Aim To design and synthesize norcantharidin disodium phosphate derivatives. Methotis Diels-Alder reaction between furan and maleic anhydride afforded dehydronorcantharidin, and subsequent hydrogenation, phosphorylatio...Aim To design and synthesize norcantharidin disodium phosphate derivatives. Methotis Diels-Alder reaction between furan and maleic anhydride afforded dehydronorcantharidin, and subsequent hydrogenation, phosphorylation, and basification gave compounds 1 and 2, separately. Resuits The structures of compounds were confirmed by IR, NMR and FAB-MS. The aqueous solubility of 1 and 2 were improved, compared with the parent compounds, and their activities were more potent than norcantharidin 4 against MGCS03 cell lines. Conclusion The phosphorylation of norcantharidin analogues is an effective way to increase the activity and solubility.展开更多
The effects of Lobenzarit disodium (CCA) upon the activity of interleukin-1(IL-1) of peritoneal macrophages(PMΦ)in normal and in adjuvant arthritis AA) rats and on the release of hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2)of rat perit...The effects of Lobenzarit disodium (CCA) upon the activity of interleukin-1(IL-1) of peritoneal macrophages(PMΦ)in normal and in adjuvant arthritis AA) rats and on the release of hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2)of rat peritoneal macrophages were studied. CCA 10～200 μg/ml could inhibit IL-1activity in normal rat in vitro;CCA 10 and 50 mg/kg could depress the level of increased IL-1 in AA rats in vivo;CCA 5～100μg/ml could inhibit the release of H_2O_2 from rat PMΦin vitro.The results suggest that these effects could be one of the mechanisms of anti-inflammatory action of CCA.展开更多
Background: Pyrroloquinoline quinone(PQQ), which is a water soluble, thermo-stable triglyceride-quinone, is widely distributed in nature and characterized as a mammalian vitamin-like redox cofactor. The objective of t...Background: Pyrroloquinoline quinone(PQQ), which is a water soluble, thermo-stable triglyceride-quinone, is widely distributed in nature and characterized as a mammalian vitamin-like redox cofactor. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium(PQQ·Na2) on reproductive performance in sows.Results: Dietary supplementation with PQQ·Na2 significantly increased the total number of piglets born, the number of piglets born alive and the born alive litter weight. It also increased the antioxidant status in the placenta, plasma and milk. The concentration of NO was significantly increased in the plasma and placenta. RNA-seq analysis showed that462 unigenes were differentially expressed between the control(Con) treatment and PQQ treatment groups.Among these unigenes, 199 were upregulated, while 263 unigenes were downregulated. The assigned functions of the unigenes covered a broad range of GO categories. Reproduction(27, 7.03%) and the reproduction process(27, 7.03%) were assigned to the biological process category. By matching DEGs to the KEGG database, we identified 29 pathways.Conclusions: In conclusion, dietary supplementation with PQQ·Na2 in gestating and lactating sows had positive effects on their reproductive performance.展开更多
This work focuses on the organic depressant,disodium bis(carboxymethyl)trithiocarbonate(DBT),as a selectivedepressant in copper?molybdenum sulfide flotation separation.Micro-flotation,Zeta potential,FTIR and XPS measu...This work focuses on the organic depressant,disodium bis(carboxymethyl)trithiocarbonate(DBT),as a selectivedepressant in copper?molybdenum sulfide flotation separation.Micro-flotation,Zeta potential,FTIR and XPS measurements werecarried out to investigate the selective depression mechanism of DBT on chalcopyrite.Zeta potential and FTIR measurementsrevealed that DBT had higher affinity for chalcopyrite than molybdenite and the XPS results of chalcopyrite before and aftertreatment with DBT further proved that DBT adsorbed on chalcopyrite surface.The investigation indicates that the mechanism ofDBT adsorbing on chalcopyrite is mainly physical adsorption.Locked circuit experiments were carried out and the results showedthat DBT could be considered as a cleaner option in commercial Cu?Mo flotation separation circuits.展开更多
Applying a stimulating current to acupoints through acupuncture needles–known as electroacupuncture–has the potential to produce analgesic effects in human subjects and experimental animals. When acupuncture was app...Applying a stimulating current to acupoints through acupuncture needles–known as electroacupuncture–has the potential to produce analgesic effects in human subjects and experimental animals. When acupuncture was applied in a rat model, adenosine 5-triphosphate disodium in the extracellular space was broken down into adenosine, which in turn inhibited pain transmission by means of an adenosine A1 receptor-dependent process. Direct injection of an adenosine A1 receptor agonist enhanced the analgesic effect of acupuncture. The analgesic effect of acupuncture appears to be mediated by activation of A1 receptors located on ascending nerves. In neuropathic pain, there is upregulation of P2X purinoceptor 3 （P2X3） receptor expression in dorsal root ganglion neurons. Conversely, the onset of mechanical hyperalgesia was diminished and established hyperalgesia was significantly reversed when P2X3 receptor expression was downregulated. The pathways upon which electroacupuncture appear to act are interwoven with pain pathways, and electroacupuncture stimuli converge with impulses originating from painful areas. Electroacupuncture may act via purinergic A1 and P2X3 receptors simultaneously to induce an analgesic effect on neuropathic pain.展开更多
A simple and sensitive liquid chromatographic method was developed for quantification of cefotetan disodium (CTT),a semi-synthetic cephamycin antibiotic,in human plasma.CTT and the internal standard chloramphenicol we...A simple and sensitive liquid chromatographic method was developed for quantification of cefotetan disodium (CTT),a semi-synthetic cephamycin antibiotic,in human plasma.CTT and the internal standard chloramphenicol were extracted from plasma by a simple one-step protein precipitation with 35% (v/v) perchloric acid.Separation was carried out on a reverse-phase C18 column with a mobile phase of acetonitile-water containing 0.5% (v/v) phosphoric acids (20:80,v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The column effluent was monitored by UV detection at 300 nm.The column temperature was maintained at 40°C.This method demonstrated good linearity in the range of 0.525-300.0 μg/mL,with correlation coefficients greater than 0.99.The limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.525 μg/mL in human plasma.Intra-and inter-day precisions were less than 6.63% in terms of relative standard deviation (RSD).The accuracy,when expressed by the bias,ranged from 0.57% to 4.04%.The mean extraction recovery of CTT was higher than 40.94%.The method was found to be precise,accurate,and specific for CTT quantitative analysis,and was successfully applied for a pharmacokinetic study of CTT after a single intravenous dose of 1.0 g of CTT in healthy Chinese subjects.展开更多
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with pyrroloquinoline quinone(PQQ) in the form of PQQ disodium(PQQ·Na2) on the growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality and an...This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with pyrroloquinoline quinone(PQQ) in the form of PQQ disodium(PQQ·Na2) on the growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality and antioxidative ability of broilers. A total of 720 one-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly allocated to 1 of 6 treatments with 8 replicates of 15 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design. Birds were fed a PQQ·Na2-unsupplemented corn-soybean meal basal diet(control) or the basal diet supplemented with 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 or 0.5 mg PQQ·Na2 kg-1 for 42 d. Compared with the control chicks, the chicks fed the diets supplemented with PQQ·Na2 had lower(P<0.05) feed:gain(F/G) during the grower phase and drip losses of breast muscles on day 42. As supplemental PQQ·Na2 level increased, plasma total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC) on d 42, liver T-AOC on d 21 and heart T-AOC on d 21 and 42 increased linearly(P<0.05), but malondialdehyde concentrations in plasma, liver and heart on d 21 or 42 decreased linearly(P<0.001) or quadratically(P<0.005). The results from the present study indicate that dietary supplemental PQQ·Na2 can improve antioxidant ability and meat quality of broilers, and in general, it is implied that the optimal supplemental PQQ·Na2 level is 0.1 mg kg-1 of diet for broilers from 1 to 42 d of age.展开更多
Microstructure and phase transformation of disodium guanosine 5′-monophosphate(5′-GMPNa_2) are extremely important for controlling the process and understanding the mechanism of crystallization. In this work, the th...Microstructure and phase transformation of disodium guanosine 5′-monophosphate(5′-GMPNa_2) are extremely important for controlling the process and understanding the mechanism of crystallization. In this work, the thermodynamic properties of polymorphous 5′-GMPNa_2 especially the solubility were studied, the solubility results show that 5′-GMPNa_2 is more soluble in ethanol–water(E–W) than in isopropanol–water(I–W). The amorphous form of 5′-GMPNa_2 is more soluble than the crystalline form at the same mole fraction and temperature. Meanwhile, the crystalline forms and morphologies of the residual solids were characterized by PXRD and SEM. The results indicate that solid forms of 5′-GMPNa_2 transformed spontaneously from amorphous to crystalline when the ethanol proportion is ≥20%. In addition, increasing the pH facilitates the dissolution of 5′-GMPNa_2 and helps to maintain the crystalline form. The associated Gibbs free energy values were calculated to verify the trend of transformation from amorphous to crystalline 5′-GMPNa_2. These results should help to guide the industrial crystallization process and to obtain the crystalline form of 5′-GMPNa_2.展开更多
The title compound, Na 2Co(CO 3) 2·4H 2O, was synthesized by dropwise addition of 1.0 mL of 1 mol/L Co(CH 3COO) 2 to 50 mL of aqueous solution containing 7.0 g(66.0 mmol) of Na 2CO 3 and 2.5 g(29.8 mmol)...The title compound, Na 2Co(CO 3) 2·4H 2O, was synthesized by dropwise addition of 1.0 mL of 1 mol/L Co(CH 3COO) 2 to 50 mL of aqueous solution containing 7.0 g(66.0 mmol) of Na 2CO 3 and 2.5 g(29.8 mmol) of NaHCO 3 under stirring. A rose colored rhombohedral crystal grew by the slow evaporation of the solution of the title compoud at room temperature. The crystal structure was established on the basis of the single crystal X ray diffraction data. Na 2Co(CO 3) 2·4H 2O crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with a =0.856 6(1) nm, b =0.714 6(1) nm, c = 1 438 7(2) nm, β =97.59(1)° , V =0.873 0(2) nm 3 , D x=2.260 g/cm 3, F (000)=596, M r=296 99, μ (Mo K α)=21.06 cm -1 , Z =4 and the final R(F) =0.032 and wR(F 2) =0.068 on the basis of 947 reflections ( F 2 ≥ 2σ(F 0 2)). The crystal consists of H 2O molecules, Na + ions and 2D 2 ∞[Co(CO 3) 2] 2- layers extending parallel to (001). H 2O molecules and Na + cations are located between the 2D layers. Each Co atom is tetrahedrally coordinated by four O atoms from four CO 2- 3 groups with d (Co\_O)=0.206 5(2) nm, 0.207 6(2) nm and the angle of O\_Co\_O is in the range of 97.7(1)°—128.5(1)°. The CO 2- 3 group bridging two Co atoms via two O atoms deviates from D 3h symmetry with d (C\_O)=0.127 2(3)\_0.129 9(3) nm and the angle of O\_C\_O is in the range of 119.5(2)°\_123.4(2)°. Each Na atom, with two close Na neighbours at 0.338 4(2) nm and 0 346 7(2) nm, respectively, is octahedrally coordinated by six O atoms from four H 2O molecules and two carbonate groups belonging to two layers with d (Na\_O)=0.232 7(2)\_0.241 1(2) nm. Of two crystallographically different H 2O molecules, one forms hydrogen bonds to two CO 3 2- groups of one 2D layer, and the other to those from two different 2D layers. Na 2Co(CO 3) 2·4H 2O is antiferromagnetic below 16 K, and between 30\_300 K its magnetic behaviour obeys Curie Weiss law χ m(cm 3·mol -1 )=2.625/( T -12.1) with μ eff =4.5 B.M. at 298 K.展开更多
Objective： To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of pamidronate disodium in patients with bone lesions secondary to advanced breast carcinoma. Methods： A retrospective chart review was conducted of 62 patie...Objective： To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of pamidronate disodium in patients with bone lesions secondary to advanced breast carcinoma. Methods： A retrospective chart review was conducted of 62 patients receiving intravenous pamidronate disodium for metastatic breast cancer. The proportion of patients experiencing at least one skeletal related event （SRE） after 12 months of therapy was determined. Results： The proportion of patients who had an SRE was 29.00% （18 individuals） and the median time to first event was greater than 350 days. Radiotherapy（ll individuals）and pathologic fracture（6 individuals）were the most frequent type of SRE, while cord compression（1 individuals） and hypercalcaemia（0 individuals） were rare. A total of 37 individuals had transient hypocalcaemia without any clinical symptom. No significant creatinine abnormalities were encountered. There were no clinically relevant changes of calcium ,phosphate and creatinine before and after therapy. Conclusion： Long-term treatment with pamidronate disodium significantly reduces and delays skeletal morbidity from osteolytic metastases . Prolonged therapy was well tolerated. This study suggests that the rate of clinically relevant SREs is substantially lower than the event rate observed in phase llI clinical trials.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the efficacy of Danshen Injection combined with phosphocreatine disodium in treating frequent premature contractions during pregnancy and its effect on maternal and infant outcomes.[Methods]A to...[Objectives]To explore the efficacy of Danshen Injection combined with phosphocreatine disodium in treating frequent premature contractions during pregnancy and its effect on maternal and infant outcomes.[Methods]A total of 200 pregnant women with normal pregnancy and frequent premature contractions who were treated in the outpatient department of internal medicine in Women and Children's Hospital of Hubei Province and Xinzhou District People's Hospital of Wuhan Central Hospital during September 2015 and October 2018 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and observation group,100 cases for each group.The observation group was treated with Danshen Injection combined with phosphocreatine disodium,and the control group was treated with phosphocreatine disodium alone.The course of treatment in both groups was one week.During the treatment,the changes of heart rate,heart rhythm,electrocardiogram and 24-h dynamic electrocardiogram(DCG)of both groups were observed.[Results]After treatment,the clinical efficacy of the observation group was better than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).There were no adverse drug reactions in both groups.However,in the control group,non-sustained ventricular tachycardia(NSVT)was found in 24-h dynamic electrocardiogram(DCG)of 2 pregnant women with premature ventricular contraction.The pregnancy process was smooth,with full-term natural delivery and no fetal malformation.There was no significant difference in gestational age and neonatal weight between the two groups(P>0.05).However,there was a statistically significant difference in Apgar score between the two groups(P<0.05).During the 6-month postpartum follow-up,the mother and child were unharmed,and examination of repeated electrocardiograms showed that the conditions were normal.[Conclusions]Danshen Injection combined with phosphocreatine disodium has better efficacy in the treatment of frequent premature contractions during pregnancy and the maternal and infant outcomes than the treatment with phosphocreatine disodium alone,and it has good safety and can prevent premature contractions from progressing to tachyarrhythmias.展开更多
Objective: To observe the clinical application of Desloratadine Citrate Disodium combined with Budesonide suspension in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis CRS after endoscopic sinus surgery, and analyze the change o...Objective: To observe the clinical application of Desloratadine Citrate Disodium combined with Budesonide suspension in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis CRS after endoscopic sinus surgery, and analyze the change of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), eosinophils (EOS) and inflammatory factors level in patients. Method: A total of 90 cases of patients with CRS were randomly divided into control group (n=45) and observation group (n=45) according to the lottery method. Both groups were treated with endoscopic sinus surgery. On the basis of this, control group was given Budesonide suspension and observation group was treated with Desloratadine Citrate Disodium combined with Budesonide suspension. The change of serum IgE, EOS and inflammatory factors were measured before and after operation in all subjects. Results: There was no significant difference in IgE and EOS levels between control group and observation group before treatment. After treatment, the levels of serum IgE and EOS in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment. Moreover, after treatment, observation group was lower than control group, and the difference was significant. There was no significant difference in inflammatory factors level between control group and observation group before treatment. After treatment, the levels of serum IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and hs-CRP were significantly lower than those before treatment. After treatment, observation group was lower than the control group in the same period, the difference was significant. Conclusion:Combined Desloratadine Citrate Disodium treatment for CRS patients on the basis of endoscopic sinus surgery and Budesonide Nasal Spray treatment, it can more effectively reduce serum IgE and EOS levels, decrease the inflammatory response. Therefore it was a potential effective treatment for patients with CRS.展开更多
Disodium 5′-ribonucleotide,which is composed of disodium 5′-inosine(IMP)and disodium 5′-guanosine(GMP),is an important food additive.The lack of kinetic studies of it causes a lack of clarity in understanding the c...Disodium 5′-ribonucleotide,which is composed of disodium 5′-inosine(IMP)and disodium 5′-guanosine(GMP),is an important food additive.The lack of kinetic studies of it causes a lack of clarity in understanding the complicated multi-solute crystallization of IMP+GMP in ethanol-water.In this work,process analytical technology tools were used to obtain the thermodynamics and kinetic data from the experiments,the kinetic parameters of anti-solvent and cooling crystallization were investigated.The crystal form of IMP+GMP mixed crystal was determined,which was consistent with the IMP whether crystallized from pure water or ethanol-water.The effects of different anti-solvent addition rates and cooling rates on the metastable zone widths were studied,and the opposite effect on metastable zone width was found.The modified exponential empirical function was developed to correlate nucleation and growth kinetic equations under different conditions.The kinetic data were well fitted with adjusted correlation coefficient(adj-R^(2)>0.7),which is sufficient to provide a valid reference for process design and control.展开更多
文摘Aim To design and synthesize norcantharidin disodium phosphate derivatives. Methotis Diels-Alder reaction between furan and maleic anhydride afforded dehydronorcantharidin, and subsequent hydrogenation, phosphorylation, and basification gave compounds 1 and 2, separately. Resuits The structures of compounds were confirmed by IR, NMR and FAB-MS. The aqueous solubility of 1 and 2 were improved, compared with the parent compounds, and their activities were more potent than norcantharidin 4 against MGCS03 cell lines. Conclusion The phosphorylation of norcantharidin analogues is an effective way to increase the activity and solubility.
文摘The effects of Lobenzarit disodium (CCA) upon the activity of interleukin-1(IL-1) of peritoneal macrophages(PMΦ)in normal and in adjuvant arthritis AA) rats and on the release of hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2)of rat peritoneal macrophages were studied. CCA 10～200 μg/ml could inhibit IL-1activity in normal rat in vitro;CCA 10 and 50 mg/kg could depress the level of increased IL-1 in AA rats in vivo;CCA 5～100μg/ml could inhibit the release of H_2O_2 from rat PMΦin vitro.The results suggest that these effects could be one of the mechanisms of anti-inflammatory action of CCA.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan of China(2016YFD0501207)the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-36)
文摘Background: Pyrroloquinoline quinone(PQQ), which is a water soluble, thermo-stable triglyceride-quinone, is widely distributed in nature and characterized as a mammalian vitamin-like redox cofactor. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium(PQQ·Na2) on reproductive performance in sows.Results: Dietary supplementation with PQQ·Na2 significantly increased the total number of piglets born, the number of piglets born alive and the born alive litter weight. It also increased the antioxidant status in the placenta, plasma and milk. The concentration of NO was significantly increased in the plasma and placenta. RNA-seq analysis showed that462 unigenes were differentially expressed between the control(Con) treatment and PQQ treatment groups.Among these unigenes, 199 were upregulated, while 263 unigenes were downregulated. The assigned functions of the unigenes covered a broad range of GO categories. Reproduction(27, 7.03%) and the reproduction process(27, 7.03%) were assigned to the biological process category. By matching DEGs to the KEGG database, we identified 29 pathways.Conclusions: In conclusion, dietary supplementation with PQQ·Na2 in gestating and lactating sows had positive effects on their reproductive performance.
基金Project(2016zzts109)supported by the Innovation Driven Plan of Central South University,ChinaProject(B14034)supported by the National 111 Project,China
文摘This work focuses on the organic depressant,disodium bis(carboxymethyl)trithiocarbonate(DBT),as a selectivedepressant in copper?molybdenum sulfide flotation separation.Micro-flotation,Zeta potential,FTIR and XPS measurements werecarried out to investigate the selective depression mechanism of DBT on chalcopyrite.Zeta potential and FTIR measurementsrevealed that DBT had higher affinity for chalcopyrite than molybdenite and the XPS results of chalcopyrite before and aftertreatment with DBT further proved that DBT adsorbed on chalcopyrite surface.The investigation indicates that the mechanism ofDBT adsorbing on chalcopyrite is mainly physical adsorption.Locked circuit experiments were carried out and the results showedthat DBT could be considered as a cleaner option in commercial Cu?Mo flotation separation circuits.
文摘Applying a stimulating current to acupoints through acupuncture needles–known as electroacupuncture–has the potential to produce analgesic effects in human subjects and experimental animals. When acupuncture was applied in a rat model, adenosine 5-triphosphate disodium in the extracellular space was broken down into adenosine, which in turn inhibited pain transmission by means of an adenosine A1 receptor-dependent process. Direct injection of an adenosine A1 receptor agonist enhanced the analgesic effect of acupuncture. The analgesic effect of acupuncture appears to be mediated by activation of A1 receptors located on ascending nerves. In neuropathic pain, there is upregulation of P2X purinoceptor 3 （P2X3） receptor expression in dorsal root ganglion neurons. Conversely, the onset of mechanical hyperalgesia was diminished and established hyperalgesia was significantly reversed when P2X3 receptor expression was downregulated. The pathways upon which electroacupuncture appear to act are interwoven with pain pathways, and electroacupuncture stimuli converge with impulses originating from painful areas. Electroacupuncture may act via purinergic A1 and P2X3 receptors simultaneously to induce an analgesic effect on neuropathic pain.
基金supported by a grant of the Guangzhou Boji Clinical Research Center of New Drugs,Guangzhou,Guangdong,China
文摘A simple and sensitive liquid chromatographic method was developed for quantification of cefotetan disodium (CTT),a semi-synthetic cephamycin antibiotic,in human plasma.CTT and the internal standard chloramphenicol were extracted from plasma by a simple one-step protein precipitation with 35% (v/v) perchloric acid.Separation was carried out on a reverse-phase C18 column with a mobile phase of acetonitile-water containing 0.5% (v/v) phosphoric acids (20:80,v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The column effluent was monitored by UV detection at 300 nm.The column temperature was maintained at 40°C.This method demonstrated good linearity in the range of 0.525-300.0 μg/mL,with correlation coefficients greater than 0.99.The limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.525 μg/mL in human plasma.Intra-and inter-day precisions were less than 6.63% in terms of relative standard deviation (RSD).The accuracy,when expressed by the bias,ranged from 0.57% to 4.04%.The mean extraction recovery of CTT was higher than 40.94%.The method was found to be precise,accurate,and specific for CTT quantitative analysis,and was successfully applied for a pharmacokinetic study of CTT after a single intravenous dose of 1.0 g of CTT in healthy Chinese subjects.
基金supported by Fujian Ubaifu Biotechnology Co.Ltd.,Fuzhou,Chinathe Special Funds of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences for Distinguished Scientists+1 种基金the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-41)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(ASTIP-IAS08)。
文摘This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with pyrroloquinoline quinone(PQQ) in the form of PQQ disodium(PQQ·Na2) on the growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality and antioxidative ability of broilers. A total of 720 one-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly allocated to 1 of 6 treatments with 8 replicates of 15 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design. Birds were fed a PQQ·Na2-unsupplemented corn-soybean meal basal diet(control) or the basal diet supplemented with 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 or 0.5 mg PQQ·Na2 kg-1 for 42 d. Compared with the control chicks, the chicks fed the diets supplemented with PQQ·Na2 had lower(P<0.05) feed:gain(F/G) during the grower phase and drip losses of breast muscles on day 42. As supplemental PQQ·Na2 level increased, plasma total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC) on d 42, liver T-AOC on d 21 and heart T-AOC on d 21 and 42 increased linearly(P<0.05), but malondialdehyde concentrations in plasma, liver and heart on d 21 or 42 decreased linearly(P<0.001) or quadratically(P<0.005). The results from the present study indicate that dietary supplemental PQQ·Na2 can improve antioxidant ability and meat quality of broilers, and in general, it is implied that the optimal supplemental PQQ·Na2 level is 0.1 mg kg-1 of diet for broilers from 1 to 42 d of age.
基金Supported by the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(IRT_14R28)the National Basic Research Program of China(2013CB733602)+4 种基金the Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21390204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21636003,21506090)Open Fund by Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals(JSBGFC14005)Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials(SICAM)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)
文摘Microstructure and phase transformation of disodium guanosine 5′-monophosphate(5′-GMPNa_2) are extremely important for controlling the process and understanding the mechanism of crystallization. In this work, the thermodynamic properties of polymorphous 5′-GMPNa_2 especially the solubility were studied, the solubility results show that 5′-GMPNa_2 is more soluble in ethanol–water(E–W) than in isopropanol–water(I–W). The amorphous form of 5′-GMPNa_2 is more soluble than the crystalline form at the same mole fraction and temperature. Meanwhile, the crystalline forms and morphologies of the residual solids were characterized by PXRD and SEM. The results indicate that solid forms of 5′-GMPNa_2 transformed spontaneously from amorphous to crystalline when the ethanol proportion is ≥20%. In addition, increasing the pH facilitates the dissolution of 5′-GMPNa_2 and helps to maintain the crystalline form. The associated Gibbs free energy values were calculated to verify the trend of transformation from amorphous to crystalline 5′-GMPNa_2. These results should help to guide the industrial crystallization process and to obtain the crystalline form of 5′-GMPNa_2.
文摘The title compound, Na 2Co(CO 3) 2·4H 2O, was synthesized by dropwise addition of 1.0 mL of 1 mol/L Co(CH 3COO) 2 to 50 mL of aqueous solution containing 7.0 g(66.0 mmol) of Na 2CO 3 and 2.5 g(29.8 mmol) of NaHCO 3 under stirring. A rose colored rhombohedral crystal grew by the slow evaporation of the solution of the title compoud at room temperature. The crystal structure was established on the basis of the single crystal X ray diffraction data. Na 2Co(CO 3) 2·4H 2O crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with a =0.856 6(1) nm, b =0.714 6(1) nm, c = 1 438 7(2) nm, β =97.59(1)° , V =0.873 0(2) nm 3 , D x=2.260 g/cm 3, F (000)=596, M r=296 99, μ (Mo K α)=21.06 cm -1 , Z =4 and the final R(F) =0.032 and wR(F 2) =0.068 on the basis of 947 reflections ( F 2 ≥ 2σ(F 0 2)). The crystal consists of H 2O molecules, Na + ions and 2D 2 ∞[Co(CO 3) 2] 2- layers extending parallel to (001). H 2O molecules and Na + cations are located between the 2D layers. Each Co atom is tetrahedrally coordinated by four O atoms from four CO 2- 3 groups with d (Co\_O)=0.206 5(2) nm, 0.207 6(2) nm and the angle of O\_Co\_O is in the range of 97.7(1)°—128.5(1)°. The CO 2- 3 group bridging two Co atoms via two O atoms deviates from D 3h symmetry with d (C\_O)=0.127 2(3)\_0.129 9(3) nm and the angle of O\_C\_O is in the range of 119.5(2)°\_123.4(2)°. Each Na atom, with two close Na neighbours at 0.338 4(2) nm and 0 346 7(2) nm, respectively, is octahedrally coordinated by six O atoms from four H 2O molecules and two carbonate groups belonging to two layers with d (Na\_O)=0.232 7(2)\_0.241 1(2) nm. Of two crystallographically different H 2O molecules, one forms hydrogen bonds to two CO 3 2- groups of one 2D layer, and the other to those from two different 2D layers. Na 2Co(CO 3) 2·4H 2O is antiferromagnetic below 16 K, and between 30\_300 K its magnetic behaviour obeys Curie Weiss law χ m(cm 3·mol -1 )=2.625/( T -12.1) with μ eff =4.5 B.M. at 298 K.
文摘Objective： To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of pamidronate disodium in patients with bone lesions secondary to advanced breast carcinoma. Methods： A retrospective chart review was conducted of 62 patients receiving intravenous pamidronate disodium for metastatic breast cancer. The proportion of patients experiencing at least one skeletal related event （SRE） after 12 months of therapy was determined. Results： The proportion of patients who had an SRE was 29.00% （18 individuals） and the median time to first event was greater than 350 days. Radiotherapy（ll individuals）and pathologic fracture（6 individuals）were the most frequent type of SRE, while cord compression（1 individuals） and hypercalcaemia（0 individuals） were rare. A total of 37 individuals had transient hypocalcaemia without any clinical symptom. No significant creatinine abnormalities were encountered. There were no clinically relevant changes of calcium ,phosphate and creatinine before and after therapy. Conclusion： Long-term treatment with pamidronate disodium significantly reduces and delays skeletal morbidity from osteolytic metastases . Prolonged therapy was well tolerated. This study suggests that the rate of clinically relevant SREs is substantially lower than the event rate observed in phase llI clinical trials.
基金the Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(81370337&81970331).
文摘[Objectives]To explore the efficacy of Danshen Injection combined with phosphocreatine disodium in treating frequent premature contractions during pregnancy and its effect on maternal and infant outcomes.[Methods]A total of 200 pregnant women with normal pregnancy and frequent premature contractions who were treated in the outpatient department of internal medicine in Women and Children's Hospital of Hubei Province and Xinzhou District People's Hospital of Wuhan Central Hospital during September 2015 and October 2018 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and observation group,100 cases for each group.The observation group was treated with Danshen Injection combined with phosphocreatine disodium,and the control group was treated with phosphocreatine disodium alone.The course of treatment in both groups was one week.During the treatment,the changes of heart rate,heart rhythm,electrocardiogram and 24-h dynamic electrocardiogram(DCG)of both groups were observed.[Results]After treatment,the clinical efficacy of the observation group was better than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).There were no adverse drug reactions in both groups.However,in the control group,non-sustained ventricular tachycardia(NSVT)was found in 24-h dynamic electrocardiogram(DCG)of 2 pregnant women with premature ventricular contraction.The pregnancy process was smooth,with full-term natural delivery and no fetal malformation.There was no significant difference in gestational age and neonatal weight between the two groups(P>0.05).However,there was a statistically significant difference in Apgar score between the two groups(P<0.05).During the 6-month postpartum follow-up,the mother and child were unharmed,and examination of repeated electrocardiograms showed that the conditions were normal.[Conclusions]Danshen Injection combined with phosphocreatine disodium has better efficacy in the treatment of frequent premature contractions during pregnancy and the maternal and infant outcomes than the treatment with phosphocreatine disodium alone,and it has good safety and can prevent premature contractions from progressing to tachyarrhythmias.
文摘Objective: To observe the clinical application of Desloratadine Citrate Disodium combined with Budesonide suspension in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis CRS after endoscopic sinus surgery, and analyze the change of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), eosinophils (EOS) and inflammatory factors level in patients. Method: A total of 90 cases of patients with CRS were randomly divided into control group (n=45) and observation group (n=45) according to the lottery method. Both groups were treated with endoscopic sinus surgery. On the basis of this, control group was given Budesonide suspension and observation group was treated with Desloratadine Citrate Disodium combined with Budesonide suspension. The change of serum IgE, EOS and inflammatory factors were measured before and after operation in all subjects. Results: There was no significant difference in IgE and EOS levels between control group and observation group before treatment. After treatment, the levels of serum IgE and EOS in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment. Moreover, after treatment, observation group was lower than control group, and the difference was significant. There was no significant difference in inflammatory factors level between control group and observation group before treatment. After treatment, the levels of serum IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and hs-CRP were significantly lower than those before treatment. After treatment, observation group was lower than the control group in the same period, the difference was significant. Conclusion:Combined Desloratadine Citrate Disodium treatment for CRS patients on the basis of endoscopic sinus surgery and Budesonide Nasal Spray treatment, it can more effectively reduce serum IgE and EOS levels, decrease the inflammatory response. Therefore it was a potential effective treatment for patients with CRS.
基金Financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22178121 and 21908254)are greatly appreciated.
文摘Disodium 5′-ribonucleotide,which is composed of disodium 5′-inosine(IMP)and disodium 5′-guanosine(GMP),is an important food additive.The lack of kinetic studies of it causes a lack of clarity in understanding the complicated multi-solute crystallization of IMP+GMP in ethanol-water.In this work,process analytical technology tools were used to obtain the thermodynamics and kinetic data from the experiments,the kinetic parameters of anti-solvent and cooling crystallization were investigated.The crystal form of IMP+GMP mixed crystal was determined,which was consistent with the IMP whether crystallized from pure water or ethanol-water.The effects of different anti-solvent addition rates and cooling rates on the metastable zone widths were studied,and the opposite effect on metastable zone width was found.The modified exponential empirical function was developed to correlate nucleation and growth kinetic equations under different conditions.The kinetic data were well fitted with adjusted correlation coefficient(adj-R^(2)>0.7),which is sufficient to provide a valid reference for process design and control.
