Purpose–The study aims to build a high-precision longitudinal dynamics model for heavy-haul trains and validate it with line test data,present an optimization method for multi-stage cyclic brakes based on the model a...Purpose–The study aims to build a high-precision longitudinal dynamics model for heavy-haul trains and validate it with line test data,present an optimization method for multi-stage cyclic brakes based on the model and conduct a multi-objective detailed evaluation of the driver’s manipulation during cyclic braking.Design/methodology/approach–The high-precision longitudinal train dynamics model was established and verified by the cyclic braking test data of the 20,000 t heavy-haul combination train on the long and steep downgrade.Then the genetic algorithm is employed for optimization subsequent to decoupling multiple cyclic braking procedures,with due consideration of driver operation rules.For evaluation,key manipulation assessments in the scenario are prioritized,supplemented by multi-objective evaluation requirements,and the computational model is employed for detailed evaluation analysis.Findings–Based on the model,experimental data reveal that the probability of longitudinal force error being less than 64.6 kN is approximately 68%,95%for less than 129.2 kN and 99.7%for less than 193.8 kN.Upon optimizing manipulations during the cyclic braking,the maximum reduction in coupler force spans from 21%∼23.9%.Andtheevaluation scoresimply that a proper elevationof the releasingspeed favorssafety.A high electric braking force,although beneficial to some extent for energy-saving,is detrimental to reducing coupler force.Originality/value–The results will provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for further ensuring the safety and energy-efficient operation of heavy haul trains on long downhill sections and improving the operational quality of heavy-haul trains.展开更多
The International Astronomical Union named a small crater on the Moon after the Moroccan explorer Ibn Battouta in 1976.The crater,located on the Moon’s visible side,is called the Ibn Battouta crater.Ibn Battouta is r...The International Astronomical Union named a small crater on the Moon after the Moroccan explorer Ibn Battouta in 1976.The crater,located on the Moon’s visible side,is called the Ibn Battouta crater.Ibn Battouta is regarded as one of the four great medieval travellers.Born in Tangier,he spent nearly 30 years exploring over 30 countries across Africa,Europe,and Asia,including China,covering approximately 120,000 km.In 1355,he documented his travels in a work known as The Rihla.This account has attracted significant academic interest due to its rich details about diverse cultures.展开更多
Announcements for this section should be submitted in the correct format at least 3 months before the required date of publication.This list is provided as a service to readers;inclusion does not imply endorsement by ...Announcements for this section should be submitted in the correct format at least 3 months before the required date of publication.This list is provided as a service to readers;inclusion does not imply endorsement by the Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases International.February,2025Emerging topic conference 2025:MASLD,Met ALD and ALD:Challenges and opportunities February 27-March 1,2025;Four Seasons Hotel Las Vegas,Nevada,USA。展开更多
Everyone likes a fantastic story.But is it better in a book or a movie?Some people enjoy books better.A book gives more details than a movie.Those details help readers understand the characters and story be社er.When y...Everyone likes a fantastic story.But is it better in a book or a movie?Some people enjoy books better.A book gives more details than a movie.Those details help readers understand the characters and story be社er.When you read,you can imagine the story your own way.展开更多
Correction to:Nuclear Science and Techniques(2024)36:8 https://doi.org/10.1007/s41365-024-01570-7 In this article the affiliation details for Author Jian Shan were incorrectly given as‘College of Physics and Electron...Correction to:Nuclear Science and Techniques(2024)36:8 https://doi.org/10.1007/s41365-024-01570-7 In this article the affiliation details for Author Jian Shan were incorrectly given as‘College of Physics and Electronic Engi-neering,Hengyang Normal University,Hengyang 421008,China’but should have been‘School of Nuclear Science and Technology,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China’.The original article has been corrected.展开更多
Shu Embroidery:Traversing over three thousand years Shu Embroidery is a famous traditional art from Sichuan Province in China.This beautiful craft has been practiced for over three thousand years and is an important p...Shu Embroidery:Traversing over three thousand years Shu Embroidery is a famous traditional art from Sichuan Province in China.This beautiful craft has been practiced for over three thousand years and is an important part of Sichuans cultural heritage.Shu Embroidery is known for its bright colors,detailed patterns and intricate craftsmanship.展开更多
Scientific research is a journey into an uncharted territory.Researchers need to have the big picture for navigation and at the same time be detail-oriented,as details make a difference.Here I offer a few tips for con...Scientific research is a journey into an uncharted territory.Researchers need to have the big picture for navigation and at the same time be detail-oriented,as details make a difference.Here I offer a few tips for conducting research that I summarized based on my 30+years of research experience.展开更多
Electric vehicles,powered by electricity stored in a battery pack,are developing rapidly due to the rapid development of energy storage and the related motor systems being environmentally friendly.However,thermal runa...Electric vehicles,powered by electricity stored in a battery pack,are developing rapidly due to the rapid development of energy storage and the related motor systems being environmentally friendly.However,thermal runaway is the key scientific problem in battery safety research,which can cause fire and even lead to battery explosion under impact loading.In this work,a detailed computational model simulating the mechanical deformation and predicting the short-circuit onset of the 18,650 cylindrical battery is established.The detailed computational model,including the anode,cathode,separator,winding,and battery casing,is then developed under the indentation condition.The failure criteria are subsequently established based on the force–displacement curve and the separator failure.Two methods for improving the anti-short circuit ability are proposed.Results show the three causes of the short circuit and the failure sequence of components and reveal the reason why the fire is more serious under dynamic loading than under quasi-static loading.展开更多
As a vectorial property,polarization encodes high-dimensional information of light.Polarization-based imaging can characterize detailed structural features of biomedical samples label-freely.However,compared with othe...As a vectorial property,polarization encodes high-dimensional information of light.Polarization-based imaging can characterize detailed structural features of biomedical samples label-freely.However,compared with other fundamental properties of light,such as intensity,wavelength and phase,polarization has a shorter application history in biomedicine,because of the requirement for both advanced polarization optical components and computational approaches,which can be achieved nowadays with the fast theoretical and hardware development.展开更多
This work focuses on enhancing low frequency seismic data using a convolutional neural network trained on synthetic data.Traditional seismic data often lack both high and low frequencies,which are essential for detail...This work focuses on enhancing low frequency seismic data using a convolutional neural network trained on synthetic data.Traditional seismic data often lack both high and low frequencies,which are essential for detailed geological interpretation and various geophysical applications.Low frequency data is particularly valuable for reducing wavelet sidelobes and improving full waveform inversion(FWI).Conventional methods for bandwidth extension include seismic deconvolution and sparse inversion,which have limitations in recovering low frequencies.The study explores the potential of the U-net,which has been successful in other geophysical applications such as noise attenuation and seismic resolution enhancement.The novelty in our approach is that we do not rely on computationally expensive finite difference modelling to create training data.Instead,our synthetic training data is created from individual randomly perturbed events with variations in bandwidth,making it more adaptable to different data sets compared to previous deep learning methods.The method was tested on both synthetic and real seismic data,demonstrating effective low frequency reconstruction and sidelobe reduction.With a synthetic full waveform inversion to recover a velocity model and a seismic amplitude inversion to estimate acoustic impedance we demonstrate the validity and benefit of the proposed method.Overall,the study presents a robust approach to seismic bandwidth extension using deep learning,emphasizing the importance of diverse and well-designed but computationally inexpensive synthetic training data.展开更多
In recent years,deep learning has been introduced into the field of Single-pixel imaging(SPI),garnering significant attention.However,conventional networks still exhibit limitations in preserving image details.To addr...In recent years,deep learning has been introduced into the field of Single-pixel imaging(SPI),garnering significant attention.However,conventional networks still exhibit limitations in preserving image details.To address this issue,we integrate Large Kernel Convolution(LKconv)into the U-Net framework,proposing an enhanced network structure named U-LKconv network,which significantly enhances the capability to recover image details even under low sampling conditions.展开更多
Rapid progress in manufacturing greatly challenges to the VLSI physical design in both speed and performance. A fast detailed placement algorithm, FAME is presented in this paper, according to these demands. It inhe...Rapid progress in manufacturing greatly challenges to the VLSI physical design in both speed and performance. A fast detailed placement algorithm, FAME is presented in this paper, according to these demands. It inherits the optimal positions of cells given by a global placer and exact position to each cell by local optimization. FM Mincut heuristic and local enumeration are used to optimize the total wirelength in y and x directions respectively, and a two way mixed optimizing flow is adopted to combine the two methods for a better performance. Furthermore, a better enumeration strategy is introduced to speed up the algorithm. An extension dealing with blockages in placement has also been discussed. Experimental results show that FAME runs 4 times faster than RITUAL and achieves a 5% short in total wirelength on average.展开更多
We present a detailed routing algorithm considering the optical proximity effect. The light intensity is calculated beforehand and stored in look-up tables. These costs are used as a constraint to guide the sequential...We present a detailed routing algorithm considering the optical proximity effect. The light intensity is calculated beforehand and stored in look-up tables. These costs are used as a constraint to guide the sequential routing. The routing algorithm is based on constructed force directed Steiner tree routing to enhance routing efficien- cy. Experimental results on industrial benchmark circuits show that the presented routing algorithm can obtain much improvement considering optical effects short runtime.展开更多
Based on a ripped-up and rerouted methodology,a multilayer area detailed router is presented by using simulated evolution technique.A modified maze algorithm is also performed for the single net.
An algorithm is presented for better legal solution in detailed placement of large scale mixed macros and standard cells IC design.Due to the limitation of computing complexity,an effective and efficient initial place...An algorithm is presented for better legal solution in detailed placement of large scale mixed macros and standard cells IC design.Due to the limitation of computing complexity,an effective and efficient initial placement is very important for detailed placement.Novelty of this algorithm lies in a better solution at initial stage by using network flow method to satisfy row capacity constraint and the thought of linear placement problem(LPP) to resolve overlaps.Moreover,divide and conquer strategy and other simplified methods are adopted to minimize complexity.Experimental results show that the algorithm can get an average of 16% wire length improvement on PAFLO in reasonable CPU time.展开更多
从2012年开始,说到可视化编程工具,很多小学信息技术教师首先会想到Scratch。其实在2012年,微软研究院也开发了一款可视化编程工具——Kodu（酷豆）游戏实验室（Kodu Game Lab）（如图1）,它与Scratch程序设计最大的不同点就是,这是一...从2012年开始,说到可视化编程工具,很多小学信息技术教师首先会想到Scratch。其实在2012年,微软研究院也开发了一款可视化编程工具——Kodu（酷豆）游戏实验室（Kodu Game Lab）（如图1）,它与Scratch程序设计最大的不同点就是,这是一款可视化3D游戏编程工具,在界面感受上,它与同年在全球火热的一款游戏《我的世界》有着很大的关联,所以,学生上手之快超过以往任何一款编程工具。展开更多
Recent earthquakes around the world have resulted in loss of human lives and high economic losses due to poor performance of unreinforced masonry constructions as well as poorly-built reinforced concrete framed buildi...Recent earthquakes around the world have resulted in loss of human lives and high economic losses due to poor performance of unreinforced masonry constructions as well as poorly-built reinforced concrete framed buildings. This has necessitated alternative building technologies with improved seismic performance. Confined masonry (CM) construction, has shown excellent behavior during past earthquakes across the world and requires similar skill at a marginally higher cost than that of unreinforced masonry. This paper summarizes the main features of generic construction and gains insight into the behavior of CM elements under earthquake excitations, representing a viable alternative for safe and economical construction in seismic areas.?The paper discusses various influential aspects like sequence of construction, properties and type of masonry material, structural configuration, reinforcement detailing in tie column/beam and masonry, panel aspect ratio, interface between concrete and masonry, axial stress, multiple confining column, opening in wall panels and damage pattern etc. along with solution to overcome the limitations.展开更多
This paper provides an overview of South Korea’s 20-year journey in adopting building information modeling(BIM) and future direction. It first discusses the six phases of BIM adoption in South Korea, starting from th...This paper provides an overview of South Korea’s 20-year journey in adopting building information modeling(BIM) and future direction. It first discusses the six phases of BIM adoption in South Korea, starting from the use of BIM as a marketing tool to its current intelligent BIM phase. The government’s support for BIM-related research and development projects is also highlighted, with a focus on the artificail intelligence (AI)-based architectural design automation project. As the future direction, it explores the integration of AI with BIM in both local and global contexts. The paper presents AIpowered architectural design methods, including AI-powered early architectural design generation and architectural detailing.Compared to AI-based early architectural design generation, architectural detailing is an unexplored research topic. This paper introduces two AI-and BIM-based architectural detailing methods, being developed at Yonsei University:namely,BIM library transplant and Natural language-based Architectural Detailing through Interaction with AI (NADIA). These methods demonstrate how AI-enhanced BIM can enable architects to interactively develop building details using a language model as a conversational AI and a knowledge base, and a BIM authoring tool as a design platform, in the near future.展开更多
文摘Purpose–The study aims to build a high-precision longitudinal dynamics model for heavy-haul trains and validate it with line test data,present an optimization method for multi-stage cyclic brakes based on the model and conduct a multi-objective detailed evaluation of the driver’s manipulation during cyclic braking.Design/methodology/approach–The high-precision longitudinal train dynamics model was established and verified by the cyclic braking test data of the 20,000 t heavy-haul combination train on the long and steep downgrade.Then the genetic algorithm is employed for optimization subsequent to decoupling multiple cyclic braking procedures,with due consideration of driver operation rules.For evaluation,key manipulation assessments in the scenario are prioritized,supplemented by multi-objective evaluation requirements,and the computational model is employed for detailed evaluation analysis.Findings–Based on the model,experimental data reveal that the probability of longitudinal force error being less than 64.6 kN is approximately 68%,95%for less than 129.2 kN and 99.7%for less than 193.8 kN.Upon optimizing manipulations during the cyclic braking,the maximum reduction in coupler force spans from 21%∼23.9%.Andtheevaluation scoresimply that a proper elevationof the releasingspeed favorssafety.A high electric braking force,although beneficial to some extent for energy-saving,is detrimental to reducing coupler force.Originality/value–The results will provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for further ensuring the safety and energy-efficient operation of heavy haul trains on long downhill sections and improving the operational quality of heavy-haul trains.
文摘The International Astronomical Union named a small crater on the Moon after the Moroccan explorer Ibn Battouta in 1976.The crater,located on the Moon’s visible side,is called the Ibn Battouta crater.Ibn Battouta is regarded as one of the four great medieval travellers.Born in Tangier,he spent nearly 30 years exploring over 30 countries across Africa,Europe,and Asia,including China,covering approximately 120,000 km.In 1355,he documented his travels in a work known as The Rihla.This account has attracted significant academic interest due to its rich details about diverse cultures.
文摘Announcements for this section should be submitted in the correct format at least 3 months before the required date of publication.This list is provided as a service to readers;inclusion does not imply endorsement by the Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases International.February,2025Emerging topic conference 2025:MASLD,Met ALD and ALD:Challenges and opportunities February 27-March 1,2025;Four Seasons Hotel Las Vegas,Nevada,USA。
文摘Everyone likes a fantastic story.But is it better in a book or a movie?Some people enjoy books better.A book gives more details than a movie.Those details help readers understand the characters and story be社er.When you read,you can imagine the story your own way.
文摘Correction to:Nuclear Science and Techniques(2024)36:8 https://doi.org/10.1007/s41365-024-01570-7 In this article the affiliation details for Author Jian Shan were incorrectly given as‘College of Physics and Electronic Engi-neering,Hengyang Normal University,Hengyang 421008,China’but should have been‘School of Nuclear Science and Technology,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China’.The original article has been corrected.
文摘Shu Embroidery:Traversing over three thousand years Shu Embroidery is a famous traditional art from Sichuan Province in China.This beautiful craft has been practiced for over three thousand years and is an important part of Sichuans cultural heritage.Shu Embroidery is known for its bright colors,detailed patterns and intricate craftsmanship.
文摘Scientific research is a journey into an uncharted territory.Researchers need to have the big picture for navigation and at the same time be detail-oriented,as details make a difference.Here I offer a few tips for conducting research that I summarized based on my 30+years of research experience.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Numbers:12172149 and 12172151).
文摘Electric vehicles,powered by electricity stored in a battery pack,are developing rapidly due to the rapid development of energy storage and the related motor systems being environmentally friendly.However,thermal runaway is the key scientific problem in battery safety research,which can cause fire and even lead to battery explosion under impact loading.In this work,a detailed computational model simulating the mechanical deformation and predicting the short-circuit onset of the 18,650 cylindrical battery is established.The detailed computational model,including the anode,cathode,separator,winding,and battery casing,is then developed under the indentation condition.The failure criteria are subsequently established based on the force–displacement curve and the separator failure.Two methods for improving the anti-short circuit ability are proposed.Results show the three causes of the short circuit and the failure sequence of components and reveal the reason why the fire is more serious under dynamic loading than under quasi-static loading.
文摘As a vectorial property,polarization encodes high-dimensional information of light.Polarization-based imaging can characterize detailed structural features of biomedical samples label-freely.However,compared with other fundamental properties of light,such as intensity,wavelength and phase,polarization has a shorter application history in biomedicine,because of the requirement for both advanced polarization optical components and computational approaches,which can be achieved nowadays with the fast theoretical and hardware development.
文摘This work focuses on enhancing low frequency seismic data using a convolutional neural network trained on synthetic data.Traditional seismic data often lack both high and low frequencies,which are essential for detailed geological interpretation and various geophysical applications.Low frequency data is particularly valuable for reducing wavelet sidelobes and improving full waveform inversion(FWI).Conventional methods for bandwidth extension include seismic deconvolution and sparse inversion,which have limitations in recovering low frequencies.The study explores the potential of the U-net,which has been successful in other geophysical applications such as noise attenuation and seismic resolution enhancement.The novelty in our approach is that we do not rely on computationally expensive finite difference modelling to create training data.Instead,our synthetic training data is created from individual randomly perturbed events with variations in bandwidth,making it more adaptable to different data sets compared to previous deep learning methods.The method was tested on both synthetic and real seismic data,demonstrating effective low frequency reconstruction and sidelobe reduction.With a synthetic full waveform inversion to recover a velocity model and a seismic amplitude inversion to estimate acoustic impedance we demonstrate the validity and benefit of the proposed method.Overall,the study presents a robust approach to seismic bandwidth extension using deep learning,emphasizing the importance of diverse and well-designed but computationally inexpensive synthetic training data.
文摘In recent years,deep learning has been introduced into the field of Single-pixel imaging(SPI),garnering significant attention.However,conventional networks still exhibit limitations in preserving image details.To address this issue,we integrate Large Kernel Convolution(LKconv)into the U-Net framework,proposing an enhanced network structure named U-LKconv network,which significantly enhances the capability to recover image details even under low sampling conditions.
基金Project Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China( Grant No.697760 2 7) and by National973 Key Projectof China (
文摘Rapid progress in manufacturing greatly challenges to the VLSI physical design in both speed and performance. A fast detailed placement algorithm, FAME is presented in this paper, according to these demands. It inherits the optimal positions of cells given by a global placer and exact position to each cell by local optimization. FM Mincut heuristic and local enumeration are used to optimize the total wirelength in y and x directions respectively, and a two way mixed optimizing flow is adopted to combine the two methods for a better performance. Furthermore, a better enumeration strategy is introduced to speed up the algorithm. An extension dealing with blockages in placement has also been discussed. Experimental results show that FAME runs 4 times faster than RITUAL and achieves a 5% short in total wirelength on average.
文摘We present a detailed routing algorithm considering the optical proximity effect. The light intensity is calculated beforehand and stored in look-up tables. These costs are used as a constraint to guide the sequential routing. The routing algorithm is based on constructed force directed Steiner tree routing to enhance routing efficien- cy. Experimental results on industrial benchmark circuits show that the presented routing algorithm can obtain much improvement considering optical effects short runtime.
文摘Based on a ripped-up and rerouted methodology,a multilayer area detailed router is presented by using simulated evolution technique.A modified maze algorithm is also performed for the single net.
文摘An algorithm is presented for better legal solution in detailed placement of large scale mixed macros and standard cells IC design.Due to the limitation of computing complexity,an effective and efficient initial placement is very important for detailed placement.Novelty of this algorithm lies in a better solution at initial stage by using network flow method to satisfy row capacity constraint and the thought of linear placement problem(LPP) to resolve overlaps.Moreover,divide and conquer strategy and other simplified methods are adopted to minimize complexity.Experimental results show that the algorithm can get an average of 16% wire length improvement on PAFLO in reasonable CPU time.
文摘从2012年开始,说到可视化编程工具,很多小学信息技术教师首先会想到Scratch。其实在2012年,微软研究院也开发了一款可视化编程工具——Kodu（酷豆）游戏实验室（Kodu Game Lab）（如图1）,它与Scratch程序设计最大的不同点就是,这是一款可视化3D游戏编程工具,在界面感受上,它与同年在全球火热的一款游戏《我的世界》有着很大的关联,所以,学生上手之快超过以往任何一款编程工具。
文摘Recent earthquakes around the world have resulted in loss of human lives and high economic losses due to poor performance of unreinforced masonry constructions as well as poorly-built reinforced concrete framed buildings. This has necessitated alternative building technologies with improved seismic performance. Confined masonry (CM) construction, has shown excellent behavior during past earthquakes across the world and requires similar skill at a marginally higher cost than that of unreinforced masonry. This paper summarizes the main features of generic construction and gains insight into the behavior of CM elements under earthquake excitations, representing a viable alternative for safe and economical construction in seismic areas.?The paper discusses various influential aspects like sequence of construction, properties and type of masonry material, structural configuration, reinforcement detailing in tie column/beam and masonry, panel aspect ratio, interface between concrete and masonry, axial stress, multiple confining column, opening in wall panels and damage pattern etc. along with solution to overcome the limitations.
基金funded by the Civil Engineering Graphics Branch of China Graphicsthe Korea Agency for Infrastructure Technology Advancement (KAIA) grant funded by the Ministry of Land,Infrastructure and Transport (Grant RS-2021-KA163269)。
文摘This paper provides an overview of South Korea’s 20-year journey in adopting building information modeling(BIM) and future direction. It first discusses the six phases of BIM adoption in South Korea, starting from the use of BIM as a marketing tool to its current intelligent BIM phase. The government’s support for BIM-related research and development projects is also highlighted, with a focus on the artificail intelligence (AI)-based architectural design automation project. As the future direction, it explores the integration of AI with BIM in both local and global contexts. The paper presents AIpowered architectural design methods, including AI-powered early architectural design generation and architectural detailing.Compared to AI-based early architectural design generation, architectural detailing is an unexplored research topic. This paper introduces two AI-and BIM-based architectural detailing methods, being developed at Yonsei University:namely,BIM library transplant and Natural language-based Architectural Detailing through Interaction with AI (NADIA). These methods demonstrate how AI-enhanced BIM can enable architects to interactively develop building details using a language model as a conversational AI and a knowledge base, and a BIM authoring tool as a design platform, in the near future.
