Urban green spaces have positive effects on both physical and mental wellbeing.However,few studies have focused on the trends and thresholds of the effects of different influences on restorative benefits when viewing ...Urban green spaces have positive effects on both physical and mental wellbeing.However,few studies have focused on the trends and thresholds of the effects of different influences on restorative benefits when viewing scenes differfeaturing plant communities.We measured subjective evaluations and objective physiological data from 44 participants who viewed images of plant communities in the yellow to green hue range to compare differences in restorative benefits among plant communities at different visual distances,as well as quantifying the influencing factors involved.The following results were found:(1)Coniferous and multi-layered plant communities were found to provide greater restorative benefits,and the restorative benefits grew with increasing visual distance.(2)Shape and color characteristics were significantly correlated with restorative benefits,but the relationship is not simply linear.(3)The restorative benefits were found to be greatest when crown proportion was 61.23%,trunk proportion ranged from 4.11%to 13.70%,and the value of color index value ranged from 25.44%to 35.56%;the restorative benefits gradually increased when sky proportion exceeded 12.95%-13.19%,the fractal dimension exceeded 1.62-1.67,and hue index exceeded 91.64°-95.67°;additionally,the restorative benefits decreased when the saturation index increased.This study provides a scientific basis for the construction and improvement of plant landscapes in urban green spaces.展开更多
On the occasion of the 65th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Laos,I wish to express,on behalf of the Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the Lao People's Demo...On the occasion of the 65th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Laos,I wish to express,on behalf of the Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the Lao People's Democratic Republic,our sincere gratitude and highest respect to all friends and personages from various sectors in both countries who have long cared about and supported the development of our bilateral relations.展开更多
With the accelerating aging process of China’s population,the demand for community elderly care services has shown diversified and personalized characteristics.However,problems such as insufficient total care service...With the accelerating aging process of China’s population,the demand for community elderly care services has shown diversified and personalized characteristics.However,problems such as insufficient total care service resources,uneven distribution,and prominent supply-demand contradictions have seriously affected service quality.Big data technology,with core advantages including data collection,analysis and mining,and accurate prediction,provides a new solution for the allocation of community elderly care service resources.This paper systematically studies the application value of big data technology in the allocation of community elderly care service resources from three aspects:resource allocation efficiency,service accuracy,and management intelligence.Combined with practical needs,it proposes optimal allocation strategies such as building a big data analysis platform and accurately grasping the elderly’s care needs,striving to provide operable path references for the construction of community elderly care service systems,promoting the early realization of the elderly care service goal of“adequate support and proper care for the elderly”,and boosting the high-quality development of China’s elderly care service industry.展开更多
Community detection is a fundamental problem in network analysis for identifying densely connected node clusters,with successful applications in diverse fields like social networks,recommendation systems,biology,and c...Community detection is a fundamental problem in network analysis for identifying densely connected node clusters,with successful applications in diverse fields like social networks,recommendation systems,biology,and cyberattack detection.Overlapping community detection refers to the case of a node belonging to multiple communities simultaneously,which is a much more meaningful and challenging task.Graph representation learning with Evolutionary Computation has been studied well in overlapping community detection to deal with complex network structures and characteristics.However,most of them focus on searching the entire solution space,which can be inefficient and lead to inadequate results.To overcome the problem,a structural feature node extraction method is first proposed that can effectively map a network into a structural embedding space.Thus,nodes within the network are classified into hierarchical levels based on their structural feature strength,and only nodes with relatively high strength are considered in subsequent search steps to reduce the search space.Then,a maximal-clique representation method is employed on the given vertex set to identify overlapping nodes.A hybrid clique-based multi-objective evolutionary algorithmwith decomposition method is designed to address cliques and the remaining unexplored nodes separately.The number of communities generated with this allocation method is closer to the actual partition count with high division quality.Experimental results on nine usually used real-world networks,five synthetic networks,and two large-scale networks demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology in terms of community quality and algorithmic efficiency,compared to traditional,MOEA-based,and graph embedding-based community detection algorithms.展开更多
Mycorrhizal symbioses are prevalent in terrestrial ecosystems and play essential roles in plant nutrition and health.However,the relative importance of plant evolutionary history,physiology,and eco-geographical factor...Mycorrhizal symbioses are prevalent in terrestrial ecosystems and play essential roles in plant nutrition and health.However,the relative importance of plant evolutionary history,physiology,and eco-geographical factors in shaping mycorrhizal fungal community assembly remains poorly understood.Here,we investigate how plant phylogeny,trophic mode,biogeographic distribution and environmental niche collectively influence the diversity and composition of mycorrhizal fungal communities across the Orchidaceae,spanning broad phylogenetic and ecological scales.By using family-wide orchid-fungal associations and global occurrence data,our analyses showed that the variation in fungal diversity and community structure can be partially explained by orchids’trophic mode,biogeographic distribution and environmental niche,but not by their overall phylogenetic relatedness.Among trophic modes,partially mycoheterotrophic orchids exhibited the highest level of fungal diversity(the lowest level of fungal specificity)in association with a broad range of phylogenetically dispersed fungal partners.Between biogeographical regions,a significantly higher level of fungal specificity was found for orchid species distributed in Australia than those in Eurasia and Africa.Furthermore,multivariate analyses showed that a small portion of the variation in fungal community structure was significantly related to broad climate,soil and vegetation variables,indicating the existence of large-scale habitat filtering on orchid mycorrhizal communities.Altogether,our findings indicate that mycorrhizal communities in the orchid family are likely shaped by multiple,intertwined factors related to orchid ecophysiology and biogeography on a global scale.展开更多
Habitat loss driven by land-use change is a major factor shaping the dynamics of urban bird community structures.However,the potential mechanisms by which the spatial configuration and composition of blue-green infras...Habitat loss driven by land-use change is a major factor shaping the dynamics of urban bird community structures.However,the potential mechanisms by which the spatial configuration and composition of blue-green infrastructure,recognized as biodiversity hotspots in urban landscapes,influence urban bird beta diversity remain insufficiently understood.This study was conducted in the built-up area of Yinchuan,an internationally recognized wetland city in Northwest China.From December 2023 to June 2024,we systematically surveyed bird communities during both the breeding and wintering periods across 29 blue-green space mosaics.We quantified taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic beta diversity,along with their turnover component and nestedness-resultant component,based on both pairwise beta diversity and multiple-site beta diversity.We further assessed the relative importance of landscape variables and spatial geographic distance in shaping beta diversity patterns and used hierarchical modeling of species communities(HMSC)to explore the responses of bird occurrence and functional traits to landscape variables.Our results revealed that species turnover was the dominant driver of taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic beta diversity.Seasonal differences were observed in the effects of spatial geographic distance and landscape structure on beta diversity and its components,with landscape variables showing higher explanatory power than geographic isolation.In the breeding period,landscape diversity and waterbody area had positive effects on bird occurrence,whereas in the wintering period,most landscape features—except for landscape diversity—exerted neutral or negative influences.Regarding functional traits,we found that reproductive traits,flight ability,and foraging characteristics responded significantly to landscape structure,and that some small-bodied species active in aerial and canopy layers were more adaptable to habitat fragmentation.This study provides novel insights into the assembly processes and driving mechanisms of urban bird communities and offers scientific support for the notion that designing and maintaining blue-green infrastructure can contribute to urban biodiversity conservation.展开更多
Identifying the community structure of complex networks is crucial to extracting insights and understanding network properties.Although several community detection methods have been proposed,many are unsuitable for so...Identifying the community structure of complex networks is crucial to extracting insights and understanding network properties.Although several community detection methods have been proposed,many are unsuitable for social networks due to significant limitations.Specifically,most approaches depend mainly on user-user structural links while overlooking service-centric,semantic,and multi-attribute drivers of community formation,and they also lack flexible filtering mechanisms for large-scale,service-oriented settings.Our proposed approach,called community discovery-based service(CDBS),leverages user profiles and their interactions with consulted web services.The method introduces a novel similarity measure,global similarity interaction profile(GSIP),which goes beyond typical similarity measures by unifying user and service profiles for all attributes types into a coherent representation,thereby clarifying its novelty and contribution.It applies multiple filtering criteria related to user attributes,accessed services,and interaction patterns.Experimental comparisons against Louvain,Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering,Label Propagation and Infomap show that CDBS reveals the higher performance as it achieves 0.74 modularity,0.13 conductance,0.77 coverage,and significantly fast response time of 9.8 s,even with 10,000 users and 400 services.Moreover,community discoverybased service consistently detects a larger number of communities with distinct topics of interest,underscoring its capacity to generate detailed and efficient structures in complex networks.These results confirm both the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method.Beyond controlled evaluation,communities discovery based service is applicable to targeted recommendations,group-oriented marketing,access control,and service personalization,where communities are shaped not only by user links but also by service engagement.展开更多
Urbanization has profoundly reshaped biodiversity,yet its impacts on community seasonal changes remain poorly understood.Here,we used citizen science data from 839 bird species in 37 cities and their corresponding rur...Urbanization has profoundly reshaped biodiversity,yet its impacts on community seasonal changes remain poorly understood.Here,we used citizen science data from 839 bird species in 37 cities and their corresponding rural areas in China to assess how urbanization alters seasonal changes in bird communities.We calculated S??rensen beta dissimilarity indices(β_(sor))between seasons to compare the seasonality of communities in urban and rural areas and decomposed these indices into turnover(β_(sim))and nestedness(β_(nes))components.We evaluated whether there are differences in the latitudinal clines in community seasonality between urban and rural areas,and explored whether environmental and socio-economic factors affect the urbanization-driven changes in community seasonality.Our results show that the overall seasonalβ_(sor)in urban communities was 16.2%higher than in rural areas,due to a 49.5%increase inβ_(nes)(urban:0.22±0.12 vs.rural:0.15±0.08),but there was no significant difference inβ_(sim).In rural areas,β_(sor)increased with latitude,butβ_(sor)showed no latitudinal trend in urban communities.Human population emerges as a key predictor of urbanization-driven changes in the species turnover and nestedness components,with larger cities showing lower species turnover but higher nestedness components.We conclude that urbanization alters the seasonality of bird communities through nestedness components,decouples the relationship between community seasonality and latitude,and concentrates its impacts in densely populated cities.Future research must employ long-term monitoring to track how urbanization changes bird communities in space and time.展开更多
Community detection is one of the most fundamental applications in understanding the structure of complicated networks.Furthermore,it is an important approach to identifying closely linked clusters of nodes that may r...Community detection is one of the most fundamental applications in understanding the structure of complicated networks.Furthermore,it is an important approach to identifying closely linked clusters of nodes that may represent underlying patterns and relationships.Networking structures are highly sensitive in social networks,requiring advanced techniques to accurately identify the structure of these communities.Most conventional algorithms for detecting communities perform inadequately with complicated networks.In addition,they miss out on accurately identifying clusters.Since single-objective optimization cannot always generate accurate and comprehensive results,as multi-objective optimization can.Therefore,we utilized two objective functions that enable strong connections between communities and weak connections between them.In this study,we utilized the intra function,which has proven effective in state-of-the-art research studies.We proposed a new inter-function that has demonstrated its effectiveness by making the objective of detecting external connections between communities is to make them more distinct and sparse.Furthermore,we proposed a Multi-Objective community strength enhancement algorithm(MOCSE).The proposed algorithm is based on the framework of the Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm with Decomposition(MOEA/D),integrated with a new heuristic mutation strategy,community strength enhancement(CSE).The results demonstrate that the model is effective in accurately identifying community structures while also being computationally efficient.The performance measures used to evaluate the MOEA/D algorithm in our work are normalized mutual information(NMI)and modularity(Q).It was tested using five state-of-the-art algorithms on social networks,comprising real datasets(Zachary,Dolphin,Football,Krebs,SFI,Jazz,and Netscience),as well as twenty synthetic datasets.These results provide the robustness and practical value of the proposed algorithm in multi-objective community identification.展开更多
Fungi play crucial roles in nutrient acquisition,plant growth promotion,and the enhancement of resistance to both abiotic and biotic stresses.However,studies on the fungal communities associated with peas (Pisum sativ...Fungi play crucial roles in nutrient acquisition,plant growth promotion,and the enhancement of resistance to both abiotic and biotic stresses.However,studies on the fungal communities associated with peas (Pisum sativum L.) remain limited.In this study,we systematically investigated the ecological effects of host niches (soil,root,stem,leaf,and pod) and genotypes on the diversity and composition of fungal communities in peas using a multi-level approach that encompassed pattern recognition (β-diversity decomposition),mechanism validation (neutral community model testing),and dynamic tracking methods (migration pathway source-tracking).The results revealed that the dominant fungal phyla across niches and genotypes were Ascomycota,Basidiomycota,and Mortierellomycota,and the community structures of the soil–plant continuum were primarily determined by the pea niches rather than genotypes.β-diversity decomposition was largely attributed to species replacement rather than richness differences,indicating strong niche specificity and microbial replacement across microhabitats.Neutral model analysis revealed that stochastic processes influenced genotypeassociated communities,while deterministic processes played a dominant role in niche-based community assembly.Source-tracking analysis identified niche-to-niche fungal migration,with Erysiphe,Fusarium,Cephaliophora,Ascobolus,Alternaria,and Aspergillus as the key genera.Migration rates from exogenous to endogenous niches were low (1.3–61.5%),whereas those within exogenous (64.4–83.7%) or endogenous (73.9–96.4%) compartments were much higher,suggesting that the pea epidermis acts as a selective barrier that filters and enriches microbial communities prior to internal colonization.This study provides comprehensive insights into the mechanisms of host filtering,enrichment and microbial sourcing,which increases our understanding of the assembly rules of the pea-associated fungal microbiome.展开更多
Professional learning communities(PLCs)offer essential contextual support for the development of foreign language teachers in higher education.The book Building Professional Learning Communities of Foreign Language Te...Professional learning communities(PLCs)offer essential contextual support for the development of foreign language teachers in higher education.The book Building Professional Learning Communities of Foreign Language Teachers in Higher Education,co-authored by Wen et al.(2021)systematically examines the necessity,practical measures,theoretical construction,and outcomes associated with building PLCs for university foreign language teachers.Notably,it introduces a research methodology rooted in local teacher education practices with Chinese characteristics—the dialectical research paradigm(DRP).This review introduces the content of the book,evaluates its contributions to teacher development,and explores its implications for future practice and research.展开更多
Microorganisms can colonize the surface of microplastics(MPs)to form a distinctive microbiome,known as a“plastisphere”which is regarded as an anthropogenic niche for microbial growth.However,bacterial community asse...Microorganisms can colonize the surface of microplastics(MPs)to form a distinctive microbiome,known as a“plastisphere”which is regarded as an anthropogenic niche for microbial growth.However,bacterial community assembly in virgin and aging MP plastispheres across different habitats is poorly understood.This study aims to assess the variations in bacterial community assembly across different niches and habitats with an in situ ex-periment,in which constructed forest wetland(FW),natural lake wetland(LW),and lotus pond wetland(LP)were habitats,and plastispheres of virgin and aging low-density polyethylene(LDPE)MPs,as well as surround-ing wetland soils were niches.Significant niche-related differences in bacterial communities were observed,with lower diversity and enrichment of potential plastic-degrading bacteria in the plastisphere than in the soil bacterial communities.Furthermore,habitat-related differences exerted a more pronounced influence on the beta-diversity patterns of the bacterial communities.The linear regression analyses indicated that the local species pool con-tributed more to bacterial community assembly in the LW wetland,whereas the relative abundance of species was the primary factor in the LP wetland.The null model analysis indicated that plastisphere bacterial communi-ties were predominantly driven by the stochastic process,with a more deterministic assembly observed in the LP wetland and soil bacterial communities.Additionally,the primary ecological process shaping plastisphere com-munities shifted from drift in the virgin LDPE to homogenising dispersal in the aging LDPE.This study provides new insights into the fate and ecological impacts of MPs in wetlands,thereby facilitating the effective regulations of plastic pollution.展开更多
The root-to-shoot(R/S)ratio is a critical indicator of the balance between root biomass and shoot biomass,representing the ecological strategies and adaptive responses of plants to environmental conditions.However,the...The root-to-shoot(R/S)ratio is a critical indicator of the balance between root biomass and shoot biomass,representing the ecological strategies and adaptive responses of plants to environmental conditions.However,the patterns of change in community R/S ratios during forest succession and their response to moisture levels across broad geographic gradients remains unclear.Based on forest biomass data from a national field inventory of 5,825 plots conducted across China between 2011 and 2015,this study looked into allocating biomass shoots and roots at the early,middle,and late stages of growth in plantations and succession in natural forests,and evaluated how moisture availability influences this allocation.The results revealed a significant decline in R/S ratios from early to late stages for both plantations and natural forests.Shoot and root biomass in plantations grew isometrically during the early and middle succession stages but shifted to allometric growth in the late stage,with the slope of the log-transformed shoot-root biomass relationship differing significantly across growth stages.Natural forests,in contrast,maintained isometric growth across successional stages,showing no significant variation in the slope of the log-transformed shoot-root biomass relationship.Environmental factors,particularly moisture levels,strongly influenced R/S ratios.Moisture levels significantly affected size-corrected R/S ratios,particularly in the middle stage of plantations and the early and middle stages of natural forests,supporting the hypothesis of optimal allocation.These findings suggest that in water-limited regions,forest management should prioritize drought-tolerant,deep-rooted native species,encourage mixed-species planting in the early stage,and reduce logging intensity in mature plantations.Conserving natural forests to maintain successional dynamics is essential for long-term ecological resilience.These findings emphasize the importance of balancing productivity with ecological sustainability by adapting practices to specific environments and forest types under climate change.展开更多
The Electrical Power System(EPS)is one of the spacecraft’s key subsystems,and its operational status directly affects the lifespan and performance of the entire spacecraft.The corresponding fault diagnosis has always...The Electrical Power System(EPS)is one of the spacecraft’s key subsystems,and its operational status directly affects the lifespan and performance of the entire spacecraft.The corresponding fault diagnosis has always been the discussion focus to ensure spacecraft reliability.In this paper,a few-shot unsupervised fault diagnosis method based on the improved Newman community division algorithm is proposed,to approach the scarcity of fault data samples and the inconspicuous characteristics of abnormal data.Firstly,aiming to capture the overall relevance of the fault dataset,a complex network model is built by adopting the K-Dynamic time warping distance Adjacent Nodes(KDAN)method.Based on the complex network model,the Newman community divisions algorithm is improved by using the Quantum-behaved Particle Swarm Optimization(QPSO).Subsequently,in order to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed method,experimental validation was conducted using an open-source dataset.The results indicate that the average accuracy can reach 96.43% for fault data diagnosis,and an F1_score of 97.76%with only 17.65%of the dataset used for training.The proposed method can accurately classify abnormal data by identifying the community structure in the data network,significantly improve the efficiency of the community divisions algorithm and reduce its complexity,and provide a new solution for fault diagnosis in large-scale complex systems.展开更多
Open earthen pond-based larviculture is the main method for rearing Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)larvae in China.Bacterioplankton play a vital role in aquaculture ecosystems,but their community succession th...Open earthen pond-based larviculture is the main method for rearing Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)larvae in China.Bacterioplankton play a vital role in aquaculture ecosystems,but their community succession throughout the larval nursery stages of E.sinensis in such systems is still poorly understood.Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing,this study characterized the dynamics of bacterioplankton communities during a complete E.sinensis larval rearing cycle in open earthen ponds.Results presented a distinct,unidirectional succession in bacterioplankton composition,characterized by a decrease in Alphaproteobacteria and an increase in Actinobacteria.Live feeds(Brachionus plicatilis and Artemia salina)significantly affected bacterioplankton communities directly through their biological activities and indirectly by modifying the structure of phytoplankton composition.In addition to live feeds,water temperature and dissolved oxygen were key environmental factors affecting the structure of bacterioplankton communities.Biotic interactions,specifically with phytoplankton and copepods,were key drivers of bacterioplankton succession.Routine feeding practices during larval cultivation decreased bacterioplankton network complexity and strengthened community stability.Keystone taxa,specifically OTU783(Rhodobacteraceae)and OTU1235(Microbacteriaceae),played an essential role in maintaining the community stability through recruiting more rare species during the later stages despite their low abundances.These outcomes advance our understanding of the mechanisms central to bacterioplankton community succession and stability in E.sinensis larviculture systems,offering critical insights for developing sustainable aquaculture management strategies.展开更多
Prolonged droughts have emerged as a major impediment to the revitalization of pastoral regions worldwide because they significantly augment their susceptibility to the deleterious effects of global climate change,ove...Prolonged droughts have emerged as a major impediment to the revitalization of pastoral regions worldwide because they significantly augment their susceptibility to the deleterious effects of global climate change,overgrazing,and land degradation.This study,conducted in 106 pastoral villages across 33 pastoral banners of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China between August 2021 and October 2022,used a community resilience evaluation indicator system to assess drought resistance.By calculating a community resilience index,the research explored influencing factors and proposed countermeasures,aiming to enhance resilience to prolonged drought.The results revealed three key findings.1)Pastoral areas exhibited a limited degree of community resilience to drought disasters(overall score=0.28),with resilience levels forming a pyramid-shaped hierarchy.2)Dimensional analysis showed that resilience scores decreased sequentially across five domains:social(0.53)>cultural(0.44)>environmental(0.38)>economic(0.32)>management(0.27).These results highlight the crucial role of economic and management resilience in enhancing community resilience,particularly when accompanied by pre-and post-disaster government support and social security,both of which must be improved.3)Key factors influencing community resilience included geographical location,traffic accessibility,and frequency and severity of droughts.From a drought resilience perspective,targeted strategies and recommendations are proposed to provide novel and practical approaches for achieving sustainable development in pastoral areas and rural regions as a whole.展开更多
Microorganisms are crucial for the breakdown of proteins and lipids in dry-fermented sausages and are intimately associated with the flavor profile of sausages.In this study,we used a mixed starter culture to ferment ...Microorganisms are crucial for the breakdown of proteins and lipids in dry-fermented sausages and are intimately associated with the flavor profile of sausages.In this study,we used a mixed starter culture to ferment sausages and investigated the flavor turnover.During the fermentation of salami,the data from free amino acids(FAAs),free fatty acids(FFAs)and volatile flavor substances were used to assess the quality of salami.At the end of fermentation,the total FAAs increased from 1171.32 to 4582.48 mg/kg in the control group and 5053.25 mg/kg in the experimental group.Additionally,following inoculation with the mixed starter culture,the levels of glutamic acid,lysine,methionine,valine and leucine were significantly higher(P<0.05)than those in the control group.Oleic acid(C_(18:1))and chondritic acid(C_(16:0))were the two most abundant FFAs in both salami samples with 45.86%and 26.07%on the 23^(th)day in mixed culture inoculated salami.The mixed starter inoculated group had significantly lower saturated fatty acids and higher percentage levels of monounsaturated fatty acids than the control group(P<0.05).In the volatile flavor substance analysis,a total of 61 volatile compounds were found.Ester compounds were progressively enriched with drying time,significantly increasing the flavor substances,like ethyl diphosgene,1-octen-3-ol,and 2,3-butanediol at P<0.05.The correlation analysis between the core flora and volatile flavor compounds during fermentation and maturation of salami indicates Lactobacillus sakei and Lactobacillus rhamnosus were significantly higher and positively correlated with the major volatile organic compounds,which are the key core microorganisms affecting the flavor quality of fermented sausages.展开更多
On February 5, the Dialogue on Building a China-Laos Community with a Shared Future, themed “Focusing on the ‘Action Plan,’ Creating a Better Future Together,” took place in Vientiane, Laos.The opening ceremony fe...On February 5, the Dialogue on Building a China-Laos Community with a Shared Future, themed “Focusing on the ‘Action Plan,’ Creating a Better Future Together,” took place in Vientiane, Laos.The opening ceremony featured speeches by several distinguished vips including Fang Hong, Chinese ambassador to Laos, Daosavanh Kheugmixai, vice president of the Lao National Academy of Politics and Public Administration, Yu Yunquan, vice president of the China International Communications Group (CICG),Sakhon Phommalat, deputy head of the Propaganda and Training Board of the Lao People’s Revolutionary Party (LPRP) Central Committee, Sun Jisheng, vice president of China Foreign Affairs University (CFAU),and Vadthuninyom Duangmala,president of the Diplomatic Academy of Laos.展开更多
In this work,ofloxacin(OFL),a kind of frequently detected antibiotic in groundwater,was selected to explore its impact(at ng/L-μg/L-level)on denitrification performance in an autotrophic denitrification system driven...In this work,ofloxacin(OFL),a kind of frequently detected antibiotic in groundwater,was selected to explore its impact(at ng/L-μg/L-level)on denitrification performance in an autotrophic denitrification system driven by pyrite/sulfur(FeS2/S0).Results showed that OFL restrained nitrate removal efficiency,and the inhibition degree was positively related to the concentration of OFL.After being exposed to increased OFL(200 ng/L-100μg/L)for 69 days,higher inhibition of electron transport activity(ETSA),enzyme activities of nitrate reductase(NAR),and nitrite reductase(NIR)were acquired.Meanwhile,the extracellular protein(PN)content of sludge samples was remarkably stimulated by OFL to resist the augmented toxicity.OFL contributed to increased microbial diversity and sulfur/sulfide oxidation functional genes in ng/L-level bioreactors,whereas led to a decline inμg/L level experiments.With OFL at concentrations of 200 ng/L and 100μg/L,the whole expression of 10 key denitrification functional genes was depressed,and the higher the OFL concentration,the lower the expression level.However,no significant proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)either in 200 ng/L-OFL or 100μg/L-OFL groups was observed.Two-factor correlation analysis results indicated that Thiobacillus,Anaerolineae,Anaerolineales,and Nitrospirae might be the main hosts of existing ARGs in this system.展开更多
As a Burundian doctoral student at Nanjing University,my personal journey is closely intertwined with China’s development in the new era and the deepening China-Africa partnership.Recently,my experiences have given m...As a Burundian doctoral student at Nanjing University,my personal journey is closely intertwined with China’s development in the new era and the deepening China-Africa partnership.Recently,my experiences have given me a deeper appreciation of the importance of people-to-people exchanges between China and Africa.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32471953)the Educational Department of Liaoning Province Key Research Project(LJ212410153073).
文摘Urban green spaces have positive effects on both physical and mental wellbeing.However,few studies have focused on the trends and thresholds of the effects of different influences on restorative benefits when viewing scenes differfeaturing plant communities.We measured subjective evaluations and objective physiological data from 44 participants who viewed images of plant communities in the yellow to green hue range to compare differences in restorative benefits among plant communities at different visual distances,as well as quantifying the influencing factors involved.The following results were found:(1)Coniferous and multi-layered plant communities were found to provide greater restorative benefits,and the restorative benefits grew with increasing visual distance.(2)Shape and color characteristics were significantly correlated with restorative benefits,but the relationship is not simply linear.(3)The restorative benefits were found to be greatest when crown proportion was 61.23%,trunk proportion ranged from 4.11%to 13.70%,and the value of color index value ranged from 25.44%to 35.56%;the restorative benefits gradually increased when sky proportion exceeded 12.95%-13.19%,the fractal dimension exceeded 1.62-1.67,and hue index exceeded 91.64°-95.67°;additionally,the restorative benefits decreased when the saturation index increased.This study provides a scientific basis for the construction and improvement of plant landscapes in urban green spaces.
文摘On the occasion of the 65th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Laos,I wish to express,on behalf of the Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the Lao People's Democratic Republic,our sincere gratitude and highest respect to all friends and personages from various sectors in both countries who have long cared about and supported the development of our bilateral relations.
文摘With the accelerating aging process of China’s population,the demand for community elderly care services has shown diversified and personalized characteristics.However,problems such as insufficient total care service resources,uneven distribution,and prominent supply-demand contradictions have seriously affected service quality.Big data technology,with core advantages including data collection,analysis and mining,and accurate prediction,provides a new solution for the allocation of community elderly care service resources.This paper systematically studies the application value of big data technology in the allocation of community elderly care service resources from three aspects:resource allocation efficiency,service accuracy,and management intelligence.Combined with practical needs,it proposes optimal allocation strategies such as building a big data analysis platform and accurately grasping the elderly’s care needs,striving to provide operable path references for the construction of community elderly care service systems,promoting the early realization of the elderly care service goal of“adequate support and proper care for the elderly”,and boosting the high-quality development of China’s elderly care service industry.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 62473176,62073155,62002137,62106088,and 62206113National Key Laboratory of Ship Structural Safety underGrant 450324300the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Programof Jiangsu Province under Grant KYCX24_2642.
文摘Community detection is a fundamental problem in network analysis for identifying densely connected node clusters,with successful applications in diverse fields like social networks,recommendation systems,biology,and cyberattack detection.Overlapping community detection refers to the case of a node belonging to multiple communities simultaneously,which is a much more meaningful and challenging task.Graph representation learning with Evolutionary Computation has been studied well in overlapping community detection to deal with complex network structures and characteristics.However,most of them focus on searching the entire solution space,which can be inefficient and lead to inadequate results.To overcome the problem,a structural feature node extraction method is first proposed that can effectively map a network into a structural embedding space.Thus,nodes within the network are classified into hierarchical levels based on their structural feature strength,and only nodes with relatively high strength are considered in subsequent search steps to reduce the search space.Then,a maximal-clique representation method is employed on the given vertex set to identify overlapping nodes.A hybrid clique-based multi-objective evolutionary algorithmwith decomposition method is designed to address cliques and the remaining unexplored nodes separately.The number of communities generated with this allocation method is closer to the actual partition count with high division quality.Experimental results on nine usually used real-world networks,five synthetic networks,and two large-scale networks demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology in terms of community quality and algorithmic efficiency,compared to traditional,MOEA-based,and graph embedding-based community detection algorithms.
基金the funding provided by the China Scholarship Council(Grant No.201804910634)the Ecology Fund of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences(KNAWWF/807/19039)to Deyi Wang.
文摘Mycorrhizal symbioses are prevalent in terrestrial ecosystems and play essential roles in plant nutrition and health.However,the relative importance of plant evolutionary history,physiology,and eco-geographical factors in shaping mycorrhizal fungal community assembly remains poorly understood.Here,we investigate how plant phylogeny,trophic mode,biogeographic distribution and environmental niche collectively influence the diversity and composition of mycorrhizal fungal communities across the Orchidaceae,spanning broad phylogenetic and ecological scales.By using family-wide orchid-fungal associations and global occurrence data,our analyses showed that the variation in fungal diversity and community structure can be partially explained by orchids’trophic mode,biogeographic distribution and environmental niche,but not by their overall phylogenetic relatedness.Among trophic modes,partially mycoheterotrophic orchids exhibited the highest level of fungal diversity(the lowest level of fungal specificity)in association with a broad range of phylogenetically dispersed fungal partners.Between biogeographical regions,a significantly higher level of fungal specificity was found for orchid species distributed in Australia than those in Eurasia and Africa.Furthermore,multivariate analyses showed that a small portion of the variation in fungal community structure was significantly related to broad climate,soil and vegetation variables,indicating the existence of large-scale habitat filtering on orchid mycorrhizal communities.Altogether,our findings indicate that mycorrhizal communities in the orchid family are likely shaped by multiple,intertwined factors related to orchid ecophysiology and biogeography on a global scale.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32401409)the Central Government’s Special Fund for National Key Protected Wildlife Conservation Projects in Yinchuan City(HXCG-ZC2023148,XZ-2024-16)。
文摘Habitat loss driven by land-use change is a major factor shaping the dynamics of urban bird community structures.However,the potential mechanisms by which the spatial configuration and composition of blue-green infrastructure,recognized as biodiversity hotspots in urban landscapes,influence urban bird beta diversity remain insufficiently understood.This study was conducted in the built-up area of Yinchuan,an internationally recognized wetland city in Northwest China.From December 2023 to June 2024,we systematically surveyed bird communities during both the breeding and wintering periods across 29 blue-green space mosaics.We quantified taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic beta diversity,along with their turnover component and nestedness-resultant component,based on both pairwise beta diversity and multiple-site beta diversity.We further assessed the relative importance of landscape variables and spatial geographic distance in shaping beta diversity patterns and used hierarchical modeling of species communities(HMSC)to explore the responses of bird occurrence and functional traits to landscape variables.Our results revealed that species turnover was the dominant driver of taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic beta diversity.Seasonal differences were observed in the effects of spatial geographic distance and landscape structure on beta diversity and its components,with landscape variables showing higher explanatory power than geographic isolation.In the breeding period,landscape diversity and waterbody area had positive effects on bird occurrence,whereas in the wintering period,most landscape features—except for landscape diversity—exerted neutral or negative influences.Regarding functional traits,we found that reproductive traits,flight ability,and foraging characteristics responded significantly to landscape structure,and that some small-bodied species active in aerial and canopy layers were more adaptable to habitat fragmentation.This study provides novel insights into the assembly processes and driving mechanisms of urban bird communities and offers scientific support for the notion that designing and maintaining blue-green infrastructure can contribute to urban biodiversity conservation.
文摘Identifying the community structure of complex networks is crucial to extracting insights and understanding network properties.Although several community detection methods have been proposed,many are unsuitable for social networks due to significant limitations.Specifically,most approaches depend mainly on user-user structural links while overlooking service-centric,semantic,and multi-attribute drivers of community formation,and they also lack flexible filtering mechanisms for large-scale,service-oriented settings.Our proposed approach,called community discovery-based service(CDBS),leverages user profiles and their interactions with consulted web services.The method introduces a novel similarity measure,global similarity interaction profile(GSIP),which goes beyond typical similarity measures by unifying user and service profiles for all attributes types into a coherent representation,thereby clarifying its novelty and contribution.It applies multiple filtering criteria related to user attributes,accessed services,and interaction patterns.Experimental comparisons against Louvain,Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering,Label Propagation and Infomap show that CDBS reveals the higher performance as it achieves 0.74 modularity,0.13 conductance,0.77 coverage,and significantly fast response time of 9.8 s,even with 10,000 users and 400 services.Moreover,community discoverybased service consistently detects a larger number of communities with distinct topics of interest,underscoring its capacity to generate detailed and efficient structures in complex networks.These results confirm both the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method.Beyond controlled evaluation,communities discovery based service is applicable to targeted recommendations,group-oriented marketing,access control,and service personalization,where communities are shaped not only by user links but also by service engagement.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32271733)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2023A1515011045)。
文摘Urbanization has profoundly reshaped biodiversity,yet its impacts on community seasonal changes remain poorly understood.Here,we used citizen science data from 839 bird species in 37 cities and their corresponding rural areas in China to assess how urbanization alters seasonal changes in bird communities.We calculated S??rensen beta dissimilarity indices(β_(sor))between seasons to compare the seasonality of communities in urban and rural areas and decomposed these indices into turnover(β_(sim))and nestedness(β_(nes))components.We evaluated whether there are differences in the latitudinal clines in community seasonality between urban and rural areas,and explored whether environmental and socio-economic factors affect the urbanization-driven changes in community seasonality.Our results show that the overall seasonalβ_(sor)in urban communities was 16.2%higher than in rural areas,due to a 49.5%increase inβ_(nes)(urban:0.22±0.12 vs.rural:0.15±0.08),but there was no significant difference inβ_(sim).In rural areas,β_(sor)increased with latitude,butβ_(sor)showed no latitudinal trend in urban communities.Human population emerges as a key predictor of urbanization-driven changes in the species turnover and nestedness components,with larger cities showing lower species turnover but higher nestedness components.We conclude that urbanization alters the seasonality of bird communities through nestedness components,decouples the relationship between community seasonality and latitude,and concentrates its impacts in densely populated cities.Future research must employ long-term monitoring to track how urbanization changes bird communities in space and time.
文摘Community detection is one of the most fundamental applications in understanding the structure of complicated networks.Furthermore,it is an important approach to identifying closely linked clusters of nodes that may represent underlying patterns and relationships.Networking structures are highly sensitive in social networks,requiring advanced techniques to accurately identify the structure of these communities.Most conventional algorithms for detecting communities perform inadequately with complicated networks.In addition,they miss out on accurately identifying clusters.Since single-objective optimization cannot always generate accurate and comprehensive results,as multi-objective optimization can.Therefore,we utilized two objective functions that enable strong connections between communities and weak connections between them.In this study,we utilized the intra function,which has proven effective in state-of-the-art research studies.We proposed a new inter-function that has demonstrated its effectiveness by making the objective of detecting external connections between communities is to make them more distinct and sparse.Furthermore,we proposed a Multi-Objective community strength enhancement algorithm(MOCSE).The proposed algorithm is based on the framework of the Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm with Decomposition(MOEA/D),integrated with a new heuristic mutation strategy,community strength enhancement(CSE).The results demonstrate that the model is effective in accurately identifying community structures while also being computationally efficient.The performance measures used to evaluate the MOEA/D algorithm in our work are normalized mutual information(NMI)and modularity(Q).It was tested using five state-of-the-art algorithms on social networks,comprising real datasets(Zachary,Dolphin,Football,Krebs,SFI,Jazz,and Netscience),as well as twenty synthetic datasets.These results provide the robustness and practical value of the proposed algorithm in multi-objective community identification.
基金financial y supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFD1900902)the Joint Funds of the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (LLSSZ24C030001)+1 种基金the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System (CARS-08-G-09)sponsored by the K.C.Wong Magna Fund of Ningbo University,China。
文摘Fungi play crucial roles in nutrient acquisition,plant growth promotion,and the enhancement of resistance to both abiotic and biotic stresses.However,studies on the fungal communities associated with peas (Pisum sativum L.) remain limited.In this study,we systematically investigated the ecological effects of host niches (soil,root,stem,leaf,and pod) and genotypes on the diversity and composition of fungal communities in peas using a multi-level approach that encompassed pattern recognition (β-diversity decomposition),mechanism validation (neutral community model testing),and dynamic tracking methods (migration pathway source-tracking).The results revealed that the dominant fungal phyla across niches and genotypes were Ascomycota,Basidiomycota,and Mortierellomycota,and the community structures of the soil–plant continuum were primarily determined by the pea niches rather than genotypes.β-diversity decomposition was largely attributed to species replacement rather than richness differences,indicating strong niche specificity and microbial replacement across microhabitats.Neutral model analysis revealed that stochastic processes influenced genotypeassociated communities,while deterministic processes played a dominant role in niche-based community assembly.Source-tracking analysis identified niche-to-niche fungal migration,with Erysiphe,Fusarium,Cephaliophora,Ascobolus,Alternaria,and Aspergillus as the key genera.Migration rates from exogenous to endogenous niches were low (1.3–61.5%),whereas those within exogenous (64.4–83.7%) or endogenous (73.9–96.4%) compartments were much higher,suggesting that the pea epidermis acts as a selective barrier that filters and enriches microbial communities prior to internal colonization.This study provides comprehensive insights into the mechanisms of host filtering,enrichment and microbial sourcing,which increases our understanding of the assembly rules of the pea-associated fungal microbiome.
文摘Professional learning communities(PLCs)offer essential contextual support for the development of foreign language teachers in higher education.The book Building Professional Learning Communities of Foreign Language Teachers in Higher Education,co-authored by Wen et al.(2021)systematically examines the necessity,practical measures,theoretical construction,and outcomes associated with building PLCs for university foreign language teachers.Notably,it introduces a research methodology rooted in local teacher education practices with Chinese characteristics—the dialectical research paradigm(DRP).This review introduces the content of the book,evaluates its contributions to teacher development,and explores its implications for future practice and research.
基金supported by Shanghai Municipal Natural Science Foundation,China(No.21ZR1446800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41877425)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.226-2024-00052)。
文摘Microorganisms can colonize the surface of microplastics(MPs)to form a distinctive microbiome,known as a“plastisphere”which is regarded as an anthropogenic niche for microbial growth.However,bacterial community assembly in virgin and aging MP plastispheres across different habitats is poorly understood.This study aims to assess the variations in bacterial community assembly across different niches and habitats with an in situ ex-periment,in which constructed forest wetland(FW),natural lake wetland(LW),and lotus pond wetland(LP)were habitats,and plastispheres of virgin and aging low-density polyethylene(LDPE)MPs,as well as surround-ing wetland soils were niches.Significant niche-related differences in bacterial communities were observed,with lower diversity and enrichment of potential plastic-degrading bacteria in the plastisphere than in the soil bacterial communities.Furthermore,habitat-related differences exerted a more pronounced influence on the beta-diversity patterns of the bacterial communities.The linear regression analyses indicated that the local species pool con-tributed more to bacterial community assembly in the LW wetland,whereas the relative abundance of species was the primary factor in the LP wetland.The null model analysis indicated that plastisphere bacterial communi-ties were predominantly driven by the stochastic process,with a more deterministic assembly observed in the LP wetland and soil bacterial communities.Additionally,the primary ecological process shaping plastisphere com-munities shifted from drift in the virgin LDPE to homogenising dispersal in the aging LDPE.This study provides new insights into the fate and ecological impacts of MPs in wetlands,thereby facilitating the effective regulations of plastic pollution.
基金supported by the China National Science Foundation(No.42130506,42071031)the Special Technology Innovation Fund of Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality in Jiangsu Province(BK20231515)+1 种基金the Spanish Government grant PID2022-140808NB-I00 funded by MICIU/AEI/https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033the Catalan Government grants SGR 2021-1333 and AGAUR2023 CLIMA 00118.
文摘The root-to-shoot(R/S)ratio is a critical indicator of the balance between root biomass and shoot biomass,representing the ecological strategies and adaptive responses of plants to environmental conditions.However,the patterns of change in community R/S ratios during forest succession and their response to moisture levels across broad geographic gradients remains unclear.Based on forest biomass data from a national field inventory of 5,825 plots conducted across China between 2011 and 2015,this study looked into allocating biomass shoots and roots at the early,middle,and late stages of growth in plantations and succession in natural forests,and evaluated how moisture availability influences this allocation.The results revealed a significant decline in R/S ratios from early to late stages for both plantations and natural forests.Shoot and root biomass in plantations grew isometrically during the early and middle succession stages but shifted to allometric growth in the late stage,with the slope of the log-transformed shoot-root biomass relationship differing significantly across growth stages.Natural forests,in contrast,maintained isometric growth across successional stages,showing no significant variation in the slope of the log-transformed shoot-root biomass relationship.Environmental factors,particularly moisture levels,strongly influenced R/S ratios.Moisture levels significantly affected size-corrected R/S ratios,particularly in the middle stage of plantations and the early and middle stages of natural forests,supporting the hypothesis of optimal allocation.These findings suggest that in water-limited regions,forest management should prioritize drought-tolerant,deep-rooted native species,encourage mixed-species planting in the early stage,and reduce logging intensity in mature plantations.Conserving natural forests to maintain successional dynamics is essential for long-term ecological resilience.These findings emphasize the importance of balancing productivity with ecological sustainability by adapting practices to specific environments and forest types under climate change.
基金supported in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,China(No.23ZR1432400)the Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research-Chinese Academy of Science(No.JCYJ-SHFY-2022-015).
文摘The Electrical Power System(EPS)is one of the spacecraft’s key subsystems,and its operational status directly affects the lifespan and performance of the entire spacecraft.The corresponding fault diagnosis has always been the discussion focus to ensure spacecraft reliability.In this paper,a few-shot unsupervised fault diagnosis method based on the improved Newman community division algorithm is proposed,to approach the scarcity of fault data samples and the inconspicuous characteristics of abnormal data.Firstly,aiming to capture the overall relevance of the fault dataset,a complex network model is built by adopting the K-Dynamic time warping distance Adjacent Nodes(KDAN)method.Based on the complex network model,the Newman community divisions algorithm is improved by using the Quantum-behaved Particle Swarm Optimization(QPSO).Subsequently,in order to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed method,experimental validation was conducted using an open-source dataset.The results indicate that the average accuracy can reach 96.43% for fault data diagnosis,and an F1_score of 97.76%with only 17.65%of the dataset used for training.The proposed method can accurately classify abnormal data by identifying the community structure in the data network,significantly improve the efficiency of the community divisions algorithm and reduce its complexity,and provide a new solution for fault diagnosis in large-scale complex systems.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program(No.2022YFD2400700)from the Ministry of Science and Technology of Chinathe Open Competition Project(No.JBGS[2021]127)from the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Jiangsu Provincepartially supported by the platform project of Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-culture of Aquaculture Animals(No.2021-KJ-02-12)。
文摘Open earthen pond-based larviculture is the main method for rearing Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)larvae in China.Bacterioplankton play a vital role in aquaculture ecosystems,but their community succession throughout the larval nursery stages of E.sinensis in such systems is still poorly understood.Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing,this study characterized the dynamics of bacterioplankton communities during a complete E.sinensis larval rearing cycle in open earthen ponds.Results presented a distinct,unidirectional succession in bacterioplankton composition,characterized by a decrease in Alphaproteobacteria and an increase in Actinobacteria.Live feeds(Brachionus plicatilis and Artemia salina)significantly affected bacterioplankton communities directly through their biological activities and indirectly by modifying the structure of phytoplankton composition.In addition to live feeds,water temperature and dissolved oxygen were key environmental factors affecting the structure of bacterioplankton communities.Biotic interactions,specifically with phytoplankton and copepods,were key drivers of bacterioplankton succession.Routine feeding practices during larval cultivation decreased bacterioplankton network complexity and strengthened community stability.Keystone taxa,specifically OTU783(Rhodobacteraceae)and OTU1235(Microbacteriaceae),played an essential role in maintaining the community stability through recruiting more rare species during the later stages despite their low abundances.These outcomes advance our understanding of the mechanisms central to bacterioplankton community succession and stability in E.sinensis larviculture systems,offering critical insights for developing sustainable aquaculture management strategies.
基金Under the auspices of the National Key Research and Development Program of China Science and Technology Cooperation Project of the Chinese and Russian Governments(No.2023YFE0111300)National Social Science Fund of China(No.23BGL204)Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia(No.2022MS04001)。
文摘Prolonged droughts have emerged as a major impediment to the revitalization of pastoral regions worldwide because they significantly augment their susceptibility to the deleterious effects of global climate change,overgrazing,and land degradation.This study,conducted in 106 pastoral villages across 33 pastoral banners of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China between August 2021 and October 2022,used a community resilience evaluation indicator system to assess drought resistance.By calculating a community resilience index,the research explored influencing factors and proposed countermeasures,aiming to enhance resilience to prolonged drought.The results revealed three key findings.1)Pastoral areas exhibited a limited degree of community resilience to drought disasters(overall score=0.28),with resilience levels forming a pyramid-shaped hierarchy.2)Dimensional analysis showed that resilience scores decreased sequentially across five domains:social(0.53)>cultural(0.44)>environmental(0.38)>economic(0.32)>management(0.27).These results highlight the crucial role of economic and management resilience in enhancing community resilience,particularly when accompanied by pre-and post-disaster government support and social security,both of which must be improved.3)Key factors influencing community resilience included geographical location,traffic accessibility,and frequency and severity of droughts.From a drought resilience perspective,targeted strategies and recommendations are proposed to provide novel and practical approaches for achieving sustainable development in pastoral areas and rural regions as a whole.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD2100104)Henan Provincial Major Science and Technology Special Fund(231100110400).
文摘Microorganisms are crucial for the breakdown of proteins and lipids in dry-fermented sausages and are intimately associated with the flavor profile of sausages.In this study,we used a mixed starter culture to ferment sausages and investigated the flavor turnover.During the fermentation of salami,the data from free amino acids(FAAs),free fatty acids(FFAs)and volatile flavor substances were used to assess the quality of salami.At the end of fermentation,the total FAAs increased from 1171.32 to 4582.48 mg/kg in the control group and 5053.25 mg/kg in the experimental group.Additionally,following inoculation with the mixed starter culture,the levels of glutamic acid,lysine,methionine,valine and leucine were significantly higher(P<0.05)than those in the control group.Oleic acid(C_(18:1))and chondritic acid(C_(16:0))were the two most abundant FFAs in both salami samples with 45.86%and 26.07%on the 23^(th)day in mixed culture inoculated salami.The mixed starter inoculated group had significantly lower saturated fatty acids and higher percentage levels of monounsaturated fatty acids than the control group(P<0.05).In the volatile flavor substance analysis,a total of 61 volatile compounds were found.Ester compounds were progressively enriched with drying time,significantly increasing the flavor substances,like ethyl diphosgene,1-octen-3-ol,and 2,3-butanediol at P<0.05.The correlation analysis between the core flora and volatile flavor compounds during fermentation and maturation of salami indicates Lactobacillus sakei and Lactobacillus rhamnosus were significantly higher and positively correlated with the major volatile organic compounds,which are the key core microorganisms affecting the flavor quality of fermented sausages.
文摘On February 5, the Dialogue on Building a China-Laos Community with a Shared Future, themed “Focusing on the ‘Action Plan,’ Creating a Better Future Together,” took place in Vientiane, Laos.The opening ceremony featured speeches by several distinguished vips including Fang Hong, Chinese ambassador to Laos, Daosavanh Kheugmixai, vice president of the Lao National Academy of Politics and Public Administration, Yu Yunquan, vice president of the China International Communications Group (CICG),Sakhon Phommalat, deputy head of the Propaganda and Training Board of the Lao People’s Revolutionary Party (LPRP) Central Committee, Sun Jisheng, vice president of China Foreign Affairs University (CFAU),and Vadthuninyom Duangmala,president of the Diplomatic Academy of Laos.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42377083)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province,China(No.2025 ZNSFSC0433).
文摘In this work,ofloxacin(OFL),a kind of frequently detected antibiotic in groundwater,was selected to explore its impact(at ng/L-μg/L-level)on denitrification performance in an autotrophic denitrification system driven by pyrite/sulfur(FeS2/S0).Results showed that OFL restrained nitrate removal efficiency,and the inhibition degree was positively related to the concentration of OFL.After being exposed to increased OFL(200 ng/L-100μg/L)for 69 days,higher inhibition of electron transport activity(ETSA),enzyme activities of nitrate reductase(NAR),and nitrite reductase(NIR)were acquired.Meanwhile,the extracellular protein(PN)content of sludge samples was remarkably stimulated by OFL to resist the augmented toxicity.OFL contributed to increased microbial diversity and sulfur/sulfide oxidation functional genes in ng/L-level bioreactors,whereas led to a decline inμg/L level experiments.With OFL at concentrations of 200 ng/L and 100μg/L,the whole expression of 10 key denitrification functional genes was depressed,and the higher the OFL concentration,the lower the expression level.However,no significant proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)either in 200 ng/L-OFL or 100μg/L-OFL groups was observed.Two-factor correlation analysis results indicated that Thiobacillus,Anaerolineae,Anaerolineales,and Nitrospirae might be the main hosts of existing ARGs in this system.
文摘As a Burundian doctoral student at Nanjing University,my personal journey is closely intertwined with China’s development in the new era and the deepening China-Africa partnership.Recently,my experiences have given me a deeper appreciation of the importance of people-to-people exchanges between China and Africa.
