Removal of brittle materials in the brittle or ductile mode inevitably causes damaged or strained surface layers containing cracks, scratches or dislocations. Within elastic deformation, the arrangement of each atom c...Removal of brittle materials in the brittle or ductile mode inevitably causes damaged or strained surface layers containing cracks, scratches or dislocations. Within elastic deformation, the arrangement of each atom can be recovered back to its original position without any defects introduced. Based on surface hydroxylation and chemisorption theory, material removal mechanism of quartz glass in the elastic mode is analyzed to obtain defect-free surface. Elastic contact condition between nanoparticle and quartz glass surface is confirmed from the Hertz contact theory model. Atoms on the quartz glass surface are removed by chemical bond generated by impact reaction in the elastic mode, so no defects are generated without mechanical process. Experiment was conducted on a numerically controlled system for nanoparticle jet polishing, and one flat quartz glass was polished in the elastic mode. Results show that scratches on the sample surface are completely removed away with no mechanical defects introduced, and microroughness(Ra) is decreased from 1.23 nm to 0.47 nm. Functional group Ce — O — Si on ceria nanoparticles after polishing was detected directly and indirectly by FTIR, XRD and XPS spectra analysis from which the chemical impact reaction is validated.展开更多
Radiation defects-induced plastic flow localization is the origin of loss of ductility in irradiated metals.Defect-free channels(DFCs)are a typical form of strain localization that lead to crack initiation and prematu...Radiation defects-induced plastic flow localization is the origin of loss of ductility in irradiated metals.Defect-free channels(DFCs)are a typical form of strain localization that lead to crack initiation and premature failure.A comprehensive understanding of the DFC dynamics is key to managing radiation boosted property degradation.Despite great research efforts,a clear mechanism of DFC remains unknown.Here,our in-situ tests on irradiated Ni pillars provide a real-time observation of the dynamics of DFCs,including DFC initiation,extension and thickening.The merging and spreading of dislocation loops serve as an alternative mechanism of dislocation sources that emit massive dislocations and initiate nano-thick DFCs inside the grain.Nano-thick DFCs were formed through chopping up or sweeping away of loops by mobile dislocations.Annihilation of opposite loops and interactions between loops and vacancies accelerate DFC extension.Activation of multiple dislocation sources and dislocation cross-slips are the mechanisms for DFC thickening.展开更多
This paper presents the findings of a study on the helpful approaches to write essentially defectfree code among senior students majored in software engineering.In the first phase of the lab study,we prepared 9 coding...This paper presents the findings of a study on the helpful approaches to write essentially defectfree code among senior students majored in software engineering.In the first phase of the lab study,we prepared 9 coding projects for students which will help them to find their own best practices or principles to write essentially defect-free code before unit test.These students were interviewed regarding the use of their own best practices,their principles,and problems arising from the coding projects.We present qualitative and quantitative findings as well as our plans for second study phase including an industry field study.展开更多
Introducing defects into graphene has been widely utilized to realize the negative magnetoresistanee(MR)effect in graphene.However,the reported graphene negative MR exhibits only^10%under 10 T at room temperature to d...Introducing defects into graphene has been widely utilized to realize the negative magnetoresistanee(MR)effect in graphene.However,the reported graphene negative MR exhibits only^10%under 10 T at room temperature to date,which extremely limits the resolution of future spintronics devices.Moreover,intentional defect introduction can also cause unintentional degradation in graphene's intrinsic properties.In this paper,we report a magnetic logic inverter based on a crossed structure of defect-free graphene,resulting in a substantial gain of 4.81 mV/T while exhibiting room temperature operation.This crossed structure of graphene shows large unsaturated room temperature negative MR with an enhancement of up to 1,000%at 9 T.A transition behavior between negative and positive MR is observed in this crossed structure and the transition temperature can be tuned by a ratio of the conductivity between in-plane and out-of-plane transport.Our results open an intriguing path for future two-dimensional spintronics device applications.展开更多
The defect-free neutral atom array has emerged as an ideal platform to investigate complex many-body physics of interacting quantum particles,offering the opportunities for quantum simulation and quantum-enhanced metr...The defect-free neutral atom array has emerged as an ideal platform to investigate complex many-body physics of interacting quantum particles,offering the opportunities for quantum simulation and quantum-enhanced metrology.To fast build a large-scale quantum system,we design a sorting-atom algorithm with maximum parallelisms.Compared with previous protocols,our method saves the rearrangement time by sorting row-by-row and is also universal to arbitrary periodic patterns with no need to change the hardware.We present the generation of a defect-free square and other periodic geometries and demonstrate the potential to scale up a defect-free array to 2500 atoms with only about 180 steps of rearrangement.展开更多
Graphene,owing to its exceptional electronic,optical,thermal,and mechanical properties,has emerged as a highly promising material.Currently,the synthesis of large-area graphene films on metal substrates via chemical v...Graphene,owing to its exceptional electronic,optical,thermal,and mechanical properties,has emerged as a highly promising material.Currently,the synthesis of large-area graphene films on metal substrates via chemical vapor deposition remains the predominant approach for producing high-quality graphene.To realize the potential applications of graphene,it is essential to transfer graphene films to target substrates in a manner that is non-destructive,clean,and efficient,as this significantly affects the performance of graphene devices.This review examines the current methods for graphene transfer from three perspectives:non-destructive transfer,clean transfer,and high-efficiency transfer.It analyzes and compares the advancements and limitations of various transfer techniques.Finally,the review identifies the key challenges faced by current graphene transfer methods and anticipates future developmental prospects.展开更多
目的:探讨唇红弹性瓣在颊癌口角缺损中的临床修复效果。方法:选择2015年1月—2021年4月中南大学湘雅二医院口腔颌面外科收治的颊癌患者33例。所有患者行颊颌颈联合根治术及口角切除,同期行股前外侧游离皮瓣及唇红弹性瓣修复重建。使用...目的:探讨唇红弹性瓣在颊癌口角缺损中的临床修复效果。方法:选择2015年1月—2021年4月中南大学湘雅二医院口腔颌面外科收治的颊癌患者33例。所有患者行颊颌颈联合根治术及口角切除,同期行股前外侧游离皮瓣及唇红弹性瓣修复重建。使用头颈肿瘤治疗功能评估量表(the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck,FACT-HN)评估患者术前及术后1年的口角形态、美观、咀嚼、吞咽及语言功能,测量开口度。采用SPSS 19.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:33例患者的皮瓣成功率为100%。与术前相比,术后患者的美观评分显著下降(P<0.001),但口角形态无显著差异(P>0.05)。与术前相比,术后患者的咀嚼功能显著改善(P=0.004);但吞咽功能和语言功能无显著改善(P>0.05)。与术前相比,术后患者的开口度显著增加(P<0.05),患者对开口度的满意度为75.7%。结论:唇红弹性瓣可以较好恢复患者的口角形态,为口角缺损患者的修复重建提供一种可靠的选择方案。展开更多
Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤病(neurofibromatosis type Ⅰ,NF-Ⅰ)是一种常染色体显性遗传的疾病[1],其主要是由于在胚胎发育的过程中神经嵴细胞异常发育而导致的一种遗传疾病,其发病的部位常常累及神经系统和皮肤组织[2]。在文献统计中,Ⅰ型神经纤...Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤病(neurofibromatosis type Ⅰ,NF-Ⅰ)是一种常染色体显性遗传的疾病[1],其主要是由于在胚胎发育的过程中神经嵴细胞异常发育而导致的一种遗传疾病,其发病的部位常常累及神经系统和皮肤组织[2]。在文献统计中,Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤病的发病率约为1/3500,在头颈部的神经纤维瘤病多呈浸润性生长,常导致头颈部肥大、畸形,对于头颈部巨大的NF-Ⅰ,其治疗的主要手段以手术为主,术后出现软组织缺损较大,常常需要皮瓣进行修复,且手术的致畸风险和出血风险也较其它疾病较高,术前常需备血,术中需严格控制出血,若出血较多需及时进行输血[3-4],因此,对于头颈部的巨大神经纤维瘤病的治疗方案,目前各位学者的意见仍不相同,仍需要继续探索和研究,本文报道1例双侧游离股前外侧kiss皮瓣修复头部巨大神经纤维瘤病的治疗过程及体会,以期为该类疾病的临床诊治提供帮助,现报道如下。本研究经过甘肃省肿瘤医院医学伦理委员会批准(批件编号:A202207010050),且患者知情同意。展开更多
基金Projects(51305450,51275521)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Removal of brittle materials in the brittle or ductile mode inevitably causes damaged or strained surface layers containing cracks, scratches or dislocations. Within elastic deformation, the arrangement of each atom can be recovered back to its original position without any defects introduced. Based on surface hydroxylation and chemisorption theory, material removal mechanism of quartz glass in the elastic mode is analyzed to obtain defect-free surface. Elastic contact condition between nanoparticle and quartz glass surface is confirmed from the Hertz contact theory model. Atoms on the quartz glass surface are removed by chemical bond generated by impact reaction in the elastic mode, so no defects are generated without mechanical process. Experiment was conducted on a numerically controlled system for nanoparticle jet polishing, and one flat quartz glass was polished in the elastic mode. Results show that scratches on the sample surface are completely removed away with no mechanical defects introduced, and microroughness(Ra) is decreased from 1.23 nm to 0.47 nm. Functional group Ce — O — Si on ceria nanoparticles after polishing was detected directly and indirectly by FTIR, XRD and XPS spectra analysis from which the chemical impact reaction is validated.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51922082,51971170,51942104 and11675230)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFB0702301)the 111 Project of China(Grant Number BP2018008)。
文摘Radiation defects-induced plastic flow localization is the origin of loss of ductility in irradiated metals.Defect-free channels(DFCs)are a typical form of strain localization that lead to crack initiation and premature failure.A comprehensive understanding of the DFC dynamics is key to managing radiation boosted property degradation.Despite great research efforts,a clear mechanism of DFC remains unknown.Here,our in-situ tests on irradiated Ni pillars provide a real-time observation of the dynamics of DFCs,including DFC initiation,extension and thickening.The merging and spreading of dislocation loops serve as an alternative mechanism of dislocation sources that emit massive dislocations and initiate nano-thick DFCs inside the grain.Nano-thick DFCs were formed through chopping up or sweeping away of loops by mobile dislocations.Annihilation of opposite loops and interactions between loops and vacancies accelerate DFC extension.Activation of multiple dislocation sources and dislocation cross-slips are the mechanisms for DFC thickening.
文摘This paper presents the findings of a study on the helpful approaches to write essentially defectfree code among senior students majored in software engineering.In the first phase of the lab study,we prepared 9 coding projects for students which will help them to find their own best practices or principles to write essentially defect-free code before unit test.These students were interviewed regarding the use of their own best practices,their principles,and problems arising from the coding projects.We present qualitative and quantitative findings as well as our plans for second study phase including an industry field study.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation Committee of the China Academy of Engineering Physics(NSAF)(No.U1630108)the joint fund of the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFA0402902)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11434009)This research was partially carried out at the USTC Center for Micro and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication.
文摘Introducing defects into graphene has been widely utilized to realize the negative magnetoresistanee(MR)effect in graphene.However,the reported graphene negative MR exhibits only^10%under 10 T at room temperature to date,which extremely limits the resolution of future spintronics devices.Moreover,intentional defect introduction can also cause unintentional degradation in graphene's intrinsic properties.In this paper,we report a magnetic logic inverter based on a crossed structure of defect-free graphene,resulting in a substantial gain of 4.81 mV/T while exhibiting room temperature operation.This crossed structure of graphene shows large unsaturated room temperature negative MR with an enhancement of up to 1,000%at 9 T.A transition behavior between negative and positive MR is observed in this crossed structure and the transition temperature can be tuned by a ratio of the conductivity between in-plane and out-of-plane transport.Our results open an intriguing path for future two-dimensional spintronics device applications.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2020YFA0309400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12222409,12174081,and 11974228)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Shanxi Province(No.202101150101025)the financial support from the Royal Society Newton International Fellowship Alumni(AL201024)。
文摘The defect-free neutral atom array has emerged as an ideal platform to investigate complex many-body physics of interacting quantum particles,offering the opportunities for quantum simulation and quantum-enhanced metrology.To fast build a large-scale quantum system,we design a sorting-atom algorithm with maximum parallelisms.Compared with previous protocols,our method saves the rearrangement time by sorting row-by-row and is also universal to arbitrary periodic patterns with no need to change the hardware.We present the generation of a defect-free square and other periodic geometries and demonstrate the potential to scale up a defect-free array to 2500 atoms with only about 180 steps of rearrangement.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFB2009002).
文摘Graphene,owing to its exceptional electronic,optical,thermal,and mechanical properties,has emerged as a highly promising material.Currently,the synthesis of large-area graphene films on metal substrates via chemical vapor deposition remains the predominant approach for producing high-quality graphene.To realize the potential applications of graphene,it is essential to transfer graphene films to target substrates in a manner that is non-destructive,clean,and efficient,as this significantly affects the performance of graphene devices.This review examines the current methods for graphene transfer from three perspectives:non-destructive transfer,clean transfer,and high-efficiency transfer.It analyzes and compares the advancements and limitations of various transfer techniques.Finally,the review identifies the key challenges faced by current graphene transfer methods and anticipates future developmental prospects.
文摘目的:探讨唇红弹性瓣在颊癌口角缺损中的临床修复效果。方法:选择2015年1月—2021年4月中南大学湘雅二医院口腔颌面外科收治的颊癌患者33例。所有患者行颊颌颈联合根治术及口角切除,同期行股前外侧游离皮瓣及唇红弹性瓣修复重建。使用头颈肿瘤治疗功能评估量表(the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck,FACT-HN)评估患者术前及术后1年的口角形态、美观、咀嚼、吞咽及语言功能,测量开口度。采用SPSS 19.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:33例患者的皮瓣成功率为100%。与术前相比,术后患者的美观评分显著下降(P<0.001),但口角形态无显著差异(P>0.05)。与术前相比,术后患者的咀嚼功能显著改善(P=0.004);但吞咽功能和语言功能无显著改善(P>0.05)。与术前相比,术后患者的开口度显著增加(P<0.05),患者对开口度的满意度为75.7%。结论:唇红弹性瓣可以较好恢复患者的口角形态,为口角缺损患者的修复重建提供一种可靠的选择方案。
文摘Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤病(neurofibromatosis type Ⅰ,NF-Ⅰ)是一种常染色体显性遗传的疾病[1],其主要是由于在胚胎发育的过程中神经嵴细胞异常发育而导致的一种遗传疾病,其发病的部位常常累及神经系统和皮肤组织[2]。在文献统计中,Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤病的发病率约为1/3500,在头颈部的神经纤维瘤病多呈浸润性生长,常导致头颈部肥大、畸形,对于头颈部巨大的NF-Ⅰ,其治疗的主要手段以手术为主,术后出现软组织缺损较大,常常需要皮瓣进行修复,且手术的致畸风险和出血风险也较其它疾病较高,术前常需备血,术中需严格控制出血,若出血较多需及时进行输血[3-4],因此,对于头颈部的巨大神经纤维瘤病的治疗方案,目前各位学者的意见仍不相同,仍需要继续探索和研究,本文报道1例双侧游离股前外侧kiss皮瓣修复头部巨大神经纤维瘤病的治疗过程及体会,以期为该类疾病的临床诊治提供帮助,现报道如下。本研究经过甘肃省肿瘤医院医学伦理委员会批准(批件编号:A202207010050),且患者知情同意。
