Shenzhen has extensive green construction experience as one of China’s new green development pilot cities.Shenzhen has experienced substantial economic growth as a result of the reform and opening up,but it has also ...Shenzhen has extensive green construction experience as one of China’s new green development pilot cities.Shenzhen has experienced substantial economic growth as a result of the reform and opening up,but it has also had to face the burden of urbanization problems and difficulties.This article looks at the history of green construction in Shenzhen and how the spirit of the city influenced it.The work then divides the procedure into two phases and examines the issues that arise.Suggestions for achieving the“Double Carbon”aim in the building industry are sought through this effort.展开更多
Cities generate more than 60%of carbon emissions and are the main battleground for achieving the target.However,there is no unified and standardized measurement methods of carbon emissions in cities.In this paper,we t...Cities generate more than 60%of carbon emissions and are the main battleground for achieving the target.However,there is no unified and standardized measurement methods of carbon emissions in cities.In this paper,we took Xi’an as an example and started by measuring carbon emissions with the new standards.Then,the decoupling of economic development from carbon emissions was studied according to the Tapio decoupling theory.Based on the generalized Divisia index method,the decoupling effort model was proposed to study the impact of carbon emission factors contributing to carbon reduction.The results show:(i)During the period 1995–2021,the carbon emissions of Xi’an increased rapidly,with an average annual growth rate of 6.06%,due to the accelerating pace of urbanization and industrialization.(ii)The energy consumption sector accounted for the largest share of carbon emissions,ranging from 77.38%to 89.46%.Xi’an’s energy structure is primarily based on fossil fuels,especially coal,which holds a significant proportion.To achieve the“double carbon”goal,it is crucial to reduce the dependence on fossil fuels.(iii)The 10th Five-Year Plan was in the state of“expansive coupling”,while other periods were in the“weak decoupling”state from the 9th to 14th Five-Year Plan periods.After the carbon peak year in the 15th Five-Year Plan,it would be in a state of“strong decoupling”.The agricultural production account was the first to achieve a“strong decoupling”state.(iv)The government of Xi’an made efforts to decouple,but these were not enough.Technological innovation played a crucial role in the carbon reduction of Xi’an,and was a key factor in achieving the“double carbon”goal.展开更多
As global climate change problems become increasingly serious,the world urgently needs to take practical measures to deal with this environmental issue.In this sense,China’s carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals...As global climate change problems become increasingly serious,the world urgently needs to take practical measures to deal with this environmental issue.In this sense,China’s carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals endowed an ingenious solution.Various industries in China have actively responded to this policy call,and various enterprises have started to carry out the work of carbon emission reduction,especially in water supply industry.In order to reduce carbon emission,we must first calculate carbon emissions and understand the level of carbon emission.At present,the carbon emissions accounting of water supply industry is mostly carried out on the partial work of some individual units within the enterprise,and there is no accounting case for the whole process of water supply work.This work innovatively proposes a method to calculate the carbon emissions generated in the whole water supply procedure.The carbon emission in the whole water supply procedure originates from the leakage of water supply network and the maintenance of water supply network,and all the carbon emissions involved in these two aspects are calculated.Moreover,the key points of carbon emission reduction are analyzed according to the accounting results,and a potential carbon emission reduction scheme is proposed.The research can provide a reference for the overall carbon emission accounting strategies and the construction of carbon emission reduction plans in the future.展开更多
ABSTRACT Rainfall responses to doubled atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration were investigated through the analysis of two pairs of two-dimensional cloud-resolving model sensitivity experiments. One pair of experi...ABSTRACT Rainfall responses to doubled atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration were investigated through the analysis of two pairs of two-dimensional cloud-resolving model sensitivity experiments. One pair of experiments simulated pre-summer heavy rainfall over southern China around the summer solstice, whereas the other pair of experiments simulated tropical rainfall around the winter solstice. The analysis of the time and model domain mean heat budget revealed that the enhanced local atmospheric warming was associated with doubled carbon dioxide through the weakened infrared radiative cooling during the summer solstice. The weakened mean pre-summer rainfall corresponded to the weakened mean infrared radiative cooling. Doubled carbon dioxide increased the mean tropical atmospheric warming via the enhanced mean latent heat in correspondence with the strengthened mean infrared radiative cooling during the winter solstice. The enhanced mean tropical rainfall was associated with the increased mean latent heat.展开更多
Among the many strategies to fabricate the silicon/carbon composite,yolk/double-shells structure can be regarded as an effective strategy to overcome the intrinsic defects of Si-based anode materials for Li-ion batter...Among the many strategies to fabricate the silicon/carbon composite,yolk/double-shells structure can be regarded as an effective strategy to overcome the intrinsic defects of Si-based anode materials for Li-ion batteries(LIBs).Hereon,a facile and inexpensive technology to prepare silicon/carbon composite with yolk/double-shells structure is proposed,in which the double buffering carbon shells are fabricated.The silicon/carbon nanoparticles with core-shell structure are encapsulated by SiO_(2)and external carbon layer,and it shows the yolk/double-shells structure via etching the SiO_(2)sacrificial layer.The multiply shells structure not only significantly improves the electrical conductivity of composite,but also effectively prevents the exposure of Si particles from the electrolyte composition.Meanwhile,the yolk/double-shells structure can provide enough space to accommodate the volume change of the electrode during charge/discharge process and avoid the pulverization of Si particles.Moreover,the as-prepared YDS-Si/C shows excellent performance as anode of LIBs,the reversible capacity is as high as 1066 mA h g^(-1) at the current density of 0.5 A g^(-1) after 200 cycles.At the same time,the YDS-Si/C has high capacity retention and good cyclic stability.Therefore,the unique architecture design of yolk/double-shells for Si/C composite provides an instructive exploration for the development of next generation anode materials of LIBs with high electrochemical performances and structural stability.展开更多
The double-activated porous carbons（DAPCs）with unique bimodal pore structure were prepared by activating commercial microporous carbon（CMCs） twice through KOH（double activation） at high temperature. The as-prepa...The double-activated porous carbons（DAPCs）with unique bimodal pore structure were prepared by activating commercial microporous carbon（CMCs） twice through KOH（double activation） at high temperature. The as-prepared DAPCs show larger surface area（833 m^2·g^-1）,and the pores are composed of micropores（size of-1.8 nm） and mesopores（size of -4.5 nm）. Such special hierarchical porous structures integrate the dual advantages of micropore and mesopore, having not only the high energy storage of the micropores but also the high-rate performance of the mesopores for supercapacitors（SCs）.As a result, the optimized DAPCs-3-1 exhibits a high specific capacitance of 277 F·g^-1 at 1 A·g^-1, enhanced rate performance of 197 F·g^-1 at a high current density of 10 A·g^-1, and excellent cycling stability with 94.2% capacity retention after 10,000 cycles in the 1 mol·L^-1 Na2SO4 electrolyte. The facile double activation could be a promising method to prepare suitable porous carbons with exceptional electrochemical properties for SCs.展开更多
Relatively well crystallized and high aspect ratio Mg-Al layered double hydroxides（LDHs） were prepared by coprecipitation process in aqueous solution and further rehydrated to an organic modified LDH（OLDH） in the ...Relatively well crystallized and high aspect ratio Mg-Al layered double hydroxides（LDHs） were prepared by coprecipitation process in aqueous solution and further rehydrated to an organic modified LDH（OLDH） in the presence of surfactant. The intercalated structure and high aspect ratio of OLDH were verified by X-ray diffraction（XRD） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. A series of poly（propylene carbonate）（PPC）/OLDH composite films with different contents of OLDH were prepared via a melt-blending method. Their cross section morphologies, gas barrier properties and tensile strength were investigated as a function of OLDH contents. SEM results show that OLDH platelets are well dispersed within the composites and oriented parallel to the composite sheet plane. The gas barrier properties and tensile strength are obviously enhanced upon the incorporation of OLDH. Particularly, PPC/2%OLDH film exhibits the best barrier properties among all the composite films. Compared with pure PPC, the oxygen permeability coefficient（OP） and water vapor permeability coefficient（WVP） is reduced by 54% and 17% respectively with 2% OLDH addition. Furthermore, the tensile strength of PPC/2%OLDH is 83% higher than that of pure PPC with only small lose of elongation at break. Therefore, PPC/OLDH composite films show great potential application in packaging materials due to its biodegradable properties, superior oxygen and moisture barrier characteristics.展开更多
1 Introduction In recent years porous carbons have been widely used in many fields such as energy storage(Mc Creery,2008;Liu et al,2009;Ho et al,2014;Yang et al,2015),adsorption,wastewater treatment,air purification
Realizing “carbon peaking” and “carbon neutrality” is a major strategic decision made by China to coordinate domestic and international situations.In order to achieve the “double carbon” goal,it is also necessar...Realizing “carbon peaking” and “carbon neutrality” is a major strategic decision made by China to coordinate domestic and international situations.In order to achieve the “double carbon” goal,it is also necessary for relevant practitioners to actively put into practice to improve the participation of residents and advocate low carbon life while formulating the policy action plan.Community is an important place for human activities and one of the main spatial types of carbon emissions in cities.Doing a good job in planning energy conservation and emission reduction in the community plays an important role in achieving the “double carbon” goal.Through the analysis of classic low carbon community practice cases at home and abroad,6 planning and design methods for low carbon community are concluded,and the development status of low carbon community in China is reflected and summarized.展开更多
Hydrovoltaic power generators that convert water-nanomaterial interactions into electricity represent a promising route for sustainable energy harvesting.However,most previous studies have relied on non-stretchable pl...Hydrovoltaic power generators that convert water-nanomaterial interactions into electricity represent a promising route for sustainable energy harvesting.However,most previous studies have relied on non-stretchable planar designs,requiring continuous water flow or ionic solutions.Here,we present a fully stretchable hydrovoltaic cell(FSHC)with a parallel double-helix configuration of neat and oxidized carbon nanotube(CNT)fibers wound around an elastomeric core.This winding-locked double-helix architecture ensures mechanical robustness and stable electrical properties under strain.When immersed in quiescent deionized water,the FSHC generates~0.31 V and~22.4µA/cm^(2),maintaining reliable performance up to 200%strain.To demonstrate its potential in wearable applications,the FSHC is integrated into a fabric glove.Moreover,multiple FSHCs connected in series or parallel provide sufficient power to drive a twisted CNT fiber actuator.This study introduces a deformable hydrovoltaic platform for fiber-based energy harvesters,broadening their applicability to wearable electronics and self-powered actuation.展开更多
In the context of China’s“double carbon”goals and rural revitalization strategy,the energy transition promotes the large-scale integration of distributed renewable energy into rural power grids.Considering the oper...In the context of China’s“double carbon”goals and rural revitalization strategy,the energy transition promotes the large-scale integration of distributed renewable energy into rural power grids.Considering the operational characteristics of rural microgrids and their impact on users,this paper establishes a two-layer scheduling model incorporating flexible loads.The upper-layer aims to minimize the comprehensive operating cost of the rural microgrid,while the lower-layer aims to minimize the total electricity cost for rural users.An Improved Adaptive Genetic Algorithm(IAGA)is proposed to solve the model.Results show that the two-layer scheduling model with flexible loads can effectively smooth load fluctuations,enhance microgrid stability,increase clean energy consumption,and balance microgrid operating costs with user benefits.展开更多
As the material basis of economic development, energy has an important impact on human existence. As a renewable energy, biomass power generation technology is an important support to help realize peak carbon dioxide ...As the material basis of economic development, energy has an important impact on human existence. As a renewable energy, biomass power generation technology is an important support to help realize peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality. At present, remarkable achievements have been made in various aspects and it has gradually become a mature new energy power generation technology. For example, the effect of biomass straw power generation technology in low emission and zero emission is very remarkable. In China, biomass resources represented by straw and weeds are abundant, so the construction of biomass power generation project has resource advantages which can reduce the environmental burden and promote the construction of ecological civilization and agricultural development in China.展开更多
Polymeric nanoparticles（NPs）have drawn great interest in the past few years due to their potential applications in the felds of biomedical and optical technologies.However,it is still a challenge to prepare function...Polymeric nanoparticles（NPs）have drawn great interest in the past few years due to their potential applications in the felds of biomedical and optical technologies.However,it is still a challenge to prepare functional polymeric NPs,especially for particle diameters smaller than 50 nm.In this work,we demonstrate a one-pot method to fabricate reactive poly（divinyl benzene-co-maleic anhydride）NPs（PDVBMAH NPs）through a self-stable precipitation polymerization process.The size and morphology of these PDVBMAH NPs were characterized in detail by scanning electronic microscopy,and their chemical structure was determined by IR.The results showed that these NPs were highly cross-linked and their diameter was about 30 nm with narrow distribution.Additionally,the DVB and MAH endow the NPs with reactive surface anhydride and pendant vinyl groups,and these particles could be further functionalized through reaction of these groups.A plausible pathway was proposed for the formation of PDVBMAH NPs.展开更多
The effects of doubled carbon dioxide on rainfall responses to radiative processes of water clouds are investigated in this study.Two groups of two-dimensional cloud-resolving model sensitivity experiments with regard...The effects of doubled carbon dioxide on rainfall responses to radiative processes of water clouds are investigated in this study.Two groups of two-dimensional cloud-resolving model sensitivity experiments with regard to pre-summer heavy rainfall around the summer solstice and tropical rainfall around the winter solstice are conducted and their five-day averages over the model domain are analyzed.In the presence of radiative effects of ice clouds,doubled carbon dioxide changes pre-summer rainfall from the decrease associated with the enhanced atmospheric cooling to the increase associated with the enhanced infrared cooling as a result of the exclusion of radiative effects of water clouds.Doubled carbon dioxide leads to the reduction in tropical rainfall,caused by the removal of radiative effects of water clouds through the suppressed infrared cooling.In the absence of radiative effects of ice clouds,doubled carbon dioxide changes pre-summer rainfall from the increase associated with the strengthened atmospheric warming to the decrease associated with the weakened release of latent heat caused by the elimination of radiative effects of water clouds.The exclusion of radiative effects of water clouds increases tropical rainfall through the strengthened infrared cooling,which is insensitive to the change in carbon dioxide.展开更多
The aim of this study is to fabricate a multifunctional biohybrid composite utilizing double walled carbon nanotubes(DWCNTs)as a carrier for loading of the colistin sulfate(CLS)through the application of the sol-gel t...The aim of this study is to fabricate a multifunctional biohybrid composite utilizing double walled carbon nanotubes(DWCNTs)as a carrier for loading of the colistin sulfate(CLS)through the application of the sol-gel technique.The resulting composite was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),scanning electron microscope(SEM),X-ray diffraction patterns(XRD),and particle size distribution analysis utilizing dynamic light scattering technique(DLS).Furthermore,an assessment of in vitro bone bioactivity was conducted under physiological levels of Ca2+and PO4+(SBF)at 37°C and pH 7.4 over a period of 7 days.Additionally,the in vitro cytotoxicity against mice bone marrow cells was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay.The outcomes indicated that the composite possessed a particle size of 365 nm in diameter with a PDI of 0.21(the pure CLS and untreated DWCNTs were 290 and 459 nm in diameter,respectively),improved biocompatibility,and promoted the formation of a Ca-phosphate apatite layer on the surface with a Ca/P ratio of approximately 1.78.The findings collectively validated the significant contribution of the CLS peptide in DWCNTs-based composite for the purposes of bone tissue engineering.展开更多
Light-driven artificial molecular machines[1,2]are a class of functional small molecules powered by photochemical reactions,broadly divided into molecular motors and molecular photoswitches.Molecular motors[3,4],owing...Light-driven artificial molecular machines[1,2]are a class of functional small molecules powered by photochemical reactions,broadly divided into molecular motors and molecular photoswitches.Molecular motors[3,4],owing to their intrinsic point chirality and dynamic axial chirality,undergo unidirectional rotation about a carbon–carbon double bond when irradiated with light.In nature,biological molecular motors and pumps are ubiquitous:driving vision,intracellular transport,energy conversion,signal transduction,muscle contraction,and locomotion.展开更多
文摘Shenzhen has extensive green construction experience as one of China’s new green development pilot cities.Shenzhen has experienced substantial economic growth as a result of the reform and opening up,but it has also had to face the burden of urbanization problems and difficulties.This article looks at the history of green construction in Shenzhen and how the spirit of the city influenced it.The work then divides the procedure into two phases and examines the issues that arise.Suggestions for achieving the“Double Carbon”aim in the building industry are sought through this effort.
基金Humanities and Social Science Fund of Ministry of Education of China(22YJC790008)Soft Science Research Project of Xi’an Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(22RKYJ0023)Shaanxi Province Social Science Federation Fund(2022HZ1824)。
文摘Cities generate more than 60%of carbon emissions and are the main battleground for achieving the target.However,there is no unified and standardized measurement methods of carbon emissions in cities.In this paper,we took Xi’an as an example and started by measuring carbon emissions with the new standards.Then,the decoupling of economic development from carbon emissions was studied according to the Tapio decoupling theory.Based on the generalized Divisia index method,the decoupling effort model was proposed to study the impact of carbon emission factors contributing to carbon reduction.The results show:(i)During the period 1995–2021,the carbon emissions of Xi’an increased rapidly,with an average annual growth rate of 6.06%,due to the accelerating pace of urbanization and industrialization.(ii)The energy consumption sector accounted for the largest share of carbon emissions,ranging from 77.38%to 89.46%.Xi’an’s energy structure is primarily based on fossil fuels,especially coal,which holds a significant proportion.To achieve the“double carbon”goal,it is crucial to reduce the dependence on fossil fuels.(iii)The 10th Five-Year Plan was in the state of“expansive coupling”,while other periods were in the“weak decoupling”state from the 9th to 14th Five-Year Plan periods.After the carbon peak year in the 15th Five-Year Plan,it would be in a state of“strong decoupling”.The agricultural production account was the first to achieve a“strong decoupling”state.(iv)The government of Xi’an made efforts to decouple,but these were not enough.Technological innovation played a crucial role in the carbon reduction of Xi’an,and was a key factor in achieving the“double carbon”goal.
基金supported by the TianjinWater Group Co.,Ltd.,China(No.2022KY-02).
文摘As global climate change problems become increasingly serious,the world urgently needs to take practical measures to deal with this environmental issue.In this sense,China’s carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals endowed an ingenious solution.Various industries in China have actively responded to this policy call,and various enterprises have started to carry out the work of carbon emission reduction,especially in water supply industry.In order to reduce carbon emission,we must first calculate carbon emissions and understand the level of carbon emission.At present,the carbon emissions accounting of water supply industry is mostly carried out on the partial work of some individual units within the enterprise,and there is no accounting case for the whole process of water supply work.This work innovatively proposes a method to calculate the carbon emissions generated in the whole water supply procedure.The carbon emission in the whole water supply procedure originates from the leakage of water supply network and the maintenance of water supply network,and all the carbon emissions involved in these two aspects are calculated.Moreover,the key points of carbon emission reduction are analyzed according to the accounting results,and a potential carbon emission reduction scheme is proposed.The research can provide a reference for the overall carbon emission accounting strategies and the construction of carbon emission reduction plans in the future.
基金supported by 985 Program of Zhejiang University under Grant No.188020+193432602/215National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.41175047)+3 种基金the R&D Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry by the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Science and Technology (Grant Nos.GYHY201006014 and 20100503310)the Basic Research Project of the State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather (12011LAS-B14)supported by the National Key Basic Research and Development Project of China under Grant Nos.2013CB430103 and 2011CB403405the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.41375058 and 41175065
文摘ABSTRACT Rainfall responses to doubled atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration were investigated through the analysis of two pairs of two-dimensional cloud-resolving model sensitivity experiments. One pair of experiments simulated pre-summer heavy rainfall over southern China around the summer solstice, whereas the other pair of experiments simulated tropical rainfall around the winter solstice. The analysis of the time and model domain mean heat budget revealed that the enhanced local atmospheric warming was associated with doubled carbon dioxide through the weakened infrared radiative cooling during the summer solstice. The weakened mean pre-summer rainfall corresponded to the weakened mean infrared radiative cooling. Doubled carbon dioxide increased the mean tropical atmospheric warming via the enhanced mean latent heat in correspondence with the strengthened mean infrared radiative cooling during the winter solstice. The enhanced mean tropical rainfall was associated with the increased mean latent heat.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21703191)Key Project of Strategic New Industry of Hunan Province(No.2016GK4005 and No.2016GK4030)Research Innovation Project for Graduate students of Hunan Province(No.CX2017B302)。
文摘Among the many strategies to fabricate the silicon/carbon composite,yolk/double-shells structure can be regarded as an effective strategy to overcome the intrinsic defects of Si-based anode materials for Li-ion batteries(LIBs).Hereon,a facile and inexpensive technology to prepare silicon/carbon composite with yolk/double-shells structure is proposed,in which the double buffering carbon shells are fabricated.The silicon/carbon nanoparticles with core-shell structure are encapsulated by SiO_(2)and external carbon layer,and it shows the yolk/double-shells structure via etching the SiO_(2)sacrificial layer.The multiply shells structure not only significantly improves the electrical conductivity of composite,but also effectively prevents the exposure of Si particles from the electrolyte composition.Meanwhile,the yolk/double-shells structure can provide enough space to accommodate the volume change of the electrode during charge/discharge process and avoid the pulverization of Si particles.Moreover,the as-prepared YDS-Si/C shows excellent performance as anode of LIBs,the reversible capacity is as high as 1066 mA h g^(-1) at the current density of 0.5 A g^(-1) after 200 cycles.At the same time,the YDS-Si/C has high capacity retention and good cyclic stability.Therefore,the unique architecture design of yolk/double-shells for Si/C composite provides an instructive exploration for the development of next generation anode materials of LIBs with high electrochemical performances and structural stability.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51472110)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2016EMB05)+1 种基金University of Jinan Science Foundation(No.XKY1630)a Research Project from Ministry of Education,China(No.213021A)
文摘The double-activated porous carbons（DAPCs）with unique bimodal pore structure were prepared by activating commercial microporous carbon（CMCs） twice through KOH（double activation） at high temperature. The as-prepared DAPCs show larger surface area（833 m^2·g^-1）,and the pores are composed of micropores（size of-1.8 nm） and mesopores（size of -4.5 nm）. Such special hierarchical porous structures integrate the dual advantages of micropore and mesopore, having not only the high energy storage of the micropores but also the high-rate performance of the mesopores for supercapacitors（SCs）.As a result, the optimized DAPCs-3-1 exhibits a high specific capacitance of 277 F·g^-1 at 1 A·g^-1, enhanced rate performance of 197 F·g^-1 at a high current density of 10 A·g^-1, and excellent cycling stability with 94.2% capacity retention after 10,000 cycles in the 1 mol·L^-1 Na2SO4 electrolyte. The facile double activation could be a promising method to prepare suitable porous carbons with exceptional electrochemical properties for SCs.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21376276)the Specialfunded Program on National Key Scientific Instruments and Equipment Development of China(No.2012YQ230043)+1 种基金Guangdong Province Sci&Tech Bureau(Key Strategic Project No.2008A080800024)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘Relatively well crystallized and high aspect ratio Mg-Al layered double hydroxides（LDHs） were prepared by coprecipitation process in aqueous solution and further rehydrated to an organic modified LDH（OLDH） in the presence of surfactant. The intercalated structure and high aspect ratio of OLDH were verified by X-ray diffraction（XRD） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. A series of poly（propylene carbonate）（PPC）/OLDH composite films with different contents of OLDH were prepared via a melt-blending method. Their cross section morphologies, gas barrier properties and tensile strength were investigated as a function of OLDH contents. SEM results show that OLDH platelets are well dispersed within the composites and oriented parallel to the composite sheet plane. The gas barrier properties and tensile strength are obviously enhanced upon the incorporation of OLDH. Particularly, PPC/2%OLDH film exhibits the best barrier properties among all the composite films. Compared with pure PPC, the oxygen permeability coefficient（OP） and water vapor permeability coefficient（WVP） is reduced by 54% and 17% respectively with 2% OLDH addition. Furthermore, the tensile strength of PPC/2%OLDH is 83% higher than that of pure PPC with only small lose of elongation at break. Therefore, PPC/OLDH composite films show great potential application in packaging materials due to its biodegradable properties, superior oxygen and moisture barrier characteristics.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51274015)National Program on Key Basic Research Project (973 Program) (2014CB846000)Test Fund of Peking University
文摘1 Introduction In recent years porous carbons have been widely used in many fields such as energy storage(Mc Creery,2008;Liu et al,2009;Ho et al,2014;Yang et al,2015),adsorption,wastewater treatment,air purification
基金Sponsored by General Project of Natural Science Foundation of Beijing (8202017)Youth Talent Support Program of 2018 Beijing Municipal University Academic Human Resources Development (PXM2018_014212_000043)。
文摘Realizing “carbon peaking” and “carbon neutrality” is a major strategic decision made by China to coordinate domestic and international situations.In order to achieve the “double carbon” goal,it is also necessary for relevant practitioners to actively put into practice to improve the participation of residents and advocate low carbon life while formulating the policy action plan.Community is an important place for human activities and one of the main spatial types of carbon emissions in cities.Doing a good job in planning energy conservation and emission reduction in the community plays an important role in achieving the “double carbon” goal.Through the analysis of classic low carbon community practice cases at home and abroad,6 planning and design methods for low carbon community are concluded,and the development status of low carbon community in China is reflected and summarized.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(No.NRF-RS-2021-NR060086,No.RS-2023-00240008,and No.RS-2025-00560512)the Industrial Technology Innovation Program(Alchemist Project)(RS-2025-02634714)funded by the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy(MOTIE),Koreathe Institute of Information&communications Technology Planning&Evaluation(IITP)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(No.RS-2025-02263277).
文摘Hydrovoltaic power generators that convert water-nanomaterial interactions into electricity represent a promising route for sustainable energy harvesting.However,most previous studies have relied on non-stretchable planar designs,requiring continuous water flow or ionic solutions.Here,we present a fully stretchable hydrovoltaic cell(FSHC)with a parallel double-helix configuration of neat and oxidized carbon nanotube(CNT)fibers wound around an elastomeric core.This winding-locked double-helix architecture ensures mechanical robustness and stable electrical properties under strain.When immersed in quiescent deionized water,the FSHC generates~0.31 V and~22.4µA/cm^(2),maintaining reliable performance up to 200%strain.To demonstrate its potential in wearable applications,the FSHC is integrated into a fabric glove.Moreover,multiple FSHCs connected in series or parallel provide sufficient power to drive a twisted CNT fiber actuator.This study introduces a deformable hydrovoltaic platform for fiber-based energy harvesters,broadening their applicability to wearable electronics and self-powered actuation.
文摘In the context of China’s“double carbon”goals and rural revitalization strategy,the energy transition promotes the large-scale integration of distributed renewable energy into rural power grids.Considering the operational characteristics of rural microgrids and their impact on users,this paper establishes a two-layer scheduling model incorporating flexible loads.The upper-layer aims to minimize the comprehensive operating cost of the rural microgrid,while the lower-layer aims to minimize the total electricity cost for rural users.An Improved Adaptive Genetic Algorithm(IAGA)is proposed to solve the model.Results show that the two-layer scheduling model with flexible loads can effectively smooth load fluctuations,enhance microgrid stability,increase clean energy consumption,and balance microgrid operating costs with user benefits.
文摘As the material basis of economic development, energy has an important impact on human existence. As a renewable energy, biomass power generation technology is an important support to help realize peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality. At present, remarkable achievements have been made in various aspects and it has gradually become a mature new energy power generation technology. For example, the effect of biomass straw power generation technology in low emission and zero emission is very remarkable. In China, biomass resources represented by straw and weeds are abundant, so the construction of biomass power generation project has resource advantages which can reduce the environmental burden and promote the construction of ecological civilization and agricultural development in China.
文摘Polymeric nanoparticles（NPs）have drawn great interest in the past few years due to their potential applications in the felds of biomedical and optical technologies.However,it is still a challenge to prepare functional polymeric NPs,especially for particle diameters smaller than 50 nm.In this work,we demonstrate a one-pot method to fabricate reactive poly（divinyl benzene-co-maleic anhydride）NPs（PDVBMAH NPs）through a self-stable precipitation polymerization process.The size and morphology of these PDVBMAH NPs were characterized in detail by scanning electronic microscopy,and their chemical structure was determined by IR.The results showed that these NPs were highly cross-linked and their diameter was about 30 nm with narrow distribution.Additionally,the DVB and MAH endow the NPs with reactive surface anhydride and pendant vinyl groups,and these particles could be further functionalized through reaction of these groups.A plausible pathway was proposed for the formation of PDVBMAH NPs.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41475039)National Key Basic Research and Development (973) Program of China(2015CB953601)
文摘The effects of doubled carbon dioxide on rainfall responses to radiative processes of water clouds are investigated in this study.Two groups of two-dimensional cloud-resolving model sensitivity experiments with regard to pre-summer heavy rainfall around the summer solstice and tropical rainfall around the winter solstice are conducted and their five-day averages over the model domain are analyzed.In the presence of radiative effects of ice clouds,doubled carbon dioxide changes pre-summer rainfall from the decrease associated with the enhanced atmospheric cooling to the increase associated with the enhanced infrared cooling as a result of the exclusion of radiative effects of water clouds.Doubled carbon dioxide leads to the reduction in tropical rainfall,caused by the removal of radiative effects of water clouds through the suppressed infrared cooling.In the absence of radiative effects of ice clouds,doubled carbon dioxide changes pre-summer rainfall from the increase associated with the strengthened atmospheric warming to the decrease associated with the weakened release of latent heat caused by the elimination of radiative effects of water clouds.The exclusion of radiative effects of water clouds increases tropical rainfall through the strengthened infrared cooling,which is insensitive to the change in carbon dioxide.
基金supported by the National Research Centre,Egypt,according to the project No.13020207.
文摘The aim of this study is to fabricate a multifunctional biohybrid composite utilizing double walled carbon nanotubes(DWCNTs)as a carrier for loading of the colistin sulfate(CLS)through the application of the sol-gel technique.The resulting composite was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),scanning electron microscope(SEM),X-ray diffraction patterns(XRD),and particle size distribution analysis utilizing dynamic light scattering technique(DLS).Furthermore,an assessment of in vitro bone bioactivity was conducted under physiological levels of Ca2+and PO4+(SBF)at 37°C and pH 7.4 over a period of 7 days.Additionally,the in vitro cytotoxicity against mice bone marrow cells was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay.The outcomes indicated that the composite possessed a particle size of 365 nm in diameter with a PDI of 0.21(the pure CLS and untreated DWCNTs were 290 and 459 nm in diameter,respectively),improved biocompatibility,and promoted the formation of a Ca-phosphate apatite layer on the surface with a Ca/P ratio of approximately 1.78.The findings collectively validated the significant contribution of the CLS peptide in DWCNTs-based composite for the purposes of bone tissue engineering.
文摘Light-driven artificial molecular machines[1,2]are a class of functional small molecules powered by photochemical reactions,broadly divided into molecular motors and molecular photoswitches.Molecular motors[3,4],owing to their intrinsic point chirality and dynamic axial chirality,undergo unidirectional rotation about a carbon–carbon double bond when irradiated with light.In nature,biological molecular motors and pumps are ubiquitous:driving vision,intracellular transport,energy conversion,signal transduction,muscle contraction,and locomotion.
