Limitations imposed by Four-Wave Mixing (FWM), Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE), dispersion and Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) on a multi-spam DWDM system are theoretically studied. In this work, expression for...Limitations imposed by Four-Wave Mixing (FWM), Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE), dispersion and Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) on a multi-spam DWDM system are theoretically studied. In this work, expression for the linear dispersion parameter D has been defined as a function of number of channels in order to separate FWM and SRS effects and calculates both maximum fibre length and optimum power. Additionally, our simulation results consider the effect of ASE noise from Erbium Doped Fibre Amplifiers (EDFAs). This theoretical analysis yields a set of design criteria from optimized multi-span DWDM systems.展开更多
In this paper, aiming at practical dense wavelength division multiplexing （DWDM） system with ultralong fiber span, a simple co-fiber remotely pumped erbium-doped fiber amplifier （RP-EDFA） scheme is proposed to ext...In this paper, aiming at practical dense wavelength division multiplexing （DWDM） system with ultralong fiber span, a simple co-fiber remotely pumped erbium-doped fiber amplifier （RP-EDFA） scheme is proposed to extend span distance with simple configuration and low pump power. Equivalent noise figure of -6 dB is achieved under 300-mW pump power. Using the experiment results, numerical simulation of ultra-long span systems shows that for a 40 × 11.6-Gb/s transmission system, the RP-EDFA scheme can support transmission of 1760 km with a fiber span of 160 km. These results demonstrate the potential of the PR-EDFA scheme in ultra-long span transmission.展开更多
A math model that can describe the effect of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) on pilot-tone detection technique is proposed.Through numerical simulation,it is shown that the effect of SRS could produce ghost-tones.Th...A math model that can describe the effect of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) on pilot-tone detection technique is proposed.Through numerical simulation,it is shown that the effect of SRS could produce ghost-tones.The power of ghost-tones was larger for the channels separated further from the real-tone. The power ratio between real-tone and ghost-tones increases linearly with the increase of transmission length when propagation distance longer than 300 km.展开更多
Impact of detuning between signal wavelength and MUX/DEMUX filter passband in WDM systems was numerically studied for 50 GHz-spaced 42.7 Gbit/s RZ and CS-RZ signals. RZ signal was found more robust against signal wave...Impact of detuning between signal wavelength and MUX/DEMUX filter passband in WDM systems was numerically studied for 50 GHz-spaced 42.7 Gbit/s RZ and CS-RZ signals. RZ signal was found more robust against signal wavelength detuning but not against filter detuning.展开更多
In this work we study all-optical multi-channel return-to-zero （RZ）-on-off keying （OOK） to nonreturn-to-zero （NRZ）-OOK format conversion in single uniform fiber Bragg grating （FBG） for mixed line-rate dense wa...In this work we study all-optical multi-channel return-to-zero （RZ）-on-off keying （OOK） to nonreturn-to-zero （NRZ）-OOK format conversion in single uniform fiber Bragg grating （FBG） for mixed line-rate dense wave- length-division multiplexing systems using mathematical simulations. Forty and 20 Gbit/s RZ-OOK signals with 33% and 50% duty cycles are converted to NRZ-OOK signals in single uniform FBG with 21~ reflectivity. Impact of amplitude noise from FBG contrast profile on modulation format conversion efficiency is also studied.展开更多
The requirement of the rejection floor level in the wavelength filter was clarified to achieve the ultimate spectral efficiency in DWDM systems. A cascaded filter can satisfy this condition.
The demonstration of a higher data rate transmission system was amajor aspect to be considered by researchers in recent years. The most relevantaspect to be studied and analyzed is the need for a reliable system to ha...The demonstration of a higher data rate transmission system was amajor aspect to be considered by researchers in recent years. The most relevantaspect to be studied and analyzed is the need for a reliable system to handlenonlinear impairments and reduce them. Therefore, this paper examines theinfluence of Four-Wave Mixing (FWM) impairment on the proposed highdata rate Dual polarization–Differential Quadrature phase shift keying (DPDQPSK)system using the Optisystem software. In the beginning, the impactof varied input power on the proposed system’s performance was evaluated interms of QF and BER metrics. More power is used to improve system performance.However, increasing power would raise theFWMeffects. Accordingly,a−10dBminput power and the proposed system are used to reduce the impactof FWM. Additionally, a hybrid amplification method is proposed to enhancesystem performance by utilizing the major amplification methods of erbiumdopedfiber amplifier (EDFA): semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) andRadio optical amplifier (ROA). The evaluation demonstrates that the OAEDFAoutperformed the other two key amplification techniques of (EDFASOA)and (EDFA-ROA) in improving Quality factor (QF) and Bit error rate(BER) system results for all distances up to 720 km. Consequently, the methodcontributes to minimizing the impact of FWM. In the future, other forms ofnonlinearity will be investigated and studied to quantify their impact on theproposed system.展开更多
Experimental verfications of the feasibility of using chirped fiber grating(CFG)as the dispersion compensation device a bi-diretional hybrid dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing(DWDM)system to reduce the sicpersion...Experimental verfications of the feasibility of using chirped fiber grating(CFG)as the dispersion compensation device a bi-diretional hybrid dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing(DWDM)system to reduce the sicpersion and cross-phase modulation(XPM) induced crosstalk were proposed and demonstranted.Not only channel capacity was increased,but also good preformances of carrier-to-noise ratio(CNR)≥50 dB,compostie second order(CSO)≥72 dB,composite triple beat(CTB)≥69 dB and low bit error rate (BER)<10^-9 were achieved in our proposed system over a 50-km single-mode fiber(SMF) transport.展开更多
文摘Limitations imposed by Four-Wave Mixing (FWM), Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE), dispersion and Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) on a multi-spam DWDM system are theoretically studied. In this work, expression for the linear dispersion parameter D has been defined as a function of number of channels in order to separate FWM and SRS effects and calculates both maximum fibre length and optimum power. Additionally, our simulation results consider the effect of ASE noise from Erbium Doped Fibre Amplifiers (EDFAs). This theoretical analysis yields a set of design criteria from optimized multi-span DWDM systems.
文摘In this paper, aiming at practical dense wavelength division multiplexing （DWDM） system with ultralong fiber span, a simple co-fiber remotely pumped erbium-doped fiber amplifier （RP-EDFA） scheme is proposed to extend span distance with simple configuration and low pump power. Equivalent noise figure of -6 dB is achieved under 300-mW pump power. Using the experiment results, numerical simulation of ultra-long span systems shows that for a 40 × 11.6-Gb/s transmission system, the RP-EDFA scheme can support transmission of 1760 km with a fiber span of 160 km. These results demonstrate the potential of the PR-EDFA scheme in ultra-long span transmission.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 90104003.
文摘A math model that can describe the effect of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) on pilot-tone detection technique is proposed.Through numerical simulation,it is shown that the effect of SRS could produce ghost-tones.The power of ghost-tones was larger for the channels separated further from the real-tone. The power ratio between real-tone and ghost-tones increases linearly with the increase of transmission length when propagation distance longer than 300 km.
文摘Impact of detuning between signal wavelength and MUX/DEMUX filter passband in WDM systems was numerically studied for 50 GHz-spaced 42.7 Gbit/s RZ and CS-RZ signals. RZ signal was found more robust against signal wavelength detuning but not against filter detuning.
基金supported by the European Social Fund within the Project No.2013/0012/1DP/1.1.1.2.0/13/APIA/VIAA/051
文摘In this work we study all-optical multi-channel return-to-zero （RZ）-on-off keying （OOK） to nonreturn-to-zero （NRZ）-OOK format conversion in single uniform fiber Bragg grating （FBG） for mixed line-rate dense wave- length-division multiplexing systems using mathematical simulations. Forty and 20 Gbit/s RZ-OOK signals with 33% and 50% duty cycles are converted to NRZ-OOK signals in single uniform FBG with 21~ reflectivity. Impact of amplitude noise from FBG contrast profile on modulation format conversion efficiency is also studied.
文摘The requirement of the rejection floor level in the wavelength filter was clarified to achieve the ultimate spectral efficiency in DWDM systems. A cascaded filter can satisfy this condition.
基金the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE)in Malaysia,Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM),and Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI)for sponsoring the Matching Grant Research between UTM and UNSRI (R.J.130000.7309.4B571).
文摘The demonstration of a higher data rate transmission system was amajor aspect to be considered by researchers in recent years. The most relevantaspect to be studied and analyzed is the need for a reliable system to handlenonlinear impairments and reduce them. Therefore, this paper examines theinfluence of Four-Wave Mixing (FWM) impairment on the proposed highdata rate Dual polarization–Differential Quadrature phase shift keying (DPDQPSK)system using the Optisystem software. In the beginning, the impactof varied input power on the proposed system’s performance was evaluated interms of QF and BER metrics. More power is used to improve system performance.However, increasing power would raise theFWMeffects. Accordingly,a−10dBminput power and the proposed system are used to reduce the impactof FWM. Additionally, a hybrid amplification method is proposed to enhancesystem performance by utilizing the major amplification methods of erbiumdopedfiber amplifier (EDFA): semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) andRadio optical amplifier (ROA). The evaluation demonstrates that the OAEDFAoutperformed the other two key amplification techniques of (EDFASOA)and (EDFA-ROA) in improving Quality factor (QF) and Bit error rate(BER) system results for all distances up to 720 km. Consequently, the methodcontributes to minimizing the impact of FWM. In the future, other forms ofnonlinearity will be investigated and studied to quantify their impact on theproposed system.
文摘Experimental verfications of the feasibility of using chirped fiber grating(CFG)as the dispersion compensation device a bi-diretional hybrid dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing(DWDM)system to reduce the sicpersion and cross-phase modulation(XPM) induced crosstalk were proposed and demonstranted.Not only channel capacity was increased,but also good preformances of carrier-to-noise ratio(CNR)≥50 dB,compostie second order(CSO)≥72 dB,composite triple beat(CTB)≥69 dB and low bit error rate (BER)<10^-9 were achieved in our proposed system over a 50-km single-mode fiber(SMF) transport.
