In The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Kuhn claimed that theory choice is a conversion experience and depends upon the personality or psychology of the individual scientist making the choice. Critics charged Kuhn...In The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Kuhn claimed that theory choice is a conversion experience and depends upon the personality or psychology of the individual scientist making the choice. Critics charged Kuhn with an irrational and a relativistic position concerning theory choice, arguing he advocated a subjective instead of an objective approach to how scientists choose one theory over another and thereby undercut epistemic accounts for the generation of scientific knowledge. In response to critics Kuhn insisted that his approach, although subjective, was still rational in that the criteria----vomposed of epistemic values--determining theory choice operate both objectively and subjectively. Recent work in cognitive neuropsychology, particularly in the dual-process theory of cognition, supports Kuhn＇s notion of theory choice. In this paper, I initially discuss Kuhn＇s approach to theory choice, along with criticism of it and his response to the criticism, followed by an examination of the dual-process theory of cognition. I then explore the application of dual-process theory to Kuhn＇s notion of theory choice, especially in terms of a historical case study from the biomedical sciences. I finally discuss briefly the implications of the dual-process theory for contemporary philosophy of science.展开更多
论文针对一例在恋人自杀后呈现哀伤症状的同性恋大学生,进行了认知行为疗法(CBT)取向的个案概念化,并探讨了整合CBT与双程模型(Dual Process Model,DPM)以制定干预方案的临床价值。本研究采用个案研究法,基于CBT与DPM整合框架对来访者...论文针对一例在恋人自杀后呈现哀伤症状的同性恋大学生,进行了认知行为疗法(CBT)取向的个案概念化,并探讨了整合CBT与双程模型(Dual Process Model,DPM)以制定干预方案的临床价值。本研究采用个案研究法,基于CBT与DPM整合框架对来访者实施了三个阶段、共计9次的个体咨询;过程中,采用抑郁自评量表(PHQ-9)、焦虑自评分量表(DASS分量表)、复杂哀伤问卷(ICG)、创伤后应激障碍问卷(PCL-5)和治疗效果评定量表(ORS)评估咨询前后及过程的情绪变化,采用会谈评定量表(SRS)检验会谈质量。研究结果显示,来访者在抑郁、焦虑、哀伤反应与创伤后应激风险四项指标上分别下降64%、47%、38%与61%,整体功能显著改善。本研究验证了CBT与DPM整合干预在中国大学生哀伤辅导中的有效性,并强调咨询师的文化胜任力与跨学科协作能力在校园性少数群体心理服务中具有关键作用。展开更多
文摘In The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Kuhn claimed that theory choice is a conversion experience and depends upon the personality or psychology of the individual scientist making the choice. Critics charged Kuhn with an irrational and a relativistic position concerning theory choice, arguing he advocated a subjective instead of an objective approach to how scientists choose one theory over another and thereby undercut epistemic accounts for the generation of scientific knowledge. In response to critics Kuhn insisted that his approach, although subjective, was still rational in that the criteria----vomposed of epistemic values--determining theory choice operate both objectively and subjectively. Recent work in cognitive neuropsychology, particularly in the dual-process theory of cognition, supports Kuhn＇s notion of theory choice. In this paper, I initially discuss Kuhn＇s approach to theory choice, along with criticism of it and his response to the criticism, followed by an examination of the dual-process theory of cognition. I then explore the application of dual-process theory to Kuhn＇s notion of theory choice, especially in terms of a historical case study from the biomedical sciences. I finally discuss briefly the implications of the dual-process theory for contemporary philosophy of science.
文摘论文针对一例在恋人自杀后呈现哀伤症状的同性恋大学生,进行了认知行为疗法(CBT)取向的个案概念化,并探讨了整合CBT与双程模型(Dual Process Model,DPM)以制定干预方案的临床价值。本研究采用个案研究法,基于CBT与DPM整合框架对来访者实施了三个阶段、共计9次的个体咨询;过程中,采用抑郁自评量表(PHQ-9)、焦虑自评分量表(DASS分量表)、复杂哀伤问卷(ICG)、创伤后应激障碍问卷(PCL-5)和治疗效果评定量表(ORS)评估咨询前后及过程的情绪变化,采用会谈评定量表(SRS)检验会谈质量。研究结果显示,来访者在抑郁、焦虑、哀伤反应与创伤后应激风险四项指标上分别下降64%、47%、38%与61%,整体功能显著改善。本研究验证了CBT与DPM整合干预在中国大学生哀伤辅导中的有效性,并强调咨询师的文化胜任力与跨学科协作能力在校园性少数群体心理服务中具有关键作用。
