Background: The physiological ratio of T<sub>3</sub>:T<sub>4</sub> is essential to trigger the biological actions, since the T<sub>3</sub>:T<sub>4</sub> ratio is efficie...Background: The physiological ratio of T<sub>3</sub>:T<sub>4</sub> is essential to trigger the biological actions, since the T<sub>3</sub>:T<sub>4</sub> ratio is efficiently regulated by extrathyroidal selenodeiodinases. Thr92Ala is a common variant in the DIO2 gene, which may have an implication in decreased phenotypic expression, but previous studies had conflicting outcomes. Consequently, we have undertaken this study to understand the effect of this SNP on CVD risk among type 2 diabetics. Methods: We included 130 T2DM patients without signs of CVD as controls and 106 proved CVD patients with T2DM as cases. The entire subjects were genotyped for Thr92Ala of DIO2 gene. FBG, lipid & thyroid profile, HDL sub-fractionations, type II deiodinase, malondialdehyde, paraoxonase, and superoxide dismutase were measured according to standard procedures. Results: The mean DIO2 levels in Ala/Ala genotypes were significantly lower than Thr/Thr + Thr/Ala genotypes (122 ± 39 ng/ml & 161 ± 32 ng/ml respectively). The thyroid profile was normal in all the subjects;merely it was altered significantly among the Ala/Ala genotypes when compared with Thr/Thr + Thr/Ala genotypes. Remarkably, there is a significant decrease in T<sub>3</sub>:T<sub>4</sub> and HDL<sub>3</sub>:HDL<sub>2</sub> ratios and paraoxonase activity among Ala/Ala genotypes when compared with Thr/Thr + Thr/Ala genotypes. TSH and T<sub>4</sub> levels were near to upper normal levels among Ala/Ala genotype. HDL<sub>3</sub>:HDL<sub>2</sub> ratio is positively correlated with paraoxonase activity among Thr/Thr + Thr/Ala genotypes (r = 0.36, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Phenotype expression of DIO2 gene, thyroid profile, HDL<sub>2</sub>:HDL<sub>2</sub> ratio and paraoxonase activity are altered among the Ala/Ala genotype. Thus, Ala/Ala genotype plays a key role in thyroid dysfunction, dyslipidemia and the development of CVD risk among type 2 diabetics.展开更多
ABSTRACT:The development of highly sensitive and rapidresponse/recovery room-temperature NH_(3) sensors is critically demanded for environmental monitoring and healthcare diagnostics,yet remains scientifically challen...ABSTRACT:The development of highly sensitive and rapidresponse/recovery room-temperature NH_(3) sensors is critically demanded for environmental monitoring and healthcare diagnostics,yet remains scientifically challenging.Inspired by the two-dimensional ordered macroporous structure of peacock feathers,two-dimensional inverse opal(2DIO)polyaniline/silver(PANI/Ag)composites were fabricated via a sacrificial templating method.By integrating the advantages of gas diffusion of highly ordered macroporous structures with the catalytic activity of Ag,significant improvements in NH_(3) sensing performance were achieved.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations demonstrated that the 2DIO structure induced vortex effects,which significantly reduced the gas velocity.Concurrently,macroporous channels(~240 nm diameter)enhanced adsorption/desorption kinetics.The fabricated 2DIO PANI/Ag sensor exhibited a remarkable response of 1153%to 100 ppm NH_(3),with ultra-fast response/recovery times of 3 s/56 s,exhibiting a 420-fold improvement in response/recovery speed compared to pure PANI(126 s/325 s).A further developed wearable detection module successfully discriminated exhalation signals between simulated chronic kidney disease(CKD)patients and healthy individuals,providing a new strategy for noninvasive medical diagnosis.In-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(in-situ FT-IR)real-time tracking of NH_(3) adsorption/desorption processes confirms a chemisorption-dominated sensing mechanism.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations showed that the charge transfer at the PANI/Ag interface enhanced the adsorption of NH_(3),which significantly enhanced the molecular affinity.This study provides a viable pathway for developing high-performance flexible NH_(3) gas sensors through an interdisciplinary approach combining structural bionics,simulation optimization,theoretical analysis,and experimental validation.展开更多
文摘Background: The physiological ratio of T<sub>3</sub>:T<sub>4</sub> is essential to trigger the biological actions, since the T<sub>3</sub>:T<sub>4</sub> ratio is efficiently regulated by extrathyroidal selenodeiodinases. Thr92Ala is a common variant in the DIO2 gene, which may have an implication in decreased phenotypic expression, but previous studies had conflicting outcomes. Consequently, we have undertaken this study to understand the effect of this SNP on CVD risk among type 2 diabetics. Methods: We included 130 T2DM patients without signs of CVD as controls and 106 proved CVD patients with T2DM as cases. The entire subjects were genotyped for Thr92Ala of DIO2 gene. FBG, lipid & thyroid profile, HDL sub-fractionations, type II deiodinase, malondialdehyde, paraoxonase, and superoxide dismutase were measured according to standard procedures. Results: The mean DIO2 levels in Ala/Ala genotypes were significantly lower than Thr/Thr + Thr/Ala genotypes (122 ± 39 ng/ml & 161 ± 32 ng/ml respectively). The thyroid profile was normal in all the subjects;merely it was altered significantly among the Ala/Ala genotypes when compared with Thr/Thr + Thr/Ala genotypes. Remarkably, there is a significant decrease in T<sub>3</sub>:T<sub>4</sub> and HDL<sub>3</sub>:HDL<sub>2</sub> ratios and paraoxonase activity among Ala/Ala genotypes when compared with Thr/Thr + Thr/Ala genotypes. TSH and T<sub>4</sub> levels were near to upper normal levels among Ala/Ala genotype. HDL<sub>3</sub>:HDL<sub>2</sub> ratio is positively correlated with paraoxonase activity among Thr/Thr + Thr/Ala genotypes (r = 0.36, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Phenotype expression of DIO2 gene, thyroid profile, HDL<sub>2</sub>:HDL<sub>2</sub> ratio and paraoxonase activity are altered among the Ala/Ala genotype. Thus, Ala/Ala genotype plays a key role in thyroid dysfunction, dyslipidemia and the development of CVD risk among type 2 diabetics.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22208325 and 22409190)the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2023YFB3809400 and 2022YFE0138100)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M732964)Science and Technology Research and Development Projects of Henan Province(No.252102321029)the Cooperation Foundation of Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.DNL202015).
文摘ABSTRACT:The development of highly sensitive and rapidresponse/recovery room-temperature NH_(3) sensors is critically demanded for environmental monitoring and healthcare diagnostics,yet remains scientifically challenging.Inspired by the two-dimensional ordered macroporous structure of peacock feathers,two-dimensional inverse opal(2DIO)polyaniline/silver(PANI/Ag)composites were fabricated via a sacrificial templating method.By integrating the advantages of gas diffusion of highly ordered macroporous structures with the catalytic activity of Ag,significant improvements in NH_(3) sensing performance were achieved.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations demonstrated that the 2DIO structure induced vortex effects,which significantly reduced the gas velocity.Concurrently,macroporous channels(~240 nm diameter)enhanced adsorption/desorption kinetics.The fabricated 2DIO PANI/Ag sensor exhibited a remarkable response of 1153%to 100 ppm NH_(3),with ultra-fast response/recovery times of 3 s/56 s,exhibiting a 420-fold improvement in response/recovery speed compared to pure PANI(126 s/325 s).A further developed wearable detection module successfully discriminated exhalation signals between simulated chronic kidney disease(CKD)patients and healthy individuals,providing a new strategy for noninvasive medical diagnosis.In-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(in-situ FT-IR)real-time tracking of NH_(3) adsorption/desorption processes confirms a chemisorption-dominated sensing mechanism.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations showed that the charge transfer at the PANI/Ag interface enhanced the adsorption of NH_(3),which significantly enhanced the molecular affinity.This study provides a viable pathway for developing high-performance flexible NH_(3) gas sensors through an interdisciplinary approach combining structural bionics,simulation optimization,theoretical analysis,and experimental validation.
