Pressure-preserved coring technologies are critical for deep-earth resource exploration but are constrained by the inability to achieve multidirectional coring,restricting exploration range while escalating costs and ...Pressure-preserved coring technologies are critical for deep-earth resource exploration but are constrained by the inability to achieve multidirectional coring,restricting exploration range while escalating costs and environmental impacts.We developed a multidirectional pressure-preserved coring system based on magnetic control for deep-earth environments up to 5000 m.The system integrates a magnetically controlled method and key pressure-preserved components to ensure precise self-triggering and self-sealing.It is supported by geometric control equations for optimizing structural stability.Their structure was verified and optimized through theoretical and numerical calculations to meet design objectives.To clarify the self-triggering mechanism in complex environments,a dynamic interference model was established,verifying stability during multidirectional coring.The prototype was fabricated,and functional tests confirmed that it met its design objectives.In a 300-meter-deep test inclined well,10 coring operations were completed with a 100%pressure-preserved success rate,confirming the accuracy of the dynamic interference model analysis.Field trials in a 1970-meter-deep inclined petroleum well,representative of complex environments,demonstrated an in-situ pressure preservation efficiency of 92.18%at 22 MPa.This system innovatively expands the application scope of pressure-preserved coring,providing technical support for efficient and sustainable deep resources exploration and mining.展开更多
本文介绍了红外感知技术在“向上看”的深空探测与“向下看”的对地观测两大领域的发展脉络和前沿挑战。在深空探测方面,以詹姆斯·韦布空间望远镜(James Webb Space Telescope, JWST)为代表,该技术正通过超大口径、甚长波段和超低...本文介绍了红外感知技术在“向上看”的深空探测与“向下看”的对地观测两大领域的发展脉络和前沿挑战。在深空探测方面,以詹姆斯·韦布空间望远镜(James Webb Space Telescope, JWST)为代表,该技术正通过超大口径、甚长波段和超低温制冷等手段,不断逼近观测的物理极限,并致力于揭示宇宙早期的历史奥秘。阐述了对地观测领域不同时期搭载于各类卫星的红外探测载荷的主要发展过程及其代表性和特色。红外对地观测技术从过去宽幅下的低空间分辨率和少量波段,向着空谱大范围下的时-空-谱-辐分辨率提升迈进。大口径低背景光学、长波长高灵敏度探测器、片上智能感知、大数据孪生系统等新型技术,以及通导遥一体的“即时遥感”和商业航天的大规模发展,将助力构建“红外数字地球”底座,增强人类对地球多圈层异常事件以及各种复杂循环过程演变的实时认知和精准预测,推动红外对地观测技术走向大众化应用。展开更多
“深时数字地球”(Deep-time Digital Earth,简称DDE)是由中国科学家发起和主导,并由国际最大的地学组织——国际地质科学联合会批准的第一个大科学计划。深时数字地球旨在为地球的发展演变创建一个前所未有的互联互通的数字档案,利用...“深时数字地球”(Deep-time Digital Earth,简称DDE)是由中国科学家发起和主导,并由国际最大的地学组织——国际地质科学联合会批准的第一个大科学计划。深时数字地球旨在为地球的发展演变创建一个前所未有的互联互通的数字档案,利用先进的信息技术和数据科学方法,将地质历史的时间尺度与现代地球观测数据相结合,构建一个全面、动态、多维的地球系统模型。古地理图是揭示地表演变过程、板块运动、物种分布变迁等地质和环境资源问题,构建深时数字地球的重要时空可视化工具。从20世纪70年代开始,国外学者开始通过收集的大量以古地磁为主的地球物理数据、地质年代学数据、古生物化石数据等地学数据构建古地理重建模型。经过20年的努力,在EarthByte、Gplates Web Portal等网站发布了叠加地貌图、地质图、高程信息、磁异常、岩性等要素信息的近30种古地理图。当前,国内很多在线地质信息应用系统包含了样品、产状、化石、矿点等要素在现代地图的叠加展示,但是大多数系统缺少在线古地理图可视化功能,因此,无法从时间维度表达地质数据的年代信息。本文作者力求全部采用基于免费开源框架的技术路线构建一个能够快速部署的古地理图可视化Web应用(single page application, SPA)系统,在一个页面内可以切换不同古地理重建模型,展示岩石、古生物化石等兼具空间属性和地质年代学属性的地质要素。采用Vue组件实现前端模块组件与数据的分离,易于与Web GIS系统前端进行数据传输和功能模块的整合,从而可以快速集成进基于B\S架构的地质信息系统中。展开更多
In 2023,the China National Petroleum Corporation(CNPC)has successfully drilled a 10000-m ultra-deep well-TK-1 in the Tarim Basin,NW China.This pioneering project has achieved dual breakthroughs in ten-thousand-meter u...In 2023,the China National Petroleum Corporation(CNPC)has successfully drilled a 10000-m ultra-deep well-TK-1 in the Tarim Basin,NW China.This pioneering project has achieved dual breakthroughs in ten-thousand-meter ultra-deep earth science research and hydrocarbon exploration while driving technological advancements in ultra-deep well drilling engineering.The successful completion of TK-1 has yielded transformative geological discoveries.For the first time in exploration history,comprehensive data including cores,well logs,fluids,temperature and pressure were obtained from 10000-meter depths.These findings conclusively demonstrate the existence of effective source rocks,carbonate reservoirs,and producible conventional hydrocarbons at such extreme depths-fundamentally challenging established petroleum geology paradigms.The results not only confirm the enormous hydrocarbon potential of ultra-deep formations in the Tarim Basin but also identify the most promising exploration targets.From an engineering perspective,the project has established four groundbreaking technological systems:safe drilling in complex pressure systems of ultra-deep wells,optimized and fast drilling in complex and difficult-to-drill formations of ultra-deep wells,wellbore quality control under harsh conditions in ultra-deep wells,and data acquisition in ultra-deep,ultra-high-temperature complex formations.Additionally,ten key tools for ultra-deep well drilling and completion engineering were developed,enabling the successful completion of Asia’s first and the world’s second-deepest vertical well.This achievement has significantly advanced the understanding of geological conditions at depths exceeding 10000 m and positioned China as one of the few countries with core technologies for ultra-deep well drilling.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFF0615401)Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U24A2087)+1 种基金Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.SKLGME022009)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42477191)。
文摘Pressure-preserved coring technologies are critical for deep-earth resource exploration but are constrained by the inability to achieve multidirectional coring,restricting exploration range while escalating costs and environmental impacts.We developed a multidirectional pressure-preserved coring system based on magnetic control for deep-earth environments up to 5000 m.The system integrates a magnetically controlled method and key pressure-preserved components to ensure precise self-triggering and self-sealing.It is supported by geometric control equations for optimizing structural stability.Their structure was verified and optimized through theoretical and numerical calculations to meet design objectives.To clarify the self-triggering mechanism in complex environments,a dynamic interference model was established,verifying stability during multidirectional coring.The prototype was fabricated,and functional tests confirmed that it met its design objectives.In a 300-meter-deep test inclined well,10 coring operations were completed with a 100%pressure-preserved success rate,confirming the accuracy of the dynamic interference model analysis.Field trials in a 1970-meter-deep inclined petroleum well,representative of complex environments,demonstrated an in-situ pressure preservation efficiency of 92.18%at 22 MPa.This system innovatively expands the application scope of pressure-preserved coring,providing technical support for efficient and sustainable deep resources exploration and mining.
文摘本文介绍了红外感知技术在“向上看”的深空探测与“向下看”的对地观测两大领域的发展脉络和前沿挑战。在深空探测方面,以詹姆斯·韦布空间望远镜(James Webb Space Telescope, JWST)为代表,该技术正通过超大口径、甚长波段和超低温制冷等手段,不断逼近观测的物理极限,并致力于揭示宇宙早期的历史奥秘。阐述了对地观测领域不同时期搭载于各类卫星的红外探测载荷的主要发展过程及其代表性和特色。红外对地观测技术从过去宽幅下的低空间分辨率和少量波段,向着空谱大范围下的时-空-谱-辐分辨率提升迈进。大口径低背景光学、长波长高灵敏度探测器、片上智能感知、大数据孪生系统等新型技术,以及通导遥一体的“即时遥感”和商业航天的大规模发展,将助力构建“红外数字地球”底座,增强人类对地球多圈层异常事件以及各种复杂循环过程演变的实时认知和精准预测,推动红外对地观测技术走向大众化应用。
文摘“深时数字地球”(Deep-time Digital Earth,简称DDE)是由中国科学家发起和主导,并由国际最大的地学组织——国际地质科学联合会批准的第一个大科学计划。深时数字地球旨在为地球的发展演变创建一个前所未有的互联互通的数字档案,利用先进的信息技术和数据科学方法,将地质历史的时间尺度与现代地球观测数据相结合,构建一个全面、动态、多维的地球系统模型。古地理图是揭示地表演变过程、板块运动、物种分布变迁等地质和环境资源问题,构建深时数字地球的重要时空可视化工具。从20世纪70年代开始,国外学者开始通过收集的大量以古地磁为主的地球物理数据、地质年代学数据、古生物化石数据等地学数据构建古地理重建模型。经过20年的努力,在EarthByte、Gplates Web Portal等网站发布了叠加地貌图、地质图、高程信息、磁异常、岩性等要素信息的近30种古地理图。当前,国内很多在线地质信息应用系统包含了样品、产状、化石、矿点等要素在现代地图的叠加展示,但是大多数系统缺少在线古地理图可视化功能,因此,无法从时间维度表达地质数据的年代信息。本文作者力求全部采用基于免费开源框架的技术路线构建一个能够快速部署的古地理图可视化Web应用(single page application, SPA)系统,在一个页面内可以切换不同古地理重建模型,展示岩石、古生物化石等兼具空间属性和地质年代学属性的地质要素。采用Vue组件实现前端模块组件与数据的分离,易于与Web GIS系统前端进行数据传输和功能模块的整合,从而可以快速集成进基于B\S架构的地质信息系统中。
文摘In 2023,the China National Petroleum Corporation(CNPC)has successfully drilled a 10000-m ultra-deep well-TK-1 in the Tarim Basin,NW China.This pioneering project has achieved dual breakthroughs in ten-thousand-meter ultra-deep earth science research and hydrocarbon exploration while driving technological advancements in ultra-deep well drilling engineering.The successful completion of TK-1 has yielded transformative geological discoveries.For the first time in exploration history,comprehensive data including cores,well logs,fluids,temperature and pressure were obtained from 10000-meter depths.These findings conclusively demonstrate the existence of effective source rocks,carbonate reservoirs,and producible conventional hydrocarbons at such extreme depths-fundamentally challenging established petroleum geology paradigms.The results not only confirm the enormous hydrocarbon potential of ultra-deep formations in the Tarim Basin but also identify the most promising exploration targets.From an engineering perspective,the project has established four groundbreaking technological systems:safe drilling in complex pressure systems of ultra-deep wells,optimized and fast drilling in complex and difficult-to-drill formations of ultra-deep wells,wellbore quality control under harsh conditions in ultra-deep wells,and data acquisition in ultra-deep,ultra-high-temperature complex formations.Additionally,ten key tools for ultra-deep well drilling and completion engineering were developed,enabling the successful completion of Asia’s first and the world’s second-deepest vertical well.This achievement has significantly advanced the understanding of geological conditions at depths exceeding 10000 m and positioned China as one of the few countries with core technologies for ultra-deep well drilling.
