This is a correction to:Fang Cheng,Si Wang,Moshi Song,Zunpeng Liu,Ping Liu,Lei Wang,Yanjiang Wang,Qian Zhao,Kaowen Yan,Piu Chan,Weiqi Zhang,Jing Qu,Guang-Hui Liu,DJ-1 is dispensable for human stem cell homeostasis,Pro...This is a correction to:Fang Cheng,Si Wang,Moshi Song,Zunpeng Liu,Ping Liu,Lei Wang,Yanjiang Wang,Qian Zhao,Kaowen Yan,Piu Chan,Weiqi Zhang,Jing Qu,Guang-Hui Liu,DJ-1 is dispensable for human stem cell homeostasis,Protein&Cell,Volume 10,Issue 11,November 2019,Pages 846-853,https://doi.org/10.1007/s13238-019-00659-9.展开更多
Pinelliae Rhizoma(PR),known as Banxia in Chinese,Hange in Japanese,and Banha in Korean,is a renowned herbal medicine in East Asia derived from the dry tuber of Pinellia ternata(Thunb.)Breit.(PT).It is extensively util...Pinelliae Rhizoma(PR),known as Banxia in Chinese,Hange in Japanese,and Banha in Korean,is a renowned herbal medicine in East Asia derived from the dry tuber of Pinellia ternata(Thunb.)Breit.(PT).It is extensively utilized in dispensing granules,classical prescriptions,and herbal formulas to treat various conditions,including cough,infection,phlegm,nausea,asthma,and inflammation.Despite numerous studies on PR and its classical prescriptions over recent decades,a comprehensive synthesis of available evidence regarding its multifunctional roles and therapeutic potential is lacking.This review aims to address this gap by examining emerging evidence from metabonomics,preclinical studies,and clinical trials,while exploring potential trends and prospects for future research.A systematic literature search was conducted across six electronic databases,including Pub Med,Web of Science,Scopus,Science Direct,Wanfang,and China National Knowledge Infrastructure,to identify relevant articles on PR published until March 2023.PR contains 107 compounds with diverse pharmacological activities,including anti-inflammatory,immune regulatory,anti-viral,anti-cancer,anti-asthma,antitussive and expectorant,antioxidant,anti-obesity,anti-atherosclerosis,antimicrobial,emetic and anti-emetic,anti-convulsant and anti-epileptic,sedative and hypnotic,learning and memory enhancement,and anti-depressant effects.Metabonomic studies suggest that raw PR may exhibit cardiotoxicity and pregnancy toxicity while showing no apparent hepatorenal toxicity.However,limited pharmacokinetic investigations on PR constrain its clinical translation.Furthermore,clinical safety data on PR is scarce,with only four clinical trials assessing its positive effects in pediatric epilepsy,nausea and vomiting,soft tissue injury,and chronic sinus tract.This review aims to enhance understanding of PR and provide valuable information and recommendations for further research and development of herbal medicine.展开更多
Jetting-based bioprinting facilitates contactless drop-on-demand deposition of subnanoliter droplets at well-defined positions to control the spatial arrangement of cells,growth factors,drugs,and biomaterials in a hig...Jetting-based bioprinting facilitates contactless drop-on-demand deposition of subnanoliter droplets at well-defined positions to control the spatial arrangement of cells,growth factors,drugs,and biomaterials in a highly automated layer-by-layer fabrication approach.Due to its immense versatility,jetting-based bioprinting has been used for various applications,including tissue engineering and regenerative medicine,wound healing,and drug development.A lack of in-depth understanding exists in the processes that occur during jetting-based bioprinting.This review paper will comprehensively discuss the physical considerations for bioinks and printing conditions used in jetting-based bioprinting.We first present an overview of different jetting-based bioprinting techniques such as inkjet bioprinting,laser-induced forward transfer bioprinting,electrohydrodynamic jet bioprinting,acoustic bioprinting and microvalve bioprinting.Next,we provide an in-depth discussion of various considerations for bioink formulation relating to cell deposition,print chamber design,droplet formation and droplet impact.Finally,we highlight recent accomplishments in jetting-based bioprinting.We present the advantages and challenges of each method,discuss considerations relating to cell viability and protein stability,and conclude by providing insights into future directions of jetting-based bioprinting.展开更多
To mitigate risks associated with the prescription examination,marking,dispensing,checking,and review of non-integral-dosage drugs in Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Service(PIVAS),we formed a project team.Employing th...To mitigate risks associated with the prescription examination,marking,dispensing,checking,and review of non-integral-dosage drugs in Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Service(PIVAS),we formed a project team.Employing the failure mode and effect analysis(FMEA)management method,we identified potential risks in four critical steps of the non-integral-dosage drug dispensing process within PIVAS drug management:prescription verification,mixed allocation,and verification.For each step,we assigned scores for severity,incidence,and detectability,subsequently calculating the Risk Priority Number(RPN)to prioritize identified risks.Targeted measures for improvement were developed for steps with the highest RPN values.A total of 31 risk factors were documented in the management of non-integral-dosage drugs,with the dispensing process being particularly vulnerable.Specific measures were devised for eight high RPN risks.Following a 3-month optimization and improvement period,RPN values and incidences of internal differences were significantly reduced.The implemented measures demonstrated effective risk control.Notably,we established a comprehensive conversion system for partial-dose drug dispensing,directly translating into a volume of suction fluid for dispensing personnel based on doctor orders.This eliminated the need for manual secondary calculations,thereby standardizing and automating the dispensing of non-integral-dosage drugs in PIVAS.Simultaneously,our project team conducted a dissolution test on 23 types of drugs with non-integral dosage,revealing that the solvent volume increased for 11 types after dissolution.The dosage conversion for partial dosage was recalibrated based on the volume of the final solution to ensure dosage accuracy.Through the application of failure mode and effect analysis,we systematically managed the risks associated with non-integral-dosage drugs in PIVAS.This approach addressed safety concerns in the dispensing process,reduced errors,and ensured the safe and precise administration of medication to patients.展开更多
This study aims to identify the causes of sensor jams and its impact on the operation of vending machines. The vending machine is a machine that automatically dispenses products such as drinks, tickets, sandwiches and...This study aims to identify the causes of sensor jams and its impact on the operation of vending machines. The vending machine is a machine that automatically dispenses products such as drinks, tickets, sandwiches and biscuits, by inserting change or credit card into the machine. This technological feat is due to the advent of sensors. A sensor is a part of the measurement chain, it receives the quantity to be measured and provides information directly linked to this quantity. However, these vending robots are faced with malfunctions linked to sensor jams. The identification of the jam phenomenon was possible thanks to the inspection and monitoring of the various sensors installed on the vending robot. And Cadence software was used to model, control and locate the jammed sensor(s). The various tests were carried out by setting the robot in motion to better understand the causes of the phenomenon. The jam is therefore the phenomenon which triggers the sensors permanently, which causes the automatic vending robot to stop functioning. And this jam was due to the presence of water droplets on the sensor or dirt. This presence of water droplets on the sensor is linked to an increase in temperature. Controlling the temperature and locating the jammed sensor has made it possible to considerably reduce jamming and its harmful effects on the vending machine robot.展开更多
This paper aims to thoroughly explore the teaching reform of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)dispensing technology in higher vocational colleges,with a focus on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Skills Competition.By ...This paper aims to thoroughly explore the teaching reform of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)dispensing technology in higher vocational colleges,with a focus on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Skills Competition.By analyzing the current teaching status and main challenges of TCM dispensing technology,and aligning with the requirements of the skills competition,a series of detailed and practical teaching reform measures are proposed.These measures are designed to comprehensively improve the teaching quality of TCM dispensing technology in higher vocational colleges,enhance students’practical skills and professional qualities,and ultimately meet the demand for high-quality,skilled talents in the field of TCM.展开更多
Baculoviruses have been widely used as a vector for expressing foreign genes.Among numerous baculoviruses,Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus(AcMNPV)is the most frequently used and it encodes 155 open...Baculoviruses have been widely used as a vector for expressing foreign genes.Among numerous baculoviruses,Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus(AcMNPV)is the most frequently used and it encodes 155 open reading frames(ORFs).Here,we systematically investigated the impact of 42 genes of AcMNPV on the production of infectious budded viruses(BVs)by constructing gene-knockout bacmids and subsequently conducting transfection and infection assays.The results showed that among the 39 functionally unverified genes and 3 recently reported genes,36 are dispensable for infectious BV production,as the one-step growth curves of the gene-knockout viruses were not significantly different from those of the parental virus.Three genes(ac62,ac82 and ac106/107)are essential for infectious BV production,as deletions thereof resulted in complete loss of infectivity while the repaired viruses showed no significant difference in comparison to the parental virus.In addition,three genes(ac13,ac51 and ac120)are important but not essential for infectious BV production,as gene-knockout viruses produced significantly lower BV levels than that of the parental virus or repaired viruses.We then grouped the 155 AcMNPV genes into three categories(Dispensable,Essential,or Important for infectious BV production).Based on our results and previous publications,we constructed a schematic diagram of a potential mini-genome of AcMNPV,which contains only essential and important genes.The results shed light on our understanding of functional genomics of baculoviruses and provide fundamental information for future engineering of baculovirus expression system.展开更多
Objective:To explore the application of plan–do–check–action(PDCA)cycle in the management of the naked medicine dispensing about the automatic package and to analyze the practice improved in the quality of naked me...Objective:To explore the application of plan–do–check–action(PDCA)cycle in the management of the naked medicine dispensing about the automatic package and to analyze the practice improved in the quality of naked medicine dispensing medicine management.Methods:The PDCA theory was used to analyze the data,to find out the causes of the problem,and to formulate the corresponding countermeasures to intervene.The data of the naked medicine/adverse drug events satisfaction degree of the inpatients in 18 inpatient departments given for the adoption of PDCA cycle in January 2017 were set as the observation group.The number of the naked medicine/adverse drug events satisfaction degree of patients in 18 inpatient departments before adoption of PDCA cycle in December 2016 was set as the control group.The number of the naked medicine/adverse drug events satisfaction degree of patients in 18 inpatient departments before and after adoption of PDCA cycle was observed and analyzed.Results:The number of the naked medicine/adverse drug events after implementing the method of PDCA cycle management rate was significantly lower than before the implementation method of PDCA cycle management,and the difference had statistical significance(P<0.05).The satisfaction degree of the inpatients after implementing the method of PDCA cycle management rate was significantly higher than that before the implementation method of PDCA cycle management,and the difference had statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion:Application of PDCA cycle in the management of the naked medicine dispensing about the automatic package can help to reduce the adverse drug events,to improve the safety of drug treatment,and to increase the patients’satisfaction degree.展开更多
Based on the characteristics of parallel dispensers in automated picking system, an order-picking optimization problem is presented. Firstly, the working principle of parallel dispensers is introduced, which implies t...Based on the characteristics of parallel dispensers in automated picking system, an order-picking optimization problem is presented. Firstly, the working principle of parallel dispensers is introduced, which implies the time cost of picking each order is influenced by the order-picking sequence. So the order-picking optimization problem can be classified as a dynamic traveling salesman problem （TSP）. Then a mathematical model of the problem is established and an improved max-min ant system （MMAS） is adopted to solve the model. The improvement includes two aspects. One is that the initial assignment of ants depends on a probabilistic formula instead of a random deployment; the other is that the heuristic factor is expressed by the extra picking time of each order instead of the total. At last, an actual simulation is made on an automated picking system with parallel dispensers. The simulation results proved the optimization value and the validity of improvement on MMAS.展开更多
The Made in China 2025 initiative will require full automation in all sectors, from customers to production. This will result in great challenges to manufacturing systems in all sectors. In the future of manufacturing...The Made in China 2025 initiative will require full automation in all sectors, from customers to production. This will result in great challenges to manufacturing systems in all sectors. In the future of manufacturing, all devices and systems should have sensing and basic intelligence capabilities for control and adaptation. In this study, after discussing multiscale dynamics of the modern manufacturing system, a five-layer functional structure is proposed for uncertainties processing. Multiscale dynamics include： multi-time scale, spacetime scale, and multi-level dynamics. Control action will differ at different scales, with more design being required at both fast and slow time scales. More quantitative action is required in low-level operations, while more qualitative action is needed regarding high-level supervision. Intelligent manufacturing systems should have the capabilities of flexibility, adaptability, and intelligence. These capabilities will require the control action to be distributed and integrated with different approaches, including smart sensing, optimal design, and intelligent learning. Finally, a typical jet dispensing system is taken as a real-world example for multiscale modeling and control.展开更多
In electronics packaging the time-pressure dispensing system is widely usedto squeeze the adhesive fluid in a syringe onto boards or substrates with the pressurized air.However, complexity of the process, which includ...In electronics packaging the time-pressure dispensing system is widely usedto squeeze the adhesive fluid in a syringe onto boards or substrates with the pressurized air.However, complexity of the process, which includes the air-fluid coupling and the nonlinearuncertainties, makes it difficult to have a consistent process performance. An integrated dispensingprocess model is first introduced and then its input-output regression relationship is used todesign a run to run control methodology for this process. The controller takes EWMA scheme and itsstability region is given. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed run to runcontrol method for dispensing process.展开更多
Slotting strategy heavily influences the throughput and operational cost of automated order picking system with multiple dispenser types, which is called the complex automated order picking system （CAOPS）. Existing ...Slotting strategy heavily influences the throughput and operational cost of automated order picking system with multiple dispenser types, which is called the complex automated order picking system （CAOPS）. Existing research either focuses on one aspect of the slotting optimization problem or only considers one part of CAOPS, such as the Low-volume Dispensers, to develop corresponding slotting strategies. In order to provide a comprehensive and systemic approach, a fluid-based slotting strategy is proposed in this paper. The configuration of CAOPS is presented with specific reference to its fast-picking and restocking subsystems. Based on extended fluid model, a nonlinear mathematical programming model is developed to determine the optimal volume allotted to each stock keeping unit （SKU） in a certain mode by minimize the restocking cost of that mode. Conclusion from the allocation model is specified for the storage modules of high-volume dispensers and low-volume dispensers. Optimal allocation of storage resources in the fast-picking area of CAOPS is then discussed with the aim of identifying the optimal space of each picking mode. The SKU assignment problem referring to the total restocking cost of CAOPS is analyzed and a greedy heuristic with low time complexity is developed according to the characteristics of CAOPS. Real life application from the tobacco industry is presented in order to exemplify the proposed slotting strategy and assess the effectiveness of the developed methodology. Entry-item-quantity （EIQ） based experiential solutions and proposed-model-based near-optimal solutions are compared. The comparison results show that the proposed strategy generates a savings of over 18% referring to the total restocking cost over one-year period. The strategy proposed in this paper, which can handle the multiple dispenser types, provides a practical quantitative slotting method for CAOPS and can help picking-system-designers make slotting decisions efficiently and effectively.展开更多
To improve the consistency of the adhesive amount dispensed by the time-pressure dispenser for semiconductor manufacturing, a non-Newtonian fluid flow rate model is developed to represent and estimate the adhesive amo...To improve the consistency of the adhesive amount dispensed by the time-pressure dispenser for semiconductor manufacturing, a non-Newtonian fluid flow rate model is developed to represent and estimate the adhesive amount dispensed in each cycle. Taking account of gas compressibility, an intelligent model-based control strategy is proposed to compensate the deviation of adhesive amount dispensed from the desired one. Both simulations and experiments show that the dispensing consistency is greatly improved by using the model-based control strategy developed in this paper.展开更多
To alleviate the influence of gas compressibility on the process performance of time-pressure dispensing for electronics encapsulation,a predictive model is developed based on power-law fluid to estimate the encapsula...To alleviate the influence of gas compressibility on the process performance of time-pressure dispensing for electronics encapsulation,a predictive model is developed based on power-law fluid to estimate the encapsulant amount dispensed.Based on the simple and effective model,a run by run (RbR) supervisory control scheme is delivered to compensate the variation resulting from gas volume change in the syringe.Both simulation and experiment have shown that the dispensing consistency has been greatly improved with the model-based RbR control strategy developed in this paper.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Numerous medical conditions require timely medication administration in the emergency department(ED).Automated dispensing systems(ADSs)store premixed common doses at the point-of-care to minimize time to ad...BACKGROUND:Numerous medical conditions require timely medication administration in the emergency department(ED).Automated dispensing systems(ADSs)store premixed common doses at the point-of-care to minimize time to administration,but the use of such automation to improved time to medication administration has not been studied.Since vancomycin is a commonly used empiric antimicrobial,we sought to quantify the effect of using an ADS on time to drug delivery in patients presenting to the ED.The study aimed to determine the efficacy of utilizing an ADS to improve time to administration of vancomycin and determine any negative effects on dosing appropriateness.METHODS:The institional review board approved the retrospective quality improvement study took place in a single,urban academic tertiary care ED with an annual census of 80 000.Study subjects were all patients receiving vancomycin for the management of sepsis between March 1 to September 30,2008 and the same time period in 2009.The primary outcome was the proportion of patients who received vancomycin within one hour of bed placement and the secondary outcome was dosing appropriateness.RESULTS:Sixty-three patients had weight and dosing information available(29 before and 34after intervention)and were included in the study.Before intervention,no patient received vancomycin in less than 60 minutes,while after intervention 14.7%of the patients received it in less than 60minutes(difference in proportions 14.7%,95%CI 0.39%-30.0%,P=0.04).A similar proportion of the patients received correct dosing before and after intervention(44.8%vs.41.2%,difference in proportions 3.7%,95%CI-20.0%-26.7%,P=0.770).CONCLUSION:The use of an ADS may improve the timing of medication administration in patients presenting to the ED without affecting dosing appropriateness.展开更多
A new consistency control method for jet dispensing is proposed. First, the working parameters, namely, viscosity, supply pressure and supply time, are experimentally investigated. Then, the glue viscosity is approxim...A new consistency control method for jet dispensing is proposed. First, the working parameters, namely, viscosity, supply pressure and supply time, are experimentally investigated. Then, the glue viscosity is approximated by a polynomial model using the least square method. Based on this model and temperatme control implemented using the Dahlin principle, the viscosity of the glue can be maintained at a constant value. Then, the viscosity model of the glue is applied to deriving the droplet mass as the nominal model of the temperature controller. The robustness of the temperature controller is analyzed by applying the small gain theory. The glue supply pressure controller is designed using the consistency control strategy, and the robustness is analyzed. Finall）, simulations and experiments are conducted using a jet dispensing control system. The results show that the proposed control strategy can significantly improve the droplet consistency.展开更多
The life of impregnated Ba-W cathodes with a new construction have been evaluated using an accelerated life test at three different temperatures (1170℃,1130℃,1090℃) and constant current density (2A/cm^2).According ...The life of impregnated Ba-W cathodes with a new construction have been evaluated using an accelerated life test at three different temperatures (1170℃,1130℃,1090℃) and constant current density (2A/cm^2).According to the relationship of life with operating temperatures,an accelerated equation has been set up.The cathode life at normal operating temperature is deducted based on the accelerated equation.The results show that life of the novel cathode exceeds 190,000 hour at a current density of 2A/cm^2.展开更多
Micro-supercapacitors with excellent electrochemical performance and aesthetic property are realized using the carbon nanotubes/manganese dioxide nanosheets（CNTs/δ-MnO2） composite as electrodes.This CNTs/d-MnO2 nan...Micro-supercapacitors with excellent electrochemical performance and aesthetic property are realized using the carbon nanotubes/manganese dioxide nanosheets（CNTs/δ-MnO2） composite as electrodes.This CNTs/d-MnO2 nanocomposite is excellently compatible with the slurry dispensing process for electrode fabrication, and thus is conducive for preparing thick electrode films, which exhibits a specific capacitance of 257 F/g with an electrode thickness of 13μm. By involving laser-scribing technique, the electrode film can be patterned with a high resolution and fabricated into a planar micro-supercapacitor,showing the maximum energy density of 6.83 mWh/cm^3 at the power density of 154.3 mW/cm^3, and maintained a value of 2.71 mWh/cm^3 at the maximum power density of 2557.5 mW/cm^3. Considering the versatility of the laser-scribing technical platform, the micro-supercapacitors fabricated in this way exhibit excellent aesthetic property and can cater to various miniaturized wearable electronic applications. This technology opens up opportunities for facile and scalable fabrication of high performance energy devices with shape diversity and a meaning of art.展开更多
In order to obtain higher emission performance than that of a traditional M-type cathode, we have developed a new type impregnated dispenser cathode. The new cathode is impregnated with a new active substance with mol...In order to obtain higher emission performance than that of a traditional M-type cathode, we have developed a new type impregnated dispenser cathode. The new cathode is impregnated with a new active substance with molar ratio of 26BaO·29SrO·8Sc2O3 ·7CaO·Al2O3 . This paper introduces the emission performance, surface active material, and work function of the new cathode. At 1100℃B , the DC current density and pulse current density are 30.6±1.0 A/cm2 and 171.6±2.8 A/cm2 , respectively, 2.1 and 5.4 times of that of an M-type cathode. The work function of the new cathode is 1.668± 0.002 eV. High concentration O-Al-Sc-Sr-Ba and O-Al-Sc-Ba are found in the pores and at pore edges, respectively. By comparing the emission performances and surface characteristics of as-polished and as-cleaned cathodes, it is proposed that, the emission around pore ends forms the major part of the total emission for the new cathodes.展开更多
基金funded by the Macao Science and Technology Development Fund(FDCT Nos.001/2023/ALC,0123/2022/A,0006/2020/AKP,and 005/2023/SKL)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(No.2020A1515010922)+1 种基金the Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Macao S&T Program(Category C,No.SGDX2020110309420200)the Research Fund of University of Macao(Nos.MYRG-GRG2023-00198-ICMS,CPG2024-00038-ICMS and SRG2022-00052-ICMS)。
文摘Pinelliae Rhizoma(PR),known as Banxia in Chinese,Hange in Japanese,and Banha in Korean,is a renowned herbal medicine in East Asia derived from the dry tuber of Pinellia ternata(Thunb.)Breit.(PT).It is extensively utilized in dispensing granules,classical prescriptions,and herbal formulas to treat various conditions,including cough,infection,phlegm,nausea,asthma,and inflammation.Despite numerous studies on PR and its classical prescriptions over recent decades,a comprehensive synthesis of available evidence regarding its multifunctional roles and therapeutic potential is lacking.This review aims to address this gap by examining emerging evidence from metabonomics,preclinical studies,and clinical trials,while exploring potential trends and prospects for future research.A systematic literature search was conducted across six electronic databases,including Pub Med,Web of Science,Scopus,Science Direct,Wanfang,and China National Knowledge Infrastructure,to identify relevant articles on PR published until March 2023.PR contains 107 compounds with diverse pharmacological activities,including anti-inflammatory,immune regulatory,anti-viral,anti-cancer,anti-asthma,antitussive and expectorant,antioxidant,anti-obesity,anti-atherosclerosis,antimicrobial,emetic and anti-emetic,anti-convulsant and anti-epileptic,sedative and hypnotic,learning and memory enhancement,and anti-depressant effects.Metabonomic studies suggest that raw PR may exhibit cardiotoxicity and pregnancy toxicity while showing no apparent hepatorenal toxicity.However,limited pharmacokinetic investigations on PR constrain its clinical translation.Furthermore,clinical safety data on PR is scarce,with only four clinical trials assessing its positive effects in pediatric epilepsy,nausea and vomiting,soft tissue injury,and chronic sinus tract.This review aims to enhance understanding of PR and provide valuable information and recommendations for further research and development of herbal medicine.
基金support from NTU Presidential Postdoctoral Fellowship.
文摘Jetting-based bioprinting facilitates contactless drop-on-demand deposition of subnanoliter droplets at well-defined positions to control the spatial arrangement of cells,growth factors,drugs,and biomaterials in a highly automated layer-by-layer fabrication approach.Due to its immense versatility,jetting-based bioprinting has been used for various applications,including tissue engineering and regenerative medicine,wound healing,and drug development.A lack of in-depth understanding exists in the processes that occur during jetting-based bioprinting.This review paper will comprehensively discuss the physical considerations for bioinks and printing conditions used in jetting-based bioprinting.We first present an overview of different jetting-based bioprinting techniques such as inkjet bioprinting,laser-induced forward transfer bioprinting,electrohydrodynamic jet bioprinting,acoustic bioprinting and microvalve bioprinting.Next,we provide an in-depth discussion of various considerations for bioink formulation relating to cell deposition,print chamber design,droplet formation and droplet impact.Finally,we highlight recent accomplishments in jetting-based bioprinting.We present the advantages and challenges of each method,discuss considerations relating to cell viability and protein stability,and conclude by providing insights into future directions of jetting-based bioprinting.
基金Anhui Provincial Health Research Project Fund(Grant No.AHWJ2023-BAc20143)Pharmaceutical Research Exploration Fund of the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.YJKJJ04)14th Five Year Plan Anhui Province Medical and Health Clinical Key Specialty Construction Project Support.
文摘To mitigate risks associated with the prescription examination,marking,dispensing,checking,and review of non-integral-dosage drugs in Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Service(PIVAS),we formed a project team.Employing the failure mode and effect analysis(FMEA)management method,we identified potential risks in four critical steps of the non-integral-dosage drug dispensing process within PIVAS drug management:prescription verification,mixed allocation,and verification.For each step,we assigned scores for severity,incidence,and detectability,subsequently calculating the Risk Priority Number(RPN)to prioritize identified risks.Targeted measures for improvement were developed for steps with the highest RPN values.A total of 31 risk factors were documented in the management of non-integral-dosage drugs,with the dispensing process being particularly vulnerable.Specific measures were devised for eight high RPN risks.Following a 3-month optimization and improvement period,RPN values and incidences of internal differences were significantly reduced.The implemented measures demonstrated effective risk control.Notably,we established a comprehensive conversion system for partial-dose drug dispensing,directly translating into a volume of suction fluid for dispensing personnel based on doctor orders.This eliminated the need for manual secondary calculations,thereby standardizing and automating the dispensing of non-integral-dosage drugs in PIVAS.Simultaneously,our project team conducted a dissolution test on 23 types of drugs with non-integral dosage,revealing that the solvent volume increased for 11 types after dissolution.The dosage conversion for partial dosage was recalibrated based on the volume of the final solution to ensure dosage accuracy.Through the application of failure mode and effect analysis,we systematically managed the risks associated with non-integral-dosage drugs in PIVAS.This approach addressed safety concerns in the dispensing process,reduced errors,and ensured the safe and precise administration of medication to patients.
文摘This study aims to identify the causes of sensor jams and its impact on the operation of vending machines. The vending machine is a machine that automatically dispenses products such as drinks, tickets, sandwiches and biscuits, by inserting change or credit card into the machine. This technological feat is due to the advent of sensors. A sensor is a part of the measurement chain, it receives the quantity to be measured and provides information directly linked to this quantity. However, these vending robots are faced with malfunctions linked to sensor jams. The identification of the jam phenomenon was possible thanks to the inspection and monitoring of the various sensors installed on the vending robot. And Cadence software was used to model, control and locate the jammed sensor(s). The various tests were carried out by setting the robot in motion to better understand the causes of the phenomenon. The jam is therefore the phenomenon which triggers the sensors permanently, which causes the automatic vending robot to stop functioning. And this jam was due to the presence of water droplets on the sensor or dirt. This presence of water droplets on the sensor is linked to an increase in temperature. Controlling the temperature and locating the jammed sensor has made it possible to considerably reduce jamming and its harmful effects on the vending machine robot.
文摘This paper aims to thoroughly explore the teaching reform of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)dispensing technology in higher vocational colleges,with a focus on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Skills Competition.By analyzing the current teaching status and main challenges of TCM dispensing technology,and aligning with the requirements of the skills competition,a series of detailed and practical teaching reform measures are proposed.These measures are designed to comprehensively improve the teaching quality of TCM dispensing technology in higher vocational colleges,enhance students’practical skills and professional qualities,and ultimately meet the demand for high-quality,skilled talents in the field of TCM.
基金This research was supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31872640)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(grant no.QYZDJ-SSW-SMC021)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB11030400).
文摘Baculoviruses have been widely used as a vector for expressing foreign genes.Among numerous baculoviruses,Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus(AcMNPV)is the most frequently used and it encodes 155 open reading frames(ORFs).Here,we systematically investigated the impact of 42 genes of AcMNPV on the production of infectious budded viruses(BVs)by constructing gene-knockout bacmids and subsequently conducting transfection and infection assays.The results showed that among the 39 functionally unverified genes and 3 recently reported genes,36 are dispensable for infectious BV production,as the one-step growth curves of the gene-knockout viruses were not significantly different from those of the parental virus.Three genes(ac62,ac82 and ac106/107)are essential for infectious BV production,as deletions thereof resulted in complete loss of infectivity while the repaired viruses showed no significant difference in comparison to the parental virus.In addition,three genes(ac13,ac51 and ac120)are important but not essential for infectious BV production,as gene-knockout viruses produced significantly lower BV levels than that of the parental virus or repaired viruses.We then grouped the 155 AcMNPV genes into three categories(Dispensable,Essential,or Important for infectious BV production).Based on our results and previous publications,we constructed a schematic diagram of a potential mini-genome of AcMNPV,which contains only essential and important genes.The results shed light on our understanding of functional genomics of baculoviruses and provide fundamental information for future engineering of baculovirus expression system.
文摘Objective:To explore the application of plan–do–check–action(PDCA)cycle in the management of the naked medicine dispensing about the automatic package and to analyze the practice improved in the quality of naked medicine dispensing medicine management.Methods:The PDCA theory was used to analyze the data,to find out the causes of the problem,and to formulate the corresponding countermeasures to intervene.The data of the naked medicine/adverse drug events satisfaction degree of the inpatients in 18 inpatient departments given for the adoption of PDCA cycle in January 2017 were set as the observation group.The number of the naked medicine/adverse drug events satisfaction degree of patients in 18 inpatient departments before adoption of PDCA cycle in December 2016 was set as the control group.The number of the naked medicine/adverse drug events satisfaction degree of patients in 18 inpatient departments before and after adoption of PDCA cycle was observed and analyzed.Results:The number of the naked medicine/adverse drug events after implementing the method of PDCA cycle management rate was significantly lower than before the implementation method of PDCA cycle management,and the difference had statistical significance(P<0.05).The satisfaction degree of the inpatients after implementing the method of PDCA cycle management rate was significantly higher than that before the implementation method of PDCA cycle management,and the difference had statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion:Application of PDCA cycle in the management of the naked medicine dispensing about the automatic package can help to reduce the adverse drug events,to improve the safety of drug treatment,and to increase the patients’satisfaction degree.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50175064)
文摘Based on the characteristics of parallel dispensers in automated picking system, an order-picking optimization problem is presented. Firstly, the working principle of parallel dispensers is introduced, which implies the time cost of picking each order is influenced by the order-picking sequence. So the order-picking optimization problem can be classified as a dynamic traveling salesman problem （TSP）. Then a mathematical model of the problem is established and an improved max-min ant system （MMAS） is adopted to solve the model. The improvement includes two aspects. One is that the initial assignment of ants depends on a probabilistic formula instead of a random deployment; the other is that the heuristic factor is expressed by the extra picking time of each order instead of the total. At last, an actual simulation is made on an automated picking system with parallel dispensers. The simulation results proved the optimization value and the validity of improvement on MMAS.
基金partially supported by a GRF project from RGC of Hong Kong China (City U: 11207714)+2 种基金a SRG grant from City University of Hong Kong China (7004909)a National Basic Research Program of China (2011CB013104)
文摘The Made in China 2025 initiative will require full automation in all sectors, from customers to production. This will result in great challenges to manufacturing systems in all sectors. In the future of manufacturing, all devices and systems should have sensing and basic intelligence capabilities for control and adaptation. In this study, after discussing multiscale dynamics of the modern manufacturing system, a five-layer functional structure is proposed for uncertainties processing. Multiscale dynamics include： multi-time scale, spacetime scale, and multi-level dynamics. Control action will differ at different scales, with more design being required at both fast and slow time scales. More quantitative action is required in low-level operations, while more qualitative action is needed regarding high-level supervision. Intelligent manufacturing systems should have the capabilities of flexibility, adaptability, and intelligence. These capabilities will require the control action to be distributed and integrated with different approaches, including smart sensing, optimal design, and intelligent learning. Finally, a typical jet dispensing system is taken as a real-world example for multiscale modeling and control.
基金This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50390063, 50390064), Research Grant Council of HK SAR (CityU1086/01E)and City University of HK Applied R&D Project(No.9620002).
文摘In electronics packaging the time-pressure dispensing system is widely usedto squeeze the adhesive fluid in a syringe onto boards or substrates with the pressurized air.However, complexity of the process, which includes the air-fluid coupling and the nonlinearuncertainties, makes it difficult to have a consistent process performance. An integrated dispensingprocess model is first introduced and then its input-output regression relationship is used todesign a run to run control methodology for this process. The controller takes EWMA scheme and itsstability region is given. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed run to runcontrol method for dispensing process.
基金supported by China Scholarship Council (Grant No.2007102074)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.50175064)+2 种基金Georgia Institute of Technology Visiting Research EngineerProgram of the United States (Grant No. 2401247)Graduate InnovationFoundation of Shandong University, China (Grant No. yzc09066)Costal International Logistics Company of the United States (Project No.20080727)
文摘Slotting strategy heavily influences the throughput and operational cost of automated order picking system with multiple dispenser types, which is called the complex automated order picking system （CAOPS）. Existing research either focuses on one aspect of the slotting optimization problem or only considers one part of CAOPS, such as the Low-volume Dispensers, to develop corresponding slotting strategies. In order to provide a comprehensive and systemic approach, a fluid-based slotting strategy is proposed in this paper. The configuration of CAOPS is presented with specific reference to its fast-picking and restocking subsystems. Based on extended fluid model, a nonlinear mathematical programming model is developed to determine the optimal volume allotted to each stock keeping unit （SKU） in a certain mode by minimize the restocking cost of that mode. Conclusion from the allocation model is specified for the storage modules of high-volume dispensers and low-volume dispensers. Optimal allocation of storage resources in the fast-picking area of CAOPS is then discussed with the aim of identifying the optimal space of each picking mode. The SKU assignment problem referring to the total restocking cost of CAOPS is analyzed and a greedy heuristic with low time complexity is developed according to the characteristics of CAOPS. Real life application from the tobacco industry is presented in order to exemplify the proposed slotting strategy and assess the effectiveness of the developed methodology. Entry-item-quantity （EIQ） based experiential solutions and proposed-model-based near-optimal solutions are compared. The comparison results show that the proposed strategy generates a savings of over 18% referring to the total restocking cost over one-year period. The strategy proposed in this paper, which can handle the multiple dispenser types, provides a practical quantitative slotting method for CAOPS and can help picking-system-designers make slotting decisions efficiently and effectively.
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50390063,50390064)the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No.2003CB716207).
文摘To improve the consistency of the adhesive amount dispensed by the time-pressure dispenser for semiconductor manufacturing, a non-Newtonian fluid flow rate model is developed to represent and estimate the adhesive amount dispensed in each cycle. Taking account of gas compressibility, an intelligent model-based control strategy is proposed to compensate the deviation of adhesive amount dispensed from the desired one. Both simulations and experiments show that the dispensing consistency is greatly improved by using the model-based control strategy developed in this paper.
基金the startup research foundation of China Three Gorge University (No.0620070124)
文摘To alleviate the influence of gas compressibility on the process performance of time-pressure dispensing for electronics encapsulation,a predictive model is developed based on power-law fluid to estimate the encapsulant amount dispensed.Based on the simple and effective model,a run by run (RbR) supervisory control scheme is delivered to compensate the variation resulting from gas volume change in the syringe.Both simulation and experiment have shown that the dispensing consistency has been greatly improved with the model-based RbR control strategy developed in this paper.
基金supported by a Resident Research Grant from the University of Cincinnati Department of Emergency Medicineby a Research Fellowship Award from the Emergency Medicine Foundationby an Institutional Clinicaland Translational Science Award,NIH/NCRR Grant Number 5UL1RR026314-02
文摘BACKGROUND:Numerous medical conditions require timely medication administration in the emergency department(ED).Automated dispensing systems(ADSs)store premixed common doses at the point-of-care to minimize time to administration,but the use of such automation to improved time to medication administration has not been studied.Since vancomycin is a commonly used empiric antimicrobial,we sought to quantify the effect of using an ADS on time to drug delivery in patients presenting to the ED.The study aimed to determine the efficacy of utilizing an ADS to improve time to administration of vancomycin and determine any negative effects on dosing appropriateness.METHODS:The institional review board approved the retrospective quality improvement study took place in a single,urban academic tertiary care ED with an annual census of 80 000.Study subjects were all patients receiving vancomycin for the management of sepsis between March 1 to September 30,2008 and the same time period in 2009.The primary outcome was the proportion of patients who received vancomycin within one hour of bed placement and the secondary outcome was dosing appropriateness.RESULTS:Sixty-three patients had weight and dosing information available(29 before and 34after intervention)and were included in the study.Before intervention,no patient received vancomycin in less than 60 minutes,while after intervention 14.7%of the patients received it in less than 60minutes(difference in proportions 14.7%,95%CI 0.39%-30.0%,P=0.04).A similar proportion of the patients received correct dosing before and after intervention(44.8%vs.41.2%,difference in proportions 3.7%,95%CI-20.0%-26.7%,P=0.770).CONCLUSION:The use of an ADS may improve the timing of medication administration in patients presenting to the ED without affecting dosing appropriateness.
基金Project(2011CB013104)supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
文摘A new consistency control method for jet dispensing is proposed. First, the working parameters, namely, viscosity, supply pressure and supply time, are experimentally investigated. Then, the glue viscosity is approximated by a polynomial model using the least square method. Based on this model and temperatme control implemented using the Dahlin principle, the viscosity of the glue can be maintained at a constant value. Then, the viscosity model of the glue is applied to deriving the droplet mass as the nominal model of the temperature controller. The robustness of the temperature controller is analyzed by applying the small gain theory. The glue supply pressure controller is designed using the consistency control strategy, and the robustness is analyzed. Finall）, simulations and experiments are conducted using a jet dispensing control system. The results show that the proposed control strategy can significantly improve the droplet consistency.
文摘The life of impregnated Ba-W cathodes with a new construction have been evaluated using an accelerated life test at three different temperatures (1170℃,1130℃,1090℃) and constant current density (2A/cm^2).According to the relationship of life with operating temperatures,an accelerated equation has been set up.The cathode life at normal operating temperature is deducted based on the accelerated equation.The results show that life of the novel cathode exceeds 190,000 hour at a current density of 2A/cm^2.
基金financially supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China(No.2014CB932400)the National Nature Science Foundation of China Nos.51607102,51578310)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2016M601017)Guangdong Province Science and Technology Department(Nos.2014B090915002,2014A010105002,2015A030306010)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2017A030313279)
文摘Micro-supercapacitors with excellent electrochemical performance and aesthetic property are realized using the carbon nanotubes/manganese dioxide nanosheets（CNTs/δ-MnO2） composite as electrodes.This CNTs/d-MnO2 nanocomposite is excellently compatible with the slurry dispensing process for electrode fabrication, and thus is conducive for preparing thick electrode films, which exhibits a specific capacitance of 257 F/g with an electrode thickness of 13μm. By involving laser-scribing technique, the electrode film can be patterned with a high resolution and fabricated into a planar micro-supercapacitor,showing the maximum energy density of 6.83 mWh/cm^3 at the power density of 154.3 mW/cm^3, and maintained a value of 2.71 mWh/cm^3 at the maximum power density of 2557.5 mW/cm^3. Considering the versatility of the laser-scribing technical platform, the micro-supercapacitors fabricated in this way exhibit excellent aesthetic property and can cater to various miniaturized wearable electronic applications. This technology opens up opportunities for facile and scalable fabrication of high performance energy devices with shape diversity and a meaning of art.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60871053)the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (No. 2013CB328901)
文摘In order to obtain higher emission performance than that of a traditional M-type cathode, we have developed a new type impregnated dispenser cathode. The new cathode is impregnated with a new active substance with molar ratio of 26BaO·29SrO·8Sc2O3 ·7CaO·Al2O3 . This paper introduces the emission performance, surface active material, and work function of the new cathode. At 1100℃B , the DC current density and pulse current density are 30.6±1.0 A/cm2 and 171.6±2.8 A/cm2 , respectively, 2.1 and 5.4 times of that of an M-type cathode. The work function of the new cathode is 1.668± 0.002 eV. High concentration O-Al-Sc-Sr-Ba and O-Al-Sc-Ba are found in the pores and at pore edges, respectively. By comparing the emission performances and surface characteristics of as-polished and as-cleaned cathodes, it is proposed that, the emission around pore ends forms the major part of the total emission for the new cathodes.
