Chongqing Z County E-sports Town was once included in the“first batch of sports and leisure characteristic town pilot project list”issued by the General Administration of Sports of China.After several years of devel...Chongqing Z County E-sports Town was once included in the“first batch of sports and leisure characteristic town pilot project list”issued by the General Administration of Sports of China.After several years of development,the e-sports industry in Z County e-sports town has struggled with issues such as a limited market,low popularity,poor business performance,and a lack of income generation capabilities.These challenges have severely hindered the town’s development,resulting in its exclusion from the recent“Chongqing characteristic town list.”Under the requirements of new policies,it can no longer promote itself,attract investment,or undertake project construction under the name of a“characteristic town”and must undergo redevelopment.This paper employs case analysis and comparative investigation methods to conduct an in-depth empirical study on the development of Z County E-sports Town.It is proposed that under the new policy environment,the town should foster the deep integration of its existing e-sports industry and culture with tourism and agriculture,transforming Z County E-sports Town into a new characteristic tourist destination.The findings of this paper offer a reference for the development of similar towns facing stagnation and provide case support for the construction of tourist destinations featuring e-sports.展开更多
Organophosphorus compounds,widely used as flame retardants and plasticizers in plastic products,present significant health risks due to their potential adverse effects.While inhalation and ingestion are well-studied e...Organophosphorus compounds,widely used as flame retardants and plasticizers in plastic products,present significant health risks due to their potential adverse effects.While inhalation and ingestion are well-studied exposure pathways,dermal exposure remains underexplored.In recent years,the growing popularity of gaming-driven by extended home stays during the COVID-19 pandemic and the inclusion of e-sports in international competitions-has led to prolonged contact with gaming devices,particularly among young people and professional gamers.This study investigates dermal exposure to triphenyl phosphate(TPhP)from 37 home-use video game controllers.TPhP was detected in 5 firstparty and 22 third-party controllers,with concentrations reaching up to 530μg g−1.Using artificial skin(EPISKIN),we measured a TPhP skin permeation rate of 0.42 ng cm^(−2)h^(−1).Monte Carlo simulations were used to estimate daily dermal intake rates;professional gamers(5th percentile−50th percentile−95th percentile,9.0−22−45 ng kg^(−1) day^(−1))and e-sports students(5.3−8.5−18 ng kg−1 day−1)were identified as the most exposed groups due to prolonged gaming sessions.Remarkably,dermal exposure from the controller was found to rival or exceed other pathways,including dust ingestion and inhalation.This study highlights the urgent need for strategies to mitigate dermal exposure risks from gaming devices.展开更多
基金Humanities and Social Sciences Research Planning Fund of the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China“Research on the Application and Improvement of the PPP Model for the Construction of Sports and Leisure Characteristic Towns Based on Value Chain Theory”(Project No.18XJA890002)。
文摘Chongqing Z County E-sports Town was once included in the“first batch of sports and leisure characteristic town pilot project list”issued by the General Administration of Sports of China.After several years of development,the e-sports industry in Z County e-sports town has struggled with issues such as a limited market,low popularity,poor business performance,and a lack of income generation capabilities.These challenges have severely hindered the town’s development,resulting in its exclusion from the recent“Chongqing characteristic town list.”Under the requirements of new policies,it can no longer promote itself,attract investment,or undertake project construction under the name of a“characteristic town”and must undergo redevelopment.This paper employs case analysis and comparative investigation methods to conduct an in-depth empirical study on the development of Z County E-sports Town.It is proposed that under the new policy environment,the town should foster the deep integration of its existing e-sports industry and culture with tourism and agriculture,transforming Z County E-sports Town into a new characteristic tourist destination.The findings of this paper offer a reference for the development of similar towns facing stagnation and provide case support for the construction of tourist destinations featuring e-sports.
基金supported by the Ministry of Economy,Trade and Industry,Japan(grant number 8080005004106)JSPS KAKENHI(grant number JP24K03099)the Ministry of Health,Labour and Welfare,Japan(grant number 22KA3004).
文摘Organophosphorus compounds,widely used as flame retardants and plasticizers in plastic products,present significant health risks due to their potential adverse effects.While inhalation and ingestion are well-studied exposure pathways,dermal exposure remains underexplored.In recent years,the growing popularity of gaming-driven by extended home stays during the COVID-19 pandemic and the inclusion of e-sports in international competitions-has led to prolonged contact with gaming devices,particularly among young people and professional gamers.This study investigates dermal exposure to triphenyl phosphate(TPhP)from 37 home-use video game controllers.TPhP was detected in 5 firstparty and 22 third-party controllers,with concentrations reaching up to 530μg g−1.Using artificial skin(EPISKIN),we measured a TPhP skin permeation rate of 0.42 ng cm^(−2)h^(−1).Monte Carlo simulations were used to estimate daily dermal intake rates;professional gamers(5th percentile−50th percentile−95th percentile,9.0−22−45 ng kg^(−1) day^(−1))and e-sports students(5.3−8.5−18 ng kg−1 day−1)were identified as the most exposed groups due to prolonged gaming sessions.Remarkably,dermal exposure from the controller was found to rival or exceed other pathways,including dust ingestion and inhalation.This study highlights the urgent need for strategies to mitigate dermal exposure risks from gaming devices.
