This study investigates the disparities in the deployment of photovoltaic(PV)technology for carbon emissions reduction across different nations,highlighting the mismatch between countries with high economic capacity a...This study investigates the disparities in the deployment of photovoltaic(PV)technology for carbon emissions reduction across different nations,highlighting the mismatch between countries with high economic capacity and those where PV installation would maximize global decarbonization benefits.This mismatch is discussed based on three key factors influencing decarbonization via PV technology:per capita gross domestic product;carbon intensity of the energy system;and solar resource availability.Current PV deployment is predominantly concentrated in economically advanced countries,and does not coincide with regions where the environmental and economic impact of such installations would be most significant.Through a series of thought experiments,it is demonstrated how alternative prioritization strategies could significantly reduce global carbon emissions.Argument is put forward for a globally coordinated approach to PV deployment,particularly targeting high-impact sunbelt regions,to enhance the efficacy of decarbonization efforts and promote equitable energy access.The study underscores the need for international policies that support sustainable energy transitions in economically less developed regions through workforce development and assistance with the activation of capital.展开更多
China's pursuit of its dual carbon goal has turned the country's energy transition and the role of natural gas into key concerns for policymakers and researchers.This study adopts a macro-level analytical appr...China's pursuit of its dual carbon goal has turned the country's energy transition and the role of natural gas into key concerns for policymakers and researchers.This study adopts a macro-level analytical approach when reviewing national energy and climate policies together with recent data to assess energy-transition progress and the role of gas in this transition.The study's main findings are as follows:(1)China's energy transition has made clear progress in terms of targets,institutions,and the energy mix;however,it continues to face major problems,such as coal dependence,a rigid industrial structure,and weak incentives for low-carbon energy.In addition,a basic transition pathway is taking shape marked by five main trends:advancing the dual-carbon goals,building a new energy system,developing a new power system,implementing carbon-emission dual control,and improving the national carbon market;(2)The historical evolution of Chinese natural gas industry shows that gas is now mainly positioned as a clean fuel whose core function is to replace coal and improve environmental quality;(3)In the future energy transition,the role of natural gas can be defined:a buffer for energy security,a flexible resource for balancing the power system,and an important source of low-carbon hydrogen and chemical feedstocks.Overall,the study concludes that policy efforts should focus on strengthening the multiple functions of natural gas under tight carbon emission constraints to better support China's long-term low-carbon development.展开更多
Decarbonization in operational residential buildings worldwide has become critical in achieving the carbon neutral target due to the growing household energy demand.To accelerate the pace of global carbon neutrality,t...Decarbonization in operational residential buildings worldwide has become critical in achieving the carbon neutral target due to the growing household energy demand.To accelerate the pace of global carbon neutrality,this study explores the operational carbon change in global residential buildings through the generalized Divisia index method and decoupling analysis,considering the decarbonization levels of residential buildings at different scales.The results show that(1)most of the samples showed a decrease in the total emissions from 2000 to 2019.Except for China and the United States(US),the carbon emissions in global residential building operations decreased by 7.95 million tons of carbon dioxide(MtCO_(2))per year over the study period.Emissions per gross domestic product(GDP)was the most positive driver causing the decarbonization of residential buildings,while GDP was the most negative driver.(2)Carbon intensity was essential to achieving a strong decoupling of economic development and carbon emissions.The US almost consistently presented strong decoupling,while China showed weak decoupling over the last two decades.(3)The pace of decarbonization in global residential building operations is gradually slowing down.From 2000 to 2019,decarbonization from residential buildings across 30 countries was 2094.3 MtCO_(2),with a decarbonization efficiency of 3.4%.Overall,this study addresses gaps in evaluating global decarbonization from operational residential buildings and provides a reference for evaluating building decarbonization by other emitters.展开更多
基金supported by the Helmholtz Association within the framework of the innovation platform“Solar TAP”[Az:714-62150-3/1(2023)]co-funded by the European Union(ERC,C2C-PV,project number 101088359)。
文摘This study investigates the disparities in the deployment of photovoltaic(PV)technology for carbon emissions reduction across different nations,highlighting the mismatch between countries with high economic capacity and those where PV installation would maximize global decarbonization benefits.This mismatch is discussed based on three key factors influencing decarbonization via PV technology:per capita gross domestic product;carbon intensity of the energy system;and solar resource availability.Current PV deployment is predominantly concentrated in economically advanced countries,and does not coincide with regions where the environmental and economic impact of such installations would be most significant.Through a series of thought experiments,it is demonstrated how alternative prioritization strategies could significantly reduce global carbon emissions.Argument is put forward for a globally coordinated approach to PV deployment,particularly targeting high-impact sunbelt regions,to enhance the efficacy of decarbonization efforts and promote equitable energy access.The study underscores the need for international policies that support sustainable energy transitions in economically less developed regions through workforce development and assistance with the activation of capital.
基金supported by the Major Project of the National Social Science Fund of China(Grant No.23VMG006)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in UIBE,China(Grant No.23YB07).-。
文摘China's pursuit of its dual carbon goal has turned the country's energy transition and the role of natural gas into key concerns for policymakers and researchers.This study adopts a macro-level analytical approach when reviewing national energy and climate policies together with recent data to assess energy-transition progress and the role of gas in this transition.The study's main findings are as follows:(1)China's energy transition has made clear progress in terms of targets,institutions,and the energy mix;however,it continues to face major problems,such as coal dependence,a rigid industrial structure,and weak incentives for low-carbon energy.In addition,a basic transition pathway is taking shape marked by five main trends:advancing the dual-carbon goals,building a new energy system,developing a new power system,implementing carbon-emission dual control,and improving the national carbon market;(2)The historical evolution of Chinese natural gas industry shows that gas is now mainly positioned as a clean fuel whose core function is to replace coal and improve environmental quality;(3)In the future energy transition,the role of natural gas can be defined:a buffer for energy security,a flexible resource for balancing the power system,and an important source of low-carbon hydrogen and chemical feedstocks.Overall,the study concludes that policy efforts should focus on strengthening the multiple functions of natural gas under tight carbon emission constraints to better support China's long-term low-carbon development.
基金This manuscript has been authored by an author at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under Contract No.DE-AC02-05CH11231 with the U.S.Department of Energy
文摘Decarbonization in operational residential buildings worldwide has become critical in achieving the carbon neutral target due to the growing household energy demand.To accelerate the pace of global carbon neutrality,this study explores the operational carbon change in global residential buildings through the generalized Divisia index method and decoupling analysis,considering the decarbonization levels of residential buildings at different scales.The results show that(1)most of the samples showed a decrease in the total emissions from 2000 to 2019.Except for China and the United States(US),the carbon emissions in global residential building operations decreased by 7.95 million tons of carbon dioxide(MtCO_(2))per year over the study period.Emissions per gross domestic product(GDP)was the most positive driver causing the decarbonization of residential buildings,while GDP was the most negative driver.(2)Carbon intensity was essential to achieving a strong decoupling of economic development and carbon emissions.The US almost consistently presented strong decoupling,while China showed weak decoupling over the last two decades.(3)The pace of decarbonization in global residential building operations is gradually slowing down.From 2000 to 2019,decarbonization from residential buildings across 30 countries was 2094.3 MtCO_(2),with a decarbonization efficiency of 3.4%.Overall,this study addresses gaps in evaluating global decarbonization from operational residential buildings and provides a reference for evaluating building decarbonization by other emitters.
