Erectile dysfunction(ED)is prevalent among men,but its relationship with dietary habits is uncertain.The aim of our study was to assess whether dietary patterns enhance erectile function by reviewing the literature pu...Erectile dysfunction(ED)is prevalent among men,but its relationship with dietary habits is uncertain.The aim of our study was to assess whether dietary patterns enhance erectile function by reviewing the literature published before August 1,2022,via PubMed,Web of Science,and EMBASE databases.The data compiled included author details;publication dates,countries,treatments,patient numbers,ages,follow-ups,and clinical trial outcomes,such as ED cases,odds ratios(ORs),confidence intervals(CIs),and International Index of Erectile Function-5(IIEF-5)scores with means and standard deviations.An analysis of 14 studies with 27389 participants revealed that plant-based diets(OR=0.71,95%CI:0.66-0.75;P<0.00001),low-fat diets(OR=0.27,95%CI:0.13-0.53;P=0.0002),and alternative diets such as intermittent fasting and organic diets(OR=0.54,95%CI:0.36-0.80;P=0.002)significantly reduced ED risk.High-protein low-fat diets(hazard ratio[HR]=1.38,95%CI:1.12-1.64;P<0.00001)and high-carb low-fat diets(HR=0.79,95%CI:0.55-1.04;P<0.00001)improved IIEF-5 scores.Combined diet and exercise interventions decreased the likelihood of ED(OR=0.49,95%CI:0.28-0.85;P=0.01)and increased the IIEF-5 score(OR=3.40,95%CI:1.69-5.11;P<0.0001).Diets abundant in fruits and vegetables(OR=0.97,95%CI:0.96-0.98;P<0.00001)and nuts(OR=0.54,95%CI:0.37-0.80;P=0.002)were also correlated with lower ED risk.Our meta-analysis underscores a strong dietary-ED association,suggesting that low-fat/Mediterranean diets rich in produce and nuts could benefit ED management.展开更多
Objective: Plant-based diets have multiple health benefits for cancers;however, little is known about the association between plant-based dietary patterns and esophageal cancer(EC).This study presents an investigation...Objective: Plant-based diets have multiple health benefits for cancers;however, little is known about the association between plant-based dietary patterns and esophageal cancer(EC).This study presents an investigation of the prospective associations among three predefined indices of plant-based dietary patterns and the risk of EC.Methods: We performed endoscopic screening for 15,709 participants aged 40-69 years from two high-risk areas of China from January 2005 to December 2009 and followed the cohort until December 31, 2022. The overall plant-based diet index(PDI), healthful plant-based diet index(h PDI), and unhealthful plant-based diet index(u PDI), were calculated using survey responses to assess dietary patterns. We applied Cox proportional hazard regression to estimate the multivariable hazard ratios(HRs) and 95% confidence intervals(95% CIs) of EC across 3plant-based diet indices and further stratified the analysis by subgroups.Results: The final study sample included 15,184 participants in the cohort. During a follow-up of 219,365person-years, 176 patients with EC were identified. When the highest quartile was compared with the lowest quartile, the pooled multivariable-adjusted HR of EC was 0.50(95% CI, 0.32-0.77) for h PDI. In addition, the HR per 10-point increase in the h PDI score was 0.42(95% CI, 0.27-0.66) for ECs. Conversely, u PDI was positively associated with the risk of EC, and the HR was 1.80(95% CI, 1.16-2.82). The HR per 10-point increase in the u PDI score was 1.90(95% CI, 1.26-2.88) for ECs. The associations between these scores and the risk of EC were consistent in most subgroups. These results remained robust in sensitivity analyses.Conclusions: A healthy plant-based dietary pattern was associated with a reduced risk of EC. Emphasizing the healthiness and quality of plant-based diets may be important for preventing the development of EC.展开更多
This study investigated the association of hypertension with cognitive impairment and determined whether better adherence to plant-based diet(PBD)patterns may modify the association.We analyzed 4485 elderly individual...This study investigated the association of hypertension with cognitive impairment and determined whether better adherence to plant-based diet(PBD)patterns may modify the association.We analyzed 4485 elderly individuals with normal cognition at baseline from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(2011−2018).Cognitive function was assessed by the Mini-mental State Examination(MMSE),and cognitive impairment was defined as an MMSE score below 18 points.Diet patterns were assessed using the overall plant-based diet index(PDI),healthful plant-based diet index(hPDI),and unhealthful plant-based diet index(uPDI)derived from a simplified food frequency questionnaire(FFQ).Blood pressure was measured through physical examination.Cox proportional hazard regression and restricted cubic spline were performed.Participants with hypertension had an increased risk of cognitive impairment compared with normal group.The associations between hypertension and cognitive impairment were more pronounced among participants with lower PDI than those with higher PDI,among participants with lower hPDI than those with higher hPDI,and among participants with higher uPDI than those with lower uPDI.A healthful PBD pattern may attenuate hypertension-induced cognitive impairment,while an unhealthful PBD pattern may exacerbate hypertensioninduced cognitive impairment in elderly.Adherence to healthful PBD pattern could be used to prevent or mitigate adverse neurological effects in the hypertensive population.展开更多
This cohort study was designed to explore the relationship between maternal dietary patterns(DPs)and bone health in Chinese lactating mothers and infants.We recruited 150 lactating women at 1-month postpartum.The esti...This cohort study was designed to explore the relationship between maternal dietary patterns(DPs)and bone health in Chinese lactating mothers and infants.We recruited 150 lactating women at 1-month postpartum.The estimated bone mineral density(eBMD)of subjects’calcanei and the information on dietary intake were collected.After 5-month follow-up,the eBMD of mothers and their infants were measured again.Factor analysis was applied to determine maternal DPs.General linear models were used to evaluate the association between maternal DPs and maternal eBMD loss or infants’eBMD.With all potential covariates adjusted,Factor 2(high intake of whole grains,tubers,mixed beans,soybeans and soybean products,seaweeds,and nuts)showed a positive association with the changes of maternal eBMD(β=0.16,95%CI:0.005,0.310).Factor 3(high intake of soft drinks,fried foods,and puffed foods)was inversely correlated with the changes of maternal eBMD(β=-0.22,95%CI:-0.44,0.00).The changes of maternal eBMD were positively associated with 6-month infants’eBMD(β=0.34,95%CI:0.017,0.652).In conclusion,Factor 2 might contribute to the maintenance of eBMD in lactating women,while Factor 3 could exacerbate maternal eBMD loss.Additionally,the changes of maternal eBMD presented a positive correlation with 6-month infants’eBMD.展开更多
Cancer is the leading cause of global mortality,resulting in millions of deaths each year.Even a small attenuation in cancer rates through preventive care can have a significant impact.Dietary habits are closely assoc...Cancer is the leading cause of global mortality,resulting in millions of deaths each year.Even a small attenuation in cancer rates through preventive care can have a significant impact.Dietary habits are closely associated with cancer.Unhealthy eating habits may contribute to traditional risk factors and accelerate the progression of cancer.Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of healthy dietary interventions in the prevention and treatment of various cancers,particularly through dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet,Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet,plant-based diet,and ketogenic diet.This review summarizes several studies on the impact of dietary patterns on cancer prognosis and explores the recent findings regarding themechanisms through which dietary interventions influence cancer progression and prognosis.展开更多
Objective To examine the association of maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy with gestationa diabetes mellitus （GDM） in northern China. Methods The dietary intakes of pregnant women were recorded twice by 24-h...Objective To examine the association of maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy with gestationa diabetes mellitus （GDM） in northern China. Methods The dietary intakes of pregnant women were recorded twice by 24-hour dietary recalls for three days prior to having been diagnosed with GDM, at 5-15 and 24-28 gestational weeks, respectively. GDM was diagnosed, and serum glycosylated hemoglobin （HbAlc） was measured at 24-28 weeks. Dietary patterns were assessed by factor analysis. The association of the dietary pattern with GDM and HbAlc was examined by multiple logistic models. Results Of 753 participants, 64 （8.5%） were diagnosed with GDM. Four dietary patterns were identified： Western pattern （dairy, baked/fried food and white meat）, traditional pattern （light-colored vegetables, fine grain, red meat and tubers）, mixed pattern （edible fungi, shrimp/shellfish and red meat） and prudent pattern （dark-colored vegetables and deep-sea fish）. Compared with the prudent pattern, both the Western pattern and the traditional pattern were associated with an increased risk of GDM （aOR = 4.40, 95% CI： 1.58-12.22; aOR = 4.88, 95% Ch 1.79-13.32） and a high level of HbAlc （aOR = 12.37, 95% Ch 1.47-103.91; aOR = 26.23, 95% CI： 2.54-270.74）. Compared to the lowest quartile （Q）, 0.3 of the Western pattern scores and Q3-Q4 of the traditional pattern scores were associated with a higher risk of GDM. Conclusion The consumption of the Western pattern or the traditional pattern during pregnancy may increase the risk of GDM.展开更多
Exploring the utilization effect of water-land resources under the evolution of dietary patterns is of great significance in achieving sustainable global food consumption and the effective allocation of national resou...Exploring the utilization effect of water-land resources under the evolution of dietary patterns is of great significance in achieving sustainable global food consumption and the effective allocation of national resources.Our selected study area was China,a country with rapidly changing dietary consumption patterns,and the research period was between 1987 and 2020.Based on the material called Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2021,this study introduced the“virtual water”and the“virtual land”to quantify the utilization effect of water-land resources under the evolution of Chinese dietary patterns.Results showed that the dietary patterns gradually changed from“cereal-vegetable-based consumption”to“diversified consumption”.Food consumption’s total water footprint(WF)increased from 471.1 Gm3in 1987 to 848.8 Gm3in 2020,with a growth rate of 80.2%.Moreover,the total land requirement for food(LRF)increased from 88.8 Mha in 1987 to 129.9 Mha in 2020,with a growth rate of 46.3%.Furthermore,the meat consumption was the major contributor to the increase in total WF(104.0%)and LRF(102.1%).In contrast to the balanced diet pattern,there was no waste of water-land resources consumption for the food consumption of urban-rural residents in China between 1987 and 2020.However,the consumption of water resources would gradually approach the resource cost under the balanced diet patterns.It would eventually break through the critical value and reach the state of resource waste.In addition,the findings showed that urban residents’waste rate of water-land resources for meat consumption increased by 142.3%compared with that in 1987.The research results can provide scientific guidance for resolving the food crisis under the supply of water-land resources in China and have an essential reference for national food security and sustainable development of resources and environment.展开更多
The incidence of infertility has recently risen.Semen quality is an important male fertility indicator,and dietary factors can affect semen quality.We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to determine th...The incidence of infertility has recently risen.Semen quality is an important male fertility indicator,and dietary factors can affect semen quality.We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effects of healthy dietary patterns on semen quality.A literature search was conducted in 3 databases(Embase,Web of Science and PubMed)on August 21,2021.The included cross-sectional studies examined the influence of the Mediterranean,Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension(DASH),and prudent diet patterns on semen quality parameters;six studies(1244 subjects)were included.By comparing high consumption with low consumption of healthy dietary patterns,the results of the meta-analysis showed significantly higher sperm concentrations(mean difference[MD]=6.88×10^(6) ml^(−1),95%confidence interval[CI]:1.26×10^(6) ml^(−1)–12.49×10^(6) ml^(−1);P<0.05),a significant increase in total sperm count(MD=16.70×10^(6),95%CI:2.37×10^(6)–31.03×10^(6);P<0.05),and a significant increase in progressive sperm motility(MD=5.85%,95%CI:2.59%–9.12%;P<0.01).The sperm concentration,progressive sperm motility,and total sperm count were significantly higher in men with higher versus lower consumption of healthy dietary patterns.However,the results must be interpreted with caution.展开更多
The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is rising worldwide,paralleling the epidemic of obesity.The liver is a key organ for the metabolism of proteins,fats and carbohydrates.Various types of fats and...The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is rising worldwide,paralleling the epidemic of obesity.The liver is a key organ for the metabolism of proteins,fats and carbohydrates.Various types of fats and carbohydrates in isocaloric diets differently influence fat accumulation in the liver parenchyma.Therefore,nutrition can manage hepatic and cardiometabolic complications of NAFLD.Even moderately reduced caloric intake,which leads to a weight loss of 5%-10%of initial body weight,is effective in improving liver steatosis and surrogate markers of liver disease status.Among dietary patterns,the Mediterranean diet mostly prevents the onset of NAFLD.Furthermore,this diet is also the most recommended for the treatment of NAFLD patients.However,clinical trials based on the dietary interventions in NAFLD patients are sparse.Since there are only a few studies examining dietary interventions in clinically advanced stages of NAFLD,such as active and fibrotic steatohepatitis,the optimal diet for patients in these stages of the disease must still be determined.In this narrative review,we aimed to critically summarize the associations between different dietary patterns,obesity and prevention/risk for NAFLD,to describe specific dietary interventions’impacts on liver steatosis in adults with NAFLD and to provide an updated overview of dietary recommendations that clinicians potentially need to apply in their daily practice.展开更多
Dietary pattern has been revealed to be associated with metabolic syndrome. However, the association was not well documented in Chinese due to the complexity of Chinese foods. We mainly assessed the dietary patterns a...Dietary pattern has been revealed to be associated with metabolic syndrome. However, the association was not well documented in Chinese due to the complexity of Chinese foods. We mainly assessed the dietary patterns and examined their effects on metabolic syndrome among Chinese adults. Four dietary patterns including ＇Refined Grains ＆ Vegetables＂ Pattern, ＇Dairy ＆ Eggs＇ Pattern, ＇Organ Meat ＆ Poultry＇ Pattern, and ＇Coarse Grains ＆ Beans＇ Pattern were extracted. ＇Dairy ＆ Eggs＇ Pattern was associated with a decreased odds of metabolic syndrome in women, and ＇Coarse Grains ＆ Beans＇ Pattern was associated with a decreased odds of hypertension in men. These results provided a scientific basis for future research and dietarv euideline Perfection.展开更多
Objective To investigate into the changes of dietary patterns and their impacts on health of urban and rural residents in Jiangsu Province, China during the 1990s. Methods On the basis of the results of food consumpti...Objective To investigate into the changes of dietary patterns and their impacts on health of urban and rural residents in Jiangsu Province, China during the 1990s. Methods On the basis of the results of food consumption survey, the calorie intake was calculated according to the balanced diet method and the quality of diet was assessed by scores of desirable dietary pattern (DDP). Results It was found that food consumption and dietary patterns changed remarkably during the 1990s. Grain consumption was decreasing year by year, but the consumption of animal food was markedly increasing. Although the score of desirable dietary pattern (DDP) in urban residents was more than 90, the deducted score due to over-consumption of animal food increased. The mortality from infectious diseases evidently decreased in the whole province, while the death rates of some chronic diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, colorectal cancer and breast cancer, were increasing rapidly in urban areas. Conclusions Sufficient attention should be paid to the negative effects of change in dietary patterns on people's health, especially in the urban residents.展开更多
CHD （coronary heart disease） is the single most important cause of death and, more importantly, the single biggest cause of premature death in modem, industrialized countries. On the basis of summarized results in r...CHD （coronary heart disease） is the single most important cause of death and, more importantly, the single biggest cause of premature death in modem, industrialized countries. On the basis of summarized results in respect to assessing file nutritional status and dietary pattern of coronary heart diseased patients, it was concluded that nutritional status of control group was better as compared to diseased group. The dietary pattern of diseased group was similar to control group.展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a common cancer with high morbidity and mortality rates.Its occurrence and development are determined by many factors,including genetics,the environment,lifestyle,and so on.The occurrence of C...Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a common cancer with high morbidity and mortality rates.Its occurrence and development are determined by many factors,including genetics,the environment,lifestyle,and so on.The occurrence of CRC is often accompanied by changes in the intestinal microenvironment.Numerous studies have focused on the association between dietary patterns,dietary components,and CRC now.This article reviews five different dietary patterns:the Western diet,the Mediterranean diet,the ketogenic diet,the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet,and fasting,and themechanistic associations between their food components and CRC.The finding can provide a reference for further studies on the association between different dietary patterns and CRC and will help clinicians formulate reasonable and feasible dietary interventions.展开更多
The novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has created a life-threatening world pandemic.Unfortunately,this disease can be worse in older patients or individu...The novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has created a life-threatening world pandemic.Unfortunately,this disease can be worse in older patients or individuals with comorbidities,having dangerous consequences,including stroke.COVID-19–associated stroke widely increases the risk of death from COVID-19.In addition to the personal hygiene protocols and preventive policies,it has been proven that immune-compromised,oxidative,and pro-coagulant conditions make a person more susceptible to severe COVID-19 complications,such as stroke;one of the most effective and modifiable risk factors are poor nutritional status.Previous literature has shown that healthy dietary patterns,such as the Mediterranean diet,some food groups,and specific micronutrients,reduce the risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.In this work,for the first time,we hypothesized that a healthy diet could also be a protective/preventive factor against COVID-19–associated stroke risk.In order to prove this hypothesis,it is required to study nutritional intake and dietary patterns in patients suffering from COVID-19–associated stroke.If this hypothesis is proven,the chronic supportive role of a healthy diet in critical situations will be highlighted once again.展开更多
In the early twentieth Century, with the development of economy and culture, the overall living standards of China increased steadily. The behavior and diet habits of Chinese residents had changed greatly. The intake ...In the early twentieth Century, with the development of economy and culture, the overall living standards of China increased steadily. The behavior and diet habits of Chinese residents had changed greatly. The intake of sugar, fat, beverages, wine and poultry increased. The prevalence of obesity, blood pressure, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia increased. Dietary patterns were associated with hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity, overweight, hypertension and other chronic diseases. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) is higher and higher in China, which has become a common disease burden for the middle-aged and elderly. Unreasonable nutritional intake is an important factor in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. From the perspective of preventive medicine, adjusting living habits and adhering to high-quality dietary patterns have been gradually accepted by the public. The impact of diet on body health is worth studying.展开更多
Objectives A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the association between breast cancer risk and three common dietary patterns.Methods The PubMed,Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang,Embase,and Cochrane Library databases were...Objectives A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the association between breast cancer risk and three common dietary patterns.Methods The PubMed,Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang,Embase,and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched(until June 2022)for studies on the association between three common dietary patterns,including the Western dietary pattern,vegetarian dietary pattern and Mediterranean dietary pattern,and the risk of breast cancer.The Newcastle-Ottawa(NOS)scale was used to assess study quality.Results A total of 24 articles published from 2001 to 2021 that met the criteria were included for meta-analysis.The Western dietary pattern was positively associated with the breast cancer risk in women both before and after menopause,although the heterogeneity in the study was high(HR=1.05,95%CI:1.01-1.30,I^(2)=56.2%,P=0.019).There was an inverse association between the vegetarian dietary pattern and breast cancer risk among women(HR=0.87,95%CI:0.78-0.97,I^(2)=73.7%,P<0.001).No association was observed between the Mediterranean dietary pattern and women's risk of breast cancer(HR=0.96,95%CI:0.89-1.02,I^(2)=64.1%,P=0.010).Due to the presence of significant heterogeneity among the studies,we performed a subgroup analysis,meta-regression analysis and sensitivity analysis,and found that factors such as the type of study design were the main sources of heterogeneity in each group.These results remained largely unchanged after excluding studies of a specific type from the sensitivity analysis.Conclusion The Western dietary pattern can increase the risk of breast cancer,while the vegetarian dietary pattern can reduce the risk of breast cancer.No association between the Mediterranean dietary pattern and the risk of breast cancer was observed.展开更多
Objective To make retrospective assessment of the quality of diet in the urban and rural residents of Jiangsu province, China, during the 1990′s and a prospective study of the dietary pattern in the year of 2010 wi...Objective To make retrospective assessment of the quality of diet in the urban and rural residents of Jiangsu province, China, during the 1990′s and a prospective study of the dietary pattern in the year of 2010 with desirable dietary pattern (DDP). Methods The calorie intake was calculated according to the method of balanced diet and the dietary pattern was assessed in terms of DDP score. Results Retrospective study revealed that the DDP score of cereals was decreased and that of animal foods increased remarkably in both the urban and rural residents during the decade. Prospective study showed that the readjustment of dietary structure for the urban residents should be focused on preventing the drop of cereal consumption and further lowering the intake of pork. Promotion of soybean and milk consumption to great extents will be needed to improve the quality of diet for both urban and rural residents of Jiangsu in the future. Conclusion It was illustrated that DDP is feasible for retrospective and prospective studies on dietary pattern as it is simple in calculation, its results are easy to understand and of practical significance to the masses and health workers.展开更多
Background and Objectives:We aimed to explore the relationship between dietary patterns and gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)during pre-pregnancy six months using principal component analysis(PCA)and the geometric fr...Background and Objectives:We aimed to explore the relationship between dietary patterns and gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)during pre-pregnancy six months using principal component analysis(PCA)and the geometric framework for nutrition(GFN).Methods and Study Design:We conducted a case-control study that included 210 GDM pregnant women and 210 controls.The dietary intake of all participants was assessed by a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire(FFQ).Major dietary patterns were extracted by PCA.A conditional logistic regression model was used to determine whether specific dietary patterns are associated with the risk of GDM.Meanwhile,the relationship between dietary patterns and GDM was visualized using GFN.Results:Four major dietary patterns were identified:“protein-rich pattern,”“plant-based pattern,”“oil-picklesdesserts pattern,”and“cereals-nuts pattern.”After adjustment for confounders,the“plant-based pattern”was associated with decreased risk of GDM(Q4 vs.Q1:OR=0.01,95%CI:0.00~0.08),whereas no significant association was found in other dietary patterns.Moreover,there was no dietary intake of ice cream cones and deep-fried dough sticks for the population,which would produce fewer patients with GDM.Deep-fried dough sticks had statistically significant differences in the case and control groups(p<0.001),while ice cream cones had the opposite result.Conclusions:The“plant-based pattern”may reduce the risk of GDM.Besides,although the“cerealsnuts pattern”had no association with GDM risk,avoiding the intake of deep-fried dough sticks could decrease GDM risk.展开更多
Background: In the global burden of non-communicable diseases, the top slot among them all is occupied by various cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which also claim primacy in mortality rates. Generally speaking, the pat...Background: In the global burden of non-communicable diseases, the top slot among them all is occupied by various cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which also claim primacy in mortality rates. Generally speaking, the pathophysiological pathway frequently involves either (or a combination of) elevated serum cholesterol levels, predominantly attributed to dietary patterns characterized by extremely high levels of saturated and trans-fat consumption. Day-to-day nutritional epidemiology among university students suggests that they represent a crucial demographic for the study of preventive interventions. Objective: This in-depth study and investigation were specifically aimed to quantitatively assess and compare prevailing patterns of dietary fat consumption between female students enrolled in health sciences and non-health sciences programs at major universities in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was comprised of 434 Saudi female university students (age range: 18 - 25 years), utilizing a validated Block Dietary Fat Screener accompanied by anthropometric measurements and comprehensive demographic data collection. The sampling methodology consisted of a snowball technique that was spread across three major academic institutions in Riyadh. Results: Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between academic specialization and patterns of dietary fat consumption (p = 0.012). Paradoxically, students of health science exhibited a higher prevalence of very high fat intake (41.9%) compared with their non-health sciences counterparts (27.6%). Surprisingly, anthropometric stratification revealed that it was the underweight students who demonstrated very high levels of fat consumption. A notable socioeconomic gradient was observed, with students from households earning 15,000 - 20,000 SR monthly showing the highest prevalence of very high-fat consumption (47.1%), although this association did not achieve statistical significance (p = 0.104). Conclusion: These findings challenge the conventional assumption that health sciences education correlates with superior dietary behaviors. The data suggests a critical need for enhanced education in nutrition, as well as intervention using various behavioral programs across all academic disciplines, particularly those addressing the disconnect between nutritional knowledge and dietary practices among students of health sciences. Future longitudinal studies are warranted in order to elucidate the temporal relationship between academic specialization and dietary behaviors.展开更多
The liver is the leading site for lipid metabolism,involving not only fatty acid beta-oxidation but also de novo synthesis of endogenous triglycerides and ketogenesis.The liver maintains systemic lipid homeostasis by ...The liver is the leading site for lipid metabolism,involving not only fatty acid beta-oxidation but also de novo synthesis of endogenous triglycerides and ketogenesis.The liver maintains systemic lipid homeostasis by regulating lipid synthesis,catabolism,and transportation.Dysregulation of hepatic lipid metabolism precipitates disorders,such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),affecting the whole body.Thus,comprehending and studying hepatic lipid metabolism is crucial for preventing and treating metabolic liver diseases.Traditionally,researchers have investigated the impact of a single nutrient on hepatic lipid metabolism.However,real-life dietary patterns encompass diverse nutrients rather than single components.In recent years,there have been increased studies and notable progress regarding the effects of distinct dietary patterns on hepatic lipid metabolism.This review summarizes the influence of diverse dietary patterns on hepatic lipid metabolism,elucidating underlying molecular mechanisms and appraising the therapeutic potential of dietary patterns in managing hepatic steatosis.展开更多
基金supported by the grant from National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.81602236).
文摘Erectile dysfunction(ED)is prevalent among men,but its relationship with dietary habits is uncertain.The aim of our study was to assess whether dietary patterns enhance erectile function by reviewing the literature published before August 1,2022,via PubMed,Web of Science,and EMBASE databases.The data compiled included author details;publication dates,countries,treatments,patient numbers,ages,follow-ups,and clinical trial outcomes,such as ED cases,odds ratios(ORs),confidence intervals(CIs),and International Index of Erectile Function-5(IIEF-5)scores with means and standard deviations.An analysis of 14 studies with 27389 participants revealed that plant-based diets(OR=0.71,95%CI:0.66-0.75;P<0.00001),low-fat diets(OR=0.27,95%CI:0.13-0.53;P=0.0002),and alternative diets such as intermittent fasting and organic diets(OR=0.54,95%CI:0.36-0.80;P=0.002)significantly reduced ED risk.High-protein low-fat diets(hazard ratio[HR]=1.38,95%CI:1.12-1.64;P<0.00001)and high-carb low-fat diets(HR=0.79,95%CI:0.55-1.04;P<0.00001)improved IIEF-5 scores.Combined diet and exercise interventions decreased the likelihood of ED(OR=0.49,95%CI:0.28-0.85;P=0.01)and increased the IIEF-5 score(OR=3.40,95%CI:1.69-5.11;P<0.0001).Diets abundant in fruits and vegetables(OR=0.97,95%CI:0.96-0.98;P<0.00001)and nuts(OR=0.54,95%CI:0.37-0.80;P=0.002)were also correlated with lower ED risk.Our meta-analysis underscores a strong dietary-ED association,suggesting that low-fat/Mediterranean diets rich in produce and nuts could benefit ED management.
基金supported by grants from the Beijing Nova Program (No. Z201100006820069)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS, No. 2021-I2M-1-023, 2021-I2M-1-010)Talent Incentive Program of Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (Hope Star)。
文摘Objective: Plant-based diets have multiple health benefits for cancers;however, little is known about the association between plant-based dietary patterns and esophageal cancer(EC).This study presents an investigation of the prospective associations among three predefined indices of plant-based dietary patterns and the risk of EC.Methods: We performed endoscopic screening for 15,709 participants aged 40-69 years from two high-risk areas of China from January 2005 to December 2009 and followed the cohort until December 31, 2022. The overall plant-based diet index(PDI), healthful plant-based diet index(h PDI), and unhealthful plant-based diet index(u PDI), were calculated using survey responses to assess dietary patterns. We applied Cox proportional hazard regression to estimate the multivariable hazard ratios(HRs) and 95% confidence intervals(95% CIs) of EC across 3plant-based diet indices and further stratified the analysis by subgroups.Results: The final study sample included 15,184 participants in the cohort. During a follow-up of 219,365person-years, 176 patients with EC were identified. When the highest quartile was compared with the lowest quartile, the pooled multivariable-adjusted HR of EC was 0.50(95% CI, 0.32-0.77) for h PDI. In addition, the HR per 10-point increase in the h PDI score was 0.42(95% CI, 0.27-0.66) for ECs. Conversely, u PDI was positively associated with the risk of EC, and the HR was 1.80(95% CI, 1.16-2.82). The HR per 10-point increase in the u PDI score was 1.90(95% CI, 1.26-2.88) for ECs. The associations between these scores and the risk of EC were consistent in most subgroups. These results remained robust in sensitivity analyses.Conclusions: A healthy plant-based dietary pattern was associated with a reduced risk of EC. Emphasizing the healthiness and quality of plant-based diets may be important for preventing the development of EC.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC2000400)the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(72061137004)+1 种基金the National Institute on Aging of National Institutes of Health(P01AG031719)Duke/DukeNUS(grant RECA(Pilot)/2019/0051 to Y.Z.).
文摘This study investigated the association of hypertension with cognitive impairment and determined whether better adherence to plant-based diet(PBD)patterns may modify the association.We analyzed 4485 elderly individuals with normal cognition at baseline from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(2011−2018).Cognitive function was assessed by the Mini-mental State Examination(MMSE),and cognitive impairment was defined as an MMSE score below 18 points.Diet patterns were assessed using the overall plant-based diet index(PDI),healthful plant-based diet index(hPDI),and unhealthful plant-based diet index(uPDI)derived from a simplified food frequency questionnaire(FFQ).Blood pressure was measured through physical examination.Cox proportional hazard regression and restricted cubic spline were performed.Participants with hypertension had an increased risk of cognitive impairment compared with normal group.The associations between hypertension and cognitive impairment were more pronounced among participants with lower PDI than those with higher PDI,among participants with lower hPDI than those with higher hPDI,and among participants with higher uPDI than those with lower uPDI.A healthful PBD pattern may attenuate hypertension-induced cognitive impairment,while an unhealthful PBD pattern may exacerbate hypertensioninduced cognitive impairment in elderly.Adherence to healthful PBD pattern could be used to prevent or mitigate adverse neurological effects in the hypertensive population.
基金NSFC and CNS for funding the projectfunded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,82173500)“CNS-ZD Tizhi and Health Fund”(CNS-ZD2020-163).
文摘This cohort study was designed to explore the relationship between maternal dietary patterns(DPs)and bone health in Chinese lactating mothers and infants.We recruited 150 lactating women at 1-month postpartum.The estimated bone mineral density(eBMD)of subjects’calcanei and the information on dietary intake were collected.After 5-month follow-up,the eBMD of mothers and their infants were measured again.Factor analysis was applied to determine maternal DPs.General linear models were used to evaluate the association between maternal DPs and maternal eBMD loss or infants’eBMD.With all potential covariates adjusted,Factor 2(high intake of whole grains,tubers,mixed beans,soybeans and soybean products,seaweeds,and nuts)showed a positive association with the changes of maternal eBMD(β=0.16,95%CI:0.005,0.310).Factor 3(high intake of soft drinks,fried foods,and puffed foods)was inversely correlated with the changes of maternal eBMD(β=-0.22,95%CI:-0.44,0.00).The changes of maternal eBMD were positively associated with 6-month infants’eBMD(β=0.34,95%CI:0.017,0.652).In conclusion,Factor 2 might contribute to the maintenance of eBMD in lactating women,while Factor 3 could exacerbate maternal eBMD loss.Additionally,the changes of maternal eBMD presented a positive correlation with 6-month infants’eBMD.
基金supported by the National KeyResearch and Development Program(No.2022YFC2009600 and No.2022YFC2009601).
文摘Cancer is the leading cause of global mortality,resulting in millions of deaths each year.Even a small attenuation in cancer rates through preventive care can have a significant impact.Dietary habits are closely associated with cancer.Unhealthy eating habits may contribute to traditional risk factors and accelerate the progression of cancer.Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of healthy dietary interventions in the prevention and treatment of various cancers,particularly through dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet,Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet,plant-based diet,and ketogenic diet.This review summarizes several studies on the impact of dietary patterns on cancer prognosis and explores the recent findings regarding themechanisms through which dietary interventions influence cancer progression and prognosis.
基金funded by China Medical Board[CMB Grant 13‐131]the Key Discipline Construction of Public Health of Shang hai[No.15GWZK0402]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.81273066]
文摘Objective To examine the association of maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy with gestationa diabetes mellitus （GDM） in northern China. Methods The dietary intakes of pregnant women were recorded twice by 24-hour dietary recalls for three days prior to having been diagnosed with GDM, at 5-15 and 24-28 gestational weeks, respectively. GDM was diagnosed, and serum glycosylated hemoglobin （HbAlc） was measured at 24-28 weeks. Dietary patterns were assessed by factor analysis. The association of the dietary pattern with GDM and HbAlc was examined by multiple logistic models. Results Of 753 participants, 64 （8.5%） were diagnosed with GDM. Four dietary patterns were identified： Western pattern （dairy, baked/fried food and white meat）, traditional pattern （light-colored vegetables, fine grain, red meat and tubers）, mixed pattern （edible fungi, shrimp/shellfish and red meat） and prudent pattern （dark-colored vegetables and deep-sea fish）. Compared with the prudent pattern, both the Western pattern and the traditional pattern were associated with an increased risk of GDM （aOR = 4.40, 95% CI： 1.58-12.22; aOR = 4.88, 95% Ch 1.79-13.32） and a high level of HbAlc （aOR = 12.37, 95% Ch 1.47-103.91; aOR = 26.23, 95% CI： 2.54-270.74）. Compared to the lowest quartile （Q）, 0.3 of the Western pattern scores and Q3-Q4 of the traditional pattern scores were associated with a higher risk of GDM. Conclusion The consumption of the Western pattern or the traditional pattern during pregnancy may increase the risk of GDM.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42171230,No.42071170。
文摘Exploring the utilization effect of water-land resources under the evolution of dietary patterns is of great significance in achieving sustainable global food consumption and the effective allocation of national resources.Our selected study area was China,a country with rapidly changing dietary consumption patterns,and the research period was between 1987 and 2020.Based on the material called Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2021,this study introduced the“virtual water”and the“virtual land”to quantify the utilization effect of water-land resources under the evolution of Chinese dietary patterns.Results showed that the dietary patterns gradually changed from“cereal-vegetable-based consumption”to“diversified consumption”.Food consumption’s total water footprint(WF)increased from 471.1 Gm3in 1987 to 848.8 Gm3in 2020,with a growth rate of 80.2%.Moreover,the total land requirement for food(LRF)increased from 88.8 Mha in 1987 to 129.9 Mha in 2020,with a growth rate of 46.3%.Furthermore,the meat consumption was the major contributor to the increase in total WF(104.0%)and LRF(102.1%).In contrast to the balanced diet pattern,there was no waste of water-land resources consumption for the food consumption of urban-rural residents in China between 1987 and 2020.However,the consumption of water resources would gradually approach the resource cost under the balanced diet patterns.It would eventually break through the critical value and reach the state of resource waste.In addition,the findings showed that urban residents’waste rate of water-land resources for meat consumption increased by 142.3%compared with that in 1987.The research results can provide scientific guidance for resolving the food crisis under the supply of water-land resources in China and have an essential reference for national food security and sustainable development of resources and environment.
基金supported by a grant from the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.82173539 and No.81874268).
文摘The incidence of infertility has recently risen.Semen quality is an important male fertility indicator,and dietary factors can affect semen quality.We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effects of healthy dietary patterns on semen quality.A literature search was conducted in 3 databases(Embase,Web of Science and PubMed)on August 21,2021.The included cross-sectional studies examined the influence of the Mediterranean,Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension(DASH),and prudent diet patterns on semen quality parameters;six studies(1244 subjects)were included.By comparing high consumption with low consumption of healthy dietary patterns,the results of the meta-analysis showed significantly higher sperm concentrations(mean difference[MD]=6.88×10^(6) ml^(−1),95%confidence interval[CI]:1.26×10^(6) ml^(−1)–12.49×10^(6) ml^(−1);P<0.05),a significant increase in total sperm count(MD=16.70×10^(6),95%CI:2.37×10^(6)–31.03×10^(6);P<0.05),and a significant increase in progressive sperm motility(MD=5.85%,95%CI:2.59%–9.12%;P<0.01).The sperm concentration,progressive sperm motility,and total sperm count were significantly higher in men with higher versus lower consumption of healthy dietary patterns.However,the results must be interpreted with caution.
基金Supported by Ministry of Education,Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia,No.451-03-68/2022-14/200042。
文摘The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is rising worldwide,paralleling the epidemic of obesity.The liver is a key organ for the metabolism of proteins,fats and carbohydrates.Various types of fats and carbohydrates in isocaloric diets differently influence fat accumulation in the liver parenchyma.Therefore,nutrition can manage hepatic and cardiometabolic complications of NAFLD.Even moderately reduced caloric intake,which leads to a weight loss of 5%-10%of initial body weight,is effective in improving liver steatosis and surrogate markers of liver disease status.Among dietary patterns,the Mediterranean diet mostly prevents the onset of NAFLD.Furthermore,this diet is also the most recommended for the treatment of NAFLD patients.However,clinical trials based on the dietary interventions in NAFLD patients are sparse.Since there are only a few studies examining dietary interventions in clinically advanced stages of NAFLD,such as active and fibrotic steatohepatitis,the optimal diet for patients in these stages of the disease must still be determined.In this narrative review,we aimed to critically summarize the associations between different dietary patterns,obesity and prevention/risk for NAFLD,to describe specific dietary interventions’impacts on liver steatosis in adults with NAFLD and to provide an updated overview of dietary recommendations that clinicians potentially need to apply in their daily practice.
基金funded by a Special Scientific Research Fund of Public Welfare Profession of Chinese Ministry of Health(Grant No.201202012)a fund supported by Chinese Science and Technology Ministry(Grant No.2012BAI02B03)a grant from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81372992)
文摘Dietary pattern has been revealed to be associated with metabolic syndrome. However, the association was not well documented in Chinese due to the complexity of Chinese foods. We mainly assessed the dietary patterns and examined their effects on metabolic syndrome among Chinese adults. Four dietary patterns including ＇Refined Grains ＆ Vegetables＂ Pattern, ＇Dairy ＆ Eggs＇ Pattern, ＇Organ Meat ＆ Poultry＇ Pattern, and ＇Coarse Grains ＆ Beans＇ Pattern were extracted. ＇Dairy ＆ Eggs＇ Pattern was associated with a decreased odds of metabolic syndrome in women, and ＇Coarse Grains ＆ Beans＇ Pattern was associated with a decreased odds of hypertension in men. These results provided a scientific basis for future research and dietarv euideline Perfection.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation from the Department of Education of Jiangsu Provincial Government (Grant No. OOKJB330002)
文摘Objective To investigate into the changes of dietary patterns and their impacts on health of urban and rural residents in Jiangsu Province, China during the 1990s. Methods On the basis of the results of food consumption survey, the calorie intake was calculated according to the balanced diet method and the quality of diet was assessed by scores of desirable dietary pattern (DDP). Results It was found that food consumption and dietary patterns changed remarkably during the 1990s. Grain consumption was decreasing year by year, but the consumption of animal food was markedly increasing. Although the score of desirable dietary pattern (DDP) in urban residents was more than 90, the deducted score due to over-consumption of animal food increased. The mortality from infectious diseases evidently decreased in the whole province, while the death rates of some chronic diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, colorectal cancer and breast cancer, were increasing rapidly in urban areas. Conclusions Sufficient attention should be paid to the negative effects of change in dietary patterns on people's health, especially in the urban residents.
文摘CHD （coronary heart disease） is the single most important cause of death and, more importantly, the single biggest cause of premature death in modem, industrialized countries. On the basis of summarized results in respect to assessing file nutritional status and dietary pattern of coronary heart diseased patients, it was concluded that nutritional status of control group was better as compared to diseased group. The dietary pattern of diseased group was similar to control group.
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a common cancer with high morbidity and mortality rates.Its occurrence and development are determined by many factors,including genetics,the environment,lifestyle,and so on.The occurrence of CRC is often accompanied by changes in the intestinal microenvironment.Numerous studies have focused on the association between dietary patterns,dietary components,and CRC now.This article reviews five different dietary patterns:the Western diet,the Mediterranean diet,the ketogenic diet,the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet,and fasting,and themechanistic associations between their food components and CRC.The finding can provide a reference for further studies on the association between different dietary patterns and CRC and will help clinicians formulate reasonable and feasible dietary interventions.
文摘The novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has created a life-threatening world pandemic.Unfortunately,this disease can be worse in older patients or individuals with comorbidities,having dangerous consequences,including stroke.COVID-19–associated stroke widely increases the risk of death from COVID-19.In addition to the personal hygiene protocols and preventive policies,it has been proven that immune-compromised,oxidative,and pro-coagulant conditions make a person more susceptible to severe COVID-19 complications,such as stroke;one of the most effective and modifiable risk factors are poor nutritional status.Previous literature has shown that healthy dietary patterns,such as the Mediterranean diet,some food groups,and specific micronutrients,reduce the risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.In this work,for the first time,we hypothesized that a healthy diet could also be a protective/preventive factor against COVID-19–associated stroke risk.In order to prove this hypothesis,it is required to study nutritional intake and dietary patterns in patients suffering from COVID-19–associated stroke.If this hypothesis is proven,the chronic supportive role of a healthy diet in critical situations will be highlighted once again.
文摘In the early twentieth Century, with the development of economy and culture, the overall living standards of China increased steadily. The behavior and diet habits of Chinese residents had changed greatly. The intake of sugar, fat, beverages, wine and poultry increased. The prevalence of obesity, blood pressure, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia increased. Dietary patterns were associated with hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity, overweight, hypertension and other chronic diseases. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) is higher and higher in China, which has become a common disease burden for the middle-aged and elderly. Unreasonable nutritional intake is an important factor in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. From the perspective of preventive medicine, adjusting living habits and adhering to high-quality dietary patterns have been gradually accepted by the public. The impact of diet on body health is worth studying.
基金supported by the Cooperative Project of the China Society of Geriatric Health Care(HZ202102)the“Xinghuo”Scientific Research Project of the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University(XH202206).
文摘Objectives A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the association between breast cancer risk and three common dietary patterns.Methods The PubMed,Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang,Embase,and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched(until June 2022)for studies on the association between three common dietary patterns,including the Western dietary pattern,vegetarian dietary pattern and Mediterranean dietary pattern,and the risk of breast cancer.The Newcastle-Ottawa(NOS)scale was used to assess study quality.Results A total of 24 articles published from 2001 to 2021 that met the criteria were included for meta-analysis.The Western dietary pattern was positively associated with the breast cancer risk in women both before and after menopause,although the heterogeneity in the study was high(HR=1.05,95%CI:1.01-1.30,I^(2)=56.2%,P=0.019).There was an inverse association between the vegetarian dietary pattern and breast cancer risk among women(HR=0.87,95%CI:0.78-0.97,I^(2)=73.7%,P<0.001).No association was observed between the Mediterranean dietary pattern and women's risk of breast cancer(HR=0.96,95%CI:0.89-1.02,I^(2)=64.1%,P=0.010).Due to the presence of significant heterogeneity among the studies,we performed a subgroup analysis,meta-regression analysis and sensitivity analysis,and found that factors such as the type of study design were the main sources of heterogeneity in each group.These results remained largely unchanged after excluding studies of a specific type from the sensitivity analysis.Conclusion The Western dietary pattern can increase the risk of breast cancer,while the vegetarian dietary pattern can reduce the risk of breast cancer.No association between the Mediterranean dietary pattern and the risk of breast cancer was observed.
文摘Objective To make retrospective assessment of the quality of diet in the urban and rural residents of Jiangsu province, China, during the 1990′s and a prospective study of the dietary pattern in the year of 2010 with desirable dietary pattern (DDP). Methods The calorie intake was calculated according to the method of balanced diet and the dietary pattern was assessed in terms of DDP score. Results Retrospective study revealed that the DDP score of cereals was decreased and that of animal foods increased remarkably in both the urban and rural residents during the decade. Prospective study showed that the readjustment of dietary structure for the urban residents should be focused on preventing the drop of cereal consumption and further lowering the intake of pork. Promotion of soybean and milk consumption to great extents will be needed to improve the quality of diet for both urban and rural residents of Jiangsu in the future. Conclusion It was illustrated that DDP is feasible for retrospective and prospective studies on dietary pattern as it is simple in calculation, its results are easy to understand and of practical significance to the masses and health workers.
基金funded and supported by the Chinese Nutrition Society-Feihe Physical Nutrition and Health Research Fund project(Project No.CNS-Feihe2019A34).
文摘Background and Objectives:We aimed to explore the relationship between dietary patterns and gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)during pre-pregnancy six months using principal component analysis(PCA)and the geometric framework for nutrition(GFN).Methods and Study Design:We conducted a case-control study that included 210 GDM pregnant women and 210 controls.The dietary intake of all participants was assessed by a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire(FFQ).Major dietary patterns were extracted by PCA.A conditional logistic regression model was used to determine whether specific dietary patterns are associated with the risk of GDM.Meanwhile,the relationship between dietary patterns and GDM was visualized using GFN.Results:Four major dietary patterns were identified:“protein-rich pattern,”“plant-based pattern,”“oil-picklesdesserts pattern,”and“cereals-nuts pattern.”After adjustment for confounders,the“plant-based pattern”was associated with decreased risk of GDM(Q4 vs.Q1:OR=0.01,95%CI:0.00~0.08),whereas no significant association was found in other dietary patterns.Moreover,there was no dietary intake of ice cream cones and deep-fried dough sticks for the population,which would produce fewer patients with GDM.Deep-fried dough sticks had statistically significant differences in the case and control groups(p<0.001),while ice cream cones had the opposite result.Conclusions:The“plant-based pattern”may reduce the risk of GDM.Besides,although the“cerealsnuts pattern”had no association with GDM risk,avoiding the intake of deep-fried dough sticks could decrease GDM risk.
文摘Background: In the global burden of non-communicable diseases, the top slot among them all is occupied by various cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which also claim primacy in mortality rates. Generally speaking, the pathophysiological pathway frequently involves either (or a combination of) elevated serum cholesterol levels, predominantly attributed to dietary patterns characterized by extremely high levels of saturated and trans-fat consumption. Day-to-day nutritional epidemiology among university students suggests that they represent a crucial demographic for the study of preventive interventions. Objective: This in-depth study and investigation were specifically aimed to quantitatively assess and compare prevailing patterns of dietary fat consumption between female students enrolled in health sciences and non-health sciences programs at major universities in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was comprised of 434 Saudi female university students (age range: 18 - 25 years), utilizing a validated Block Dietary Fat Screener accompanied by anthropometric measurements and comprehensive demographic data collection. The sampling methodology consisted of a snowball technique that was spread across three major academic institutions in Riyadh. Results: Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between academic specialization and patterns of dietary fat consumption (p = 0.012). Paradoxically, students of health science exhibited a higher prevalence of very high fat intake (41.9%) compared with their non-health sciences counterparts (27.6%). Surprisingly, anthropometric stratification revealed that it was the underweight students who demonstrated very high levels of fat consumption. A notable socioeconomic gradient was observed, with students from households earning 15,000 - 20,000 SR monthly showing the highest prevalence of very high-fat consumption (47.1%), although this association did not achieve statistical significance (p = 0.104). Conclusion: These findings challenge the conventional assumption that health sciences education correlates with superior dietary behaviors. The data suggests a critical need for enhanced education in nutrition, as well as intervention using various behavioral programs across all academic disciplines, particularly those addressing the disconnect between nutritional knowledge and dietary practices among students of health sciences. Future longitudinal studies are warranted in order to elucidate the temporal relationship between academic specialization and dietary behaviors.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82325007,81970535,81422009,and 81770560).
文摘The liver is the leading site for lipid metabolism,involving not only fatty acid beta-oxidation but also de novo synthesis of endogenous triglycerides and ketogenesis.The liver maintains systemic lipid homeostasis by regulating lipid synthesis,catabolism,and transportation.Dysregulation of hepatic lipid metabolism precipitates disorders,such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),affecting the whole body.Thus,comprehending and studying hepatic lipid metabolism is crucial for preventing and treating metabolic liver diseases.Traditionally,researchers have investigated the impact of a single nutrient on hepatic lipid metabolism.However,real-life dietary patterns encompass diverse nutrients rather than single components.In recent years,there have been increased studies and notable progress regarding the effects of distinct dietary patterns on hepatic lipid metabolism.This review summarizes the influence of diverse dietary patterns on hepatic lipid metabolism,elucidating underlying molecular mechanisms and appraising the therapeutic potential of dietary patterns in managing hepatic steatosis.
