Development and differentiation is an important and leading research field in modern biology. Streptomyces has a complicated life cycle of morphological differentiation including the spore germination, aerial mycelium...Development and differentiation is an important and leading research field in modern biology. Streptomyces has a complicated life cycle of morphological differentiation including the spore germination, aerial mycelium and spore formation. Each developmental stage has a distinguished morphological feature which greatly facilitates the identification of developmental mutants, the complementary cloning and the spatial and temporal expression of the genes involved in differentiation. This characteristic of Streptomyces is comparatively superior to other pro-karyotic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus sub-tilis and Myxococcus xanthus. Moreover, Streptomyces also possesses a complicated physiological differentiation in which it produces a wide variety of secondary metabolites (more than half of the 12 000 or so known antibiotics), including many important antibiotics used in medi-展开更多
Follicular development and differentiation are sequential events which are tightly regulated by endocrine hormones,intra-ovarian regulators and cell-cell interactions.Balanced cell proliferation and apoptosis play an ...Follicular development and differentiation are sequential events which are tightly regulated by endocrine hormones,intra-ovarian regulators and cell-cell interactions.Balanced cell proliferation and apoptosis play an important role in the selection of dominant follicle.Primordial germ cell migration and homing within the gonadal ridge requires regulation by integrated signals,such as the oocyte-secreted polypeptide growth factors,the growth and differentiation factor 9,the bone morphogenetic proteins,stem cell factor(SCF),basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF),the transcription factor Wilms’tumour 1(Wt1),and involves the contact of primordial germ cells with extra-cellular matrix proteins and cellular substrates and attraction by the developing gonads.Maturation of cumulus-oocyte complexes and ovulation are directly controlled by luteinizing hormone(LH)and require activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase in granulosa cells.In this review,the key molecules involved in the cell-cell interaction and signal transduction during follicular development,differentiation and ovulation will be summarized,mainly focusing on the signaling factors produced by oocyte and the somatic cells.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 39830010) the National Outstanding Youth Foundation of China (Grant No. 39925002)and the State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources of China.
文摘Development and differentiation is an important and leading research field in modern biology. Streptomyces has a complicated life cycle of morphological differentiation including the spore germination, aerial mycelium and spore formation. Each developmental stage has a distinguished morphological feature which greatly facilitates the identification of developmental mutants, the complementary cloning and the spatial and temporal expression of the genes involved in differentiation. This characteristic of Streptomyces is comparatively superior to other pro-karyotic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus sub-tilis and Myxococcus xanthus. Moreover, Streptomyces also possesses a complicated physiological differentiation in which it produces a wide variety of secondary metabolites (more than half of the 12 000 or so known antibiotics), including many important antibiotics used in medi-
基金supported by grants from National Basic Research Development Program of China(No.2006CB504001,2006CB0F1002,2007CB947502,2012CB944702,2011CB944302,G1999055901)National Technology Support Project of China(No.2012DAI131B08)+3 种基金CAS"Chuangxin"Project of China(No.G1999055901,KSCX-2-SW-201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30230190,30170452,3037020,031501953,31471352,31471400,31171380,0170452,39970284,90208025,30370200)WHO/Rockefeller Foundation(No.RF96020#78),CONRAD/CICCR(No.CIG-01-71)the Shenyang,Changsha,Shandong Academician Workstation support
文摘Follicular development and differentiation are sequential events which are tightly regulated by endocrine hormones,intra-ovarian regulators and cell-cell interactions.Balanced cell proliferation and apoptosis play an important role in the selection of dominant follicle.Primordial germ cell migration and homing within the gonadal ridge requires regulation by integrated signals,such as the oocyte-secreted polypeptide growth factors,the growth and differentiation factor 9,the bone morphogenetic proteins,stem cell factor(SCF),basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF),the transcription factor Wilms’tumour 1(Wt1),and involves the contact of primordial germ cells with extra-cellular matrix proteins and cellular substrates and attraction by the developing gonads.Maturation of cumulus-oocyte complexes and ovulation are directly controlled by luteinizing hormone(LH)and require activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase in granulosa cells.In this review,the key molecules involved in the cell-cell interaction and signal transduction during follicular development,differentiation and ovulation will be summarized,mainly focusing on the signaling factors produced by oocyte and the somatic cells.
