When the relationship between the government and the citizens is taken into consideration, at the times when the government is misusing its power, the citizens may express themselves about the injustice in various way...When the relationship between the government and the citizens is taken into consideration, at the times when the government is misusing its power, the citizens may express themselves about the injustice in various ways and civil disobedience is one of them. If the injustice still exists after all the judicial proceedings are taken, then, this act that has nonviolence as its fundamental philosophy is seen to take place. The most important representatives of civil disobedience in the world are Socrates, Henry David Thoreau, M. Luther King and Mahatma Gandhi. These thinkers with their discourses and actions put forth what constitutes as civil disobedience and set an example to other societies. In this study, firstly, the aforementioned notion of civil disobedience is explained. Then, some demonstrations that took place in Turkey are evaluated in the framework of civil disobedience. The aim is to determine whether or not these demonstrations can be considered as examples of ＂civil disobedience＂. Also, the reasons why some of these demonstrations are not in the scope of civil disobedience are discussed. In this study, depiction and historical methods are used.展开更多
Henry David Thoreau, the most influential American writer, naturalist, philosopher in 19th century, who was also an important representative figure of the American Transcendentalism Movement, the outcast of social mai...Henry David Thoreau, the most influential American writer, naturalist, philosopher in 19th century, who was also an important representative figure of the American Transcendentalism Movement, the outcast of social mainstream thoughts. For over 150 years, his thoughts have inspired people to seek a return to nature. As for his attitude towards life, he believed that human beings should live in their own way, listen to their own heart, and do what they believe is right. The purpose of this essay is to analysize Thoreau's idea of Individualism and his involvement in the crucial social issues. The analysis will first consider the nature of individualism and make distinction between Thoreau's individualism and individualism in American society. Then it will present an intensive study of Thoreau's embracing of some notions of individualism in Civil Disobedience and Walden. And the effects of his individualism have given to society not only in America but in other countries.展开更多
This paper argues that political theorists have underestimated the power of detachment in political action. It tries to problematize their failure to incorporate the spectator＇s figure into their literature by indica...This paper argues that political theorists have underestimated the power of detachment in political action. It tries to problematize their failure to incorporate the spectator＇s figure into their literature by indicating the modern social condition that requires an alternative mode of actorship. To achieve this goal, this paper turns to Hannah Arendt, and conducts a detailed reinterpretation of her work. It proceeds in three steps. First, it highlights the oxymoronic phrase of ＂active non-participation＂ by a non-acting spectator. Secondly, against the standard way of taking Socrates as her ideal thinker and actor, it takes up Thoreau to discover such a model while bringing the notion of detachment to her discussion of political action. Thirdly, it attempts to defend a rather unorthodox interpretative move that tries to reconcile the political and the mental modes of life in Arendt＇s work by giving a set of evidence to show her deep-seated desire to look at the tradition from a fresh point of view.展开更多
文摘When the relationship between the government and the citizens is taken into consideration, at the times when the government is misusing its power, the citizens may express themselves about the injustice in various ways and civil disobedience is one of them. If the injustice still exists after all the judicial proceedings are taken, then, this act that has nonviolence as its fundamental philosophy is seen to take place. The most important representatives of civil disobedience in the world are Socrates, Henry David Thoreau, M. Luther King and Mahatma Gandhi. These thinkers with their discourses and actions put forth what constitutes as civil disobedience and set an example to other societies. In this study, firstly, the aforementioned notion of civil disobedience is explained. Then, some demonstrations that took place in Turkey are evaluated in the framework of civil disobedience. The aim is to determine whether or not these demonstrations can be considered as examples of ＂civil disobedience＂. Also, the reasons why some of these demonstrations are not in the scope of civil disobedience are discussed. In this study, depiction and historical methods are used.
文摘Henry David Thoreau, the most influential American writer, naturalist, philosopher in 19th century, who was also an important representative figure of the American Transcendentalism Movement, the outcast of social mainstream thoughts. For over 150 years, his thoughts have inspired people to seek a return to nature. As for his attitude towards life, he believed that human beings should live in their own way, listen to their own heart, and do what they believe is right. The purpose of this essay is to analysize Thoreau's idea of Individualism and his involvement in the crucial social issues. The analysis will first consider the nature of individualism and make distinction between Thoreau's individualism and individualism in American society. Then it will present an intensive study of Thoreau's embracing of some notions of individualism in Civil Disobedience and Walden. And the effects of his individualism have given to society not only in America but in other countries.
文摘This paper argues that political theorists have underestimated the power of detachment in political action. It tries to problematize their failure to incorporate the spectator＇s figure into their literature by indicating the modern social condition that requires an alternative mode of actorship. To achieve this goal, this paper turns to Hannah Arendt, and conducts a detailed reinterpretation of her work. It proceeds in three steps. First, it highlights the oxymoronic phrase of ＂active non-participation＂ by a non-acting spectator. Secondly, against the standard way of taking Socrates as her ideal thinker and actor, it takes up Thoreau to discover such a model while bringing the notion of detachment to her discussion of political action. Thirdly, it attempts to defend a rather unorthodox interpretative move that tries to reconcile the political and the mental modes of life in Arendt＇s work by giving a set of evidence to show her deep-seated desire to look at the tradition from a fresh point of view.
