The Institute for Agricultural Research,Samaru,has the national mandate for genetic improvement and development of production technologies for cotton,maize,sorghum,cowpea,groundnut,
This article offers an analytic explanation of the geographic, historical and environmental features as well as the strategic positions of CAS-affiliated border area institutes (BAIs). In addition, it puts forward sev...This article offers an analytic explanation of the geographic, historical and environmental features as well as the strategic positions of CAS-affiliated border area institutes (BAIs). In addition, it puts forward several suggestions in a bid to advance their reform and development.展开更多
On 18th October,at the invitation of the Chenghai Institute for Global Development and Security of Renmin University of China,Ai Ping,Vice-President of CAFIU,attended the Third Tongzhou Global Development Forum(2025)a...On 18th October,at the invitation of the Chenghai Institute for Global Development and Security of Renmin University of China,Ai Ping,Vice-President of CAFIU,attended the Third Tongzhou Global Development Forum(2025)and spoke at the"Diplomats Roundtable"session.展开更多
A performance improvement model of research and development(R&D)institutions based on evolutionary game and Bayesian network is proposed.First,the nature and performance factors of new R&D institutions are sys...A performance improvement model of research and development(R&D)institutions based on evolutionary game and Bayesian network is proposed.First,the nature and performance factors of new R&D institutions are systematically analyzed,the appropriate factor model is found,and the sharing of performance benefits between institutions and employees,the change in distribution proportion,and the risk of institutional improvement and employee cooperation are considered.Second,based on the mechanism improvement and employee cooperation,the payment matrix is given and evolutionary game analysis is carried out to obtain a stable and balanced institutional improvement probability and employee cooperation probability.These two probability values are substituted into the Bayesian network model of performance improvement of new R&D institutions,and the posterior probability of performance improvement is predicted by Bayesian network reasoning and diagnosis to find effective improvement measures.Finally,practical case analysis is given to verify the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed method.展开更多
A process of ＂Methanol or Dimethylether to Olefins＂ developed by Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics （DICP）, designated as the DMTO process, has attained great success in industrial scaling up testing. DICP, by c...A process of ＂Methanol or Dimethylether to Olefins＂ developed by Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics （DICP）, designated as the DMTO process, has attained great success in industrial scaling up testing. DICP, by collaborating with the Xinxing Coal Chemical Co., Ltd. of Shaanxi Province and the Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Co. of the SINOPEC Group, operated successfully a 50t（methanol）/d unit for the conversion of methanol to lower olefins, with a methanol conversion of close to 100%, and a selectivity to lower olefins（ethylene, propylene and butylenes） of higher than 90%. On 23rd August, the industrial test project has passed a state appraisal. The experts of the Appraisal Group, headed by Prof. YUAN Qingtang, academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering, drew the conclusions that the DMTO process, by utilizing a proprietary SAPO-34 catalyst system and a recycling fluidized bed reaction system for the production of lower olefins from methanol, is the first unit in the world having a capacity of producing nearly ten thousand tons lower olefins per year. The technological level of the industrial test is at a leading position internationally. This accomplishment will provide a sound base for the subsequent commercialization of the DMTO process.展开更多
This paper evaluates the determinants of risk exposure when development finance institutions consider approval of funding to different development markets utilising multiple regression econometric models and the Devel...This paper evaluates the determinants of risk exposure when development finance institutions consider approval of funding to different development markets utilising multiple regression econometric models and the Development Bank of South Africa(DBSA)as a case study.The research presents the classical development finance institution(DFI)business model and market size estimation with the contemporary DFI risk classification and enterprise risk management framework.In addition to reviewing the profile of financial and non-financial products and services,the related project cycles and the DFI credit risk pricing and mitigation approaches for the different development markets.Our results suggest that there is a correlation between the funding of under-resourced municipalities by DBSA and its exposure to financial risk though the correlation is not overwhelmingly significant,but also evidence of a negative correlation between the funding of under-resourced municipalities and the minimization of the financial risk exposure of DBSA.Likewise,there is a negative correlation between funding to all three different sizes of a municipality and ability of the DFI to absorb future losses(non-performing loan coverage ratio).The negative correlation is highest for secondary cities followed by metros and least for under resourced municipalities.The research concludes with four major recommendations of what the role of the DFI should be in enhancing access of under-resourced municipalities to development funding.展开更多
The waste referred to includes solid waste and sludge. Solid waste is mainly from urban garbage and industrial waste. Sludge is from water treatment factories, paper mills, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories...The waste referred to includes solid waste and sludge. Solid waste is mainly from urban garbage and industrial waste. Sludge is from water treatment factories, paper mills, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, rivers and lakes. The waste and sludge are very harmful to water organisms, human health and drinking water, and directly affect the environment. Sludge and waste also occupy large areas of land. There are several methods to treat waste and sludge, such as burial, chemical treatment and incineration. Incineration is more effective than the展开更多
The NC310 type catalyst for methanol synthesis developedby the SINOPEC Research Institute of NanjingChemical Company has passed the appraisal of researchachievements organized by the Science and TechnologyDivision of ...The NC310 type catalyst for methanol synthesis developedby the SINOPEC Research Institute of NanjingChemical Company has passed the appraisal of researchachievements organized by the Science and TechnologyDivision of the Sinopec Corp. The group of specialistsattending the appraisal meeting has recognized that thiscatalyst has reached the internationally advanced level interms of its overall catalytic performance.展开更多
There has been an increasing awareness in China＇s English language teaching profession that curriculum development should take account of the participants within the curriculum development process： the planners, the...There has been an increasing awareness in China＇s English language teaching profession that curriculum development should take account of the participants within the curriculum development process： the planners, the administrators, the institutions, the teachers, and the learners. This paper attempts to identify the underlying principles of the New English Curriculum in China （2001）, based on which the roles of the learner, teacher, and institution that underpin the development of the new English curriculum in a secondary school in South-west China are critieaUy examined.展开更多
These five recommendations cover the most critical aspects of infrastructure development:an attractive pipeline of projects,diversity of financial instruments and a conducive regulatory environment,the role of multila...These five recommendations cover the most critical aspects of infrastructure development:an attractive pipeline of projects,diversity of financial instruments and a conducive regulatory environment,the role of multilateral development institutions,as well as the management of project life-cycle pro-展开更多
The old-age insurance system is an inevitable outcome of the development of human civilization, and is also one of the projects with the largest number of groups involved in the social insurance system. It can provide...The old-age insurance system is an inevitable outcome of the development of human civilization, and is also one of the projects with the largest number of groups involved in the social insurance system. It can provide compensation to the elderly population who meet the statutory conditions of the state to ensure the basic living needs of the elderly. It is through the establishment and improvement of the old-age social insurance system, so that all citizens who have lost their ability to work due to their excessive age can meet the most basic survival guarantee, so as to ensure that they can enjoy the old-age life more stably. As the most populous country in the world, the old-age insurance system is particularly important in our country. At the same time, with the profound changes in the world environment and the increasing aging of the population in various regions, all sectors of society should correctly face the development and current situation of China's old-age insurance system. Only in this way can the old-age insurance system in line with China's actual social and economic development be constructed and continuously improved and optimized.展开更多
In 2019, the State Council released the National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan, which puts forward the requirement of "implementing the annual report system of vocational education quality and m...In 2019, the State Council released the National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan, which puts forward the requirement of "implementing the annual report system of vocational education quality and making the report public to the society", which not only makes an institutional top-level arrangement design for the release of annual reports on the quality of higher vocational education in China, but also for the high-quality development of higher vocational education. A new requirement of standardization is proposed. Based on the exploration of Wuhan Electric Power Technical College (hereinafter referred to as WDY)'s preparation practice in recent years, this paper investigates and analyzes a number of issues affecting the quality of the quality annual report, proposes the path and method of optimizing the preparation of the quality annual report, and attempts to explore the practical significance of the quality annual report to promote the development of high quality vocational colleges from the perspective of the quality of the annual report to promote institutional development.展开更多
Both being two developing countries with a vast territory, dense population, and centuries-old ancient civilization, China and India have many in common in natural resources, population size, historical condition, cur...Both being two developing countries with a vast territory, dense population, and centuries-old ancient civilization, China and India have many in common in natural resources, population size, historical condition, current economic issues, etc. except for regime. The competition between China and India is a typical one between economic institutions. This paper, by making a diachronic analysis on their courses of development, tries to justify the importance of adopting an economic institution suitable to the situation of a country.展开更多
Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), was established in August 1983. IMPLAD, headquartered in the Z...Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), was established in August 1983. IMPLAD, headquartered in the Zhongguancun Scientific and Technical Zone, Beijing, China, owns three branch institutes with total over 333 hectares of land in the subtropical regions of southern China, located in展开更多
China＇s evolutionary reform brought China economy enormous progress, which also subsided the poverty phenomenon. But the present anti-poverty task is still very arduous for China today. Peasant household＇s microfina...China＇s evolutionary reform brought China economy enormous progress, which also subsided the poverty phenomenon. But the present anti-poverty task is still very arduous for China today. Peasant household＇s microfinance is a kind of important tool which contributes to the poverty alleviation. The sustainable development of microfinance has become a serous problem at present. This text analyses the sustainable development of microfinance through setting up the income model of microfinance, then puts forward the way to solve.展开更多
The motto of Tongji University, whose name literally means ＂we are all in the same boat, and must work together to reach common goals＂, describes the harvest of ISEE leaders＇ mission to China in May 2007. ISEE Pres...The motto of Tongji University, whose name literally means ＂we are all in the same boat, and must work together to reach common goals＂, describes the harvest of ISEE leaders＇ mission to China in May 2007. ISEE President Joan Martinez-Alier, President-Elect Peter May and the society＇s founder and first President, Robert Costanza as well as ISEE member Robert Ayres, participated in a series of events and meetings in Shanghai and Beijing with a view to build institutional collaboration.展开更多
The“burden reduction”policy aims to reduce the workload of primary and secondary school teachers to alleviate their burdens.While it has improved the quality of teachers,implementation challenges still exist.This st...The“burden reduction”policy aims to reduce the workload of primary and secondary school teachers to alleviate their burdens.While it has improved the quality of teachers,implementation challenges still exist.This study utilizes rational choice institutionalism and Ostrom’s institutional analysis and development framework to examine the policy.By considering the preferences of the Ministry of Education,local governments,schools,and teachers,it explores interactions and outcomes,identifies challenges,and provides policy suggestions.展开更多
At its third plenary session in July 2024,the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)declared that we must continue to advance reform through opening up.It called for leveraging the strengths of Ch...At its third plenary session in July 2024,the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)declared that we must continue to advance reform through opening up.It called for leveraging the strengths of China's enormous market to enhance our capacity for opening up while expanding international cooperation and for developing new institutions for a higher-standard open economy.展开更多
文摘The Institute for Agricultural Research,Samaru,has the national mandate for genetic improvement and development of production technologies for cotton,maize,sorghum,cowpea,groundnut,
文摘This article offers an analytic explanation of the geographic, historical and environmental features as well as the strategic positions of CAS-affiliated border area institutes (BAIs). In addition, it puts forward several suggestions in a bid to advance their reform and development.
文摘On 18th October,at the invitation of the Chenghai Institute for Global Development and Security of Renmin University of China,Ai Ping,Vice-President of CAFIU,attended the Third Tongzhou Global Development Forum(2025)and spoke at the"Diplomats Roundtable"session.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72071106)Jiangsu Provincial Social Science Fund(23EYA001)+1 种基金Jiangsu Provincial Education Science Planning Fund(Ba/2024/08)Jiangsu Higher Education Association Fund(24FYHLX090)。
文摘A performance improvement model of research and development(R&D)institutions based on evolutionary game and Bayesian network is proposed.First,the nature and performance factors of new R&D institutions are systematically analyzed,the appropriate factor model is found,and the sharing of performance benefits between institutions and employees,the change in distribution proportion,and the risk of institutional improvement and employee cooperation are considered.Second,based on the mechanism improvement and employee cooperation,the payment matrix is given and evolutionary game analysis is carried out to obtain a stable and balanced institutional improvement probability and employee cooperation probability.These two probability values are substituted into the Bayesian network model of performance improvement of new R&D institutions,and the posterior probability of performance improvement is predicted by Bayesian network reasoning and diagnosis to find effective improvement measures.Finally,practical case analysis is given to verify the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed method.
文摘A process of ＂Methanol or Dimethylether to Olefins＂ developed by Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics （DICP）, designated as the DMTO process, has attained great success in industrial scaling up testing. DICP, by collaborating with the Xinxing Coal Chemical Co., Ltd. of Shaanxi Province and the Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Co. of the SINOPEC Group, operated successfully a 50t（methanol）/d unit for the conversion of methanol to lower olefins, with a methanol conversion of close to 100%, and a selectivity to lower olefins（ethylene, propylene and butylenes） of higher than 90%. On 23rd August, the industrial test project has passed a state appraisal. The experts of the Appraisal Group, headed by Prof. YUAN Qingtang, academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering, drew the conclusions that the DMTO process, by utilizing a proprietary SAPO-34 catalyst system and a recycling fluidized bed reaction system for the production of lower olefins from methanol, is the first unit in the world having a capacity of producing nearly ten thousand tons lower olefins per year. The technological level of the industrial test is at a leading position internationally. This accomplishment will provide a sound base for the subsequent commercialization of the DMTO process.
文摘This paper evaluates the determinants of risk exposure when development finance institutions consider approval of funding to different development markets utilising multiple regression econometric models and the Development Bank of South Africa(DBSA)as a case study.The research presents the classical development finance institution(DFI)business model and market size estimation with the contemporary DFI risk classification and enterprise risk management framework.In addition to reviewing the profile of financial and non-financial products and services,the related project cycles and the DFI credit risk pricing and mitigation approaches for the different development markets.Our results suggest that there is a correlation between the funding of under-resourced municipalities by DBSA and its exposure to financial risk though the correlation is not overwhelmingly significant,but also evidence of a negative correlation between the funding of under-resourced municipalities and the minimization of the financial risk exposure of DBSA.Likewise,there is a negative correlation between funding to all three different sizes of a municipality and ability of the DFI to absorb future losses(non-performing loan coverage ratio).The negative correlation is highest for secondary cities followed by metros and least for under resourced municipalities.The research concludes with four major recommendations of what the role of the DFI should be in enhancing access of under-resourced municipalities to development funding.
文摘The waste referred to includes solid waste and sludge. Solid waste is mainly from urban garbage and industrial waste. Sludge is from water treatment factories, paper mills, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, rivers and lakes. The waste and sludge are very harmful to water organisms, human health and drinking water, and directly affect the environment. Sludge and waste also occupy large areas of land. There are several methods to treat waste and sludge, such as burial, chemical treatment and incineration. Incineration is more effective than the
文摘The NC310 type catalyst for methanol synthesis developedby the SINOPEC Research Institute of NanjingChemical Company has passed the appraisal of researchachievements organized by the Science and TechnologyDivision of the Sinopec Corp. The group of specialistsattending the appraisal meeting has recognized that thiscatalyst has reached the internationally advanced level interms of its overall catalytic performance.
文摘There has been an increasing awareness in China＇s English language teaching profession that curriculum development should take account of the participants within the curriculum development process： the planners, the administrators, the institutions, the teachers, and the learners. This paper attempts to identify the underlying principles of the New English Curriculum in China （2001）, based on which the roles of the learner, teacher, and institution that underpin the development of the new English curriculum in a secondary school in South-west China are critieaUy examined.
文摘These five recommendations cover the most critical aspects of infrastructure development:an attractive pipeline of projects,diversity of financial instruments and a conducive regulatory environment,the role of multilateral development institutions,as well as the management of project life-cycle pro-
文摘The old-age insurance system is an inevitable outcome of the development of human civilization, and is also one of the projects with the largest number of groups involved in the social insurance system. It can provide compensation to the elderly population who meet the statutory conditions of the state to ensure the basic living needs of the elderly. It is through the establishment and improvement of the old-age social insurance system, so that all citizens who have lost their ability to work due to their excessive age can meet the most basic survival guarantee, so as to ensure that they can enjoy the old-age life more stably. As the most populous country in the world, the old-age insurance system is particularly important in our country. At the same time, with the profound changes in the world environment and the increasing aging of the population in various regions, all sectors of society should correctly face the development and current situation of China's old-age insurance system. Only in this way can the old-age insurance system in line with China's actual social and economic development be constructed and continuously improved and optimized.
文摘In 2019, the State Council released the National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan, which puts forward the requirement of "implementing the annual report system of vocational education quality and making the report public to the society", which not only makes an institutional top-level arrangement design for the release of annual reports on the quality of higher vocational education in China, but also for the high-quality development of higher vocational education. A new requirement of standardization is proposed. Based on the exploration of Wuhan Electric Power Technical College (hereinafter referred to as WDY)'s preparation practice in recent years, this paper investigates and analyzes a number of issues affecting the quality of the quality annual report, proposes the path and method of optimizing the preparation of the quality annual report, and attempts to explore the practical significance of the quality annual report to promote the development of high quality vocational colleges from the perspective of the quality of the annual report to promote institutional development.
文摘Both being two developing countries with a vast territory, dense population, and centuries-old ancient civilization, China and India have many in common in natural resources, population size, historical condition, current economic issues, etc. except for regime. The competition between China and India is a typical one between economic institutions. This paper, by making a diachronic analysis on their courses of development, tries to justify the importance of adopting an economic institution suitable to the situation of a country.
文摘Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), was established in August 1983. IMPLAD, headquartered in the Zhongguancun Scientific and Technical Zone, Beijing, China, owns three branch institutes with total over 333 hectares of land in the subtropical regions of southern China, located in
文摘China＇s evolutionary reform brought China economy enormous progress, which also subsided the poverty phenomenon. But the present anti-poverty task is still very arduous for China today. Peasant household＇s microfinance is a kind of important tool which contributes to the poverty alleviation. The sustainable development of microfinance has become a serous problem at present. This text analyses the sustainable development of microfinance through setting up the income model of microfinance, then puts forward the way to solve.
文摘The motto of Tongji University, whose name literally means ＂we are all in the same boat, and must work together to reach common goals＂, describes the harvest of ISEE leaders＇ mission to China in May 2007. ISEE President Joan Martinez-Alier, President-Elect Peter May and the society＇s founder and first President, Robert Costanza as well as ISEE member Robert Ayres, participated in a series of events and meetings in Shanghai and Beijing with a view to build institutional collaboration.
文摘The“burden reduction”policy aims to reduce the workload of primary and secondary school teachers to alleviate their burdens.While it has improved the quality of teachers,implementation challenges still exist.This study utilizes rational choice institutionalism and Ostrom’s institutional analysis and development framework to examine the policy.By considering the preferences of the Ministry of Education,local governments,schools,and teachers,it explores interactions and outcomes,identifies challenges,and provides policy suggestions.
文摘At its third plenary session in July 2024,the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)declared that we must continue to advance reform through opening up.It called for leveraging the strengths of China's enormous market to enhance our capacity for opening up while expanding international cooperation and for developing new institutions for a higher-standard open economy.
