While hepatitis B virus(HBV)screening relies on hepatitis B surface antigen to confirm HBV infection since the early days of hepatitis B disease management,hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection screening is based on anti-HC...While hepatitis B virus(HBV)screening relies on hepatitis B surface antigen to confirm HBV infection since the early days of hepatitis B disease management,hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection screening is based on anti-HCV testing which does not discriminate active from past infection.Thus to confirm infection HCV RNA testing has been required;recently a HCV core antigen assay became widely commercially available which could serve to confirm infection.That assay is less sensitive than current HCV RNA assays,but as more than 50%of anti-HCV positive persons will be HCV core antigen positive,HCV core antigen testing can be a cost effective and reflex test to confirm HCV infection in anti-HCV positive individuals and will be easier as it can be applied on the same platform.For treatment monitoring,more data need to be generated,but the early data available at present suggest that HCV core antigen may be an alternative to HCV RNA monitoring.With direct antivirals,HCV core antigen could even be superior to HCV RNA testing,as direct antivirals might already prevent virus formation when HCV core antigen is still produced and thereby correlates better with eventual viral clearance.展开更多
文摘为探讨经典名方散偏汤对慢性偏头痛的作用机制,该研究采用4D-DIA蛋白质组学技术分析其对慢性偏头痛模型大鼠的干预影响,并对关键差异蛋白进行实验验证。首先将SD雄性大鼠随机分组,反复注射硝酸甘油制备慢性偏头痛模型。连续灌胃7 d后,采用大鼠痛苦面容量表(RGS)评估药效。取三叉神经节进行4D-DIA相对定量蛋白质组学检测,筛选各组差异蛋白,结合多个数据库进行基因本体论(Gene Ontology,GO)功能和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)通路富集分析;使用STRING数据库及Cytoscape软件进行蛋白-蛋白互作(PPI)网络分析,并对关键差异表达蛋白TRPV1进行蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测。结果显示,空白组与模型组间有517个差异表达蛋白,模型组与散偏汤中剂量组间有221个差异表达蛋白。GO功能和KEGG通路富集分析显示,差异表达蛋白主要与炎症反应、伤害性感受刺激、甘油三酯代谢、免疫调节等相关,主要集中在炎症相关TRP通路、AMPK信号通路、PI3K-Akt信号通路、TGF-β信号通路等。PPI网络显示,IGF、TOP2A、APOA1、CDK1、TTN、RYR1、CSRP3等靶蛋白具有较高的度值(degree)。Western blot结果显示,与模型组比较,散偏汤中、高剂量组TRPV1表达水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。综上,散偏汤可能通过调节TRP、AMPK、PI3K-Akt等炎症相关通路治疗慢性偏头痛,其对TRPV1蛋白的调节发挥了重要作用,并对伤害性刺激感受、脂代谢和免疫反应等具有潜在的调节作用。
文摘While hepatitis B virus(HBV)screening relies on hepatitis B surface antigen to confirm HBV infection since the early days of hepatitis B disease management,hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection screening is based on anti-HCV testing which does not discriminate active from past infection.Thus to confirm infection HCV RNA testing has been required;recently a HCV core antigen assay became widely commercially available which could serve to confirm infection.That assay is less sensitive than current HCV RNA assays,but as more than 50%of anti-HCV positive persons will be HCV core antigen positive,HCV core antigen testing can be a cost effective and reflex test to confirm HCV infection in anti-HCV positive individuals and will be easier as it can be applied on the same platform.For treatment monitoring,more data need to be generated,but the early data available at present suggest that HCV core antigen may be an alternative to HCV RNA monitoring.With direct antivirals,HCV core antigen could even be superior to HCV RNA testing,as direct antivirals might already prevent virus formation when HCV core antigen is still produced and thereby correlates better with eventual viral clearance.
