Loss of volume in midface can result in an aged, wasted appearance. Osseous and fat atrophy with aging may further contribute to the loss of soft tissue support and midface ptosis. In the aging of periorbital area and...Loss of volume in midface can result in an aged, wasted appearance. Osseous and fat atrophy with aging may further contribute to the loss of soft tissue support and midface ptosis. In the aging of periorbital area and midface, fat atrophy occurs mostly in the suborbicularis oculi fat (SOOF) area. The authors proposed that injection of hyaluronic acid (HA) filler to support the SOOF area could counteract the aging sign due to fat atrophy, restore volume loss and achieve a more youthful appearance. The authors described the treatment of 10 female patients who received CHAP<sup></sup><sup>®</sup>-particle hyaluronic acid (CHAP<sup>®</sup>-HA) injections for cheek augmentation, using single-point deep injection technique at midface in close proximity to SOOF area. Such approach provides satisfactory cheek augmentation results without significant complications. The authors discussed a rationale for their choice of dermal filler and provided an injection technique for restoring volume in the midface region with CHAP<sup>®</sup>-HA. Such technique is relatively quick to perform, have little down time, and result in a high rate of patient satisfaction.展开更多
Five sequences of deep fluid injections at the Pohang Enhanced Geothermal System(EGS)triggered an ML 5.4 earthquake on November 15,2017.The foreshock-mainshock-aftershock sequence was monitored using dense seismic net...Five sequences of deep fluid injections at the Pohang Enhanced Geothermal System(EGS)triggered an ML 5.4 earthquake on November 15,2017.The foreshock-mainshock-aftershock sequence was monitored using dense seismic networks.Between November 14,2017,and May 31,2023,this study detected 5,169 earthquakes and determined the relative locations of 4,902 earthquakes,including seven foreshocks.A heterogeneous subsurface fault model is proposed,in which the fault is reactivated by induced and triggered earthquakes.The earthquake frequency decreased after the mainshock,with a temporary increase after the ML 4.6 event on February 10,2018.The magnitude-frequency b-values are significantly lower than those for the background seismicity in the Korean Peninsula and those for the 2016 Gyeongju earthquake sequence.The aftershock decay rate p-values are within the range of typical values,regardless of decreasing over time.The earthquake focal mechanisms exhibit a predominance of strike-slip components,whereas the slip tendency indicates a higher value in reverse faulting geometry,implying stress redistribution after the mainshock.The seismic landscape with ongoing aftershock activity after the 2017 Pohang earthquake underscores the importance of sustained,long-term seismic monitoring to comprehensively grasp the implications of the new seismic environment for seismic hazards in the area.展开更多
文摘Loss of volume in midface can result in an aged, wasted appearance. Osseous and fat atrophy with aging may further contribute to the loss of soft tissue support and midface ptosis. In the aging of periorbital area and midface, fat atrophy occurs mostly in the suborbicularis oculi fat (SOOF) area. The authors proposed that injection of hyaluronic acid (HA) filler to support the SOOF area could counteract the aging sign due to fat atrophy, restore volume loss and achieve a more youthful appearance. The authors described the treatment of 10 female patients who received CHAP<sup></sup><sup>®</sup>-particle hyaluronic acid (CHAP<sup>®</sup>-HA) injections for cheek augmentation, using single-point deep injection technique at midface in close proximity to SOOF area. Such approach provides satisfactory cheek augmentation results without significant complications. The authors discussed a rationale for their choice of dermal filler and provided an injection technique for restoring volume in the midface region with CHAP<sup>®</sup>-HA. Such technique is relatively quick to perform, have little down time, and result in a high rate of patient satisfaction.
基金funded by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP)grant from the Ministry of Trade,Industry and Energy(MOTIE)(No.20198210100030,20208310100020)the Nuclear Safety Research Program through the Korea Foundation of Nuclear Safety(KoFONS)grant from the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission(NSSC)(No.071610)of the Republic of Korea.
文摘Five sequences of deep fluid injections at the Pohang Enhanced Geothermal System(EGS)triggered an ML 5.4 earthquake on November 15,2017.The foreshock-mainshock-aftershock sequence was monitored using dense seismic networks.Between November 14,2017,and May 31,2023,this study detected 5,169 earthquakes and determined the relative locations of 4,902 earthquakes,including seven foreshocks.A heterogeneous subsurface fault model is proposed,in which the fault is reactivated by induced and triggered earthquakes.The earthquake frequency decreased after the mainshock,with a temporary increase after the ML 4.6 event on February 10,2018.The magnitude-frequency b-values are significantly lower than those for the background seismicity in the Korean Peninsula and those for the 2016 Gyeongju earthquake sequence.The aftershock decay rate p-values are within the range of typical values,regardless of decreasing over time.The earthquake focal mechanisms exhibit a predominance of strike-slip components,whereas the slip tendency indicates a higher value in reverse faulting geometry,implying stress redistribution after the mainshock.The seismic landscape with ongoing aftershock activity after the 2017 Pohang earthquake underscores the importance of sustained,long-term seismic monitoring to comprehensively grasp the implications of the new seismic environment for seismic hazards in the area.
