Data-flow errors are prevalent in cyber-physical systems(CPS).Although various approaches based on business process modeling notation(BPMN)have been devised for CPS modeling,the absence of formal specifications compli...Data-flow errors are prevalent in cyber-physical systems(CPS).Although various approaches based on business process modeling notation(BPMN)have been devised for CPS modeling,the absence of formal specifications complicates the verification of data-flow.Formal techniques such as Petri nets are popularly used for identifying data-flow errors.However,due to their interleaving semantics,they suffer from the state-space explosion problem.As an unfolding method for Petri nets,the merged process(MP)technique can well represent concurrency relationships and thus be used to address this issue.Yet generating MP is complex and incurs substantial overhead.By designing and applyingα-deletion rules for Petri nets with data(PNDs),this work simplifies MP,thus resulting in simplified MP(SMP)that is then used to identify data-flow errors.Our approach involves converting a BPMN into a PND and then constructing its SMP.The algorithms are developed to identify data-flow errors,e.g.,redundantdata and lost-data ones.The proposed method enhances the efficiency and effectiveness of identifying data-flow errors in CPS.It is expected to prevent the problems caused by data-flow errors,e.g.,medical malpractice and economic loss in some practical CPS.Its practicality and efficiency of the proposed method through several CPS.Its significant advantages over the state of the art are demonstrated.展开更多
In order to guarantee the correctness of business processes, not only control-flow errors but also data-flow errors should be considered. The control-flow errors mainly focus on deadlock, livelock, soundness, and so o...In order to guarantee the correctness of business processes, not only control-flow errors but also data-flow errors should be considered. The control-flow errors mainly focus on deadlock, livelock, soundness, and so on. However, there are not too many methods for detecting data-flow errors. This paper defines Petri nets with data operations(PN-DO) that can model the operations on data such as read, write and delete. Based on PN-DO, we define some data-flow errors in this paper. We construct a reachability graph with data operations for each PN-DO, and then propose a method to reduce the reachability graph. Based on the reduced reachability graph, data-flow errors can be detected rapidly. A case study is given to illustrate the effectiveness of our methods.展开更多
Workflow system has become a standard solution for managing a complex business process.How to guarantee its correctness is a key requirement.Many methods only focus on the control-flow verification,while they neglect ...Workflow system has become a standard solution for managing a complex business process.How to guarantee its correctness is a key requirement.Many methods only focus on the control-flow verification,while they neglect the modeling and checking of data-flows.Although some studies are presented to repair the data-flow errors,they do not consider the effect of delete operations or weak circulation relations on the repairing results.What’s more,repairing some data-flow errors may bring in new errors.In order to solve these problems,we use workflow net with data(WFD-net)systems to model and analyze a workflow system.Based on weak behavioral relations and order relations in a WFD-net system,we formalize four kinds of data-flow errors.After then,we reveal the relations between these errors and organize them into a hierarchy.Furthermore,we propose some new methods to repair data-flow errors in a WFD-net system based on system requirements and repair strategies.Finally,a case study of campus-card recharging shows the applicability of our methods,and a group of experiments show their advantages and effectiveness.展开更多
This paper describes a dynamically reconfigurable data-flow hardware architecture optimized for the computation of image and video. It is a scalable hierarchically organized parallel architecture that consists of data...This paper describes a dynamically reconfigurable data-flow hardware architecture optimized for the computation of image and video. It is a scalable hierarchically organized parallel architecture that consists of data-flow clusters and finite-state machine （FSM） controllers. Each cluster contains various kinds of ceils that are optimized for video processing. Furthermore, to facilitate the design process, we provide a C-like language for design specification and associated design tools. Some video applications have been implemented in the architecture to demonstrate the applicability and flexibility of the architecture. Experimental results show that the architecture, along with its video applications, can be used in many real-time video processing.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62402415)in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China(ZR2024MF129)in part by State Key Laboratory of Massive Personalized Customization System and Technology(No.H&C-MPC-2023-02-03).
文摘Data-flow errors are prevalent in cyber-physical systems(CPS).Although various approaches based on business process modeling notation(BPMN)have been devised for CPS modeling,the absence of formal specifications complicates the verification of data-flow.Formal techniques such as Petri nets are popularly used for identifying data-flow errors.However,due to their interleaving semantics,they suffer from the state-space explosion problem.As an unfolding method for Petri nets,the merged process(MP)technique can well represent concurrency relationships and thus be used to address this issue.Yet generating MP is complex and incurs substantial overhead.By designing and applyingα-deletion rules for Petri nets with data(PNDs),this work simplifies MP,thus resulting in simplified MP(SMP)that is then used to identify data-flow errors.Our approach involves converting a BPMN into a PND and then constructing its SMP.The algorithms are developed to identify data-flow errors,e.g.,redundantdata and lost-data ones.The proposed method enhances the efficiency and effectiveness of identifying data-flow errors in CPS.It is expected to prevent the problems caused by data-flow errors,e.g.,medical malpractice and economic loss in some practical CPS.Its practicality and efficiency of the proposed method through several CPS.Its significant advantages over the state of the art are demonstrated.
基金supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFB1001804)Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan Project(16511100900)
文摘In order to guarantee the correctness of business processes, not only control-flow errors but also data-flow errors should be considered. The control-flow errors mainly focus on deadlock, livelock, soundness, and so on. However, there are not too many methods for detecting data-flow errors. This paper defines Petri nets with data operations(PN-DO) that can model the operations on data such as read, write and delete. Based on PN-DO, we define some data-flow errors in this paper. We construct a reachability graph with data operations for each PN-DO, and then propose a method to reduce the reachability graph. Based on the reduced reachability graph, data-flow errors can be detected rapidly. A case study is given to illustrate the effectiveness of our methods.
基金supported in part by the Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan(Grant No.19511101300)in part by the Key Laboratory of EMBEDded System and Service Computing(Ministry of Education)(Grant Nos.ESSCKF201902 and ESSCKF202102)in part by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62172299 and 62032019).
文摘Workflow system has become a standard solution for managing a complex business process.How to guarantee its correctness is a key requirement.Many methods only focus on the control-flow verification,while they neglect the modeling and checking of data-flows.Although some studies are presented to repair the data-flow errors,they do not consider the effect of delete operations or weak circulation relations on the repairing results.What’s more,repairing some data-flow errors may bring in new errors.In order to solve these problems,we use workflow net with data(WFD-net)systems to model and analyze a workflow system.Based on weak behavioral relations and order relations in a WFD-net system,we formalize four kinds of data-flow errors.After then,we reveal the relations between these errors and organize them into a hierarchy.Furthermore,we propose some new methods to repair data-flow errors in a WFD-net system based on system requirements and repair strategies.Finally,a case study of campus-card recharging shows the applicability of our methods,and a group of experiments show their advantages and effectiveness.
基金Foundation item： the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 61136002）, the Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education （No. 211180）, and the Shaanxi Provincial Industrial and Technological Project （No. 2011k06-47）.
文摘This paper describes a dynamically reconfigurable data-flow hardware architecture optimized for the computation of image and video. It is a scalable hierarchically organized parallel architecture that consists of data-flow clusters and finite-state machine （FSM） controllers. Each cluster contains various kinds of ceils that are optimized for video processing. Furthermore, to facilitate the design process, we provide a C-like language for design specification and associated design tools. Some video applications have been implemented in the architecture to demonstrate the applicability and flexibility of the architecture. Experimental results show that the architecture, along with its video applications, can be used in many real-time video processing.
