary region of the HL-IM Tokamak using a multi-array of Mach/Langmuir probes. In the experiments of Lower Hybrid Current Drive (LHCD), Supersonic Molecular Beam injection (SMBI), Multi-shot Pellet Injection (MPI) and Neutral Beam injection (NBI), the correlation between the Reynolds stress and poloidal flow in the edge plasma is presented. The results indicate that a sheared poloidal flow can be generated in Tokamak plasma due to radially varying Reynolds stress.
文摘This paper describes a Mach/Langmuir probe array with five pins and six pins, which can measure not only parallel flows and the flow perpendicular to the magnetic field but also the radial and the poloidal electric field E. arid E as well. Experimental measurements of the edge fluctuations, velocities of the toroidal, the poloidal flow and electric field have been carried out on both of SOL and the boundary region of HL-1M for Ohmic, biased H-mode, Lower Hybrid Current Drive (LHCD), Supersonic Molecular Beam Injection (MBI), Multi-shot Pellet Injection (MPI), Neutral Beam Injection (NBI), Ion Cyclotron Resonance Heating (ICRH) and Electric Cyclotron Resonance Heating (ECRH) discharges. The results show that the suppressions of the fluctuations are related to poloidal rotations produced by different discharge modes in the improved particle confinement property, simultaneously the change of the radial and poloidal electric field is generated and becomes more negative at the Tokamak plasma edge, and the sheared poloidal flow is related to the reduction in fluctuation level, and the poloidal velocity is mainly dominated by the E × B drift.
基金This project is supported by National Nutural Science Foundation of China(79970037)
文摘Knowledge is one of the most important elements in production and the first resource in enterprise. By introducing knowledge to decision making, this paper presents a kind of know1edge decision- making model (KDM for short) based on generalized computing.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2018YFA0306900 and 2018YFA0209500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21872114 and 92163103)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.20720210009).
文摘When "cut off" continuous and uniform basal plane of two-dimensional(2D)materials,edges appear at cross-sections.Such edges with unique one-dimensional(1D)structures and bound-states significantly alter materials’local chemical activities and have been extensively investigated as model platforms for investigating structure–property–performance relationships for chemistry.Many interesting phenomena have been discovered in the past decades,highlighting the importance of interactions between active species and edge atoms at the atomic level and making 1D edges as emerging catalysts with high efficiency,promising candidates for battery and electrochemical contacts.Here,this review focuses on the recent progress of edge synthesis and structural engineering methods,understanding of edge structure–activity mechanisms,and potential applications using edge sites.Challenges and prospects are also envisioned.
