In order to effectively detect potential geology anomalous bodies in coal bearing formation,such as coal seam thickness variation,small faults,goafs and collapse columns,and provide scientific guidance for safe and ef...In order to effectively detect potential geology anomalous bodies in coal bearing formation,such as coal seam thickness variation,small faults,goafs and collapse columns,and provide scientific guidance for safe and efficient mining,the SUMMIT-II EX explosion-proof seismic slot wave instrument,produced by German DMT Company,was used to detect the underground channel wave with the help of transmission method,reflection method and transflective method.Region area detection experiment in mining face had been carried out thanks to the advantage of channel wave,such as its great dispersion,abundant geology information,strong anti-interference ability and long-distance detecting.The experimental results showed that:(1)Coal seam thickness variation in extremely unstable coal seam has been quantitatively interpreted with an accuracy of more than 80%generally;(2)The faults,goafs and collapse columns could be detected and predicted accurately;(3)Experimental detection of gas enrichment areas,stress concentration regions and water inrush risk zone has been collated;(4)A research system of disaster-causing geology anomalous body detection by in-seam seismic survey has been built,valuable and innovative achievements have been got.Series of innovation obtained for the first time in this study indicated that it was more effective to detect disaster-causing potential geology anomalies by in-seam seismic survey than by ground seismic survey.It had significant scientific value and application prospect under complex coal seam conditions.展开更多
Flash floods are characterized by their destructive power,rapid onset,and unpredictability,often causing severe damage to both natural environments and socioeconomic systems.Understanding the detailed disaster-causing...Flash floods are characterized by their destructive power,rapid onset,and unpredictability,often causing severe damage to both natural environments and socioeconomic systems.Understanding the detailed disaster-causing mechanisms of flash floods is critical for eff ective disaster risk reduction.However,current studies have not captured the comprehensive circumstance of flash floods that integrates environment,hazard,and exposure from the perspective of disaster systems theory.To address the gap,this study established a systematic framework for comprehensively evaluating flash floods disaster-causing mechanisms in ungauged mountainous micro-watersheds by integrating multi-source data,including remote sensing observations,meteorological station data,unmanned aerial vehicle measurements,and participatory geographic information system data,with hydrological-hydrodynamic and statistical models.The proposed framework consists of four interconnected steps:design storm estimation,flash flood process simulation,critical rainfall calculation,and disaster loss evaluation.Through a case study conducted in Qialegeer Village,Xinjiang,China,we demonstrated the framework's applicability by reconstructing flash flood scenarios,including the 2017 event as well as those of 10 and 20 years return periods.The results demonstrate that our framework robustly and systematically elucidates flash flood disaster process in the region with high reliability.Furthermore,it is adaptable to other ungauged mountainous micro-watersheds.This framework ultimately serves to enhance disaster risk mitigation and build resilience in vulnerable mountainous communities.展开更多
Number of reservoirs in China ranks the first in the world. Due to the complex geology, and superimposing rainfall and reservoir water fluctuation, the bank collapse chain is prone to disasters. The Yangtze River Rese...Number of reservoirs in China ranks the first in the world. Due to the complex geology, and superimposing rainfall and reservoir water fluctuation, the bank collapse chain is prone to disasters. The Yangtze River Reservoir is key geological disaster prevention area. Studying the process of reservoir disaster is significant because of the limited territorial space utilization. Scientific and technological issues, i.e., the mechanism of bank collapse disaster chain of large reservoirs, the interaction mechanism of bank collapse disaster chain and territorial space utilization, the early identification, monitoring technology and ecological prevention and control technology system of disaster chain, and the territorial space geological safety and control technology system are focused. We consider the material transformation, energy transfer and information transmission in disaster chain;adopt the survey, Space-Air-Ground integrated monitoring, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and the multidisciplinary research methods;reveal the chain source development, evolution process of secondary and derivative disasters;explore the interaction mechanism of disaster chain and territorial space utilization;construct the system of early identification, monitoring, early warning, control and ecological preven-tion to achieve Emission Peak and Carbon Neutrality;provide theoretical and technical support for the territorial space geological safety, regulation and utilization of large reservoirs.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41130419).
文摘In order to effectively detect potential geology anomalous bodies in coal bearing formation,such as coal seam thickness variation,small faults,goafs and collapse columns,and provide scientific guidance for safe and efficient mining,the SUMMIT-II EX explosion-proof seismic slot wave instrument,produced by German DMT Company,was used to detect the underground channel wave with the help of transmission method,reflection method and transflective method.Region area detection experiment in mining face had been carried out thanks to the advantage of channel wave,such as its great dispersion,abundant geology information,strong anti-interference ability and long-distance detecting.The experimental results showed that:(1)Coal seam thickness variation in extremely unstable coal seam has been quantitatively interpreted with an accuracy of more than 80%generally;(2)The faults,goafs and collapse columns could be detected and predicted accurately;(3)Experimental detection of gas enrichment areas,stress concentration regions and water inrush risk zone has been collated;(4)A research system of disaster-causing geology anomalous body detection by in-seam seismic survey has been built,valuable and innovative achievements have been got.Series of innovation obtained for the first time in this study indicated that it was more effective to detect disaster-causing potential geology anomalies by in-seam seismic survey than by ground seismic survey.It had significant scientific value and application prospect under complex coal seam conditions.
基金funded by the Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition Program(Grant No.2022xjkk0601)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42471085,U22B2011)Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2023AFB823)。
文摘Flash floods are characterized by their destructive power,rapid onset,and unpredictability,often causing severe damage to both natural environments and socioeconomic systems.Understanding the detailed disaster-causing mechanisms of flash floods is critical for eff ective disaster risk reduction.However,current studies have not captured the comprehensive circumstance of flash floods that integrates environment,hazard,and exposure from the perspective of disaster systems theory.To address the gap,this study established a systematic framework for comprehensively evaluating flash floods disaster-causing mechanisms in ungauged mountainous micro-watersheds by integrating multi-source data,including remote sensing observations,meteorological station data,unmanned aerial vehicle measurements,and participatory geographic information system data,with hydrological-hydrodynamic and statistical models.The proposed framework consists of four interconnected steps:design storm estimation,flash flood process simulation,critical rainfall calculation,and disaster loss evaluation.Through a case study conducted in Qialegeer Village,Xinjiang,China,we demonstrated the framework's applicability by reconstructing flash flood scenarios,including the 2017 event as well as those of 10 and 20 years return periods.The results demonstrate that our framework robustly and systematically elucidates flash flood disaster process in the region with high reliability.Furthermore,it is adaptable to other ungauged mountainous micro-watersheds.This framework ultimately serves to enhance disaster risk mitigation and build resilience in vulnerable mountainous communities.
文摘Number of reservoirs in China ranks the first in the world. Due to the complex geology, and superimposing rainfall and reservoir water fluctuation, the bank collapse chain is prone to disasters. The Yangtze River Reservoir is key geological disaster prevention area. Studying the process of reservoir disaster is significant because of the limited territorial space utilization. Scientific and technological issues, i.e., the mechanism of bank collapse disaster chain of large reservoirs, the interaction mechanism of bank collapse disaster chain and territorial space utilization, the early identification, monitoring technology and ecological prevention and control technology system of disaster chain, and the territorial space geological safety and control technology system are focused. We consider the material transformation, energy transfer and information transmission in disaster chain;adopt the survey, Space-Air-Ground integrated monitoring, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and the multidisciplinary research methods;reveal the chain source development, evolution process of secondary and derivative disasters;explore the interaction mechanism of disaster chain and territorial space utilization;construct the system of early identification, monitoring, early warning, control and ecological preven-tion to achieve Emission Peak and Carbon Neutrality;provide theoretical and technical support for the territorial space geological safety, regulation and utilization of large reservoirs.
