BACKGROUND:To assess the effectiveness of the telephone chest-compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)guided by a pre-recorded instructional audio when compared with dispatcher-assisted resuscitation.METHOD...BACKGROUND:To assess the effectiveness of the telephone chest-compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)guided by a pre-recorded instructional audio when compared with dispatcher-assisted resuscitation.METHODS:It was a prospective,blind,randomised controlled study involving 109 medical students without previous CPR training.In a standardized mannequin scenario,after the step of dispatcher-assisted cardiac arrest recognition,the participants performed compression-only resuscitation guided over the telephone by either:(1)the pre-recorded instructional audio(n=57);or(2)verbal dispatcher assistance(n=52).The simulation video records were reviewed to assess the CPR performance using a 13-item checklist.The interval from call reception to the first compression,total number and rate of compressions,total number and duration of pauses after the first compression were also recorded.RESULTS:There were no significant differences between the recording-assisted and dispatcher-assisted groups based on the overall performance score(5.6±2.2 vs.5.1±1.9,P>0.05)or individual criteria of the CPR performance checklist.The recording-assisted group demonstrated provided(170.2±48.0 vs.156.2±60.7).CONCLUSION:When provided by untrained persons in the simulated settings,the compression-only resuscitation guided by the pre-recorded instructional audio is no less efficient than dispatcher-assisted CPR.Future studies are warranted to further assess feasibility of using instructional audio aid as a potential alternative to dispatcher assistance.展开更多
To utilize exist SCADA(Supervisory Control and Data Acqui si tion)/EMS (Energy Management System) fully and economize capital, Henan Electric Power Dispatching and Communication Center in China established a set of H...To utilize exist SCADA(Supervisory Control and Data Acqui si tion)/EMS (Energy Management System) fully and economize capital, Henan Electric Power Dispatching and Communication Center in China established a set of Henan Dispatcher Training Simulator (HNDTS) base on its exist SCADA/EMS. In order to i ntegrated with exist SCADA/EMS, the integration method and technique are propose d. Graph data integration discussed with emphasis. After integration implemented , HNDTS can share all data with SCADA/EMS and dispatchers can be trained in same environment as real work situation, in the same time it can avoid amout of work of maintenance engineers. Both advantages and disadvantages of integration are analyzed. In the end of paper, the requirement for future DTS is put forward bas e on the experience of author.展开更多
A fault management dispatcher training simulator for large-scale Distribution Automation System (TDAS) is developed to train operators in distribution control center. This simulator is composed of independent simulati...A fault management dispatcher training simulator for large-scale Distribution Automation System (TDAS) is developed to train operators in distribution control center. This simulator is composed of independent simulation server and operator consoles and can be used for network analysis, network operation, fault management and evaluation. TDAS DB is duplicated online to the simulation server keeping the data security. The system can model distribution network penetrated with distributed generations (DG) using the real data from the TDAS DB. Network fault scenarios are automatically generated by calculating fault current and generating fault indicators. Also, manual entry of cry wolf alarm is available. Moreover, operation solution for scenario of fault isolation and service restoration is generated automatically so that trainee can check their operation result. Operator actions during training session are saved and can be played back as well as displayed on one-line diagram pictures.展开更多
There are two kinds of dispatching policies in content-aware web server cluster; segregation dispatching policy and mixture dispatching policy. Traditional scheduling algorithms all adopt mixture dispatching policy. T...There are two kinds of dispatching policies in content-aware web server cluster; segregation dispatching policy and mixture dispatching policy. Traditional scheduling algorithms all adopt mixture dispatching policy. They do not consider that dynamic requests＇ serving has the tendency to slow down static requests＇ serving, and that different requests have different resource demands, so they can not use duster＇s resource reasonably and effectively. This paper uses stochastic reward net （SRN） to model and analyze the two dispatching policies, and uses stochastic Petri net package （SPNP） to simulate the models. The simulation results and practical tests both show that segregation dispatching policy is better than mixture dispatching policy. The principle of segregation dispatching policy can guide us to design efficient scheduling algorithm.展开更多
This paper introduces a method for modeling the entire aggregated electric vehicle(EV)charging process and analyzing its dispatchable capabilities.The methodology involves developing a model for aggregated EV charging...This paper introduces a method for modeling the entire aggregated electric vehicle(EV)charging process and analyzing its dispatchable capabilities.The methodology involves developing a model for aggregated EV charging at the charging station level,estimating its physical dispatchable capability,determining its economic dispatchable capability under economic incentives,modeling its participation in the grid,and investigating the effects of different scenarios and EV penetration on the aggregated load dispatch and dispatchable capability.The results indicate that using economic dispatchable capability reduces charging prices by 9.7%compared to physical dispatchable capability and 9.3%compared to disorderly charging.Additionally,the peak-to-valley difference is reduced by 64.6%when applying economic dispatchable capability with 20%EV penetration and residential base load,compared to disorderly charging.展开更多
The operational environment of today's smart grids is becoming more complicated than ever before. A number of factors, including renewable penetration, marketization, cyber security, and hazards of nature, bring c...The operational environment of today's smart grids is becoming more complicated than ever before. A number of factors, including renewable penetration, marketization, cyber security, and hazards of nature, bring challenges and even threats to control centers. New techniques are anticipated to help dispatchers become aware of the accurate situations as they manipulate and navigate the situations as quickly as possible. To address the issues, we first introduce the background for this topic as well as the emerging technical demands of situational awareness in the dispatcher's environment. The general concepts and technical requirements of situational awareness are then summarized, aimed at offering an overview for readers to understand the state-of-the-art progress in this area. In addition, we discuss the importance of integrating the architecture of support tools in accordance with the dispatcher's thought process, which in fact guides correct and swift reactions in real-time operations. Finally, the prospects for situational awareness architecture are investigated with the goal of presenting situational awareness modules in an advanced and visualized manner.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze how and why contradictions recurrently arise regarding how incoming emergency calls at dispatch centers should be assessed,sorted,and handled.The study is based on...The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze how and why contradictions recurrently arise regarding how incoming emergency calls at dispatch centers should be assessed,sorted,and handled.The study is based on data from documents,study visits,and interviews with representatives from dispatch operators in a Swedish context.The results identify competing alarm and healthcare logics that are incompatible,which leads to contradictions between the national and regional approaches and,consequently,makes collaboration more difficult and affects the precision of emergency call assessment.The study also shows that the assessments of emergency calls are governed more by which logic is applied than by the assessor's formal competence.The study highlights the importance of feedback and subsequent analysis from the health service to the initial call assessment stage,which can improve the alarm logic's weaknesses with over-triage,without extending the response time.We also focused on the mechanisms required to develop and maintain a long-term sustainable alarm function.展开更多
The advent of microgrids in modern energy systems heralds a promising era of resilience,sustainability,and efficiency.Within the realm of grid-tied microgrids,the selection of an optimal optimization algorithm is crit...The advent of microgrids in modern energy systems heralds a promising era of resilience,sustainability,and efficiency.Within the realm of grid-tied microgrids,the selection of an optimal optimization algorithm is critical for effective energy management,particularly in economic dispatching.This study compares the performance of Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)and Genetic Algorithms(GA)in microgrid energy management systems,implemented using MATLAB tools.Through a comprehensive review of the literature and sim-ulations conducted in MATLAB,the study analyzes performance metrics,convergence speed,and the overall efficacy of GA and PSO,with a focus on economic dispatching tasks.Notably,a significant distinction emerges between the cost curves generated by the two algo-rithms for microgrid operation,with the PSO algorithm consistently resulting in lower costs due to its effective economic dispatching capabilities.Specifically,the utilization of the PSO approach could potentially lead to substantial savings on the power bill,amounting to approximately$15.30 in this evaluation.Thefindings provide insights into the strengths and limitations of each algorithm within the complex dynamics of grid-tied microgrids,thereby assisting stakeholders and researchers in arriving at informed decisions.This study contributes to the discourse on sustainable energy management by offering actionable guidance for the advancement of grid-tied micro-grid technologies through MATLAB-implemented optimization algorithms.展开更多
The penetration rate of new wind and photovoltaic energy in the power system has increased significantly,and the dramatic fluctuation of the net load of the grid has led to a severe lack of flexibility in the regional...The penetration rate of new wind and photovoltaic energy in the power system has increased significantly,and the dramatic fluctuation of the net load of the grid has led to a severe lack of flexibility in the regional grid.This paper proposes a hierarchical optimal dispatch strategy for a high proportion of new energy power systems that considers the balanced response of grid flexibility.Firstly,various flexibility resource regulation capabilities on the source-load side are analyzed,and then flexibility demand and flexibility response are matched,and flexibility demand response assessment is proposed;then,a hierarchical optimal dispatch model of the grid taking flexibility adjustment capability into account is established,and the upper model optimizes the net load curve with the objectives of minimizing the fluctuation of the net load,maximizing the benefits of energy storage and controllable loads,and optimizing the flexibility adjustment capability.The upper layer model optimizes the net load curve by minimizing net load fluctuation,maximizing energy storage and controllable load revenue,and optimizing flexibility adjustment capability.In contrast,the lower layer model optimizes the power allocation of thermal power units and regulates the lost load of wind and solar power generation by minimizing the total system operating cost.The results show that the proposed strategy improves the flexibility of the grid by 15.2%,gives full play to the regulation capability of each flexibility resource,and reduces the fluctuation of the net load by 15.6%to achieve optimal coordination between different types of flexibility resources.展开更多
The continuously increasing renewable energy sources(RES)and demand response(DR)are becoming crucial sources of system flexibility.Consequently,decision-dependent uncertainties(DDUs),inter-changeably referred to as en...The continuously increasing renewable energy sources(RES)and demand response(DR)are becoming crucial sources of system flexibility.Consequently,decision-dependent uncertainties(DDUs),inter-changeably referred to as endogenous uncertainties,impose new characteristics on power system dis-patch.The DDUs faced by system operators originate from uncertain dispatchable resources such as RES units or DR,while reserve providers encounter DDUs from the uncertain reserve deployment.Thus,a systematic framework was established in this study to address robust dispatch problems with DDUs.The main contributions are drawn as follows.①The robust characterization of DDUs was unfolded with a dependency decomposition structure.②A generic DDU coping mechanism was manifested as the bilateral matching between uncertainty and flexibility.③The influence of DDU incorporation on the convexity/non-convexity of robust dispatch problems was analyzed.④Generic solution algorithms adaptive for DDUs were proposed.Under this framework,the inherent distinctions and correlations between DDUs and decision-independent uncertainties(DIUs)were revealed,laying a fundamental theoretical foundation for the economic and reliable operation of RES-dominated power systems.Illustrative applications in the source and demand sides are provided to show the significance of considering DDUs and demonstrate the proposed theoretical results.展开更多
With the severe challenges brought by global climate change,exploring and developing clean and renewable energy systems to upgrade the energy structure has become an inevitable trend in related research.The comprehens...With the severe challenges brought by global climate change,exploring and developing clean and renewable energy systems to upgrade the energy structure has become an inevitable trend in related research.The comprehensive park systems integrated with photovoltaic,energy storage,direct current,and flexible loads(PEDF)is able to play an important role in promoting energy transformation and achieving sustainable development.In order to fully understand the advantages of PEDF parks in energy conservation and carbon reduction,this paper summarizes existing studies and prospects future research directions on the low-carbon operation of the PEDF park.This paper first introduces carbon emission monitoring and evaluation methods,and then analyzes bi-level optimal dispatch strategies for flexible loads.Meanwhile,the paper provides a prospective analysis of the innovations that can be brought by advanced technologies to the PEDF park.Finally,this paper puts forward the challenges faced by current research and provides prospects for future research directions.This paper emphasizes that related research should focus on collaborating key technologies of PEDF systems and integrating advanced innovations to address challenges and fully leverage the advantages of PEDF technology in energy saving and carbon reduction.This paper aims to provide systematic theoretical guidance and supplements for the research and practice of the PEDF technology.展开更多
With the intensification of the energy crisis and the worsening greenhouse effect,the development of sustainable integrated energy systems(IES)has become a crucial direction for energy transition.In this context,this ...With the intensification of the energy crisis and the worsening greenhouse effect,the development of sustainable integrated energy systems(IES)has become a crucial direction for energy transition.In this context,this paper proposes a low-carbon economic dispatch strategy under the green hydrogen certificate trading(GHCT)and the ladder-type carbon emission trading(CET)mechanism,enabling the coordinated utilization of green and blue hydrogen.Specifically,a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer(PEME)model that accounts for dynamic efficiency characteristics,and a steam methane reforming(SMR)model incorporating waste heat recovery,are developed.Based on these models,a hydrogen production–storage–utilization framework is established to enable the coordinated deployment of green and blue hydrogen.Furthermore,the gas turbine(GT)unit are retrofitted using oxygenenriched combustion carbon capture(OCC)technology,wherein the oxygen produced by PEME is employed to create an oxygen-enriched combustion environment.This approach reduces energy waste and facilitates low-carbon power generation.In addition,the GHCT mechanism is integrated into the system alongside the ladder-type CET mechanism,and their complementary effects are investigated.A comprehensive optimization model is then formulated to simultaneously achieve carbon reduction and economic efficiency across the system.Case study results show that the proposed strategy reduces wind curtailment by 7.77%,carbon emissions by 65.98%,and total cost by 12.57%.This study offers theoretical reference for the low-carbon,economic,and efficient operation of future energy systems.展开更多
The economic dispatch problem(EDP) of microgrids operating in both grid-connected and isolated modes within an energy internet framework is addressed in this paper. The multi-agent leader-following consensus algorithm...The economic dispatch problem(EDP) of microgrids operating in both grid-connected and isolated modes within an energy internet framework is addressed in this paper. The multi-agent leader-following consensus algorithm is employed to address the EDP of microgrids in grid-connected mode, while the push-pull algorithm with a fixed step size is introduced for the isolated mode. The proposed algorithm of isolated mode is proven to converge to the optimum when the interaction digraph of microgrids is strongly connected. A unified algorithmic framework is proposed to handle the two modes of operation of microgrids simultaneously, enabling our algorithm to achieve optimal power allocation and maintain the balance between power supply and demand in any mode and any mode switching. Due to the push-pull structure of the algorithm and the use of fixed step size,the proposed algorithm can better handle the case of unbalanced graphs, and the convergence speed is improved. It is documented that when the transmission topology is strongly connected and there is bi-directional communication between the energy router and its neighbors, the proposed algorithm in composite mode achieves economic dispatch even with arbitrary mode switching.Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of our algorithm through numerical simulations.展开更多
Considering the special features of dynamic environment economic dispatch of power systems with high dimensionality,strong coupling,nonlinearity,and non-convexity,a GA-DE multi-objective optimization algorithm based o...Considering the special features of dynamic environment economic dispatch of power systems with high dimensionality,strong coupling,nonlinearity,and non-convexity,a GA-DE multi-objective optimization algorithm based on dual-population pseudo-parallel genetic algorithm-differential evolution is proposed in this paper.The algorithm is based on external elite archive and Pareto dominance,and it adopts the cooperative co-evolution mechanism of differential evolution and genetic algorithm.Average entropy and cubic chaoticmapping initialization strategies are proposed to increase population diversity.In the proposed method,we analyze the distribution of neighboring solutions and apply a new Pareto solution set pruning approach.Unlike traditional models,this work takes the transmission losses as an optimization target and overcomes complex model constraints through a dynamic relaxation constraint approach.To solve the uncertainty caused by integrating wind and photovoltaic energy in power system scheduling,a multi-objective dynamic environment economical dispatch model is set up that takes the system spinning reserve and network highest losses into account.In this paper,the DE algorithm is improved to form the DGAGE algorithm for the objective optimization of the overall power system,The DE algorithm part of DGAGE is combined with the JAYA algorithm to form the system scheduling HDJ algorithm for multiple energy sources connected to the grid.The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated using CEC2022 and CEC2005 test functions,showing robust optimization performance.Validation on a classical 10-unit system confirms the feasibility of the proposed algorithm in addressing power system scheduling issues.This approach provides a novel solution for dynamic power dispatch systems.展开更多
Hydrogen energy is a crucial support for China’s low-carbon energy transition.With the large-scale integration of renewable energy,the combination of hydrogen and integrated energy systems has become one of the most ...Hydrogen energy is a crucial support for China’s low-carbon energy transition.With the large-scale integration of renewable energy,the combination of hydrogen and integrated energy systems has become one of the most promising directions of development.This paper proposes an optimized schedulingmodel for a hydrogen-coupled electro-heat-gas integrated energy system(HCEHG-IES)using generative adversarial imitation learning(GAIL).The model aims to enhance renewable-energy absorption,reduce carbon emissions,and improve grid-regulation flexibility.First,the optimal scheduling problem of HCEHG-IES under uncertainty is modeled as a Markov decision process(MDP).To overcome the limitations of conventional deep reinforcement learning algorithms—including long optimization time,slow convergence,and subjective reward design—this study augments the PPO algorithm by incorporating a discriminator network and expert data.The newly developed algorithm,termed GAIL,enables the agent to perform imitation learning from expert data.Based on this model,dynamic scheduling decisions are made in continuous state and action spaces,generating optimal energy-allocation and management schemes.Simulation results indicate that,compared with traditional reinforcement-learning algorithms,the proposed algorithmoffers better economic performance.Guided by expert data,the agent avoids blind optimization,shortens the offline training time,and improves convergence performance.In the online phase,the algorithm enables flexible energy utilization,thereby promoting renewable-energy absorption and reducing carbon emissions.展开更多
The integration of deep learning into smart grid operations addresses critical challenges in dynamic load forecasting and optimal dispatch amid increasing renewable energy penetration.This study proposes a hybrid LSTM...The integration of deep learning into smart grid operations addresses critical challenges in dynamic load forecasting and optimal dispatch amid increasing renewable energy penetration.This study proposes a hybrid LSTM-Transformer architecture for multi-scale temporal-spatial load prediction,achieving 28%RMSE reduction on real-world datasets(CAISO,PJM),coupled with a deep reinforcement learning framework for multi-objective dispatch optimization that lowers operational costs by 12.4%while ensuring stability constraints.The synergy between adaptive forecasting models and scenario-based stochastic optimization demonstrates superior performance in handling renewable intermittency and demand volatility,validated through grid-scale case studies.Methodological innovations in federated feature extraction and carbon-aware scheduling further enhance scalability for distributed energy systems.These advancements provide actionable insights for grid operators transitioning to low-carbon paradigms,emphasizing computational efficiency and interoperability with legacy infrastructure.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND:To assess the effectiveness of the telephone chest-compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)guided by a pre-recorded instructional audio when compared with dispatcher-assisted resuscitation.METHODS:It was a prospective,blind,randomised controlled study involving 109 medical students without previous CPR training.In a standardized mannequin scenario,after the step of dispatcher-assisted cardiac arrest recognition,the participants performed compression-only resuscitation guided over the telephone by either:(1)the pre-recorded instructional audio(n=57);or(2)verbal dispatcher assistance(n=52).The simulation video records were reviewed to assess the CPR performance using a 13-item checklist.The interval from call reception to the first compression,total number and rate of compressions,total number and duration of pauses after the first compression were also recorded.RESULTS:There were no significant differences between the recording-assisted and dispatcher-assisted groups based on the overall performance score(5.6±2.2 vs.5.1±1.9,P>0.05)or individual criteria of the CPR performance checklist.The recording-assisted group demonstrated provided(170.2±48.0 vs.156.2±60.7).CONCLUSION:When provided by untrained persons in the simulated settings,the compression-only resuscitation guided by the pre-recorded instructional audio is no less efficient than dispatcher-assisted CPR.Future studies are warranted to further assess feasibility of using instructional audio aid as a potential alternative to dispatcher assistance.
文摘To utilize exist SCADA(Supervisory Control and Data Acqui si tion)/EMS (Energy Management System) fully and economize capital, Henan Electric Power Dispatching and Communication Center in China established a set of Henan Dispatcher Training Simulator (HNDTS) base on its exist SCADA/EMS. In order to i ntegrated with exist SCADA/EMS, the integration method and technique are propose d. Graph data integration discussed with emphasis. After integration implemented , HNDTS can share all data with SCADA/EMS and dispatchers can be trained in same environment as real work situation, in the same time it can avoid amout of work of maintenance engineers. Both advantages and disadvantages of integration are analyzed. In the end of paper, the requirement for future DTS is put forward bas e on the experience of author.
文摘A fault management dispatcher training simulator for large-scale Distribution Automation System (TDAS) is developed to train operators in distribution control center. This simulator is composed of independent simulation server and operator consoles and can be used for network analysis, network operation, fault management and evaluation. TDAS DB is duplicated online to the simulation server keeping the data security. The system can model distribution network penetrated with distributed generations (DG) using the real data from the TDAS DB. Network fault scenarios are automatically generated by calculating fault current and generating fault indicators. Also, manual entry of cry wolf alarm is available. Moreover, operation solution for scenario of fault isolation and service restoration is generated automatically so that trainee can check their operation result. Operator actions during training session are saved and can be played back as well as displayed on one-line diagram pictures.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China (90204008) the Science Council of Wuhan(20001001004)
文摘There are two kinds of dispatching policies in content-aware web server cluster; segregation dispatching policy and mixture dispatching policy. Traditional scheduling algorithms all adopt mixture dispatching policy. They do not consider that dynamic requests＇ serving has the tendency to slow down static requests＇ serving, and that different requests have different resource demands, so they can not use duster＇s resource reasonably and effectively. This paper uses stochastic reward net （SRN） to model and analyze the two dispatching policies, and uses stochastic Petri net package （SPNP） to simulate the models. The simulation results and practical tests both show that segregation dispatching policy is better than mixture dispatching policy. The principle of segregation dispatching policy can guide us to design efficient scheduling algorithm.
基金State Grid Henan Power Company Science and Technology Project‘Key Technology and Demonstration Application of Multi-Domain Electric Vehicle Aggregated Charging Load Dispatch’(5217L0240003).
文摘This paper introduces a method for modeling the entire aggregated electric vehicle(EV)charging process and analyzing its dispatchable capabilities.The methodology involves developing a model for aggregated EV charging at the charging station level,estimating its physical dispatchable capability,determining its economic dispatchable capability under economic incentives,modeling its participation in the grid,and investigating the effects of different scenarios and EV penetration on the aggregated load dispatch and dispatchable capability.The results indicate that using economic dispatchable capability reduces charging prices by 9.7%compared to physical dispatchable capability and 9.3%compared to disorderly charging.Additionally,the peak-to-valley difference is reduced by 64.6%when applying economic dispatchable capability with 20%EV penetration and residential base load,compared to disorderly charging.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51437003)
文摘The operational environment of today's smart grids is becoming more complicated than ever before. A number of factors, including renewable penetration, marketization, cyber security, and hazards of nature, bring challenges and even threats to control centers. New techniques are anticipated to help dispatchers become aware of the accurate situations as they manipulate and navigate the situations as quickly as possible. To address the issues, we first introduce the background for this topic as well as the emerging technical demands of situational awareness in the dispatcher's environment. The general concepts and technical requirements of situational awareness are then summarized, aimed at offering an overview for readers to understand the state-of-the-art progress in this area. In addition, we discuss the importance of integrating the architecture of support tools in accordance with the dispatcher's thought process, which in fact guides correct and swift reactions in real-time operations. Finally, the prospects for situational awareness architecture are investigated with the goal of presenting situational awareness modules in an advanced and visualized manner.
文摘The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze how and why contradictions recurrently arise regarding how incoming emergency calls at dispatch centers should be assessed,sorted,and handled.The study is based on data from documents,study visits,and interviews with representatives from dispatch operators in a Swedish context.The results identify competing alarm and healthcare logics that are incompatible,which leads to contradictions between the national and regional approaches and,consequently,makes collaboration more difficult and affects the precision of emergency call assessment.The study also shows that the assessments of emergency calls are governed more by which logic is applied than by the assessor's formal competence.The study highlights the importance of feedback and subsequent analysis from the health service to the initial call assessment stage,which can improve the alarm logic's weaknesses with over-triage,without extending the response time.We also focused on the mechanisms required to develop and maintain a long-term sustainable alarm function.
文摘The advent of microgrids in modern energy systems heralds a promising era of resilience,sustainability,and efficiency.Within the realm of grid-tied microgrids,the selection of an optimal optimization algorithm is critical for effective energy management,particularly in economic dispatching.This study compares the performance of Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)and Genetic Algorithms(GA)in microgrid energy management systems,implemented using MATLAB tools.Through a comprehensive review of the literature and sim-ulations conducted in MATLAB,the study analyzes performance metrics,convergence speed,and the overall efficacy of GA and PSO,with a focus on economic dispatching tasks.Notably,a significant distinction emerges between the cost curves generated by the two algo-rithms for microgrid operation,with the PSO algorithm consistently resulting in lower costs due to its effective economic dispatching capabilities.Specifically,the utilization of the PSO approach could potentially lead to substantial savings on the power bill,amounting to approximately$15.30 in this evaluation.Thefindings provide insights into the strengths and limitations of each algorithm within the complex dynamics of grid-tied microgrids,thereby assisting stakeholders and researchers in arriving at informed decisions.This study contributes to the discourse on sustainable energy management by offering actionable guidance for the advancement of grid-tied micro-grid technologies through MATLAB-implemented optimization algorithms.
文摘The penetration rate of new wind and photovoltaic energy in the power system has increased significantly,and the dramatic fluctuation of the net load of the grid has led to a severe lack of flexibility in the regional grid.This paper proposes a hierarchical optimal dispatch strategy for a high proportion of new energy power systems that considers the balanced response of grid flexibility.Firstly,various flexibility resource regulation capabilities on the source-load side are analyzed,and then flexibility demand and flexibility response are matched,and flexibility demand response assessment is proposed;then,a hierarchical optimal dispatch model of the grid taking flexibility adjustment capability into account is established,and the upper model optimizes the net load curve with the objectives of minimizing the fluctuation of the net load,maximizing the benefits of energy storage and controllable loads,and optimizing the flexibility adjustment capability.The upper layer model optimizes the net load curve by minimizing net load fluctuation,maximizing energy storage and controllable load revenue,and optimizing flexibility adjustment capability.In contrast,the lower layer model optimizes the power allocation of thermal power units and regulates the lost load of wind and solar power generation by minimizing the total system operating cost.The results show that the proposed strategy improves the flexibility of the grid by 15.2%,gives full play to the regulation capability of each flexibility resource,and reduces the fluctuation of the net load by 15.6%to achieve optimal coordination between different types of flexibility resources.
基金supported by the Joint Research Fund in Smart Grid(U1966601)under cooperative agreement between the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)and State Grid Corporation of China.
文摘The continuously increasing renewable energy sources(RES)and demand response(DR)are becoming crucial sources of system flexibility.Consequently,decision-dependent uncertainties(DDUs),inter-changeably referred to as endogenous uncertainties,impose new characteristics on power system dis-patch.The DDUs faced by system operators originate from uncertain dispatchable resources such as RES units or DR,while reserve providers encounter DDUs from the uncertain reserve deployment.Thus,a systematic framework was established in this study to address robust dispatch problems with DDUs.The main contributions are drawn as follows.①The robust characterization of DDUs was unfolded with a dependency decomposition structure.②A generic DDU coping mechanism was manifested as the bilateral matching between uncertainty and flexibility.③The influence of DDU incorporation on the convexity/non-convexity of robust dispatch problems was analyzed.④Generic solution algorithms adaptive for DDUs were proposed.Under this framework,the inherent distinctions and correlations between DDUs and decision-independent uncertainties(DIUs)were revealed,laying a fundamental theoretical foundation for the economic and reliable operation of RES-dominated power systems.Illustrative applications in the source and demand sides are provided to show the significance of considering DDUs and demonstrate the proposed theoretical results.
基金This work was supported by National Key R&D Program of China for International S&T Cooperation Projects(Grant No.2019YFE0118700)which was provided by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(https://www.most.gov.cn/(accessed on 1 January 2025))+2 种基金the grant was received by Yun Zhao.This work was supported by Science and Technology Project of CSG Electric Power Research Institute(Grant No.SEPRIK23B052)which was provided by CSG Electric Power Research Institute(http://www.sepri.csg.cn/(accessed on 1 January 2025))the grant was received by Ziwen Cai.
文摘With the severe challenges brought by global climate change,exploring and developing clean and renewable energy systems to upgrade the energy structure has become an inevitable trend in related research.The comprehensive park systems integrated with photovoltaic,energy storage,direct current,and flexible loads(PEDF)is able to play an important role in promoting energy transformation and achieving sustainable development.In order to fully understand the advantages of PEDF parks in energy conservation and carbon reduction,this paper summarizes existing studies and prospects future research directions on the low-carbon operation of the PEDF park.This paper first introduces carbon emission monitoring and evaluation methods,and then analyzes bi-level optimal dispatch strategies for flexible loads.Meanwhile,the paper provides a prospective analysis of the innovations that can be brought by advanced technologies to the PEDF park.Finally,this paper puts forward the challenges faced by current research and provides prospects for future research directions.This paper emphasizes that related research should focus on collaborating key technologies of PEDF systems and integrating advanced innovations to address challenges and fully leverage the advantages of PEDF technology in energy saving and carbon reduction.This paper aims to provide systematic theoretical guidance and supplements for the research and practice of the PEDF technology.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(52477101)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20210932).
文摘With the intensification of the energy crisis and the worsening greenhouse effect,the development of sustainable integrated energy systems(IES)has become a crucial direction for energy transition.In this context,this paper proposes a low-carbon economic dispatch strategy under the green hydrogen certificate trading(GHCT)and the ladder-type carbon emission trading(CET)mechanism,enabling the coordinated utilization of green and blue hydrogen.Specifically,a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer(PEME)model that accounts for dynamic efficiency characteristics,and a steam methane reforming(SMR)model incorporating waste heat recovery,are developed.Based on these models,a hydrogen production–storage–utilization framework is established to enable the coordinated deployment of green and blue hydrogen.Furthermore,the gas turbine(GT)unit are retrofitted using oxygenenriched combustion carbon capture(OCC)technology,wherein the oxygen produced by PEME is employed to create an oxygen-enriched combustion environment.This approach reduces energy waste and facilitates low-carbon power generation.In addition,the GHCT mechanism is integrated into the system alongside the ladder-type CET mechanism,and their complementary effects are investigated.A comprehensive optimization model is then formulated to simultaneously achieve carbon reduction and economic efficiency across the system.Case study results show that the proposed strategy reduces wind curtailment by 7.77%,carbon emissions by 65.98%,and total cost by 12.57%.This study offers theoretical reference for the low-carbon,economic,and efficient operation of future energy systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62103203)
文摘The economic dispatch problem(EDP) of microgrids operating in both grid-connected and isolated modes within an energy internet framework is addressed in this paper. The multi-agent leader-following consensus algorithm is employed to address the EDP of microgrids in grid-connected mode, while the push-pull algorithm with a fixed step size is introduced for the isolated mode. The proposed algorithm of isolated mode is proven to converge to the optimum when the interaction digraph of microgrids is strongly connected. A unified algorithmic framework is proposed to handle the two modes of operation of microgrids simultaneously, enabling our algorithm to achieve optimal power allocation and maintain the balance between power supply and demand in any mode and any mode switching. Due to the push-pull structure of the algorithm and the use of fixed step size,the proposed algorithm can better handle the case of unbalanced graphs, and the convergence speed is improved. It is documented that when the transmission topology is strongly connected and there is bi-directional communication between the energy router and its neighbors, the proposed algorithm in composite mode achieves economic dispatch even with arbitrary mode switching.Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of our algorithm through numerical simulations.
基金funded by the Major Humanities and Social Sciences Research Projects in Zhejiang Higher Education Institutions,grant number 2023QN131National Innovation Training Program Project in China,grant number 202410451009.
文摘Considering the special features of dynamic environment economic dispatch of power systems with high dimensionality,strong coupling,nonlinearity,and non-convexity,a GA-DE multi-objective optimization algorithm based on dual-population pseudo-parallel genetic algorithm-differential evolution is proposed in this paper.The algorithm is based on external elite archive and Pareto dominance,and it adopts the cooperative co-evolution mechanism of differential evolution and genetic algorithm.Average entropy and cubic chaoticmapping initialization strategies are proposed to increase population diversity.In the proposed method,we analyze the distribution of neighboring solutions and apply a new Pareto solution set pruning approach.Unlike traditional models,this work takes the transmission losses as an optimization target and overcomes complex model constraints through a dynamic relaxation constraint approach.To solve the uncertainty caused by integrating wind and photovoltaic energy in power system scheduling,a multi-objective dynamic environment economical dispatch model is set up that takes the system spinning reserve and network highest losses into account.In this paper,the DE algorithm is improved to form the DGAGE algorithm for the objective optimization of the overall power system,The DE algorithm part of DGAGE is combined with the JAYA algorithm to form the system scheduling HDJ algorithm for multiple energy sources connected to the grid.The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated using CEC2022 and CEC2005 test functions,showing robust optimization performance.Validation on a classical 10-unit system confirms the feasibility of the proposed algorithm in addressing power system scheduling issues.This approach provides a novel solution for dynamic power dispatch systems.
基金supported by State Grid Corporation Technology Project(No.522437250003).
文摘Hydrogen energy is a crucial support for China’s low-carbon energy transition.With the large-scale integration of renewable energy,the combination of hydrogen and integrated energy systems has become one of the most promising directions of development.This paper proposes an optimized schedulingmodel for a hydrogen-coupled electro-heat-gas integrated energy system(HCEHG-IES)using generative adversarial imitation learning(GAIL).The model aims to enhance renewable-energy absorption,reduce carbon emissions,and improve grid-regulation flexibility.First,the optimal scheduling problem of HCEHG-IES under uncertainty is modeled as a Markov decision process(MDP).To overcome the limitations of conventional deep reinforcement learning algorithms—including long optimization time,slow convergence,and subjective reward design—this study augments the PPO algorithm by incorporating a discriminator network and expert data.The newly developed algorithm,termed GAIL,enables the agent to perform imitation learning from expert data.Based on this model,dynamic scheduling decisions are made in continuous state and action spaces,generating optimal energy-allocation and management schemes.Simulation results indicate that,compared with traditional reinforcement-learning algorithms,the proposed algorithmoffers better economic performance.Guided by expert data,the agent avoids blind optimization,shortens the offline training time,and improves convergence performance.In the online phase,the algorithm enables flexible energy utilization,thereby promoting renewable-energy absorption and reducing carbon emissions.
文摘The integration of deep learning into smart grid operations addresses critical challenges in dynamic load forecasting and optimal dispatch amid increasing renewable energy penetration.This study proposes a hybrid LSTM-Transformer architecture for multi-scale temporal-spatial load prediction,achieving 28%RMSE reduction on real-world datasets(CAISO,PJM),coupled with a deep reinforcement learning framework for multi-objective dispatch optimization that lowers operational costs by 12.4%while ensuring stability constraints.The synergy between adaptive forecasting models and scenario-based stochastic optimization demonstrates superior performance in handling renewable intermittency and demand volatility,validated through grid-scale case studies.Methodological innovations in federated feature extraction and carbon-aware scheduling further enhance scalability for distributed energy systems.These advancements provide actionable insights for grid operators transitioning to low-carbon paradigms,emphasizing computational efficiency and interoperability with legacy infrastructure.
