[Objectives] To study the effect of PPARγ agonist DA on the cognitive function of AD mice as well as the mechanism.[Methods]50 Kunming male mice were randomly divided into normal control group,model group and decanoi...[Objectives] To study the effect of PPARγ agonist DA on the cognitive function of AD mice as well as the mechanism.[Methods]50 Kunming male mice were randomly divided into normal control group,model group and decanoic acid administration group,the AD mice model was established by subcutaneous injection of D-galactose for 8 weeks,and the treatment group was administered orally with different doses of decanoic acid( low dose of 50 mg/kg,middle dose of 100 mg/kg,high dose of 200 mg/kg). After 8 weeks,the Morris water maze was used to detect the learning and memory capability of mice; HE staining was used to observe the morphological change of hippocampal cells in brain tissue; Western-blot and immunohistochemistry technique were used to detect the expression of PPARγ and Aβ42 protein in brain tissue; the ELISA method was used for the determination of TNF-α and i NOS level in serum. [Results]Morris water maze results showed that DA could significantly improve the learning and memory function in AD mice( P < 0. 05); HE staining showed that DA could significantly reduce degeneration in hippocampal cells; Western-blot and immunohistochemistry results showed that DA could promote the expression of PPARγ and reduce the expression of Aβ42 in brain tissue( P < 0. 05); ELISA results showed that the TNF-α,i NOS levels decreased in AD mice serum after DA treatment( P < 0. 05). [Conclusions] DA could significantly improve the cognitive function of AD mice,improve the degeneration of hippocampal cells in brain tissue,and decrease the expression of Aβ42 in brain tissue. The mechanism might be related to activation of PPARγ protein and down-regulation of expression of relevant inflammatory factors.展开更多
Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) are straight-chain fatty acids with aliphatic tails of 6 - 12 carbons, which can form medium-chain triglycerides. They are found mostly in animal fats and in the tropical vegetable oils...Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) are straight-chain fatty acids with aliphatic tails of 6 - 12 carbons, which can form medium-chain triglycerides. They are found mostly in animal fats and in the tropical vegetable oils. Because of their wide applications in industry, there is a growing demand of esters of medium-chain fatty acids production. The aim of our work was investigations of the kinetics of the synthesis of esters of MCFA in the presence of dowex catalyst in wide range of process parameters. Hexanoic, octanoic and decanoic acids were esterified with n-octyl alcohol in the presence of sulfuric acid and commercial dowex W50X8 as catalysts in an experimental semi-periodic glass tank reactor with instantaneous and complete water removal. Because of complete removal of water from the reacting mixture, thus eliminating the reverse hydrolysis reaction, the esterification can be assumed as irreversible reaction. The temperature range was 393 - 423 K, the range of initial mole ratio of alcohol to acid was 3 - 10. The kinetic parameters are given. The reaction kinetics appeared to be of the first order with respect to the acid. The effect of temperature on the reaction rate follows the Arrhenius equation well.展开更多
Aim： To investigate the reversibility of the effect of nandrolone decanoate （ND） on sperm parameters after discontinuing the drug. Methods： Three groups of rats received peanut oil （control）, low and high doses ...Aim： To investigate the reversibility of the effect of nandrolone decanoate （ND） on sperm parameters after discontinuing the drug. Methods： Three groups of rats received peanut oil （control）, low and high doses of ND for 14 weeks, respectively. Each group was divided into subgroups A and B, in which rats were killed 14 and 28 weeks after initiating the injection, respectively. Results： Sperm count and motile sperm fraction were decreased in the subgroups A and B that received low and high doses of ND in comparison with the controls A and B, respectively. The sperm count and motile sperm fraction increased in the subgroups B that received low and high doses of ND in comparison with their corresponding subgroups A. The number of normal morphology sperm was decreased significantly in subgroups A receiving low and high doses of ND in comparison with the control subgroup A. However, this parameter was not decreased in subgroups B receiving low and high doses in comparison with the control subgroup B. The normal sperm morphology did not show any significant differences in the subgroups B in comparison with their corresponding subgroups A. Conclusion： The 14-week injection of low and high doses of ND decreases sperm quality and quantity in rats. These parameters were improved after discontinuing ND, but not recovered completely even when they are left untreated for 14 weeks.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the potentiality of the marine actinobacteria isolated from marine soil against fish pathogenic bacteria.Methods:east coast region(ECR)of Tamilnadu,South India.Then they were used for the isol...Objective:To investigate the potentiality of the marine actinobacteria isolated from marine soil against fish pathogenic bacteria.Methods:east coast region(ECR)of Tamilnadu,South India.Then they were used for the isolation of actinobacteria by using conventional serial dilution technique on starch casein agar medium.The antibacterial activities of the actinobacteria were screened primarily by using cross streak plate method against fish pathogenic bacteria namely Vibrio alginolyticus,Vibrio parahaemolyticus,Vibrio cholera,Aeromonas sp.and Pseudomonas sp.The antimicrobial efficacy of the selected isolates was carried out with various organic solvents,and finally the active compound was subjected to chromatographic techniques including TLC and GC-MS.Results:In the present study,a total of 33 soil samples were collected from the Bay of Bengal,against fish pathogenic bacteria.Out of 21 antibacterial isolates,the isolate ECR77 was selected for further study based on its potential activity against fish pathogenic bacteria.Of the various solvents tested,the ethyl acetate extract had good antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial pathogens.The isolate ECR77 grew well on oat meal agar medium with 2%salt level at 35°C.GC-MS study found that the presence of bioactive compounds namely tetradecanoic acid,n-hexadecanoic acid and octadecanoic acid.The morphological,physiological,biochemical and cultural characteristics of the potential isolate were supported the identity up to generic level asStreptomyces sp.ECR77.Conclusions:The results obtained from this study concludes that the ECR soils of South India is a hot spot of novel bioactive compound producing marine actinobacteria with great pharmaceutical values.Of the 82 actinobacteria isolated,21(26%)isolates were possessed antibacterial activity.展开更多
Background: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 plays an important role in the remodeling of left ventricles (LVs) and right ventricles (RVs). We investigated the differences of MMP-2 expression between LV and RV in resp...Background: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 plays an important role in the remodeling of left ventricles (LVs) and right ventricles (RVs). We investigated the differences of MMP-2 expression between LV and RV in response to nandrolone dccanoate (ND), swimming training (ST), and combined ND and ST (NS) in mice, based on their structural, functional, and biochemical characteristics. Methods: Totally 28 male C57B1 mice (6 weeks old; 20-23 g) were divided into four groups, including the control (n = 7), ND (n = 6), ST (n = 8), and NS (n = 7) groups. After respective treatments for 8 weeks, echocardiographic examination was used to assess the cardiac structure and function. Van Gieson stain was used to examine the fibrosis of LV and RV in response to different treatments, and Western blotting analysis was performed to explore different MMP-2 expressions between LV and RV in response to ND and/or ST. Analysis of variance was used for comparing the four groups. Results: At 8 weeks, right ventricular dimension/body weight in the ND group was larger than the other three groups (F = 7.12, P 〈 0.05) according to the echocardiographic examination. Fibrosis induced by ND administration was increased more in RV (2.59%) than that in LV (2.21%). MMP-2 expression of the ND group in RV was significantly greater than the control and NS groups in RV and the corresponding ND group in LV. Conclusion: The experimental data support the hypothesis that ND administration induces greater MMP-2 expression increase in RV compared to LV, leading to consequent RV dilation.展开更多
基金Supported by Guangxi Experimental Animal Resource Sharing Platform Construction Project(2060499)
文摘[Objectives] To study the effect of PPARγ agonist DA on the cognitive function of AD mice as well as the mechanism.[Methods]50 Kunming male mice were randomly divided into normal control group,model group and decanoic acid administration group,the AD mice model was established by subcutaneous injection of D-galactose for 8 weeks,and the treatment group was administered orally with different doses of decanoic acid( low dose of 50 mg/kg,middle dose of 100 mg/kg,high dose of 200 mg/kg). After 8 weeks,the Morris water maze was used to detect the learning and memory capability of mice; HE staining was used to observe the morphological change of hippocampal cells in brain tissue; Western-blot and immunohistochemistry technique were used to detect the expression of PPARγ and Aβ42 protein in brain tissue; the ELISA method was used for the determination of TNF-α and i NOS level in serum. [Results]Morris water maze results showed that DA could significantly improve the learning and memory function in AD mice( P < 0. 05); HE staining showed that DA could significantly reduce degeneration in hippocampal cells; Western-blot and immunohistochemistry results showed that DA could promote the expression of PPARγ and reduce the expression of Aβ42 in brain tissue( P < 0. 05); ELISA results showed that the TNF-α,i NOS levels decreased in AD mice serum after DA treatment( P < 0. 05). [Conclusions] DA could significantly improve the cognitive function of AD mice,improve the degeneration of hippocampal cells in brain tissue,and decrease the expression of Aβ42 in brain tissue. The mechanism might be related to activation of PPARγ protein and down-regulation of expression of relevant inflammatory factors.
文摘Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) are straight-chain fatty acids with aliphatic tails of 6 - 12 carbons, which can form medium-chain triglycerides. They are found mostly in animal fats and in the tropical vegetable oils. Because of their wide applications in industry, there is a growing demand of esters of medium-chain fatty acids production. The aim of our work was investigations of the kinetics of the synthesis of esters of MCFA in the presence of dowex catalyst in wide range of process parameters. Hexanoic, octanoic and decanoic acids were esterified with n-octyl alcohol in the presence of sulfuric acid and commercial dowex W50X8 as catalysts in an experimental semi-periodic glass tank reactor with instantaneous and complete water removal. Because of complete removal of water from the reacting mixture, thus eliminating the reverse hydrolysis reaction, the esterification can be assumed as irreversible reaction. The temperature range was 393 - 423 K, the range of initial mole ratio of alcohol to acid was 3 - 10. The kinetic parameters are given. The reaction kinetics appeared to be of the first order with respect to the acid. The effect of temperature on the reaction rate follows the Arrhenius equation well.
文摘Aim： To investigate the reversibility of the effect of nandrolone decanoate （ND） on sperm parameters after discontinuing the drug. Methods： Three groups of rats received peanut oil （control）, low and high doses of ND for 14 weeks, respectively. Each group was divided into subgroups A and B, in which rats were killed 14 and 28 weeks after initiating the injection, respectively. Results： Sperm count and motile sperm fraction were decreased in the subgroups A and B that received low and high doses of ND in comparison with the controls A and B, respectively. The sperm count and motile sperm fraction increased in the subgroups B that received low and high doses of ND in comparison with their corresponding subgroups A. The number of normal morphology sperm was decreased significantly in subgroups A receiving low and high doses of ND in comparison with the control subgroup A. However, this parameter was not decreased in subgroups B receiving low and high doses in comparison with the control subgroup B. The normal sperm morphology did not show any significant differences in the subgroups B in comparison with their corresponding subgroups A. Conclusion： The 14-week injection of low and high doses of ND decreases sperm quality and quantity in rats. These parameters were improved after discontinuing ND, but not recovered completely even when they are left untreated for 14 weeks.
文摘Objective:To investigate the potentiality of the marine actinobacteria isolated from marine soil against fish pathogenic bacteria.Methods:east coast region(ECR)of Tamilnadu,South India.Then they were used for the isolation of actinobacteria by using conventional serial dilution technique on starch casein agar medium.The antibacterial activities of the actinobacteria were screened primarily by using cross streak plate method against fish pathogenic bacteria namely Vibrio alginolyticus,Vibrio parahaemolyticus,Vibrio cholera,Aeromonas sp.and Pseudomonas sp.The antimicrobial efficacy of the selected isolates was carried out with various organic solvents,and finally the active compound was subjected to chromatographic techniques including TLC and GC-MS.Results:In the present study,a total of 33 soil samples were collected from the Bay of Bengal,against fish pathogenic bacteria.Out of 21 antibacterial isolates,the isolate ECR77 was selected for further study based on its potential activity against fish pathogenic bacteria.Of the various solvents tested,the ethyl acetate extract had good antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial pathogens.The isolate ECR77 grew well on oat meal agar medium with 2%salt level at 35°C.GC-MS study found that the presence of bioactive compounds namely tetradecanoic acid,n-hexadecanoic acid and octadecanoic acid.The morphological,physiological,biochemical and cultural characteristics of the potential isolate were supported the identity up to generic level asStreptomyces sp.ECR77.Conclusions:The results obtained from this study concludes that the ECR soils of South India is a hot spot of novel bioactive compound producing marine actinobacteria with great pharmaceutical values.Of the 82 actinobacteria isolated,21(26%)isolates were possessed antibacterial activity.
基金This work was supported by grants from BeijingTongren Hospital, Capital Medical University(No. 2016-YJJ-BJRC-010) National Natural ScienceFoundation of China (No. 81501486).
文摘Background: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 plays an important role in the remodeling of left ventricles (LVs) and right ventricles (RVs). We investigated the differences of MMP-2 expression between LV and RV in response to nandrolone dccanoate (ND), swimming training (ST), and combined ND and ST (NS) in mice, based on their structural, functional, and biochemical characteristics. Methods: Totally 28 male C57B1 mice (6 weeks old; 20-23 g) were divided into four groups, including the control (n = 7), ND (n = 6), ST (n = 8), and NS (n = 7) groups. After respective treatments for 8 weeks, echocardiographic examination was used to assess the cardiac structure and function. Van Gieson stain was used to examine the fibrosis of LV and RV in response to different treatments, and Western blotting analysis was performed to explore different MMP-2 expressions between LV and RV in response to ND and/or ST. Analysis of variance was used for comparing the four groups. Results: At 8 weeks, right ventricular dimension/body weight in the ND group was larger than the other three groups (F = 7.12, P 〈 0.05) according to the echocardiographic examination. Fibrosis induced by ND administration was increased more in RV (2.59%) than that in LV (2.21%). MMP-2 expression of the ND group in RV was significantly greater than the control and NS groups in RV and the corresponding ND group in LV. Conclusion: The experimental data support the hypothesis that ND administration induces greater MMP-2 expression increase in RV compared to LV, leading to consequent RV dilation.
