Over the last century,the development of didactics(教学论)in China has been profoundly influenced by Kairov’s theory of pedagogics.The German Didaktik tradition,which can date back to Comenius and Herbart,remains lar...Over the last century,the development of didactics(教学论)in China has been profoundly influenced by Kairov’s theory of pedagogics.The German Didaktik tradition,which can date back to Comenius and Herbart,remains largely unknown to educational scholars in China while they possess basic knowledge of Comenius and Herbart.This article expounds three basic tenets of the German Didaktik tradition-(1)the concept of Bildung,(2)a theory of educational content,and(3)the idea of teaching as a learner-content encounter-and discusses the implications for developing Chinese didactics.It argues for a rethinking of the purposes,content,and practice of teaching with respect to the subjectification aim of education(i.e.,the becoming of unique individuals,with autonomy,critical thinking,and creativity).展开更多
The purpose of this research was to propose pedagogical and didactic strategies for teaching radiation protection at higher education and university levels, with the aim of optimizing radiological safety in the Democr...The purpose of this research was to propose pedagogical and didactic strategies for teaching radiation protection at higher education and university levels, with the aim of optimizing radiological safety in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This was done after evaluating the implementation of protective measures against the harmful effects of X-rays in conventional radiology in Kinshasa hospitals. To achieve this, we conducted a survey in 23 Kinshasa hospitals with a sample of 400 health professionals, including 100 radiologists, to assess the level of implementation of radiation protection principles in order to propose pedagogical and didactic remediation in initial training where necessary. In addition to interviewing the respondents, we collected radiophysical parameters to evaluate the degree of irradiation in pediatric and adult radiology services in Kinshasa hospitals. After analyzing the data, the following results were recorded: the surveyed health personnel reported that more than 40% of requested radiology examinations are not justified. Eleven services were found to be highly irradiating in pediatrics (48%) and two radiology services in adults (9%). Finally, all surveyed radiologist health personnel in Kinshasa do not know how to evaluate the degree of irradiation in their services. In light of these results, we proposed pedagogical and didactic remediation in radiation protection teaching during initial training to enable future health professionals to demonstrate competencies for optimizing radiological safety.展开更多
In the Scandinavian countries： Sweden, Norway and Denmark, the project GNU （Gr^enseoverskridende Nordisk Undervisning, i.e. Transnational Nordic Teaching） is experimenting with ways of conducting teaching across th...In the Scandinavian countries： Sweden, Norway and Denmark, the project GNU （Gr^enseoverskridende Nordisk Undervisning, i.e. Transnational Nordic Teaching） is experimenting with ways of conducting teaching across the borders in the elementary schools. The cloud classes are organised with one class from each country in the subjects： language, science, math, social science/history. The teachers from the three classes work together to design teaching they conduct together with assignments the students will be able to solve only in collaboration with their fellow students in the three classes. The three year project ends in 2014 but already now there are some interesting findings on how transnational teaching collaboration works for teachers and students. This paper will focus on the different uses of web based tools of synchronous and asynchronous communication and discuss challenges and benefits in regard to learning and pedagogy with virtual classroom.展开更多
High-level of technical skills and tactical behaviour are key factors for an optimal performance in soccer games. About the most used and innovative training methods, the small-sided games （SSGs） seem to be a worthy...High-level of technical skills and tactical behaviour are key factors for an optimal performance in soccer games. About the most used and innovative training methods, the small-sided games （SSGs） seem to be a worthy and valid methodology to train simultaneously many skills by reproducing several conditions of a real match. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the available literature to lead an improved understanding in the usefulness of SSGs for improving technical skills in soccer. To ensure a rigorous and reliable approach, the review was performed according to PRISMA （Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-analyses） guidelines. 1031 records were initially identified, but only 26 studies were further included in the review. Moreover, other two studies were added after a check of the bibliography of two major reviews. So, each of these studies was analysed according to the aforementioned guidelines and using inclusion criteria related to SSG and training in soccer. The current analysis provided several indications and recommendations for coaches and trainers of soccer teams in order to improve several technical skills by means of the use of SSGs. Furthermore, several evidences for using SSGs in school environment are also provided.展开更多
This study aims at comparing the effect of an innovative educational approach,based on the continuous relationship between mind and body,to traditional methodologies;more in particular,it focuses on the cognitive proc...This study aims at comparing the effect of an innovative educational approach,based on the continuous relationship between mind and body,to traditional methodologies;more in particular,it focuses on the cognitive processes of language and memory in childhood.Previous studies showed that the Embodiment Theory of Conceptual Representations considers the extent to which the concepts are embodied,i.e.,the way their conceptual features are represented in sensory and motor brain areas in an experience-dependent way.Similarly,the Motor Theory of Language suggests considering phonetic gestures,made by the speaker to produce them as language perception objects,reproduced in the brain as real invariant motor commands.This longitudinal research analyzed the impact of a museum-based education on the memory and language process of children aged 3-6 years,with the purpose of building links between the evolutionary dimension and the didactic dimension.In a wider perspective,these aspects assume great importance for educators that aim to train qualified students,ethically informed and trained as world citizens,starting from neuroscientific discoveries.展开更多
Literature need not be limited to studying the narratives of authors of other countries. Just like any other subject, literature lessons can serve to foster tolerance and respect among cultures by creating awareness i...Literature need not be limited to studying the narratives of authors of other countries. Just like any other subject, literature lessons can serve to foster tolerance and respect among cultures by creating awareness in our students about the different traditions, the different history, and the different mentalities existing in other countries. In a world that is ever more globalized but ever more fragmented, in which a great technological leap has not been accompanied by a leap in tolerance and dialogue, the role of the literature teacher can be of great importance in either fostering tolerance or fostering bigotry.展开更多
How to teach creative writing at school？ If the procedures inherited from writing workshops have undoubtedly proved efficient as regards text production, it is also clear that in Switzerland, as elsewhere in Europe a...How to teach creative writing at school？ If the procedures inherited from writing workshops have undoubtedly proved efficient as regards text production, it is also clear that in Switzerland, as elsewhere in Europe and in the Anglo-Saxon world, the present use of evaluation grids with their numerous items prevents secondary school pupils from adopting the stance of an author. Why？ Simply because the most innovative and ＂literary＂ texts are always surprising： They are ＂different＂, and could not possibly result from writing guidelines devised only to facilitate a mechanical evaluation itself conceived for the sake of some illusory objectivity... Now, in our postmodern age with its rejection of models, what is more difficult than assessing the quality of creative writing？ In our approach, we suggest restoring confidence in the teacher, an expert reader if any, who, acting as a publisher, dramaturge, or mere aesthete, knows how to take his pupils＇ texts seriously, acknowledge their aesthetic value, and look at apparent clumsiness as a possible promise of innovation. The teaching of creative writing lies both in this specific reception of budding works and in the teacher＇s performative utterances that, then and there, make the pupil a writer.展开更多
Our paper presents a project that involves two research questions: does the choice of a related problem by the tutorial system allow the problem solving process which is blocked for the student to be restarted? What i...Our paper presents a project that involves two research questions: does the choice of a related problem by the tutorial system allow the problem solving process which is blocked for the student to be restarted? What information about learning do related problems returned by the system provide us? We answer the first question according to the didactic engineering, whose mode of validation is internal and based on the confrontation between an a priori analysis and an a posteriori analysis that relies on data from experiments in schools. We consider the student as a subject whose adaptation processes are conditioned by the problem and the possible interactions with the computer environment, and also by his knowledge, usually implicit, of the institutional norms that condition his relationship with geometry. Choosing a set of good problems within the system is therefore an essential element of the learning model. Since the source of a problem depends on the student’s actions with the computer tool, it is necessary to wait and see what are the related to problems that are returned to him before being able to identify patterns and assess the learning. With the simultaneity of collecting and analysing interactions in each class, we answer the second question according to a grounded theory analysis. By approaching the problems posed by the system and the designs in play at learning blockages, our analysis links the characteristics of problems to the design components in order to theorize on the decisional, epistemological, representational, didactic and instrumental aspects of the subject-milieu system in interaction.展开更多
To what extent do culture and tradition influence learning at school?What are the difficulties encountered by Moroccan learners?How to handle this gap between teaching culture and learning culture?Student attitudes ar...To what extent do culture and tradition influence learning at school?What are the difficulties encountered by Moroccan learners?How to handle this gap between teaching culture and learning culture?Student attitudes are linked to education and to the background they come from.Our aim is to understand the behaviors of Moroccan learners and teachers,to update them,in order to propose solutions,for to adapt teaching,pedagogy and learning to the cultural context of the learners.To do this,firstly using class observations,we will try to analyze the language behavior of Moroccan learners,as well as non-verbal and para-verbal language.All this,with a single target:to develop appropriate suggestions or approaches,within a contextualized teaching/learning.展开更多
In the context of professional technical education,dual modality has been a commitment of the Chilean Ministry of Education to improve professional technical training in high school.The change has involved a curricula...In the context of professional technical education,dual modality has been a commitment of the Chilean Ministry of Education to improve professional technical training in high school.The change has involved a curricular innovation around the development of basic competences where,in addition to the teacher and the traditional classroom,other agents and other scenarios that share the work of teaching concur.In this context,the research consigned,according to its objectives and methodological formulation,describes the characteristics of the dual professional technical training of the administration specialty of the Monseñor Guillermo Carlos Hartl Educational Complex of the Pitrufquén Commune,in Chile.It is intended to investigate the effectiveness of the integrated curriculum through the assessment of achievement of the basic competencies of students who are in the 4th middle year of said specialty(with dual mode),in direct relation to the required graduate and professional profile and in contrast,with that of students of the specialty of“electricity”,without the dual modality.展开更多
Purpose： This study assessed the effectiveness of three teaching methods for developing cultural competency based upon Leininger＇s theoretical framework with nursing students in China： case studies, traditional did...Purpose： This study assessed the effectiveness of three teaching methods for developing cultural competency based upon Leininger＇s theoretical framework with nursing students in China： case studies, traditional didactic learning, and self-directed learning. These methods were used in tran- scultural nursing teaching practices to identify the method that resulted in the greatest improve- ments in the nursing student＇s understanding and clinical application of transcultural nursing. Methods： The Transcultural Nursing Questionnaire（TNQ） was used for pre-and post-test comparisons of all participants in four areas of cultural knowledge and the Evaluation of Transcultural Nursing Competency（ETNC） was applied via role-play to evaluate the cultural competency of 120 of the 305 participants from three general hospitals in the PuDong New District, Shanghai, China. Individual transcultural nursing courses that focused on case study, traditional didactic or self-di- rected methods persisted for four months in three hospitals. Results： Statistical analyses of the cognitive scores of the participants in the transcultural nursing courses revealed a significant difference（P〈0.01） between scores collected before and after the teaching with the three methods. Comparisons of the three hospitals revealed that the scores for transcultural nursing cognition and simulating service assessment were significantly different（P〈0.01） for the case study nursing students. The scores of the students who were taught with the traditional didactic and self-directed methods were not significantly different across the three hospitals（P〉0.05）. Conclusion： The results revealed that the case study, traditional didactic and self-directed method effectively improved the transcultural nursing cognitive levels of the nursing students. The case study method appeared to be the most effective approach based upon the TNQ pre-and post-tests and the ETNC cultural competency scores.展开更多
Medical education is in constant evolution. It is important to continuously evaluate how residents are being taught in order to improve, and to maximize didactic time while improving standardized test scores. The aim ...Medical education is in constant evolution. It is important to continuously evaluate how residents are being taught in order to improve, and to maximize didactic time while improving standardized test scores. The aim of this study is to assess how residents prefer to learn, which factors preclude residents from studying, the prevalence of certain teaching methods at our institutions, and how this affects standardized exam scores. In order to gather this data, residents across the three Mayo Clinic campuses were anonymously surveyed regarding their preferred study habits, factors that affect their ability to study, how they are most frequently taught within their program, and their most recent in training exam (ITE) scores. Residents are frequently encountering didactic lessons that are consistent with their preferred study methods. However, there seems to be a number of preferred study methods that may not be represented by standard didactic sessions. There are many other factors that affect a resident’s ability to study and those should be taken into consideration by the department when deciding how to teach their residents.展开更多
In the last years, architectural practice has been confronted with a paradigm shift towards the application of digital methods in design activities. In this regard, it is a pedagogic challenge to provide a suitable co...In the last years, architectural practice has been confronted with a paradigm shift towards the application of digital methods in design activities. In this regard, it is a pedagogic challenge to provide a suitable computational background for architectural students, to improve their ability to apply algorithmic-parametric logic, as well as fabrication and prototyping resources to design problem solving. This challenge is even stronger when considering less favored social and technological contexts, such as in Brazil, for example. In this scenario, this article presents and discusses the procedures and the results from a didactic experience carried out in a design computing-oriented discipline, inserted in the curriculum of a Brazilian architecture course. Hence, this paper shares some design computing teaching experiences and presents some results on computational methods and creative approaches, with a view to contribute to a better understanding about the relations between logical thinking, mathematics and architectural design processes.展开更多
This paper is intended to describe an ongoing initiative that is being carried out among three Chinese and two European universities.The aim of the International Operations Management Project is to create and offer a ...This paper is intended to describe an ongoing initiative that is being carried out among three Chinese and two European universities.The aim of the International Operations Management Project is to create and offer a common didactical offer for both Chinese and European students either at under and post graduate level.According to the partners' beliefs,the internationalization of the Operations Management topic needs to be properly addressed at those levels.In this work,the authors outline main managerial and technological decisions taken when they needed to harmonize such heterogeneous working teams.The proposed IOM Didactical Platform architecture,which is described here,is a result of a deep analysis of the described scenario which has allowed us to properly achieve both project's goals and partner's expected flexibility.By means of a Moodle-based architecture,contents' creation and accessibility is already available for all the partners who need them in order to arrange their specific didactical offer,according their particular environmental needs.展开更多
In the context of teacher competences’association with student performance,assessment of didactic competences is an important concern for educational professionals.The current study aims to develop and validate a too...In the context of teacher competences’association with student performance,assessment of didactic competences is an important concern for educational professionals.The current study aims to develop and validate a tool for assessing perceived competences in didactic activity for a group of Romanian teachers.The study examined 160 teachers from 15 schools in Bucharest,Romania,aged 20-60 years old.In the process of development and validation of the instrument(Assessment of perceived competences in didactic activity),the recommended steps were followed.Exploratory factorial analysis indicated the existence of three factors:effective communication of the teacher,development of students’critical thinking,and use of auxiliary resources.Reliability analysis showed high reliability coefficients,indicating good psychometric qualities of the scale.The correlations between the three factors were high,so the scale has acceptable convergent validity.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the three factor model has indicators of good fit,also indicating good psychometric properties.The main practical implication is that the proposed instrument can be successfully used in identifying development needs of teachers resulting from the evaluation process.Based on the results derived from self-assessment of teaching competencies,customized professional development programs can be created for each teacher,aiming at developing skills and,implicitly,improving performance at the workplace.展开更多
The evaluation and reevaluation of the fundamental didactic principles suppose the acceptance at the level of an instructive-educative activity of a new educational paradigm. Thus, its understanding implies an assumpt...The evaluation and reevaluation of the fundamental didactic principles suppose the acceptance at the level of an instructive-educative activity of a new educational paradigm. Thus, its understanding implies an assumption at a conceptual-theoretical level of some approaches where the didactic aspects find their usefulness by relating to value principles. This situation expresses in fact focus on the formative side specific to the process of didactic communication. Therefore, the understanding of the didactic principles emphasizes concrete modalities of completing the educational activities.展开更多
文摘Over the last century,the development of didactics(教学论)in China has been profoundly influenced by Kairov’s theory of pedagogics.The German Didaktik tradition,which can date back to Comenius and Herbart,remains largely unknown to educational scholars in China while they possess basic knowledge of Comenius and Herbart.This article expounds three basic tenets of the German Didaktik tradition-(1)the concept of Bildung,(2)a theory of educational content,and(3)the idea of teaching as a learner-content encounter-and discusses the implications for developing Chinese didactics.It argues for a rethinking of the purposes,content,and practice of teaching with respect to the subjectification aim of education(i.e.,the becoming of unique individuals,with autonomy,critical thinking,and creativity).
文摘The purpose of this research was to propose pedagogical and didactic strategies for teaching radiation protection at higher education and university levels, with the aim of optimizing radiological safety in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This was done after evaluating the implementation of protective measures against the harmful effects of X-rays in conventional radiology in Kinshasa hospitals. To achieve this, we conducted a survey in 23 Kinshasa hospitals with a sample of 400 health professionals, including 100 radiologists, to assess the level of implementation of radiation protection principles in order to propose pedagogical and didactic remediation in initial training where necessary. In addition to interviewing the respondents, we collected radiophysical parameters to evaluate the degree of irradiation in pediatric and adult radiology services in Kinshasa hospitals. After analyzing the data, the following results were recorded: the surveyed health personnel reported that more than 40% of requested radiology examinations are not justified. Eleven services were found to be highly irradiating in pediatrics (48%) and two radiology services in adults (9%). Finally, all surveyed radiologist health personnel in Kinshasa do not know how to evaluate the degree of irradiation in their services. In light of these results, we proposed pedagogical and didactic remediation in radiation protection teaching during initial training to enable future health professionals to demonstrate competencies for optimizing radiological safety.
文摘In the Scandinavian countries： Sweden, Norway and Denmark, the project GNU （Gr^enseoverskridende Nordisk Undervisning, i.e. Transnational Nordic Teaching） is experimenting with ways of conducting teaching across the borders in the elementary schools. The cloud classes are organised with one class from each country in the subjects： language, science, math, social science/history. The teachers from the three classes work together to design teaching they conduct together with assignments the students will be able to solve only in collaboration with their fellow students in the three classes. The three year project ends in 2014 but already now there are some interesting findings on how transnational teaching collaboration works for teachers and students. This paper will focus on the different uses of web based tools of synchronous and asynchronous communication and discuss challenges and benefits in regard to learning and pedagogy with virtual classroom.
文摘High-level of technical skills and tactical behaviour are key factors for an optimal performance in soccer games. About the most used and innovative training methods, the small-sided games （SSGs） seem to be a worthy and valid methodology to train simultaneously many skills by reproducing several conditions of a real match. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the available literature to lead an improved understanding in the usefulness of SSGs for improving technical skills in soccer. To ensure a rigorous and reliable approach, the review was performed according to PRISMA （Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-analyses） guidelines. 1031 records were initially identified, but only 26 studies were further included in the review. Moreover, other two studies were added after a check of the bibliography of two major reviews. So, each of these studies was analysed according to the aforementioned guidelines and using inclusion criteria related to SSG and training in soccer. The current analysis provided several indications and recommendations for coaches and trainers of soccer teams in order to improve several technical skills by means of the use of SSGs. Furthermore, several evidences for using SSGs in school environment are also provided.
文摘This study aims at comparing the effect of an innovative educational approach,based on the continuous relationship between mind and body,to traditional methodologies;more in particular,it focuses on the cognitive processes of language and memory in childhood.Previous studies showed that the Embodiment Theory of Conceptual Representations considers the extent to which the concepts are embodied,i.e.,the way their conceptual features are represented in sensory and motor brain areas in an experience-dependent way.Similarly,the Motor Theory of Language suggests considering phonetic gestures,made by the speaker to produce them as language perception objects,reproduced in the brain as real invariant motor commands.This longitudinal research analyzed the impact of a museum-based education on the memory and language process of children aged 3-6 years,with the purpose of building links between the evolutionary dimension and the didactic dimension.In a wider perspective,these aspects assume great importance for educators that aim to train qualified students,ethically informed and trained as world citizens,starting from neuroscientific discoveries.
文摘Literature need not be limited to studying the narratives of authors of other countries. Just like any other subject, literature lessons can serve to foster tolerance and respect among cultures by creating awareness in our students about the different traditions, the different history, and the different mentalities existing in other countries. In a world that is ever more globalized but ever more fragmented, in which a great technological leap has not been accompanied by a leap in tolerance and dialogue, the role of the literature teacher can be of great importance in either fostering tolerance or fostering bigotry.
文摘How to teach creative writing at school？ If the procedures inherited from writing workshops have undoubtedly proved efficient as regards text production, it is also clear that in Switzerland, as elsewhere in Europe and in the Anglo-Saxon world, the present use of evaluation grids with their numerous items prevents secondary school pupils from adopting the stance of an author. Why？ Simply because the most innovative and ＂literary＂ texts are always surprising： They are ＂different＂, and could not possibly result from writing guidelines devised only to facilitate a mechanical evaluation itself conceived for the sake of some illusory objectivity... Now, in our postmodern age with its rejection of models, what is more difficult than assessing the quality of creative writing？ In our approach, we suggest restoring confidence in the teacher, an expert reader if any, who, acting as a publisher, dramaturge, or mere aesthete, knows how to take his pupils＇ texts seriously, acknowledge their aesthetic value, and look at apparent clumsiness as a possible promise of innovation. The teaching of creative writing lies both in this specific reception of budding works and in the teacher＇s performative utterances that, then and there, make the pupil a writer.
文摘Our paper presents a project that involves two research questions: does the choice of a related problem by the tutorial system allow the problem solving process which is blocked for the student to be restarted? What information about learning do related problems returned by the system provide us? We answer the first question according to the didactic engineering, whose mode of validation is internal and based on the confrontation between an a priori analysis and an a posteriori analysis that relies on data from experiments in schools. We consider the student as a subject whose adaptation processes are conditioned by the problem and the possible interactions with the computer environment, and also by his knowledge, usually implicit, of the institutional norms that condition his relationship with geometry. Choosing a set of good problems within the system is therefore an essential element of the learning model. Since the source of a problem depends on the student’s actions with the computer tool, it is necessary to wait and see what are the related to problems that are returned to him before being able to identify patterns and assess the learning. With the simultaneity of collecting and analysing interactions in each class, we answer the second question according to a grounded theory analysis. By approaching the problems posed by the system and the designs in play at learning blockages, our analysis links the characteristics of problems to the design components in order to theorize on the decisional, epistemological, representational, didactic and instrumental aspects of the subject-milieu system in interaction.
文摘To what extent do culture and tradition influence learning at school?What are the difficulties encountered by Moroccan learners?How to handle this gap between teaching culture and learning culture?Student attitudes are linked to education and to the background they come from.Our aim is to understand the behaviors of Moroccan learners and teachers,to update them,in order to propose solutions,for to adapt teaching,pedagogy and learning to the cultural context of the learners.To do this,firstly using class observations,we will try to analyze the language behavior of Moroccan learners,as well as non-verbal and para-verbal language.All this,with a single target:to develop appropriate suggestions or approaches,within a contextualized teaching/learning.
文摘In the context of professional technical education,dual modality has been a commitment of the Chilean Ministry of Education to improve professional technical training in high school.The change has involved a curricular innovation around the development of basic competences where,in addition to the teacher and the traditional classroom,other agents and other scenarios that share the work of teaching concur.In this context,the research consigned,according to its objectives and methodological formulation,describes the characteristics of the dual professional technical training of the administration specialty of the Monseñor Guillermo Carlos Hartl Educational Complex of the Pitrufquén Commune,in Chile.It is intended to investigate the effectiveness of the integrated curriculum through the assessment of achievement of the basic competencies of students who are in the 4th middle year of said specialty(with dual mode),in direct relation to the required graduate and professional profile and in contrast,with that of students of the specialty of“electricity”,without the dual modality.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Committee of Pudong New District in Shanghai,China(PKJ2008-Y21)
文摘Purpose： This study assessed the effectiveness of three teaching methods for developing cultural competency based upon Leininger＇s theoretical framework with nursing students in China： case studies, traditional didactic learning, and self-directed learning. These methods were used in tran- scultural nursing teaching practices to identify the method that resulted in the greatest improve- ments in the nursing student＇s understanding and clinical application of transcultural nursing. Methods： The Transcultural Nursing Questionnaire（TNQ） was used for pre-and post-test comparisons of all participants in four areas of cultural knowledge and the Evaluation of Transcultural Nursing Competency（ETNC） was applied via role-play to evaluate the cultural competency of 120 of the 305 participants from three general hospitals in the PuDong New District, Shanghai, China. Individual transcultural nursing courses that focused on case study, traditional didactic or self-di- rected methods persisted for four months in three hospitals. Results： Statistical analyses of the cognitive scores of the participants in the transcultural nursing courses revealed a significant difference（P〈0.01） between scores collected before and after the teaching with the three methods. Comparisons of the three hospitals revealed that the scores for transcultural nursing cognition and simulating service assessment were significantly different（P〈0.01） for the case study nursing students. The scores of the students who were taught with the traditional didactic and self-directed methods were not significantly different across the three hospitals（P〉0.05）. Conclusion： The results revealed that the case study, traditional didactic and self-directed method effectively improved the transcultural nursing cognitive levels of the nursing students. The case study method appeared to be the most effective approach based upon the TNQ pre-and post-tests and the ETNC cultural competency scores.
文摘Medical education is in constant evolution. It is important to continuously evaluate how residents are being taught in order to improve, and to maximize didactic time while improving standardized test scores. The aim of this study is to assess how residents prefer to learn, which factors preclude residents from studying, the prevalence of certain teaching methods at our institutions, and how this affects standardized exam scores. In order to gather this data, residents across the three Mayo Clinic campuses were anonymously surveyed regarding their preferred study habits, factors that affect their ability to study, how they are most frequently taught within their program, and their most recent in training exam (ITE) scores. Residents are frequently encountering didactic lessons that are consistent with their preferred study methods. However, there seems to be a number of preferred study methods that may not be represented by standard didactic sessions. There are many other factors that affect a resident’s ability to study and those should be taken into consideration by the department when deciding how to teach their residents.
文摘In the last years, architectural practice has been confronted with a paradigm shift towards the application of digital methods in design activities. In this regard, it is a pedagogic challenge to provide a suitable computational background for architectural students, to improve their ability to apply algorithmic-parametric logic, as well as fabrication and prototyping resources to design problem solving. This challenge is even stronger when considering less favored social and technological contexts, such as in Brazil, for example. In this scenario, this article presents and discusses the procedures and the results from a didactic experience carried out in a design computing-oriented discipline, inserted in the curriculum of a Brazilian architecture course. Hence, this paper shares some design computing teaching experiences and presents some results on computational methods and creative approaches, with a view to contribute to a better understanding about the relations between logical thinking, mathematics and architectural design processes.
文摘This paper is intended to describe an ongoing initiative that is being carried out among three Chinese and two European universities.The aim of the International Operations Management Project is to create and offer a common didactical offer for both Chinese and European students either at under and post graduate level.According to the partners' beliefs,the internationalization of the Operations Management topic needs to be properly addressed at those levels.In this work,the authors outline main managerial and technological decisions taken when they needed to harmonize such heterogeneous working teams.The proposed IOM Didactical Platform architecture,which is described here,is a result of a deep analysis of the described scenario which has allowed us to properly achieve both project's goals and partner's expected flexibility.By means of a Moodle-based architecture,contents' creation and accessibility is already available for all the partners who need them in order to arrange their specific didactical offer,according their particular environmental needs.
文摘In the context of teacher competences’association with student performance,assessment of didactic competences is an important concern for educational professionals.The current study aims to develop and validate a tool for assessing perceived competences in didactic activity for a group of Romanian teachers.The study examined 160 teachers from 15 schools in Bucharest,Romania,aged 20-60 years old.In the process of development and validation of the instrument(Assessment of perceived competences in didactic activity),the recommended steps were followed.Exploratory factorial analysis indicated the existence of three factors:effective communication of the teacher,development of students’critical thinking,and use of auxiliary resources.Reliability analysis showed high reliability coefficients,indicating good psychometric qualities of the scale.The correlations between the three factors were high,so the scale has acceptable convergent validity.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the three factor model has indicators of good fit,also indicating good psychometric properties.The main practical implication is that the proposed instrument can be successfully used in identifying development needs of teachers resulting from the evaluation process.Based on the results derived from self-assessment of teaching competencies,customized professional development programs can be created for each teacher,aiming at developing skills and,implicitly,improving performance at the workplace.
文摘The evaluation and reevaluation of the fundamental didactic principles suppose the acceptance at the level of an instructive-educative activity of a new educational paradigm. Thus, its understanding implies an assumption at a conceptual-theoretical level of some approaches where the didactic aspects find their usefulness by relating to value principles. This situation expresses in fact focus on the formative side specific to the process of didactic communication. Therefore, the understanding of the didactic principles emphasizes concrete modalities of completing the educational activities.
