Osteoarthritis(OA)is the most common and prevalent degenerative disorder of the joints.To manage OA using a dietary approach,it is crucial to have accurate knowledge of the nutritional content and bioavailability of O...Osteoarthritis(OA)is the most common and prevalent degenerative disorder of the joints.To manage OA using a dietary approach,it is crucial to have accurate knowledge of the nutritional content and bioavailability of OArelated foods.However,the increasing dominance of food processing techniques and technologies in the food sector is a significant concern for nutrition,disease,health,and well-being,leading to imprecise nutrient intake estimation.Increased consumer health awareness regarding the therapeutic potential of diet modification in OA management has led to the requirement to assess the effect of food processing approaches on nutritional quality.This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the existing evidence of the effect of different food technologies on OA-related modifiable factors like bioavailability,nutritional and bioactive content,weight management,and inflammation.Scientific evidence supports the effectiveness of nonthermal food technologies over conventional food technologies,specifically ultrasound processing,irradiation,high-pressure,carbon dioxide,electric field,microwave processing,high hydrostatic pressure,and cold plasma;and other food technologies,including food fortification,biofortification,decaffeination processing,nanotechnology,fat replacers,and food excipients,have a tremendous potential to significantly improve diet-based OA management after overcoming their limitations and health-related safety concerns.Specifically,nanotechnology and food excipients are two rapidly emerging technologies that can improve OA management by improving bioavailability and providing sustained nutrient delivery.However,further randomized controlled trials in humans are needed to understand the effects of novel food processing technologies on OA-related foods and their effectiveness for treating and/or preventing OA.展开更多
Microbial electrochemical technologies(MET)can remove a variety of organic and inorganic pollutants from contaminated groundwater.However,despite significant laboratory-scale successes over the past decade,field-scale...Microbial electrochemical technologies(MET)can remove a variety of organic and inorganic pollutants from contaminated groundwater.However,despite significant laboratory-scale successes over the past decade,field-scale applications remain limited.We hypothesize that enhancing the electrochemical conductivity of the soil surrounding electrodes could be a groundbreaking and cost-effective alternative to deploying numerous high-surface-area electrodes in short distances.This could be achieved by injecting environmentally safe iron-or carbon-based conductive(nano)particles into the aquifer.Upon transport and deposition onto soil grains,these particles create an electrically conductive zone that can be exploited to control and fine-tune the delivery of electron donors or acceptors over large distances,thereby driving the process more efficiently.Beyond extending the radius of influence of electrodes,these diffuse electro-conductive zones(DECZ)could also promote the development of syntrophic anaerobic communities that degrade contaminants via direct interspecies electron transfer(DIET).In this review,we present the state-of-the-art in applying conductive materials for MET and DIET-based applications.We also provide a comprehensive overview of the physicochemical properties of candidate electrochemically conductive materials and related injection strategies suitable for field-scale implementation.Finally,we illustrate and critically discuss current and prospective electrochemical and geophysical methods for measuring soil electronic conductivitydboth in the laboratory and in the fielddbefore and after injection practices,which are crucial for determining the extent of DECZ.This review article provides critical information for a robust design and in situ implementation of groundwater electro-bioremediation processes.展开更多
文摘Osteoarthritis(OA)is the most common and prevalent degenerative disorder of the joints.To manage OA using a dietary approach,it is crucial to have accurate knowledge of the nutritional content and bioavailability of OArelated foods.However,the increasing dominance of food processing techniques and technologies in the food sector is a significant concern for nutrition,disease,health,and well-being,leading to imprecise nutrient intake estimation.Increased consumer health awareness regarding the therapeutic potential of diet modification in OA management has led to the requirement to assess the effect of food processing approaches on nutritional quality.This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the existing evidence of the effect of different food technologies on OA-related modifiable factors like bioavailability,nutritional and bioactive content,weight management,and inflammation.Scientific evidence supports the effectiveness of nonthermal food technologies over conventional food technologies,specifically ultrasound processing,irradiation,high-pressure,carbon dioxide,electric field,microwave processing,high hydrostatic pressure,and cold plasma;and other food technologies,including food fortification,biofortification,decaffeination processing,nanotechnology,fat replacers,and food excipients,have a tremendous potential to significantly improve diet-based OA management after overcoming their limitations and health-related safety concerns.Specifically,nanotechnology and food excipients are two rapidly emerging technologies that can improve OA management by improving bioavailability and providing sustained nutrient delivery.However,further randomized controlled trials in humans are needed to understand the effects of novel food processing technologies on OA-related foods and their effectiveness for treating and/or preventing OA.
基金support under the National Recovery and Resilience Plan(NRRP)Mission 4,Component 2,Investment 1.1,Call for tender No.104 published on February 2,2022 by the Italian Ministry of University and Research(MUR)+2 种基金funded by the European Union e Next GenerationEUe Project Title SteeRing GroundwatEr Electro-bioremediAtion with ConducTIVe ParticlEs(REACTIVE)e CUP:B53D23018110006-Grant Assignment Decree No.1048 adopted on July 14,2023 by the Italian Ministry of University and Research(MUR).UM acknowledges Villum Foundation(grant n.VIL50414)the Grundfos Foundation(grant n.2017-025)LP and GC acknowledge The Geosciences for Sustainable Development project(Budget Ministero dell'Universita e della Ricerca-Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2023-2027,C93C23002690001).
文摘Microbial electrochemical technologies(MET)can remove a variety of organic and inorganic pollutants from contaminated groundwater.However,despite significant laboratory-scale successes over the past decade,field-scale applications remain limited.We hypothesize that enhancing the electrochemical conductivity of the soil surrounding electrodes could be a groundbreaking and cost-effective alternative to deploying numerous high-surface-area electrodes in short distances.This could be achieved by injecting environmentally safe iron-or carbon-based conductive(nano)particles into the aquifer.Upon transport and deposition onto soil grains,these particles create an electrically conductive zone that can be exploited to control and fine-tune the delivery of electron donors or acceptors over large distances,thereby driving the process more efficiently.Beyond extending the radius of influence of electrodes,these diffuse electro-conductive zones(DECZ)could also promote the development of syntrophic anaerobic communities that degrade contaminants via direct interspecies electron transfer(DIET).In this review,we present the state-of-the-art in applying conductive materials for MET and DIET-based applications.We also provide a comprehensive overview of the physicochemical properties of candidate electrochemically conductive materials and related injection strategies suitable for field-scale implementation.Finally,we illustrate and critically discuss current and prospective electrochemical and geophysical methods for measuring soil electronic conductivitydboth in the laboratory and in the fielddbefore and after injection practices,which are crucial for determining the extent of DECZ.This review article provides critical information for a robust design and in situ implementation of groundwater electro-bioremediation processes.
