Multi-constrained pipes conveying fluid,such as aircraft hydraulic control pipes,are susceptible to resonance fatigue in harsh vibration environments,which may lead to system failure and even catastrophic accidents.In...Multi-constrained pipes conveying fluid,such as aircraft hydraulic control pipes,are susceptible to resonance fatigue in harsh vibration environments,which may lead to system failure and even catastrophic accidents.In this study,a machine learning(ML)-assisted weak vibration design method under harsh environmental excitations is proposed.The dynamic model of a typical pipe is developed using the absolute nodal coordinate formulation(ANCF)to determine its vibrational characteristics.With the harsh vibration environments as the preserved frequency band(PFB),the safety design is defined by comparing the natural frequency with the PFB.By analyzing the safety design of pipes with different constraint parameters,the dataset of the absolute safety length and the absolute resonance length of the pipe is obtained.This dataset is then utilized to develop genetic programming(GP)algorithm-based ML models capable of producing explicit mathematical expressions of the pipe's absolute safety length and absolute resonance length with the location,stiffness,and total number of retaining clips as design variables.The proposed ML models effectively bridge the dataset with the prediction results.Thus,the ML model is utilized to stagger the natural frequency,and the PFB is utilized to achieve the weak vibration design.The findings of the present study provide valuable insights into the practical application of weak vibration design.展开更多
Slope ecological protection technology is a form of slope protection with high ornamental and good economic value.At present,it is widely used in highways and urban streets’slope protection works.However,its use is n...Slope ecological protection technology is a form of slope protection with high ornamental and good economic value.At present,it is widely used in highways and urban streets’slope protection works.However,its use is not very common in mountain tourism highways;hence,it is necessary to implement strategies for mountain tourism highway slope ecological protection design to promote excellent development.展开更多
The interfacial structure plays an important role in the mechanical properties of magnesium matrix composite(MMCs)reinforced with graphene nanosheet(GNS)due to their poor wettability with the Mg matrix.An interface de...The interfacial structure plays an important role in the mechanical properties of magnesium matrix composite(MMCs)reinforced with graphene nanosheet(GNS)due to their poor wettability with the Mg matrix.An interface design strategy was proposed to form the semi-coherent interfacial structure with superior bonding strength.The lattice mismatch and interfacial bonding strength between Mg/rare earth oxide/carbon were utilized as key characteristics to evaluate the interfacial structure.Lanthanum oxide(La2O3)was selected as the intermediate candidate due to its low lattice mismatch and high interfacial bonding strength.To identify the interfacial structure of Mg/La2O3/graphene,first-principles calculations were conducted to calculate the ideal work of separation and electronic structure of the interfaces.Results demonstrated the presence of strong ionic and covalent interactions at the interface,which theoretically verified the strong interfacial bonding strength among Mg/La2O3/graphene interfaces.To experimentally validate the interface strength,MMCs with the interface structure of Mg/La2O3/GNS were developed.The formation of in-situ La2O3 led to the successful attainment of semi-coherent structures between Mg/La2O3 and La2O3/GNS,resulting in high strength and good ductility of the composite.Overall,this work proposes a new approach to interface design in MMCs with an enhancement of mechanical properties.展开更多
Highway is an important kind of infrastructure which the transportation sector depends on.The rationality of the interchange design between urban roads and expressways is related to the relieving of urban traffic pres...Highway is an important kind of infrastructure which the transportation sector depends on.The rationality of the interchange design between urban roads and expressways is related to the relieving of urban traffic pressure.Based on the status quo of interchange design between urban roads and expressways,this paper discusses the types and applications of interchange design,hoping to provide reference for the design and construction of highway projects and ensure the rationality of interchange design.展开更多
Under the new energy resource structure,electrocatalysts are key materials for the development of proton membrane fuel cells,electrolysis of aquatic hydrogen devices,and carbon dioxide reduction equipment,to address e...Under the new energy resource structure,electrocatalysts are key materials for the development of proton membrane fuel cells,electrolysis of aquatic hydrogen devices,and carbon dioxide reduction equipment,to address energy shortages and even environmental pollution issues.Although controlling the morphology or doping with heteroatoms for catalyst active centers have accelerated the reaction rate,it is difficult to solve the problems of multiple by-products,and poor stability of catalytic sites.From this,it will be seen that single regulation of metal active centers is difficult to comprehensively solve application problems.Orderly assembly and coordination of catalyst multi-hierarchy structures at the mesoscale above the nanometer level probably be more reasonable strategies,and numerous studies in thermal catalysis have supported this viewpoint.This article reviews the multi-hierarchy design of electrocatalyst active centers,high-energy supports,and peripheral structures in recent years,providing unconventional inspiration about electrocatalyst creation,which perhaps serves as a simple tutorial of electrocatalysis exploration for abecedarian.展开更多
Traditional CAD technique does not support the design processes such as function definition, conceptual design and preliminary design, which are most creative and play significant roles on the design quality. Because ...Traditional CAD technique does not support the design processes such as function definition, conceptual design and preliminary design, which are most creative and play significant roles on the design quality. Because scheme design has close relationship with product structure, performance and technology cost, it is important for applying the intelligent CAD of scheme design to improve the quality and competitive level of the product. The definition and function of welding positioner are discussed in this paper. The new definition of welding positioner extends the research scope of welding positioner to welding fixture and welding positioning motion mechanism. The design process of welding fixture and positioning motion system is described, and the cased based and knowledge based design strategy of welding positioner scheme design intelligent CAD is then put forward, which lays foundation for developing proto type system of welding positioner scheme design.展开更多
With the accelerated development and utilization of urban underground space,the underground space design of complex based on rail transit has attracted much attention.By sorting out the integration concept and constru...With the accelerated development and utilization of urban underground space,the underground space design of complex based on rail transit has attracted much attention.By sorting out the integration concept and constructing the logical framework of integrated design,the integrated design strategy is proposed from the aspects of function,transportation,space and environment on the urban scale,and the evaluation points of integrated design effect are put forward from the aspects of accessibility,coordination,openness and symbolism.展开更多
The memorial hall is an important place to learn red culture in China,which plays a positive role in carrying forward red culture and continuing revolutionary spirit.The outline of the “14^(th) Five-year” plan point...The memorial hall is an important place to learn red culture in China,which plays a positive role in carrying forward red culture and continuing revolutionary spirit.The outline of the “14^(th) Five-year” plan points out that “it should adhere to the integrated development,shape tourism with culture,highlight culture with tourism,and improve the system of integrated development of culture and tourism”.On this basis,it is proposed that the development of memorial halls in the new era needs the integration of culture and tourism.In this paper,the protection status of red culture of Hehan Detachment is investigated,and its existing problems are analyzed.The construction of Hehan Detachment Memorial Hall is taken as research object.The design strategy of the memorial hall is put forward,and rural red culture undertakings and the integrated development of culture and tourism industry are further established and improved.The research could provide a valuable reference for continuing red culture undertakings and innovating the development of culture and tourism industry at present.展开更多
Organic afterglow materials have drawn increasing attention for their great potential in practical applications.Until now,most of them just show the lifetimes in milliseconds or seconds,while the realization of long p...Organic afterglow materials have drawn increasing attention for their great potential in practical applications.Until now,most of them just show the lifetimes in milliseconds or seconds,while the realization of long persistent luminescence(LPL)lasting for minutes or even hours is difficult.In 2017,Adachi and Kabe successfully realize the LPL with a duration longer than 1 hour in a purely organic system,which can be even comparable to some excellent inorganic materials.However,partially for the unclear structure-property relationship,organic LPL materials are still rather scarce,especially for the stable ones in air or aqueous solution.In this review,we present the recent progress in organic LPL,mainly focusing on the material design strategy and internal mechanism.It is anticipated that the deep understanding can be beneficial for the further development of organic LPL materials with good stability in air and even aqueous phase.展开更多
Mathematics homework is an important part of mathematics teaching. The new curriculum reform has not made specific measures for mathematics homework. At present, teachers dont know how to design layered homework in ho...Mathematics homework is an important part of mathematics teaching. The new curriculum reform has not made specific measures for mathematics homework. At present, teachers dont know how to design layered homework in homework arrangement. Mathematics is a logical subject, and most students have resistance to mathematics learning. Some researchers use the experimental method to study the design of elementary school mathematics stratified homework, taking the students in parallel classes as the research objects, and designing the mathematics homework to meet the students learning needs according to the students learning characteristics. Based on this, this paper studies the optimal design strategy of hierarchical exercises of senior mathematics in primary schools for reference.展开更多
Based on the functions and characteristics of the interchange collector-distributor lanes,with Harbin as an example,it is proposed in this paper that the local characteristics and traffic flow characteristics should b...Based on the functions and characteristics of the interchange collector-distributor lanes,with Harbin as an example,it is proposed in this paper that the local characteristics and traffic flow characteristics should be considered in the design of the interchange collector-distributor lanes,which includes the analysis of function,location,and many other aspects,in hopes to provide reference for the design of collector-distributor lanes in other regions of our country.展开更多
With the gradual increase of the building scale and the significant improvement of peoples living standards, the living quality of housing has put forward higher requirements. The rapid development of the construction...With the gradual increase of the building scale and the significant improvement of peoples living standards, the living quality of housing has put forward higher requirements. The rapid development of the construction industry, the level of building information requirements are also getting higher and higher. At present, building managers gradually begin to use the prefabricated housing concept, and enhance the application of BIM technology. The reasonable application of BIM technology, as a new construction technology, can not only speed up the construction progress of the project, but also effectively enhance the environmental protection performance of the engineering construction, which can significantly improve the economic benefits and ecological benefits of the construction project, and promote the sustainable development of the construction industry. Therefore, reasonable measures should be taken to combine the key design points of prefabricated houses to realize the efficient application of BIM technology and effectively guarantee the living safety of buildings.展开更多
With the improvement of people's living standards in China, daily energy consumption is also higher and higher, energy saving is more and more important, which has become one of the most urgent problems in the cur...With the improvement of people's living standards in China, daily energy consumption is also higher and higher, energy saving is more and more important, which has become one of the most urgent problems in the current construction engineering. HVAC is one of the important projects in construction engineering, and also one of the main energy consumption projects in construction engineering. Its energy-saving technology has been paid more and more attention.展开更多
Organ-on-a-chip(OoC)has emerged as a revolutionary technique in recent decades,capable of replicating essential aspects of physiological and pathophysiological processes of human organs in vitro.Serving as an effectiv...Organ-on-a-chip(OoC)has emerged as a revolutionary technique in recent decades,capable of replicating essential aspects of physiological and pathophysiological processes of human organs in vitro.Serving as an effective tissue culture method for creating digital twins,OoCs show significant promise and have found applications in disease modelling,drug screening,and tissue engineering.However,there has been a lack of emphasis on the fundamental design principles of OoCs in existing literature,a crucial aspect that cannot be overlooked,especially for beginners venturing into the realm of OoCs.Therefore,this paper endeavors to provide a comprehensive overview by delving into the historical development of OoCs,outlining the characteristics of their scaffolds,presenting design strategies for both conceptualisation and fabrication processes,and offering a detailed description of design mechanisms and guidelines based on recent research publications.Furthermore,it explores future prospects and challenges within the OoC domain.Serving as a foundational guide for those new to OoC exploration,this paper aims to furnish a thorough introduction to the fabrication and design strategies employed in OoCs.展开更多
Multicolor fluorescent probes based on small organic molecules have the advantages of low cost, good biocompatibility, easily modifiable molecular structures and adjustable fluorescence performance. In addition, small...Multicolor fluorescent probes based on small organic molecules have the advantages of low cost, good biocompatibility, easily modifiable molecular structures and adjustable fluorescence performance. In addition, small molecule multicolor fluorescent probes generally undergo multi-site or multi-step reactions, which means that they can be used for the specific detection of structurally similar substances in complex bio-systems. In this review, we focus on the design and application of multicolor fluorescent probes based on small organic molecules: single fluorophores with multiple reaction sites, multiple fluorophores with single reaction sites, or multiple fluorophores with multiple reaction sites. Moreover, a design strategy for multicolor fluorescent probes and its application in biological imaging are also summarized, providing a systematic plan for future research on fluorescent probes functionalized by small organic molecules. It will also play an important role in the development of additional functions for small organic molecule fluorescent probes.展开更多
Since LiOsO_3 was discovered, obtaining easy-accessible polar metals for research and applications has been challenging. In this paper, we present a multilayer design strategy, which is configured as ferroelectric lay...Since LiOsO_3 was discovered, obtaining easy-accessible polar metals for research and applications has been challenging. In this paper, we present a multilayer design strategy, which is configured as ferroelectric layer/carrier reservoir layer/isolation layer/substrate, for obtaining polar metals by electrostatically doping a strained ferroelectric material in a more effective way. In the proposed configuration, both 1 unit-cell thick BaTiO_3 and PbTiO_3 exhibited considerable Ti off-centering with various strains,which should extend the applicability of ferroelectric-based polar metals in ultra-thin devices. Moreover, engineered by the compressive strain and the BaTiO_3 thickness, the design strategy effectively achieved polar metallicity and dimensionalitytunable electronic states associated with the modulation of highly anisotropic properties such as electrical and electronic thermal conductivity, which may be helpful for designing ultra-thin, ultrafast, and low-power switch devices.展开更多
As a kind of large-scale physical energy storage,compressed air energy storage(CAES)plays an important role in the construction of more efficient energy system based on renewable energy in the future.Compared with tra...As a kind of large-scale physical energy storage,compressed air energy storage(CAES)plays an important role in the construction of more efficient energy system based on renewable energy in the future.Compared with traditional industrial compressors,the compressor of CAES has higher off-design performance requirements.From the perspective of design,it needs to pay attention not only to the performance of the design point,but also to the performance of all the stable working range.However,from the previous literature,no diagonal compressor was used in CAES which can meet the requirements,which also reflects the design program can be further improved.Therefore,this paper studies the design strategy of high efficient diagonal compressor for large-scale CAES,and gives the complete strategy algorithms used for different program modules.The pressure ratio,isentropic efficiency and stable working range are comprehensively considered.In the design process,the criteria for the key parameters of the diagonal flow angle of the diagonal compressor are given for the first time.The results show that the isentropic efficiency at the design point is 92.7%,the total pressure ratio is1.97,and the stable working range exceeds 20%,which meets the design requirements of the compressor for CAES and exceeds the overall performance of the previous compressors in the entire working range.展开更多
Singlet fission(SF)has attracted much attention on account of its great potential for applications in high efficiency solar energy conversion.The major roadblock to realize this potential is rooted in the limited avai...Singlet fission(SF)has attracted much attention on account of its great potential for applications in high efficiency solar energy conversion.The major roadblock to realize this potential is rooted in the limited availability of practical SF material with strong absorption,suitable triplet energy level,an efficient SF process,and good chemical stability.Quinoidal structures feature an innate diradical character,which endows these skeletons with SF potential yet results in some structural instability.展开更多
The evolution of cancer therapies has highlighted the limitations of traditional chemotherapy,particularly its lack of specificity and off-target toxicities,driving the development of targeted treatments like small mo...The evolution of cancer therapies has highlighted the limitations of traditional chemotherapy,particularly its lack of specificity and off-target toxicities,driving the development of targeted treatments like small molecule-drug conjugates(SMDCs).SMDCs offer distinct advantages over antibody-drug conjugates(ADCs),including simpler synthesis,lower production costs,and improved solid tumor penetration due to their smaller size.However,challenges remain,such as a limited variety of targeting ligands and the complexity of optimizing selectivity and efficacy within the tumor microenvironment.This review focuses on key aspects such as mechanisms of action,biomarker selection,and the optimization of each component of SMDCs.It also covers SMDCs that have been approved or are currently under active clinical trials,while providing insights into future developments in this promising field of targeted cancer therapies.展开更多
Solid-state lithium-ion batteries(SSLIBs) offer significant advantages over traditional liquid-electrolytebased batteries,including improved safety,higher energy density,and better thermal stability.Among various anod...Solid-state lithium-ion batteries(SSLIBs) offer significant advantages over traditional liquid-electrolytebased batteries,including improved safety,higher energy density,and better thermal stability.Among various anode materials,silicon(Si)-based anodes have attracted significant attention due to their ultrahigh theoretical capacity(~4200 mAh/g) and abundant resources.However,widespread adoption of Si-based anodes in SSLIBs is still restricted by some critical challenges such as severe volume expansion,low electronic and ionic conductivity,high interfacial impedance,and low initial Coulombic efficiency(ICE).This review mainly focuses on the design strategies of Si-based anode for SSLIBs at the material,electrode and cell levels including nanostructuring,Si alloys,Si-carbon composites,conductive additives,advanced binder,external pressure,electrolyte infiltration,and prelithiation.The insights provided here aim to inspire future research and accelerate commercialization of high-performance Si-based anodes in next-generation SSLIBs.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12421002)the National Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(No.12025204)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12372015)China Scholarship Council(No.202206890065)。
文摘Multi-constrained pipes conveying fluid,such as aircraft hydraulic control pipes,are susceptible to resonance fatigue in harsh vibration environments,which may lead to system failure and even catastrophic accidents.In this study,a machine learning(ML)-assisted weak vibration design method under harsh environmental excitations is proposed.The dynamic model of a typical pipe is developed using the absolute nodal coordinate formulation(ANCF)to determine its vibrational characteristics.With the harsh vibration environments as the preserved frequency band(PFB),the safety design is defined by comparing the natural frequency with the PFB.By analyzing the safety design of pipes with different constraint parameters,the dataset of the absolute safety length and the absolute resonance length of the pipe is obtained.This dataset is then utilized to develop genetic programming(GP)algorithm-based ML models capable of producing explicit mathematical expressions of the pipe's absolute safety length and absolute resonance length with the location,stiffness,and total number of retaining clips as design variables.The proposed ML models effectively bridge the dataset with the prediction results.Thus,the ML model is utilized to stagger the natural frequency,and the PFB is utilized to achieve the weak vibration design.The findings of the present study provide valuable insights into the practical application of weak vibration design.
文摘Slope ecological protection technology is a form of slope protection with high ornamental and good economic value.At present,it is widely used in highways and urban streets’slope protection works.However,its use is not very common in mountain tourism highways;hence,it is necessary to implement strategies for mountain tourism highway slope ecological protection design to promote excellent development.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2022YFC2905204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.52061028,52061039)the Interdisciplinary Innovation Fund of Nanchang University (IIFNCU),China (No.9166-27060003-ZD05).
文摘The interfacial structure plays an important role in the mechanical properties of magnesium matrix composite(MMCs)reinforced with graphene nanosheet(GNS)due to their poor wettability with the Mg matrix.An interface design strategy was proposed to form the semi-coherent interfacial structure with superior bonding strength.The lattice mismatch and interfacial bonding strength between Mg/rare earth oxide/carbon were utilized as key characteristics to evaluate the interfacial structure.Lanthanum oxide(La2O3)was selected as the intermediate candidate due to its low lattice mismatch and high interfacial bonding strength.To identify the interfacial structure of Mg/La2O3/graphene,first-principles calculations were conducted to calculate the ideal work of separation and electronic structure of the interfaces.Results demonstrated the presence of strong ionic and covalent interactions at the interface,which theoretically verified the strong interfacial bonding strength among Mg/La2O3/graphene interfaces.To experimentally validate the interface strength,MMCs with the interface structure of Mg/La2O3/GNS were developed.The formation of in-situ La2O3 led to the successful attainment of semi-coherent structures between Mg/La2O3 and La2O3/GNS,resulting in high strength and good ductility of the composite.Overall,this work proposes a new approach to interface design in MMCs with an enhancement of mechanical properties.
文摘Highway is an important kind of infrastructure which the transportation sector depends on.The rationality of the interchange design between urban roads and expressways is related to the relieving of urban traffic pressure.Based on the status quo of interchange design between urban roads and expressways,this paper discusses the types and applications of interchange design,hoping to provide reference for the design and construction of highway projects and ensure the rationality of interchange design.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91963206,21932004,21872067,22172072)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2021YFA1500301)。
文摘Under the new energy resource structure,electrocatalysts are key materials for the development of proton membrane fuel cells,electrolysis of aquatic hydrogen devices,and carbon dioxide reduction equipment,to address energy shortages and even environmental pollution issues.Although controlling the morphology or doping with heteroatoms for catalyst active centers have accelerated the reaction rate,it is difficult to solve the problems of multiple by-products,and poor stability of catalytic sites.From this,it will be seen that single regulation of metal active centers is difficult to comprehensively solve application problems.Orderly assembly and coordination of catalyst multi-hierarchy structures at the mesoscale above the nanometer level probably be more reasonable strategies,and numerous studies in thermal catalysis have supported this viewpoint.This article reviews the multi-hierarchy design of electrocatalyst active centers,high-energy supports,and peripheral structures in recent years,providing unconventional inspiration about electrocatalyst creation,which perhaps serves as a simple tutorial of electrocatalysis exploration for abecedarian.
文摘Traditional CAD technique does not support the design processes such as function definition, conceptual design and preliminary design, which are most creative and play significant roles on the design quality. Because scheme design has close relationship with product structure, performance and technology cost, it is important for applying the intelligent CAD of scheme design to improve the quality and competitive level of the product. The definition and function of welding positioner are discussed in this paper. The new definition of welding positioner extends the research scope of welding positioner to welding fixture and welding positioning motion mechanism. The design process of welding fixture and positioning motion system is described, and the cased based and knowledge based design strategy of welding positioner scheme design intelligent CAD is then put forward, which lays foundation for developing proto type system of welding positioner scheme design.
文摘With the accelerated development and utilization of urban underground space,the underground space design of complex based on rail transit has attracted much attention.By sorting out the integration concept and constructing the logical framework of integrated design,the integrated design strategy is proposed from the aspects of function,transportation,space and environment on the urban scale,and the evaluation points of integrated design effect are put forward from the aspects of accessibility,coordination,openness and symbolism.
基金Sponsored by Stage Achievements of Major Projects of Humanities and Social Sciences in Colleges and Universities of Anhui Province (SK2021ZD0036)。
文摘The memorial hall is an important place to learn red culture in China,which plays a positive role in carrying forward red culture and continuing revolutionary spirit.The outline of the “14^(th) Five-year” plan points out that “it should adhere to the integrated development,shape tourism with culture,highlight culture with tourism,and improve the system of integrated development of culture and tourism”.On this basis,it is proposed that the development of memorial halls in the new era needs the integration of culture and tourism.In this paper,the protection status of red culture of Hehan Detachment is investigated,and its existing problems are analyzed.The construction of Hehan Detachment Memorial Hall is taken as research object.The design strategy of the memorial hall is put forward,and rural red culture undertakings and the integrated development of culture and tourism industry are further established and improved.The research could provide a valuable reference for continuing red culture undertakings and innovating the development of culture and tourism industry at present.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52273191,22235006)the Chinese Chemical Society Young Talent Lifting Project,the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City(No.22JCYBJC00760)+1 种基金the starting Grants of Tianjin University and Tianjin Government,the Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices(South China University of Technology)(No.2024-skllmd-04)Independent Innovation Fund of Tianjin University(No.2023XPD-0014),for financial support.
文摘Organic afterglow materials have drawn increasing attention for their great potential in practical applications.Until now,most of them just show the lifetimes in milliseconds or seconds,while the realization of long persistent luminescence(LPL)lasting for minutes or even hours is difficult.In 2017,Adachi and Kabe successfully realize the LPL with a duration longer than 1 hour in a purely organic system,which can be even comparable to some excellent inorganic materials.However,partially for the unclear structure-property relationship,organic LPL materials are still rather scarce,especially for the stable ones in air or aqueous solution.In this review,we present the recent progress in organic LPL,mainly focusing on the material design strategy and internal mechanism.It is anticipated that the deep understanding can be beneficial for the further development of organic LPL materials with good stability in air and even aqueous phase.
文摘Mathematics homework is an important part of mathematics teaching. The new curriculum reform has not made specific measures for mathematics homework. At present, teachers dont know how to design layered homework in homework arrangement. Mathematics is a logical subject, and most students have resistance to mathematics learning. Some researchers use the experimental method to study the design of elementary school mathematics stratified homework, taking the students in parallel classes as the research objects, and designing the mathematics homework to meet the students learning needs according to the students learning characteristics. Based on this, this paper studies the optimal design strategy of hierarchical exercises of senior mathematics in primary schools for reference.
文摘Based on the functions and characteristics of the interchange collector-distributor lanes,with Harbin as an example,it is proposed in this paper that the local characteristics and traffic flow characteristics should be considered in the design of the interchange collector-distributor lanes,which includes the analysis of function,location,and many other aspects,in hopes to provide reference for the design of collector-distributor lanes in other regions of our country.
文摘With the gradual increase of the building scale and the significant improvement of peoples living standards, the living quality of housing has put forward higher requirements. The rapid development of the construction industry, the level of building information requirements are also getting higher and higher. At present, building managers gradually begin to use the prefabricated housing concept, and enhance the application of BIM technology. The reasonable application of BIM technology, as a new construction technology, can not only speed up the construction progress of the project, but also effectively enhance the environmental protection performance of the engineering construction, which can significantly improve the economic benefits and ecological benefits of the construction project, and promote the sustainable development of the construction industry. Therefore, reasonable measures should be taken to combine the key design points of prefabricated houses to realize the efficient application of BIM technology and effectively guarantee the living safety of buildings.
文摘With the improvement of people's living standards in China, daily energy consumption is also higher and higher, energy saving is more and more important, which has become one of the most urgent problems in the current construction engineering. HVAC is one of the important projects in construction engineering, and also one of the main energy consumption projects in construction engineering. Its energy-saving technology has been paid more and more attention.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFA1405002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12325405,T2221001,32400074)Seed Funding of the First Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine(No.BQD2319).
文摘Organ-on-a-chip(OoC)has emerged as a revolutionary technique in recent decades,capable of replicating essential aspects of physiological and pathophysiological processes of human organs in vitro.Serving as an effective tissue culture method for creating digital twins,OoCs show significant promise and have found applications in disease modelling,drug screening,and tissue engineering.However,there has been a lack of emphasis on the fundamental design principles of OoCs in existing literature,a crucial aspect that cannot be overlooked,especially for beginners venturing into the realm of OoCs.Therefore,this paper endeavors to provide a comprehensive overview by delving into the historical development of OoCs,outlining the characteristics of their scaffolds,presenting design strategies for both conceptualisation and fabrication processes,and offering a detailed description of design mechanisms and guidelines based on recent research publications.Furthermore,it explores future prospects and challenges within the OoC domain.Serving as a foundational guide for those new to OoC exploration,this paper aims to furnish a thorough introduction to the fabrication and design strategies employed in OoCs.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21672131,21775096)One Hundred People Plan of Shanxi Province,Shanxi Province“1331 Project”Key Innovation Team Construction Plan Cultivation Team(2018-CT-1)+7 种基金2018 Xiangyuan County Solid Waste Comprehensive Utilization Science and Technology Project(2018XYSDJS-05)Shanxi Province Foundation for Returness(2017-026)Shanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of High Value-added Utilization of Coal-related Wastes(2015-10-B3)the Shanxi Province Foundation for Selected(No.2019)the Innovative Talents of Higher Education Institutions of Shanxi,Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi(2019L0031)the Key R&D Program of Shanxi Province(201903D421069)the Shanxi Province Science Foundation(201901D111015)China Institute for Radiation Production and Scientific Instrument Center of Shanxi University(201512).
文摘Multicolor fluorescent probes based on small organic molecules have the advantages of low cost, good biocompatibility, easily modifiable molecular structures and adjustable fluorescence performance. In addition, small molecule multicolor fluorescent probes generally undergo multi-site or multi-step reactions, which means that they can be used for the specific detection of structurally similar substances in complex bio-systems. In this review, we focus on the design and application of multicolor fluorescent probes based on small organic molecules: single fluorophores with multiple reaction sites, multiple fluorophores with single reaction sites, or multiple fluorophores with multiple reaction sites. Moreover, a design strategy for multicolor fluorescent probes and its application in biological imaging are also summarized, providing a systematic plan for future research on fluorescent probes functionalized by small organic molecules. It will also play an important role in the development of additional functions for small organic molecule fluorescent probes.
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2014CB921001)the Strategic Priority Research Program(B)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB07030200)+2 种基金the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.QYZDJ-SSW-SLH020)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0303604)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11721404,and11674385)
文摘Since LiOsO_3 was discovered, obtaining easy-accessible polar metals for research and applications has been challenging. In this paper, we present a multilayer design strategy, which is configured as ferroelectric layer/carrier reservoir layer/isolation layer/substrate, for obtaining polar metals by electrostatically doping a strained ferroelectric material in a more effective way. In the proposed configuration, both 1 unit-cell thick BaTiO_3 and PbTiO_3 exhibited considerable Ti off-centering with various strains,which should extend the applicability of ferroelectric-based polar metals in ultra-thin devices. Moreover, engineered by the compressive strain and the BaTiO_3 thickness, the design strategy effectively achieved polar metallicity and dimensionalitytunable electronic states associated with the modulation of highly anisotropic properties such as electrical and electronic thermal conductivity, which may be helpful for designing ultra-thin, ultrafast, and low-power switch devices.
基金supported by the Major Science and Technology Projects of Inner Mongolia(Grant No.2021ZD0030)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52106278)+2 种基金the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.51925604)the Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province(No.[2019]1422)Xplorer Prize。
文摘As a kind of large-scale physical energy storage,compressed air energy storage(CAES)plays an important role in the construction of more efficient energy system based on renewable energy in the future.Compared with traditional industrial compressors,the compressor of CAES has higher off-design performance requirements.From the perspective of design,it needs to pay attention not only to the performance of the design point,but also to the performance of all the stable working range.However,from the previous literature,no diagonal compressor was used in CAES which can meet the requirements,which also reflects the design program can be further improved.Therefore,this paper studies the design strategy of high efficient diagonal compressor for large-scale CAES,and gives the complete strategy algorithms used for different program modules.The pressure ratio,isentropic efficiency and stable working range are comprehensively considered.In the design process,the criteria for the key parameters of the diagonal flow angle of the diagonal compressor are given for the first time.The results show that the isentropic efficiency at the design point is 92.7%,the total pressure ratio is1.97,and the stable working range exceeds 20%,which meets the design requirements of the compressor for CAES and exceeds the overall performance of the previous compressors in the entire working range.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.22005210,21833005,and 21833006).
文摘Singlet fission(SF)has attracted much attention on account of its great potential for applications in high efficiency solar energy conversion.The major roadblock to realize this potential is rooted in the limited availability of practical SF material with strong absorption,suitable triplet energy level,an efficient SF process,and good chemical stability.Quinoidal structures feature an innate diradical character,which endows these skeletons with SF potential yet results in some structural instability.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82473781,82173652 and 81872728)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20221522)Support from Jiangsu“333 High Level Talents Cultivation”Leading Talents(No.2022–3–16–203)。
文摘The evolution of cancer therapies has highlighted the limitations of traditional chemotherapy,particularly its lack of specificity and off-target toxicities,driving the development of targeted treatments like small molecule-drug conjugates(SMDCs).SMDCs offer distinct advantages over antibody-drug conjugates(ADCs),including simpler synthesis,lower production costs,and improved solid tumor penetration due to their smaller size.However,challenges remain,such as a limited variety of targeting ligands and the complexity of optimizing selectivity and efficacy within the tumor microenvironment.This review focuses on key aspects such as mechanisms of action,biomarker selection,and the optimization of each component of SMDCs.It also covers SMDCs that have been approved or are currently under active clinical trials,while providing insights into future developments in this promising field of targeted cancer therapies.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22366032,52072119)Hunan Intelligent Rehabilitation Robot and Auxiliary Equipment Engineering Technology Research Center(No.2025SH301)。
文摘Solid-state lithium-ion batteries(SSLIBs) offer significant advantages over traditional liquid-electrolytebased batteries,including improved safety,higher energy density,and better thermal stability.Among various anode materials,silicon(Si)-based anodes have attracted significant attention due to their ultrahigh theoretical capacity(~4200 mAh/g) and abundant resources.However,widespread adoption of Si-based anodes in SSLIBs is still restricted by some critical challenges such as severe volume expansion,low electronic and ionic conductivity,high interfacial impedance,and low initial Coulombic efficiency(ICE).This review mainly focuses on the design strategies of Si-based anode for SSLIBs at the material,electrode and cell levels including nanostructuring,Si alloys,Si-carbon composites,conductive additives,advanced binder,external pressure,electrolyte infiltration,and prelithiation.The insights provided here aim to inspire future research and accelerate commercialization of high-performance Si-based anodes in next-generation SSLIBs.
