In order to investigate and compare the effects of Tetradium ruticarpum and Glycyrrhizae extracts in terms of scavenging sodium nitrite and inhibiting N-ni- troso compounds formation, the 1_9（3^3） orthogonal test wa...In order to investigate and compare the effects of Tetradium ruticarpum and Glycyrrhizae extracts in terms of scavenging sodium nitrite and inhibiting N-ni- troso compounds formation, the 1_9（3^3） orthogonal test was conducted to extract the active components. In addition, the capacities of scavenging sodium nitrite and of in- hibiting the N-nitroso compounds formation were measured to confirm the optimum condition of extracting. When the scavenging rate was considered as the main index, the maximum capacities of scavenging sodium nitrite by the extracts of Tetradi- urn ruticarpum and Glycyrrhizae were 0.836 5 and 0.558 0, respectively. Further- more, when the disconnection rate was considered as the main index, the maximum capacities of inhibiting the N-nitroso compounds formation by the extracts of Tetradi- urn ruticarpum and G/ycyrrhizae were 0.922 8 and 0.625 6, respectively. As a re- suit, the capacity of inhibiting nitrosation reaction by Tetradium ruticarpum was shown to be much stronger than G/ycyrrhizae, no matter the scavenging rate or the disconnection rate as the main index to be considered.展开更多
In order to obtain the fine structure of Songliao Basin, four nearly vertical reflection profiles were acquired and then processed so as to get the poststack migration sections with two-way travel of 15s. In this pape...In order to obtain the fine structure of Songliao Basin, four nearly vertical reflection profiles were acquired and then processed so as to get the poststack migration sections with two-way travel of 15s. In this paper, we study the reflection characteristics in the southeastern and northeastern uplifting zones of Songliao Basin, discovering that the structure within the up-lifting zones has the following features: (i) The sedimentary thickness decreases from west to east and increases from north to south. (ii) In the northeastern and southeastern uplifting zones, the crustal reflection image varies remarkably along east-west or south-north direction. (iii) In the northeastern uplifting zone, the two-way travel time of Moho interface ranges within 9.6—11.0 s (the depth range of 30—34 km). (iv) In the southeastern uplift, the two-way travel time of Moho interface ranges within 9.7—10.4 s (the depth range of 30—32 km). The poststack migration sections manifest the peculiar phenomenon of the disconnecting Moho reflection phases in Songliao Basin with two-way travel time difference of 0.1—0.5 s (2 km or so). In the vicinity of disconnecting zone, there are several shear faults, which are wide within the uplifting zone and become narrow at the intersection of two uplifting zones. It can be inferred that these reflection images and peculiar reflections from Moho interface are attributed to the coupling of the following dynamic factors: multi-phase weak collision of Heilongjiang micro-continents, westward under-thrusting of Pacific plate and so on.展开更多
Dear Editors,The term“developmental disconnection syndromes”(DDSs)was first coined by Geshwind and Levitt in 2007[1]to describe the weakening of already formed connections or an absence of certain connections to est...Dear Editors,The term“developmental disconnection syndromes”(DDSs)was first coined by Geshwind and Levitt in 2007[1]to describe the weakening of already formed connections or an absence of certain connections to establish correct organization de novo in early developmental stages.DDSs include a number of neuropsychiatric diseases,such as autistic spectrum disorder(ASD)[1,2],which is characterized by impaired social communication and repetitive and stereotyped behaviors.Nevertheless,the exact etiology underlying these“disconnections”and their abnormal developmental trajectory remains largely unclear.Even less known is whether developmental disconnections relevant to autism can be rescued by early intervention thereby preventing neuropsychiatric and repetitive symptoms in later stages.This study addresses these important questions.展开更多
Twinning is a deformation mechanism that creates three-dimensional(3D)twin domains through the migration of twin facets.This occurs via the nucleation and glide of twinning disconnections(TDs),which can pile up to cre...Twinning is a deformation mechanism that creates three-dimensional(3D)twin domains through the migration of twin facets.This occurs via the nucleation and glide of twinning disconnections(TDs),which can pile up to create twin facets.A comprehensive under-standing of twin facets associated with 3D twins,including their atomic structures and energies,is crucial for understanding deformation twinning.In this study,we propose a molecular statics/dynamics(MS/MD)approach to determine characteristic twin facets enclosing 3D non-equilibrium/equilibrium{1011}twin domains,which has been much less studied than the counterpart{1012}twin domains.The stability of different TD pile-up arrangement with varying line senses informs the morphology of 3D non-equilibrium twins,which are bounded by{1010}_(T)||{1013}_(M),{1011}_(T)||{0002}_(M)and{1013}_(T)||{1013}_(M)coherent facets associated with pile-up of edge TDs,and discrete non-edge TDs aligned along CTBs with their line senses parallel to<4513>,<1101>,<5416><2113>or<1012>axes.Formation of semi-coherent facets of equilibrium twins is accompanied by rearrangement of TDs around misfit dislocations.3D equilibrium{1011}twins may comprise{1011}_(T)||{0002}_(M),{1457}_(T)||{3419}_(M),{1657}_(T)||{5617}_(M),{1433}_(T)||{3413}_(M),{0110}_(T)||{0111}_(M)and{0221}_(T)||{0221}_(M)semi-coherent facets in<1210>,<4513>,<1101>,<5416>,<2113>and<1012>axes,respectively.展开更多
We propose a dual-layer network model that integrates social and familial contexts,consisting of a social interaction layer and a family relationship layer.We design a reputation-based incentive mechanism incorporatin...We propose a dual-layer network model that integrates social and familial contexts,consisting of a social interaction layer and a family relationship layer.We design a reputation-based incentive mechanism incorporating strategy persistenceconsistency to investigate how reputation fosters cooperation.The model features the following aspects:(1)a dynamic disconnection-reconnection mechanism in the social layer,(2)a reputation-enhanced Fermi rule in the family layer,and(3)a refined partitioning of the family network.Simulation results indicate that the disconnection-reconnection parameter(σ)significantly enhances cooperation in the social network;the strategic persistence-consistency influencing factor(α)has a positive impact on cooperation in both layers;and moderately dividing the family network promotes the emergence of cooperation.The research findings facilitate group cooperation in complex networks and offer valuable insights for addressing social dilemmas in the real world.展开更多
Happy Days,one of Samuel Beckett's renowned works,is remarkable for its absurdity.The paper approaches the predominant feature from such aspects as fragmented characters,disconnected language,peculiar structure an...Happy Days,one of Samuel Beckett's renowned works,is remarkable for its absurdity.The paper approaches the predominant feature from such aspects as fragmented characters,disconnected language,peculiar structure and grotesque stagecraft.展开更多
Floating production storage and offioading （FPSO） vessels offer a cost-effective field development solution, especially in deepwater areas lacking an adequate pipeline network. Most FPSOs are permanently moored, i.e...Floating production storage and offioading （FPSO） vessels offer a cost-effective field development solution, especially in deepwater areas lacking an adequate pipeline network. Most FPSOs are permanently moored, i.e. the complete system is designed to withstand any kind of extreme environment at the field location. FPSOs that can be quickly disconnected from their moorings and risers have also been designed and deployed. The key feature of this type of disconnectable FPSO is that it can be disconnect and so avoid dangerous environmental conditions such as icebergs, hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico and typhoons in the South China Sea. In this paper, the concept of disconnectable FPSOs for deepwater field development is presented. Key technologies and their engineering analyses are highlighted. The merits and demerits of disconnectable vs permanent FPSOs are then evaluated. The paper concludes that both permanent and disconnectable FPSOs are versatile floating systems and their selection depends on safety, technological, cost and operational considerations.展开更多
AIM: To investigate perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing modified laparoscopic splenectomy and azygoportal disconnection (MLSD) with intraoperative autologous cell salvage.
AIM: To investigate perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing modified laparoscopic splenectomy or open splenectomy and azygoportal disconnection for portal hypertension.
As drilling operations move into remote locations and extreme water depths, recoil analysis requires more careful considerations and the incidence of emergency disconnect is increased inevitably. To accurately capture...As drilling operations move into remote locations and extreme water depths, recoil analysis requires more careful considerations and the incidence of emergency disconnect is increased inevitably. To accurately capture the recoil dynamics of a deep-water riser in an emergency disconnect scenario, researchers typically focus on modelling the influential subsystems (e.g., the tensioner, the mud discharge and seawater refilling process) which can be solved in the preprocessing, and then the determined parameters are transmitted into an existing global riser analysis software. Distinctively, the current study devotes efforts into the coupling effects resulting from that the suspended riser reacts the platform heave motion via the tensioner system in the course of recoil and the discharging fluid column follows the oscillation of the riser in the mud discharge process. Four simulation models are established based on lumped mass method employing different formulas for the top boundary condition of the riser and the discharging flow acceleration. It demonstrates that the coupling effects discussed above can significantly affect the recoil behavior during the transition phase from initial disconnect to the final hang-off state. It is recommended to develop a fully- coupled integrated model for recoil analysis and anti-recoil control system design before extreme deep-water applications.展开更多
Portal hypertension is a common disease with high mortality and serious influence on the life quality of patients. At present, shunt and disconnection are commonly used for the treatment of portal hyperten- sion. In r...Portal hypertension is a common disease with high mortality and serious influence on the life quality of patients. At present, shunt and disconnection are commonly used for the treatment of portal hyperten- sion. In recent years, combined procedures of shunt and disconnection have evoked the potential interest of surgeons. Initial experimental studies and clinical observations showed that the combined procedures are ideal for treating portal hypertension. Transju- gular intrahepatic portacaval shunt (TIPS) is a new minimally invasive technique in treating portal hy- pertension. Some surgeons have tried to perform dis- connection under laparoscopy with success. Liver transplantation will be the focus of portal hyperten- sion surgery in the future.展开更多
Breakthroughs in the generation of programmable sequence-specific nucleases (SSNs), such as zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs),TAL effector nucleases (TALENs) and the RNA-directed nuclease CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9)...Breakthroughs in the generation of programmable sequence-specific nucleases (SSNs), such as zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs),TAL effector nucleases (TALENs) and the RNA-directed nuclease CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9), have greatly increased the ease of plant genome engineering (Voytas, 2013; Malzahn et al.,2017). Programmable SSNs introduce a DNA double-strand break展开更多
First-principles calculations were performed to investigate the structures and energetics of {101n} coherent twin boundaries(CTBs) and glide twin boundaries(GTBs) in hexagonal close-packed(hcp) Ti. The formation mecha...First-principles calculations were performed to investigate the structures and energetics of {101n} coherent twin boundaries(CTBs) and glide twin boundaries(GTBs) in hexagonal close-packed(hcp) Ti. The formation mechanism of GTBs and their correlation with twin growth were fundamentally explored. Results suggested that GTBs can form from the gliding of CTBs, through their interaction with basal stacking fault. The gliding eventually restored the CTB structures by forming a pair of single-layer twinning disconnections. The pile-up of twinning disconnections should be responsible for the wide steps at twin boundaries as observed in high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, which can further promote twin growth. Possible effects of various alloying elements on pinning twin boundaries were also evaluated, to guide the strengthening design of Ti alloys.展开更多
Extensive lesions involving the posterior quadrant of the cerebral hemisphere （temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes） induce intractable epilepsy. These patients are potential candidates for surgical treatmenttu. ...Extensive lesions involving the posterior quadrant of the cerebral hemisphere （temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes） induce intractable epilepsy. These patients are potential candidates for surgical treatmenttu. Maintenance of isolated nerve tissue activity after surgery plays a crucial role in the neuroprotective effects of neurosurgery treatment. Disconnection surgery of the posterior quadrant is used to completely isolate nerve fibers, while blood supply at the isolated lobes is maintained. Subsequently, cavities caused by cystic or necrotic nerve tissues should be reduced as much as possible,展开更多
Grain boundary(GB)mediated deformation is a vital contributor to the plasticity of polycrystalline materials,where the disconnection model has become a widely recognized approach to depict the GB dynamics.However,expe...Grain boundary(GB)mediated deformation is a vital contributor to the plasticity of polycrystalline materials,where the disconnection model has become a widely recognized approach to depict the GB dynamics.However,experimental understanding of the atomistic disconnection dynamics remains scarce.In this case study of gold nanocrystals,atomistic disconnection dynamics governing the shear-coupled migration of flat GBs have been systematically investigated via in situ transmission electron microscopy nanomechanical testing supported by molecular dynamics simulations.Specifically,the site-dependent nucleation,shear-driven propagation,and diverse interactions associated with distinct GB disconnections are systematically elucidated and quantitatively compared.Moreover,the disconnection-mediated GB plasticity proves to prevail among different tilt and mixed GBs in gold.Eventually,a conceptual map of disconnection-mediated GB dynamics is established,which would furnish a unified understanding of GB plasticity in metallic materials.展开更多
Roads are conspicuous components in a river landscape;however,their impacts on river landscape patterns and ecological processes have not been systematically studied at the watershed scale.In this paper,the Lancang Ri...Roads are conspicuous components in a river landscape;however,their impacts on river landscape patterns and ecological processes have not been systematically studied at the watershed scale.In this paper,the Lancang River Valley in Yunnan Province,China was selected as a case to study road lateral disconnection and crossing impacts and identify river-road network interaction.This study was primarily focused on the road impacts on soil erosion intensity and patch density by using GIS analysis at different scales and explored their distribution with terrain factors.The results showed that river density revealed spatial autocorrelation although both of the roads and rivers were distributed unevenly in the valley.The lateral road(road curvature≥1.1)proportion correlated with soil erosion intensity(p 0.01)at the small sub-basin scale.Soil erosion intensity decreased with increasing lateral road buffer width.Light erosion generally accounted for a large proportion of the erosion in the lateral road buffer zones(1.0–4.0 km),while higher class lateral roads imposed greater impacts on soil erosion than lower class roads,which primarily had a moderate erosion level.In addition,the results of road-river intersection density indicated that road crossing impacts were significantly correlated with patch density at the small sub-basin scale.Topography factor(percent of slope>25°in each sub-basin had a close relationship with the ratio of total length of road line with curvature value≥1.1 to the total number of intersections.The correlation(p 0.01)between road impacts and terrain factor revealed that topography affected the road impact distribution in the Lancang River Valley.展开更多
Existing mobile robots mostly use graph search algorithms for path planning,which suffer from relatively low planning efficiency owing to high redundancy and large computational complexity.Due to the limitations of th...Existing mobile robots mostly use graph search algorithms for path planning,which suffer from relatively low planning efficiency owing to high redundancy and large computational complexity.Due to the limitations of the neighborhood search strategy,the robots could hardly obtain the most optimal global path.A global path planning algorithm,denoted as EDG*,is proposed by expanding nodes using a well-designed expanding disconnected graph operator(EDG)in this paper.Firstly,all obstacles are marked and their corners are located through the map pre-processing.Then,the EDG operator is designed to find points in non-obstruction areas to complete the rapid expansion of disconnected nodes.Finally,the EDG*heuristic iterative algorithm is proposed.It selects the candidate node through a specific valuation function and realizes the node expansion while avoiding collision with a minimum offset.Path planning experiments were conducted in a typical indoor environment and on the public dataset CSM.The result shows that the proposed EDG*reduced the planning time by more than 90%and total length of paths reduced by more than 4.6%.Compared to A*,Dijkstra and JPS,EDG*does not show an exponential explosion effect in map size.The EDG*showed better performance in terms of path smoothness,and collision avoidance.This shows that the EDG*algorithm proposed in this paper can improve the efficiency of path planning and enhance path quality.展开更多
BACKGROUND There have been few reports about the late effects of disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome(DPDS). Although few reports have described the recurrence interval of pancreatitis, it might be rare for recurrenc...BACKGROUND There have been few reports about the late effects of disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome(DPDS). Although few reports have described the recurrence interval of pancreatitis, it might be rare for recurrence to occur more than 5 years later.Herein, we describe a case of recurrence in an 81-year-old man after the treatment of walled-off necrosis(WON) with pancreatic transection 7 years ago.CASE SUMMARY An 81-year-old man visited our hospital with chief complaints of fever and abdominal pain 7 years after the onset of WON due to severe necrotic pancreatitis. His medical history included an abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA),hypertension, dyslipidemia, and chronic kidney disease. Computed tomography(CT) scan showed that the pancreatic fluid collection(PFC) had spread to the aorta with inflammation surrounding it, and CT findings suggested that bleeding occurred from the vasodilation due to splenic vein occlusion. First, we attempted to perform transpapillary drainage because of venous dilation around the residual stomach and the PFC. However, pancreatic duct drainage failed because of complete main pancreatic duct disruption. Second, we performed endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage. After transmural drainage, the inflammation improved and stenting for the AAA was performed successfully. The inflammation was resolved, and he has been free from infection for more than 2 years after the procedure.CONCLUSION This case highlights the importance of continued follow-up of patients for recurrence after the treatment of WON with pancreatic transection.展开更多
In order to avoid mistakes and to save a great deal of time in analysis, an innovative methodology was developed that can analyze the well operations and rig characteristics involved to define the best emergency disco...In order to avoid mistakes and to save a great deal of time in analysis, an innovative methodology was developed that can analyze the well operations and rig characteristics involved to define the best emergency disconnect sequence （EDS） available. A solution was developed based on the characteristics of the rigs and blowout preventers （BOPs）, and six variables were considered that directly affect the choice of EDS. All possible combinations of 64 scenarios were analyzed, and the priority of choice of the EDS was defined empirically. This paper presents an approach to EDS risk management and examples of exposure time （time without riser safety margin and shear capability） for the same well, which can be lowered from 13% to 0.1%. The impact of this reduction is related to the ability of the BOP to cut some of the heavy casings, in addition to improved availability of EDS modes. This implementation opened up many possibilities for the performance of risk exposure analysis, enabling comparison of several BOP configurations of contracted rigs and selection of the best options. This innovative approach allowed a better management of the rig schedules, prioritizing safety aspects and making it possible to allocate the fleet in a systematic way.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31372159)Scientific Research Foundation for The Junior Teachers in Beijing Normal University,Zhuhai(201353015)Innovative Foundation Project of Beijing Normal University,Zhuhai(1317713016)~~
文摘In order to investigate and compare the effects of Tetradium ruticarpum and Glycyrrhizae extracts in terms of scavenging sodium nitrite and inhibiting N-ni- troso compounds formation, the 1_9（3^3） orthogonal test was conducted to extract the active components. In addition, the capacities of scavenging sodium nitrite and of in- hibiting the N-nitroso compounds formation were measured to confirm the optimum condition of extracting. When the scavenging rate was considered as the main index, the maximum capacities of scavenging sodium nitrite by the extracts of Tetradi- urn ruticarpum and Glycyrrhizae were 0.836 5 and 0.558 0, respectively. Further- more, when the disconnection rate was considered as the main index, the maximum capacities of inhibiting the N-nitroso compounds formation by the extracts of Tetradi- urn ruticarpum and G/ycyrrhizae were 0.922 8 and 0.625 6, respectively. As a re- suit, the capacity of inhibiting nitrosation reaction by Tetradium ruticarpum was shown to be much stronger than G/ycyrrhizae, no matter the scavenging rate or the disconnection rate as the main index to be considered.
文摘In order to obtain the fine structure of Songliao Basin, four nearly vertical reflection profiles were acquired and then processed so as to get the poststack migration sections with two-way travel of 15s. In this paper, we study the reflection characteristics in the southeastern and northeastern uplifting zones of Songliao Basin, discovering that the structure within the up-lifting zones has the following features: (i) The sedimentary thickness decreases from west to east and increases from north to south. (ii) In the northeastern and southeastern uplifting zones, the crustal reflection image varies remarkably along east-west or south-north direction. (iii) In the northeastern uplifting zone, the two-way travel time of Moho interface ranges within 9.6—11.0 s (the depth range of 30—34 km). (iv) In the southeastern uplift, the two-way travel time of Moho interface ranges within 9.7—10.4 s (the depth range of 30—32 km). The poststack migration sections manifest the peculiar phenomenon of the disconnecting Moho reflection phases in Songliao Basin with two-way travel time difference of 0.1—0.5 s (2 km or so). In the vicinity of disconnecting zone, there are several shear faults, which are wide within the uplifting zone and become narrow at the intersection of two uplifting zones. It can be inferred that these reflection images and peculiar reflections from Moho interface are attributed to the coupling of the following dynamic factors: multi-phase weak collision of Heilongjiang micro-continents, westward under-thrusting of Pacific plate and so on.
基金support JCS,QX,and BQ,as well as covering all experimental and material costs for this project,NIH/NIMH R01 MH094360-06(HWD)grant to support HX,MZ,Lei Gao,Lin Gou,HH and HWD.
文摘Dear Editors,The term“developmental disconnection syndromes”(DDSs)was first coined by Geshwind and Levitt in 2007[1]to describe the weakening of already formed connections or an absence of certain connections to establish correct organization de novo in early developmental stages.DDSs include a number of neuropsychiatric diseases,such as autistic spectrum disorder(ASD)[1,2],which is characterized by impaired social communication and repetitive and stereotyped behaviors.Nevertheless,the exact etiology underlying these“disconnections”and their abnormal developmental trajectory remains largely unclear.Even less known is whether developmental disconnections relevant to autism can be rescued by early intervention thereby preventing neuropsychiatric and repetitive symptoms in later stages.This study addresses these important questions.
基金supports by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFB3708900).
文摘Twinning is a deformation mechanism that creates three-dimensional(3D)twin domains through the migration of twin facets.This occurs via the nucleation and glide of twinning disconnections(TDs),which can pile up to create twin facets.A comprehensive under-standing of twin facets associated with 3D twins,including their atomic structures and energies,is crucial for understanding deformation twinning.In this study,we propose a molecular statics/dynamics(MS/MD)approach to determine characteristic twin facets enclosing 3D non-equilibrium/equilibrium{1011}twin domains,which has been much less studied than the counterpart{1012}twin domains.The stability of different TD pile-up arrangement with varying line senses informs the morphology of 3D non-equilibrium twins,which are bounded by{1010}_(T)||{1013}_(M),{1011}_(T)||{0002}_(M)and{1013}_(T)||{1013}_(M)coherent facets associated with pile-up of edge TDs,and discrete non-edge TDs aligned along CTBs with their line senses parallel to<4513>,<1101>,<5416><2113>or<1012>axes.Formation of semi-coherent facets of equilibrium twins is accompanied by rearrangement of TDs around misfit dislocations.3D equilibrium{1011}twins may comprise{1011}_(T)||{0002}_(M),{1457}_(T)||{3419}_(M),{1657}_(T)||{5617}_(M),{1433}_(T)||{3413}_(M),{0110}_(T)||{0111}_(M)and{0221}_(T)||{0221}_(M)semi-coherent facets in<1210>,<4513>,<1101>,<5416>,<2113>and<1012>axes,respectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.72001207)。
文摘We propose a dual-layer network model that integrates social and familial contexts,consisting of a social interaction layer and a family relationship layer.We design a reputation-based incentive mechanism incorporating strategy persistenceconsistency to investigate how reputation fosters cooperation.The model features the following aspects:(1)a dynamic disconnection-reconnection mechanism in the social layer,(2)a reputation-enhanced Fermi rule in the family layer,and(3)a refined partitioning of the family network.Simulation results indicate that the disconnection-reconnection parameter(σ)significantly enhances cooperation in the social network;the strategic persistence-consistency influencing factor(α)has a positive impact on cooperation in both layers;and moderately dividing the family network promotes the emergence of cooperation.The research findings facilitate group cooperation in complex networks and offer valuable insights for addressing social dilemmas in the real world.
文摘Happy Days,one of Samuel Beckett's renowned works,is remarkable for its absurdity.The paper approaches the predominant feature from such aspects as fragmented characters,disconnected language,peculiar structure and grotesque stagecraft.
基金Supported by China National 111 Project Under Grant No.B07019
文摘Floating production storage and offioading （FPSO） vessels offer a cost-effective field development solution, especially in deepwater areas lacking an adequate pipeline network. Most FPSOs are permanently moored, i.e. the complete system is designed to withstand any kind of extreme environment at the field location. FPSOs that can be quickly disconnected from their moorings and risers have also been designed and deployed. The key feature of this type of disconnectable FPSO is that it can be disconnect and so avoid dangerous environmental conditions such as icebergs, hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico and typhoons in the South China Sea. In this paper, the concept of disconnectable FPSOs for deepwater field development is presented. Key technologies and their engineering analyses are highlighted. The merits and demerits of disconnectable vs permanent FPSOs are then evaluated. The paper concludes that both permanent and disconnectable FPSOs are versatile floating systems and their selection depends on safety, technological, cost and operational considerations.
基金Supported by Science and Education Foundation of Yangzhou,China
文摘AIM: To investigate perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing modified laparoscopic splenectomy and azygoportal disconnection (MLSD) with intraoperative autologous cell salvage.
文摘AIM: To investigate perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing modified laparoscopic splenectomy or open splenectomy and azygoportal disconnection for portal hypertension.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51879161)
文摘As drilling operations move into remote locations and extreme water depths, recoil analysis requires more careful considerations and the incidence of emergency disconnect is increased inevitably. To accurately capture the recoil dynamics of a deep-water riser in an emergency disconnect scenario, researchers typically focus on modelling the influential subsystems (e.g., the tensioner, the mud discharge and seawater refilling process) which can be solved in the preprocessing, and then the determined parameters are transmitted into an existing global riser analysis software. Distinctively, the current study devotes efforts into the coupling effects resulting from that the suspended riser reacts the platform heave motion via the tensioner system in the course of recoil and the discharging fluid column follows the oscillation of the riser in the mud discharge process. Four simulation models are established based on lumped mass method employing different formulas for the top boundary condition of the riser and the discharging flow acceleration. It demonstrates that the coupling effects discussed above can significantly affect the recoil behavior during the transition phase from initial disconnect to the final hang-off state. It is recommended to develop a fully- coupled integrated model for recoil analysis and anti-recoil control system design before extreme deep-water applications.
文摘Portal hypertension is a common disease with high mortality and serious influence on the life quality of patients. At present, shunt and disconnection are commonly used for the treatment of portal hyperten- sion. In recent years, combined procedures of shunt and disconnection have evoked the potential interest of surgeons. Initial experimental studies and clinical observations showed that the combined procedures are ideal for treating portal hypertension. Transju- gular intrahepatic portacaval shunt (TIPS) is a new minimally invasive technique in treating portal hy- pertension. Some surgeons have tried to perform dis- connection under laparoscopy with success. Liver transplantation will be the focus of portal hyperten- sion surgery in the future.
基金supported by a Collaborative Funding Grant from North Carolina Biotechnology Center and Syngenta Biotechnology (2016-CFG-8003)startup funds provided by East Carolina University and University of Maryland to Y.Q.a grant from the National Science Foundation (IOS-1339209)
文摘Breakthroughs in the generation of programmable sequence-specific nucleases (SSNs), such as zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs),TAL effector nucleases (TALENs) and the RNA-directed nuclease CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9), have greatly increased the ease of plant genome engineering (Voytas, 2013; Malzahn et al.,2017). Programmable SSNs introduce a DNA double-strand break
基金the financial support from the National MCF Energy R&D Program of China (2018YFE0306100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51971249)the State Key Laboratory for Powder Metallurgy,Central South University,Changsha,China
文摘First-principles calculations were performed to investigate the structures and energetics of {101n} coherent twin boundaries(CTBs) and glide twin boundaries(GTBs) in hexagonal close-packed(hcp) Ti. The formation mechanism of GTBs and their correlation with twin growth were fundamentally explored. Results suggested that GTBs can form from the gliding of CTBs, through their interaction with basal stacking fault. The gliding eventually restored the CTB structures by forming a pair of single-layer twinning disconnections. The pile-up of twinning disconnections should be responsible for the wide steps at twin boundaries as observed in high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, which can further promote twin growth. Possible effects of various alloying elements on pinning twin boundaries were also evaluated, to guide the strengthening design of Ti alloys.
基金The Science Fund of Health Bureau of Tianjin,No.2013KZ046
文摘Extensive lesions involving the posterior quadrant of the cerebral hemisphere （temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes） induce intractable epilepsy. These patients are potential candidates for surgical treatmenttu. Maintenance of isolated nerve tissue activity after surgery plays a crucial role in the neuroprotective effects of neurosurgery treatment. Disconnection surgery of the posterior quadrant is used to completely isolate nerve fibers, while blood supply at the isolated lobes is maintained. Subsequently, cavities caused by cystic or necrotic nerve tissues should be reduced as much as possible,
基金support of the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFA1200201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52071284 and 51771172)support from NSERC Discovery grant(No.RGPIN-05834-2019)。
文摘Grain boundary(GB)mediated deformation is a vital contributor to the plasticity of polycrystalline materials,where the disconnection model has become a widely recognized approach to depict the GB dynamics.However,experimental understanding of the atomistic disconnection dynamics remains scarce.In this case study of gold nanocrystals,atomistic disconnection dynamics governing the shear-coupled migration of flat GBs have been systematically investigated via in situ transmission electron microscopy nanomechanical testing supported by molecular dynamics simulations.Specifically,the site-dependent nucleation,shear-driven propagation,and diverse interactions associated with distinct GB disconnections are systematically elucidated and quantitatively compared.Moreover,the disconnection-mediated GB plasticity proves to prevail among different tilt and mixed GBs in gold.Eventually,a conceptual map of disconnection-mediated GB dynamics is established,which would furnish a unified understanding of GB plasticity in metallic materials.
基金Under the auspices of Nonprofit Environment Protection Specific Project of China(No.201209029-4)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50939001)
文摘Roads are conspicuous components in a river landscape;however,their impacts on river landscape patterns and ecological processes have not been systematically studied at the watershed scale.In this paper,the Lancang River Valley in Yunnan Province,China was selected as a case to study road lateral disconnection and crossing impacts and identify river-road network interaction.This study was primarily focused on the road impacts on soil erosion intensity and patch density by using GIS analysis at different scales and explored their distribution with terrain factors.The results showed that river density revealed spatial autocorrelation although both of the roads and rivers were distributed unevenly in the valley.The lateral road(road curvature≥1.1)proportion correlated with soil erosion intensity(p 0.01)at the small sub-basin scale.Soil erosion intensity decreased with increasing lateral road buffer width.Light erosion generally accounted for a large proportion of the erosion in the lateral road buffer zones(1.0–4.0 km),while higher class lateral roads imposed greater impacts on soil erosion than lower class roads,which primarily had a moderate erosion level.In addition,the results of road-river intersection density indicated that road crossing impacts were significantly correlated with patch density at the small sub-basin scale.Topography factor(percent of slope>25°in each sub-basin had a close relationship with the ratio of total length of road line with curvature value≥1.1 to the total number of intersections.The correlation(p 0.01)between road impacts and terrain factor revealed that topography affected the road impact distribution in the Lancang River Valley.
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB4700402).
文摘Existing mobile robots mostly use graph search algorithms for path planning,which suffer from relatively low planning efficiency owing to high redundancy and large computational complexity.Due to the limitations of the neighborhood search strategy,the robots could hardly obtain the most optimal global path.A global path planning algorithm,denoted as EDG*,is proposed by expanding nodes using a well-designed expanding disconnected graph operator(EDG)in this paper.Firstly,all obstacles are marked and their corners are located through the map pre-processing.Then,the EDG operator is designed to find points in non-obstruction areas to complete the rapid expansion of disconnected nodes.Finally,the EDG*heuristic iterative algorithm is proposed.It selects the candidate node through a specific valuation function and realizes the node expansion while avoiding collision with a minimum offset.Path planning experiments were conducted in a typical indoor environment and on the public dataset CSM.The result shows that the proposed EDG*reduced the planning time by more than 90%and total length of paths reduced by more than 4.6%.Compared to A*,Dijkstra and JPS,EDG*does not show an exponential explosion effect in map size.The EDG*showed better performance in terms of path smoothness,and collision avoidance.This shows that the EDG*algorithm proposed in this paper can improve the efficiency of path planning and enhance path quality.
文摘BACKGROUND There have been few reports about the late effects of disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome(DPDS). Although few reports have described the recurrence interval of pancreatitis, it might be rare for recurrence to occur more than 5 years later.Herein, we describe a case of recurrence in an 81-year-old man after the treatment of walled-off necrosis(WON) with pancreatic transection 7 years ago.CASE SUMMARY An 81-year-old man visited our hospital with chief complaints of fever and abdominal pain 7 years after the onset of WON due to severe necrotic pancreatitis. His medical history included an abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA),hypertension, dyslipidemia, and chronic kidney disease. Computed tomography(CT) scan showed that the pancreatic fluid collection(PFC) had spread to the aorta with inflammation surrounding it, and CT findings suggested that bleeding occurred from the vasodilation due to splenic vein occlusion. First, we attempted to perform transpapillary drainage because of venous dilation around the residual stomach and the PFC. However, pancreatic duct drainage failed because of complete main pancreatic duct disruption. Second, we performed endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage. After transmural drainage, the inflammation improved and stenting for the AAA was performed successfully. The inflammation was resolved, and he has been free from infection for more than 2 years after the procedure.CONCLUSION This case highlights the importance of continued follow-up of patients for recurrence after the treatment of WON with pancreatic transection.
基金the support of Intelie Soucoes em Informáica LTDA
文摘In order to avoid mistakes and to save a great deal of time in analysis, an innovative methodology was developed that can analyze the well operations and rig characteristics involved to define the best emergency disconnect sequence （EDS） available. A solution was developed based on the characteristics of the rigs and blowout preventers （BOPs）, and six variables were considered that directly affect the choice of EDS. All possible combinations of 64 scenarios were analyzed, and the priority of choice of the EDS was defined empirically. This paper presents an approach to EDS risk management and examples of exposure time （time without riser safety margin and shear capability） for the same well, which can be lowered from 13% to 0.1%. The impact of this reduction is related to the ability of the BOP to cut some of the heavy casings, in addition to improved availability of EDS modes. This implementation opened up many possibilities for the performance of risk exposure analysis, enabling comparison of several BOP configurations of contracted rigs and selection of the best options. This innovative approach allowed a better management of the rig schedules, prioritizing safety aspects and making it possible to allocate the fleet in a systematic way.
