应用数字照相变形量测DPDM(The digital photogrammetry for deformation measurement)技术对水平受荷桩的桩侧土位移进行分析。通过室内模型单桩单向水平循环荷载实验,利用数码相机对实验过程中桩侧土体的变化进行全程拍摄,应用DPDM技...应用数字照相变形量测DPDM(The digital photogrammetry for deformation measurement)技术对水平受荷桩的桩侧土位移进行分析。通过室内模型单桩单向水平循环荷载实验,利用数码相机对实验过程中桩侧土体的变化进行全程拍摄,应用DPDM技术对拍摄结果进行处理,得出桩侧土体的位移场分布。桩身的变形分为弹性阶段,弹塑性阶段和破坏阶段。破坏荷载下,主动侧土体塑性变形区宽度为桩径的0.5倍,深度与桩身变形深度相同;被动侧土体塑性区域呈半个倒锥形,主要分布在沿桩身0.37倍桩入土深度内,锥形侧表面尾端与土表面成60°夹角。展开更多
Product data management (PDM) has been accepted as an important tool for the manufacturing industries. In recent years, more and mor e researches have been conducted in the development of PDM. Their research area s in...Product data management (PDM) has been accepted as an important tool for the manufacturing industries. In recent years, more and mor e researches have been conducted in the development of PDM. Their research area s include system design, integration of object-oriented technology, data distri bution, collaborative and distributed manufacturing working environment, secur ity, and web-based integration. However, there are limitations on their rese arches. In particular, they cannot cater for PDM in distributed manufacturing e nvironment. This is especially true in South China, where many Hong Kong (HK) ma nufacturers have moved their production plants to different locations in Pearl R iver Delta for cost reduction. However, they retain their main offices in HK. Development of PDM system is inherently complex. Product related data cover prod uct name, product part number (product identification), drawings, material speci fications, dimension requirement, quality specification, test result, log size, production schedules, product data version and date of release, special tooling (e.g. jig and fixture), mould design, project engineering in charge, cost spread sheets, while process data includes engineering release, engineering change info rmation management, and other workflow related to the process information. Accor ding to Cornelissen et al., the contemporary PDM system should contains manageme nt functions in structure, retrieval, release, change, and workflow. In system design, development and implementation, a formal specification is nece ssary. However, there is no formal representation model for PDM system. Theref ore a graphical representation model is constructed to express the various scena rios of interactions between users and the PDM system. Statechart is then used to model the operations of PDM system, Fig.1. Statechart model bridges the curr ent gap between requirements, scenarios, and the initial design specifications o f PDM system. After properly analyzing the PDM system, a new distributed PDM (DPDM) system is proposed. Both graphical representation and statechart models are constructed f or the new DPDM system, Fig.2. New product data of DPDM and new system function s are then investigated to support product information flow in the new distribut ed environment. It is found that statecharts allow formal representations to capture the informa tion and control flows of both PDM and DPDM. In particular, statechart offers a dditional expressive power, when compared to conventional state transition diagr am, in terms of hierarchy, concurrency, history, and timing for DPDM behavioral modeling.展开更多
文摘应用数字照相变形量测DPDM(The digital photogrammetry for deformation measurement)技术对水平受荷桩的桩侧土位移进行分析。通过室内模型单桩单向水平循环荷载实验,利用数码相机对实验过程中桩侧土体的变化进行全程拍摄,应用DPDM技术对拍摄结果进行处理,得出桩侧土体的位移场分布。桩身的变形分为弹性阶段,弹塑性阶段和破坏阶段。破坏荷载下,主动侧土体塑性变形区宽度为桩径的0.5倍,深度与桩身变形深度相同;被动侧土体塑性区域呈半个倒锥形,主要分布在沿桩身0.37倍桩入土深度内,锥形侧表面尾端与土表面成60°夹角。
文摘Product data management (PDM) has been accepted as an important tool for the manufacturing industries. In recent years, more and mor e researches have been conducted in the development of PDM. Their research area s include system design, integration of object-oriented technology, data distri bution, collaborative and distributed manufacturing working environment, secur ity, and web-based integration. However, there are limitations on their rese arches. In particular, they cannot cater for PDM in distributed manufacturing e nvironment. This is especially true in South China, where many Hong Kong (HK) ma nufacturers have moved their production plants to different locations in Pearl R iver Delta for cost reduction. However, they retain their main offices in HK. Development of PDM system is inherently complex. Product related data cover prod uct name, product part number (product identification), drawings, material speci fications, dimension requirement, quality specification, test result, log size, production schedules, product data version and date of release, special tooling (e.g. jig and fixture), mould design, project engineering in charge, cost spread sheets, while process data includes engineering release, engineering change info rmation management, and other workflow related to the process information. Accor ding to Cornelissen et al., the contemporary PDM system should contains manageme nt functions in structure, retrieval, release, change, and workflow. In system design, development and implementation, a formal specification is nece ssary. However, there is no formal representation model for PDM system. Theref ore a graphical representation model is constructed to express the various scena rios of interactions between users and the PDM system. Statechart is then used to model the operations of PDM system, Fig.1. Statechart model bridges the curr ent gap between requirements, scenarios, and the initial design specifications o f PDM system. After properly analyzing the PDM system, a new distributed PDM (DPDM) system is proposed. Both graphical representation and statechart models are constructed f or the new DPDM system, Fig.2. New product data of DPDM and new system function s are then investigated to support product information flow in the new distribut ed environment. It is found that statecharts allow formal representations to capture the informa tion and control flows of both PDM and DPDM. In particular, statechart offers a dditional expressive power, when compared to conventional state transition diagr am, in terms of hierarchy, concurrency, history, and timing for DPDM behavioral modeling.
