This study presents a detailed investigation of the microstructure of the oxygen-deficient perovskite material Ca2FeGaO6-δ using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The material exhibits significant porosity and irre...This study presents a detailed investigation of the microstructure of the oxygen-deficient perovskite material Ca2FeGaO6-δ using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The material exhibits significant porosity and irregular grain morphology, with variations in grain size and growth. Unlike conventional perovskite structures, Ca2FeGaO6-δ shows non-uniform grain development, which can be attributed to the presence of oxygen vacancies (δ). SEM analysis reveals that the irregularities in grain size and shape, coupled with the porous nature of the material, are likely to influence its functional properties. These findings provide valuable insights into the structural features of Ca2FeGaO6-δ, offering a foundation for understanding its potential applications in catalysis, sensors, and other technologies. The study highlights the critical role of microstructural characteristics in determining the material’s performance.展开更多
AIM:To compare the Ishihara test errors scores of colour vision deficiency(CVD)subjects when wearing four different types of red-tinted contact lenses(RCL)that differ in their transmittance as determined using a spect...AIM:To compare the Ishihara test errors scores of colour vision deficiency(CVD)subjects when wearing four different types of red-tinted contact lenses(RCL)that differ in their transmittance as determined using a spectrophotometer.METHODS:Six congenital CVD subjects volunteered to participate in this study.Ishihara plates were used to determine the colour vision errors made,whereas Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue test was conducted to determine the total error scores(TES)and type of CVD.Four types of RCL(Types A,B,C and D)were inserted in the non-dominant eye and tested in a randomised manner by a masked operator.Errors scores in Ishihara test were determined at baseline without any contact lens and after wearing the four different RCL.The subjects were then divided into two groups based on the mean TES.RESULTS:Repeated measures ANOVA with Greenhouse-Geisser corrections showed that there was a highly significant effect of RCL type on Ishihara error score[F(2.056,10.282)=30.214,P<0.001].Error scores with RCL Type B were significantly lower than errors made when no lens was worn,and with RCL Type C and Type D(all P<0.001).Error scores with RCL Type B were also lower than those made with RCL Type A,however,they were not significantly different.For subjects with TES values less than 180,RCL type B showed the largest improvement in Ishihara error score(50%)compared to the other three RCLs.RCL type A showed the best performance in TES value of more than 180,with an improvement of 80%in Ishihara score.RCL Type A has the lowest transmittance at the confusion wavelength(450-568 nm),followed by RCL Types B,D and C.CONCLUSION:This study shows that RCL can improve Ishihara error scores.RCL with lower transmission at 450-568 nm and 90%transmittance beyond 637 nm are the most effective.Lenses which could block more light between 550-580 nm are more effective for colour defectives with more severe colour defects.展开更多
BACKGROUND SMARCA4 is a component of chromatin remodeling of SWItch/sucrose-nonfermenting(SWI/SNF)complexes and plays an essential role in oncogenesis.SMARCA4-deficient malignancies arising from the gastrointestinal t...BACKGROUND SMARCA4 is a component of chromatin remodeling of SWItch/sucrose-nonfermenting(SWI/SNF)complexes and plays an essential role in oncogenesis.SMARCA4-deficient malignancies arising from the gastrointestinal tract are rare and have a poor prognosis.There is no standard treatment for advanced and undifferentiated SMARCA4-deficient duodenal malignancies.Programmed death 1(PD-1)antibodies,known as immune checkpoint inhibitor antibodies,potentially play a role in treating gastrointestinal tract malignancies.CASE SUMMARY We present two patients with SMARCA4 deficiency and TP53 gene mutation in advanced undifferentiated carcinomas of the duodenum.For both patients,SMARCA4 deficiency was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining for the BRG1 protein,while TP53 gene mutations were observed via next-generation sequencing.Both patients were administered chemotherapy in combination with an anti-PD-1 antibody.The two patients exhibited completely different responses to treatment and had different prognoses.Case 1 experienced rapid progression after PD-1 infusion and chemotherapy,case 2 experienced a remarkable response after treatment,and the progression-free survival was more than 6 months.CONCLUSION This study described our clinical and pathological observations of SMARCA4-deficient advanced undifferentiated carcinoma of the duodenum.PD-1 combined with chemotherapy showed a certain efficacy in select patients,providing options for treating these highly malignant tumors.Patients with liver metastases had a worse prognosis than did those with only lymph node metastasis.展开更多
By incubating the reduced MoFe protein from Azotobacter vinelandii with O phenanthroline under air and chromatographying the incubated solution on Sephadex G 25 column, inactive MoFe protein could be obtained. Its a...By incubating the reduced MoFe protein from Azotobacter vinelandii with O phenanthroline under air and chromatographying the incubated solution on Sephadex G 25 column, inactive MoFe protein could be obtained. Its acetylene reduction activity was remarkably recovered not only by incubation with the reconstituent solution composed of KMnO 4,ferric homocitrate, Na 2S and dithiothreitol,Azotobacter vinelandii with O phenanthroline under air and chromatographying the incubated solution on Sephadex G 25 column, inactive MoFe protein could be obtained. Its acetylene reduction activity was remarkably recovered not only by incubation with the reconstituent solution composed of KMnO 4,ferric homocitrate, Na 2S and dithiothreitol, with O phenanthroline under air and chromatographying the incubated solution on Sephadex G 25 column, inactive MoFe protein could be obtained. Its acetylene reduction activity was remarkably recovered not only by incubation with the reconstituent solution composed of KMnO 4,ferric homocitrate, Na 2S and dithiothreitol, but also with a mixture of 4Fe∶4S clusters and another cluster which had two structure units of 1Mo∶3Fe∶4S bridged by three -OCH 3- at the Mo atoms. Neither the reconstituent solution nor the mixture could reactivate apo MoFe proteins from the mutants deleting nifE and nifH genes and from the mutant UW 45 , which could be reactivated by the FeMoco extracted from the MoFe protein. The results indicated that the FeMoco deficient MoFe proteins from these mutants seemed to be reconstituted only by the clusters which were probably structures only similar to FeMoco. The partially metallocluster deficient MoFe protein could be reconstituted by the clusters with a certain kind of structure and composition; and was changed into different nitrogenase proteins with the ability to fix nitrogen.展开更多
AIM To investigate changes in gut microbiota and metabolism during nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) development in mice fed a methionine-choline-deficient(MCD) diet. METHODS Twenty-four male C57 BL/6 J mice were equ...AIM To investigate changes in gut microbiota and metabolism during nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) development in mice fed a methionine-choline-deficient(MCD) diet. METHODS Twenty-four male C57 BL/6 J mice were equally divided into four groups and fed a methionine-choline-sufficient diet for 2 wk(Control 2 w group,n = 6) or 4 wk(Control 4 w group,n = 6) or the MCD diet for 2 wk(MCD 2 w group,n = 6) or 4 wk(MCD 4 w group,n = 6). Liver injury,fibrosis,and intestinal barrier function were evaluated after 2 and 4 wk of feeding. The fecal microbiome and metabolome were studied using 16 s r RNA deep sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS The mice fed the MCD diet presented with simple hepatic steatosis and slight intestinal barrier deterioration after 2 wk. After 4 wk of feeding with the MCD diet,however,the mice developed prominent NASH with liver fibrosis,and the intestinal barrier was more impaired. Compared with the control diet,the MCD diet induced gradual gut microbiota dysbiosis,as evidenced by a marked decrease in the abundance of Alistipes and the(Eubacterium) coprostanoligenes group(P < 0.001 and P < 0.05,respectively) and a significant increase in Ruminococcaceae UCG 014 abundance(P < 0.05) after 2 wk. At 4 wk,the MCD diet significantly reduced the promising probiotic Bifidobacterium levels and markedly promoted Bacteroides abundance(P < 0.05,and P < 0.01,respectively). The fecal metabolomic profile was also substantially altered by the MCD diet: At 2 wk,arachidic acid,hexadecane,palmitic acid,and tetracosane were selected as potential biomarkers that were significantly different in the corresponding control group,and at 4 wk,cholic acid,cholesterol,arachidic acid,tetracosane,and stearic acid were selected. CONCLUSION The MCD diet induced persistent alterations in the gut microbiota and metabolome.展开更多
A novel Ti-doped M-site deficient olivine LiFePO4, i.e. Li0.95Fe0.95Ti0.05PO4, was synthesized by a solid-state reaction method. XRD and VTR were used to characterize the as-prepared samples. As a cathode material for...A novel Ti-doped M-site deficient olivine LiFePO4, i.e. Li0.95Fe0.95Ti0.05PO4, was synthesized by a solid-state reaction method. XRD and VTR were used to characterize the as-prepared samples. As a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries, Li0.95Fe0.95Ti0.05PO4 exhibited improved rate capability.展开更多
Naturally,resistant crop germplasms are important resources for managing the issues of agricultural product safety and environment deterioration.We found a spontaneous mutant of‘Newhall’navel orange(Citrus sinensis ...Naturally,resistant crop germplasms are important resources for managing the issues of agricultural product safety and environment deterioration.We found a spontaneous mutant of‘Newhall’navel orange(Citrus sinensis Osbeck)(MT)with broad-spectrum protections against fungal pathogens in the orchard,postharvest-storage,and artificial inoculation conditions.To understand the defense mechanism of MT fruit,we constructed a genome-scale metabolic network that integrated metabolome and transcriptome datasets.The coordinated transcriptomic and metabolic data were enriched in two sub-networks,showing the decrease in very long chain fatty acid(by 41.53%)and cuticular wax synthesis(by 81.34%),and increase in the synthesis of jasmonic acid(JA)(by 95.23%)and JA-induced metabolites such as 5-dimethylnobietin(by 28.37%)in MT.Furthermore,cytological and biochemical analyses confirmed that the response to fungal infection in MT was independent of wax deficiency and was correlated with the levels of jasmonates,and the expression of plant defensin gene PDF1.2.Results of exogenous application of MeJA and JA inhibitors such as propyl gallate proved that JA-mediated defense contributes to the strong tolerance against pathogens in MT.Our results indicated that jasmonate biosynthesis and signaling are stimulated by the fatty acid redirection of MT,and participate in the tolerance of pathogenic fungi.展开更多
Novel black oxygen deficient bismuth oxide(Bi_(2)O_(3)-Bi_(2)O_(3-x))photocatalytic material was successfully prepared by a two zone temperature controlled muffle furnace method.The lanthanum,cerium and erbium ions ar...Novel black oxygen deficient bismuth oxide(Bi_(2)O_(3)-Bi_(2)O_(3-x))photocatalytic material was successfully prepared by a two zone temperature controlled muffle furnace method.The lanthanum,cerium and erbium ions are successfully doped into Bi_(2)O_(3)-Bi_(2)O_(3-x) with the average contents of 10.77 wt%,7.62 wt%and 8,14 wt%,respectively.The re sults show that a large number of oxygen vacancies exist in Bi_(2)O_(3)-Bi_(2)O_(3-x).La^(3+)Ce^(3+)and Er^(3+)act as electron acceptors to temporarily trap the photo-generated electrons.The XPS spectrum show Bi-O band in Bi_(2)O_(3)-Bi_(2)O_(3-x) and the O 1s peak of Ce/Bi_(2)O_(3)-Bi_(2)O_(3-x) move toward the direction of low binding energy.These phenomena fully prove that the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs will be more effectual,so as to reduce the possibility of charge carrier recombination.The radical scavenging experiments and electron spin resonance detections confirm that the conduction band of the original Bi_(2)O_(3)can easily receive photogenerated electrons,while the valence band of the modified Bi_(2)O_(3)-Bi_(2)O_(3-x) tends to accept photogenerated holes and then forms the circulation system.Therefore,Ce/Bi_(2)O_(3)-Bi_(2)O_(3-x) can degrade tetracycline hydrochloride up to 90.15%.This research provides some new insights into developing green and recyclable photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotic contamination.展开更多
Ammonium vanadate with bronze structure(NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10))is a promising cathode material for zinc-ion batteries due to its high specific capacity and low cost.However,the extraction of NH^(+)_(4) at a high voltage du...Ammonium vanadate with bronze structure(NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10))is a promising cathode material for zinc-ion batteries due to its high specific capacity and low cost.However,the extraction of NH^(+)_(4) at a high voltage during charge/discharge processes leads to irreversible reaction and structure degradation.In this work,partial NH^(+)_(4) ions were pre-removed from NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10) through heat treatment;NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10) nanosheets were directly grown on carbon cloth through hydrothermal method.Defi-cient NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10)(denoted as NVO),with enlarged interlayer spacing,facilitated fast zinc ions transport and high storage capacity and ensured the highly reversible electrochemical reaction and the good stability of layered structure.The NVO nanosheets delivered a high specific capac-ity of 457 mAh g^(−1) at a current density of 100 mA g^(−1) and a capacity retention of 81%over 1000 cycles at 2 A g^(−1).The initial Coulombic efficiency of NVO could reach up to 97%compared to 85%of NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10) and maintain almost 100%during cycling,indicating the high reaction reversibility in NVO electrode.展开更多
The essential effect of vitamin A on immune function occurs through various mechanisms including direct effect on ThloTh2 balance modulation. However, it is unclear whether or not vitamin A can regulate Thl-Th2 balanc...The essential effect of vitamin A on immune function occurs through various mechanisms including direct effect on ThloTh2 balance modulation. However, it is unclear whether or not vitamin A can regulate Thl-Th2 balance under a strong Thl-polarizing condition. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to examine the effect of vitamin A metabolite allotrans retinoic acid （ATRA） on ThloTh2 differentiation in CD4~ T cells under GATA-3 deficiency, which can induce Thl-polarizing condition. In the present study, GATA-3 deficiency T cells were induced by siRNA and checked by real-time quantitative PCR and western blot. GATA-3 deficiency CD4＋ T cells and normal CD4＋ T were treated for 48 h with or without ATRA.展开更多
Coaxial Fe_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)nanotubes(Fe_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)NTs)were prepared by two anodic oxidation processes.The synthesized Fe_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)NTs catalysts showed high photocatalytic activity in heterogeneous photo-F...Coaxial Fe_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)nanotubes(Fe_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)NTs)were prepared by two anodic oxidation processes.The synthesized Fe_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)NTs catalysts showed high photocatalytic activity in heterogeneous photo-Fenton system.With the help of Fe_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)NTs,4-nitrophenol(10 mg·L^(-1),50 ml),a typical electron-deficient organic contaminant,can be completely removed by adding only0.4 mmol·L^(-1)of H_(2)O_(2)under irradiation.Investigation results clarify that the calculated position of Fe_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)NTs valence band is at 2.944 eV,its potential is higher than the potential of OH~-/·OH(2.800 eV),thereby ensuring the generation of·OH.Meanwhile,the transformation of photogenerated electrons from the conduction band of TiO_(2)to Fe_(2)O_(3)accelerates the reduction of Fe^(3+)to Fe^(2+).The unstable Fe^(2+)can be oxidized by H_(2)O_(2)to produce high yields of·OH.Therefore,both the coaxial heterojunction and fast Fe^(2+)/Fe^(3+)conversion provide abundant·OH to effective attack the electron-deficient benzene ring passivated by the nitro group.Thus,surface-catalyzed degradation of 4-nitrophenol can be carried out step by step.This work contributes a detailed understanding of charge transfer in semiconductor composites and degradation of organic contaminants.展开更多
Fluorine-doped hydroxyapatite(FHA) and calcium deficient hydroxyapatite(CDHA) were coated on the surface biodegradable magnesium alloy using electrochemical deposition(ED) technique. Coating characterization was inves...Fluorine-doped hydroxyapatite(FHA) and calcium deficient hydroxyapatite(CDHA) were coated on the surface biodegradable magnesium alloy using electrochemical deposition(ED) technique. Coating characterization was investigated X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), scanni electron microscopy(SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS). The result shows that nano-FHA coated samp presents nano needle-like structure, which is oriented perpendicular to the surface of the substrate with denser and more unifo layers compared to the nano-CDHA coated sample. The nano-FHA coating shows smaller crystallite size(65 nm) compared to t nano-CDHA coating(95 nm); however, CDHA presents thicker layer(19 μm in thickness) compared to the nano-FHA(15 μm thickness). The corrosion behaviour determined by polarization, immersion and hydrogen evolution tests indicates that the nano-FH and nano-CDHA coatings significantly decrease corrosion rate and induce passivation. The nano-FHA and nano-CDHA coatings c accelerate the formation of bone-like apatite layer and significantly decrease the dissolution rate as compared to the uncoated M alloy. The nano-FHA coating provides effective protection to Mg alloy and presents the highest corrosion resistance. Therefore, t nano-FHA coating on Mg alloy is suggested as a great candidate for orthopaedic applications.展开更多
An air and moisture stable ruthenium（Ⅲ） formate complex[Ru（HCO2）Cl2]n has been synthesized and examined in the epoxidation of substituted styrenes.X-ray crystallographic data of this complex were determined and s...An air and moisture stable ruthenium（Ⅲ） formate complex[Ru（HCO2）Cl2]n has been synthesized and examined in the epoxidation of substituted styrenes.X-ray crystallographic data of this complex were determined and showed that the formate ligand coordinates to the ruthenium centers in a μ~2-η~2 fashion（syn,syn）.Its asymmetric unit contains one Ru（Ⅲ） ion together with the half of a formate ligand and one chloride anion,which are bridged between the metal centers,forming a 1-D chain coordination polymer.This electron deficient helical coordination polymer was employed in the epoxidation of parafluorostyrene,affording the epoxide product in 92%yield.Natural chirality of this coordination polymer is applicable in asymmetric epoxidation reactions.展开更多
The modification of graphitic carbon nitride can significantly improve the photocatalytic performance of graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4)).Fe_(2)O_(3)/nitrogen-deficient g-C_(3)N_(4-x)composite catalysts were pre...The modification of graphitic carbon nitride can significantly improve the photocatalytic performance of graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4)).Fe_(2)O_(3)/nitrogen-deficient g-C_(3)N_(4-x)composite catalysts were prepared with dicyandiamide as the precursor and Fe3+doped in this study.The composite catalysts were characterized by XRD,SEM,FT-IR,XPS and photocurrent measurements.Close interaction occurred between Fe_(2)O_(3)and nitrogen deficient g-C_(3)N_(4-x),more photogenerated electrons were created and effectively separated from the holes,resulting in a decrease of photocarrier recombination,and thus enhancing the photocurrent.Photocatalytic performance experiments showed that Fe_(2)O_(3)/nitrogen deficient g-C_(3)N_(4-x)could utilize lowenergy visible light more efficiently than pure g-C_(3)N_(4),and the removal rate was 92%in 60 minutes.展开更多
BACKGROUND SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumors(SMARCA4-DUTs)present with diverse clinical manifestations and progress to metastasis and even cause death within a few months.This novel subset of undifferentiated ...BACKGROUND SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumors(SMARCA4-DUTs)present with diverse clinical manifestations and progress to metastasis and even cause death within a few months.This novel subset of undifferentiated tumors occurs in the middle-aged population and is strongly associated with a smoking history.Distin-guishing it from other malignancies is challenging.CASE SUMMARY A 62-year-old man presented with chest pain for 7 d.The patient had no respiratory symptoms and normal pulmonary function test results.The patient had been a smoker for 8 years and quit smoking 2 years ago.Chest computed tomography revealed a huge mass involving the left upper and lower lung lobes with pericardial invasion and multiple metastases.Tumor samples were obtained using open frozen biopsy,after several unsuccessful attempts.The tumor was composed of sheets of undifferentiated disclosive cells with vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli.The differential diagnosis included high-grade lymphoma,germ cell tumor,NUT carcinoma,undifferentiated carcinoma,and sarcoma.The tumor cells were large,arranged in sheets,and did not exhibit glandular or squamous differentiation.Frequent foci of necrosis were noted.There was no evidence of epithelial differentiation on immunohistochemical staining.The SMARCA4 stain showed complete loss of expression of SMARCA4,which is diagnostic.CONCLUSION In the present case,thoracic SMARCA4-DUT was diagnosed based on clinical features,absence of epithelial differentiation,and negative SMARCA4 expression.展开更多
Under suitable conditions on {X-n}, the author obtains the important results: it is almost sure that the random integral function f(w) = Sigma (infinity)(n=0) X(n)z(n) (of finite positive order) has no deficient funct...Under suitable conditions on {X-n}, the author obtains the important results: it is almost sure that the random integral function f(w) = Sigma (infinity)(n=0) X(n)z(n) (of finite positive order) has no deficient function, and any direction is a Borel direction (without finite exceptional value) of f(w).展开更多
Coffin–Lowry–Syndrome(CLS)is a X-linked mental retardation characterized by skeletal dysplasia and premature tooth loss.We and others have previously demonstrated that the ribosomal S6 kinase RSK2,mutated in CLS,is ...Coffin–Lowry–Syndrome(CLS)is a X-linked mental retardation characterized by skeletal dysplasia and premature tooth loss.We and others have previously demonstrated that the ribosomal S6 kinase RSK2,mutated in CLS,is essential for bone and cementum formation;however,it remains to be established whether RSK2 plays also a role in mechanically induced bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement(OTM).We,therefore,performed OTM in wild-type(WT)mice and Rsk2-deficient mice using Nitinol tension springs that were fixed between the upper left molars and the incisors.The untreated contralateral molars served as internal controls.After 12 days of OTM,the jaws were removed and examined by micro-computed tomography(μCT),decalcified histology,and immunohistochemistry.Our analysis of the untreated teeth confirmed that the periodontal phenotype of Rsk2-deficient mice is characterized by alveolar bone loss and hypoplasia of root cementum.Quantification of OTM usingμCT revealed that OTM was more than two-fold faster in Rsk2-deficient mice as compared to WT.We also observed that OTM caused alveolar bone loss and root resorptions in WT and Rsk2-deficient mice.However,quantification of these orthodontic side effects revealed no differences between WT and Rsk2-deficient mice.Taken together,Rsk2 loss-of-function accelerates OTM in mice without causing more side effects.展开更多
We investigated the effects of zinc deficiency on acute lung injury （ALI） induced by mechanical ventilation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with a zinc-deficient or zinc-proficient diet for 4 weeks, and then rece...We investigated the effects of zinc deficiency on acute lung injury （ALI） induced by mechanical ventilation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with a zinc-deficient or zinc-proficient diet for 4 weeks, and then received mechanical ventilation at normal frequency and pressure for 30 min. Total protein, cell count, the number of poly- morphonuclear neutrophil （PMN） in the bronchoalveolar lavage （BAL）, and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） expression in the lung were determined. Activation of nuclear factor-t^B （NF-~cB） was detected by exam- ining the phosphorylation of NF-kB （pNF-kB p65） and the expression of inhibitor of NF-kB （pI-kBa）. Compared to the controls, total cell count and the number of PMNs were significantly increased to 160% and 140%, respec- tively, in zinc-deficient rats treated with ventilation. Activation of NF-kB was significantly increased and VEGF was also increased to three-folds. Zinc deficiency aggravated the inflammatory response in rats and was associated with the overexpression of VEGF in response to mechanical ventilation. Zinc supplementation may be beneficial to zinc-deficient patients during mechanical ventilation.展开更多
The activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSSG-R),superoalde dismutase (SOD) and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and free radicals were measured, and the morphological changes wer...The activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSSG-R),superoalde dismutase (SOD) and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and free radicals were measured, and the morphological changes were observed in the lens of control rats, selenium-deficient (SeD) and/or vitamin E deficient (VED) rats. The activities of GSH-Px in the lens of SeD rats decreased significantly. The GSH-Px activities of lens were positively related to erythrocytes selenium level. There was a free radical at g = 2.0015 in the rat lens of all groupe, but the content of free radicals in the lens of SeD group was significantly higher than that of the control group. The free radical content of lens was negatively related to erythrocytes selenium level, as well as the GSH-Px activities in the lens. In vitro, ultraviolet radiation caused the generation of another kind of free radical (g = 2.0097) in the lens of all groups, but the amount of the free radical in the lens of the SeD group was also significantly higher than that of the control group. The activities of SoD and GSSG-R in VED rat lens were significantly decreased. The amount of MDA in the lens of SeD and/or VED rats were significantly increased. The results showed that the decrease of antioaldative capability in the lenses of SeD and/or VED rats accelerated the lipid peroxidation and generation of free radicals. Although only early morphological changes in SeD and/or VED rat lens were observed, it is considered that selenium and vitamin E deficiency may be involved in the occurrence of cataract展开更多
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the world which is resulted from complex interactions among multiple genetic and environmental factors （WHO）. Athero- sclerosis is a chronic in...Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the world which is resulted from complex interactions among multiple genetic and environmental factors （WHO）. Athero- sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by accumulation of lipids in the arterial wall （Gofman and Lindgren, 1950）. Tremendous clinical and experimental efforts have been made to reveal the pathogenesis of the disease. Nevertheless, the mechanism of atherosclerosis is still unclear. A suitable animal model to study metabolic disorders and subsequent atherosclerosis is a necessity. The traditional method by feeding high fat diet to establish animal models of atherosclerosis disease is time- consuming and laborious, and in many circumstances, the pheno- types are not consistent among the individual models.展开更多
文摘This study presents a detailed investigation of the microstructure of the oxygen-deficient perovskite material Ca2FeGaO6-δ using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The material exhibits significant porosity and irregular grain morphology, with variations in grain size and growth. Unlike conventional perovskite structures, Ca2FeGaO6-δ shows non-uniform grain development, which can be attributed to the presence of oxygen vacancies (δ). SEM analysis reveals that the irregularities in grain size and shape, coupled with the porous nature of the material, are likely to influence its functional properties. These findings provide valuable insights into the structural features of Ca2FeGaO6-δ, offering a foundation for understanding its potential applications in catalysis, sensors, and other technologies. The study highlights the critical role of microstructural characteristics in determining the material’s performance.
文摘AIM:To compare the Ishihara test errors scores of colour vision deficiency(CVD)subjects when wearing four different types of red-tinted contact lenses(RCL)that differ in their transmittance as determined using a spectrophotometer.METHODS:Six congenital CVD subjects volunteered to participate in this study.Ishihara plates were used to determine the colour vision errors made,whereas Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue test was conducted to determine the total error scores(TES)and type of CVD.Four types of RCL(Types A,B,C and D)were inserted in the non-dominant eye and tested in a randomised manner by a masked operator.Errors scores in Ishihara test were determined at baseline without any contact lens and after wearing the four different RCL.The subjects were then divided into two groups based on the mean TES.RESULTS:Repeated measures ANOVA with Greenhouse-Geisser corrections showed that there was a highly significant effect of RCL type on Ishihara error score[F(2.056,10.282)=30.214,P<0.001].Error scores with RCL Type B were significantly lower than errors made when no lens was worn,and with RCL Type C and Type D(all P<0.001).Error scores with RCL Type B were also lower than those made with RCL Type A,however,they were not significantly different.For subjects with TES values less than 180,RCL type B showed the largest improvement in Ishihara error score(50%)compared to the other three RCLs.RCL type A showed the best performance in TES value of more than 180,with an improvement of 80%in Ishihara score.RCL Type A has the lowest transmittance at the confusion wavelength(450-568 nm),followed by RCL Types B,D and C.CONCLUSION:This study shows that RCL can improve Ishihara error scores.RCL with lower transmission at 450-568 nm and 90%transmittance beyond 637 nm are the most effective.Lenses which could block more light between 550-580 nm are more effective for colour defectives with more severe colour defects.
文摘BACKGROUND SMARCA4 is a component of chromatin remodeling of SWItch/sucrose-nonfermenting(SWI/SNF)complexes and plays an essential role in oncogenesis.SMARCA4-deficient malignancies arising from the gastrointestinal tract are rare and have a poor prognosis.There is no standard treatment for advanced and undifferentiated SMARCA4-deficient duodenal malignancies.Programmed death 1(PD-1)antibodies,known as immune checkpoint inhibitor antibodies,potentially play a role in treating gastrointestinal tract malignancies.CASE SUMMARY We present two patients with SMARCA4 deficiency and TP53 gene mutation in advanced undifferentiated carcinomas of the duodenum.For both patients,SMARCA4 deficiency was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining for the BRG1 protein,while TP53 gene mutations were observed via next-generation sequencing.Both patients were administered chemotherapy in combination with an anti-PD-1 antibody.The two patients exhibited completely different responses to treatment and had different prognoses.Case 1 experienced rapid progression after PD-1 infusion and chemotherapy,case 2 experienced a remarkable response after treatment,and the progression-free survival was more than 6 months.CONCLUSION This study described our clinical and pathological observations of SMARCA4-deficient advanced undifferentiated carcinoma of the duodenum.PD-1 combined with chemotherapy showed a certain efficacy in select patients,providing options for treating these highly malignant tumors.Patients with liver metastases had a worse prognosis than did those with only lymph node metastasis.
文摘By incubating the reduced MoFe protein from Azotobacter vinelandii with O phenanthroline under air and chromatographying the incubated solution on Sephadex G 25 column, inactive MoFe protein could be obtained. Its acetylene reduction activity was remarkably recovered not only by incubation with the reconstituent solution composed of KMnO 4,ferric homocitrate, Na 2S and dithiothreitol,Azotobacter vinelandii with O phenanthroline under air and chromatographying the incubated solution on Sephadex G 25 column, inactive MoFe protein could be obtained. Its acetylene reduction activity was remarkably recovered not only by incubation with the reconstituent solution composed of KMnO 4,ferric homocitrate, Na 2S and dithiothreitol, with O phenanthroline under air and chromatographying the incubated solution on Sephadex G 25 column, inactive MoFe protein could be obtained. Its acetylene reduction activity was remarkably recovered not only by incubation with the reconstituent solution composed of KMnO 4,ferric homocitrate, Na 2S and dithiothreitol, but also with a mixture of 4Fe∶4S clusters and another cluster which had two structure units of 1Mo∶3Fe∶4S bridged by three -OCH 3- at the Mo atoms. Neither the reconstituent solution nor the mixture could reactivate apo MoFe proteins from the mutants deleting nifE and nifH genes and from the mutant UW 45 , which could be reactivated by the FeMoco extracted from the MoFe protein. The results indicated that the FeMoco deficient MoFe proteins from these mutants seemed to be reconstituted only by the clusters which were probably structures only similar to FeMoco. The partially metallocluster deficient MoFe protein could be reconstituted by the clusters with a certain kind of structure and composition; and was changed into different nitrogenase proteins with the ability to fix nitrogen.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81330011,No.81790631,and No.81790633the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81721091the National Basic Research Program of China(973 program),No.2013CB531401
文摘AIM To investigate changes in gut microbiota and metabolism during nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) development in mice fed a methionine-choline-deficient(MCD) diet. METHODS Twenty-four male C57 BL/6 J mice were equally divided into four groups and fed a methionine-choline-sufficient diet for 2 wk(Control 2 w group,n = 6) or 4 wk(Control 4 w group,n = 6) or the MCD diet for 2 wk(MCD 2 w group,n = 6) or 4 wk(MCD 4 w group,n = 6). Liver injury,fibrosis,and intestinal barrier function were evaluated after 2 and 4 wk of feeding. The fecal microbiome and metabolome were studied using 16 s r RNA deep sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS The mice fed the MCD diet presented with simple hepatic steatosis and slight intestinal barrier deterioration after 2 wk. After 4 wk of feeding with the MCD diet,however,the mice developed prominent NASH with liver fibrosis,and the intestinal barrier was more impaired. Compared with the control diet,the MCD diet induced gradual gut microbiota dysbiosis,as evidenced by a marked decrease in the abundance of Alistipes and the(Eubacterium) coprostanoligenes group(P < 0.001 and P < 0.05,respectively) and a significant increase in Ruminococcaceae UCG 014 abundance(P < 0.05) after 2 wk. At 4 wk,the MCD diet significantly reduced the promising probiotic Bifidobacterium levels and markedly promoted Bacteroides abundance(P < 0.05,and P < 0.01,respectively). The fecal metabolomic profile was also substantially altered by the MCD diet: At 2 wk,arachidic acid,hexadecane,palmitic acid,and tetracosane were selected as potential biomarkers that were significantly different in the corresponding control group,and at 4 wk,cholic acid,cholesterol,arachidic acid,tetracosane,and stearic acid were selected. CONCLUSION The MCD diet induced persistent alterations in the gut microbiota and metabolome.
文摘A novel Ti-doped M-site deficient olivine LiFePO4, i.e. Li0.95Fe0.95Ti0.05PO4, was synthesized by a solid-state reaction method. XRD and VTR were used to characterize the as-prepared samples. As a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries, Li0.95Fe0.95Ti0.05PO4 exhibited improved rate capability.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31772368,31572176,and 31521092)the National Modern Agriculture(Citrus)Technology Systems of China(No.CARS-27)the National Science&Technology Pillar Program of China(2015BAD16B06).
文摘Naturally,resistant crop germplasms are important resources for managing the issues of agricultural product safety and environment deterioration.We found a spontaneous mutant of‘Newhall’navel orange(Citrus sinensis Osbeck)(MT)with broad-spectrum protections against fungal pathogens in the orchard,postharvest-storage,and artificial inoculation conditions.To understand the defense mechanism of MT fruit,we constructed a genome-scale metabolic network that integrated metabolome and transcriptome datasets.The coordinated transcriptomic and metabolic data were enriched in two sub-networks,showing the decrease in very long chain fatty acid(by 41.53%)and cuticular wax synthesis(by 81.34%),and increase in the synthesis of jasmonic acid(JA)(by 95.23%)and JA-induced metabolites such as 5-dimethylnobietin(by 28.37%)in MT.Furthermore,cytological and biochemical analyses confirmed that the response to fungal infection in MT was independent of wax deficiency and was correlated with the levels of jasmonates,and the expression of plant defensin gene PDF1.2.Results of exogenous application of MeJA and JA inhibitors such as propyl gallate proved that JA-mediated defense contributes to the strong tolerance against pathogens in MT.Our results indicated that jasmonate biosynthesis and signaling are stimulated by the fatty acid redirection of MT,and participate in the tolerance of pathogenic fungi.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51966003)Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education(YCBZ2020065)Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province(2018GXNSFDA050004)。
文摘Novel black oxygen deficient bismuth oxide(Bi_(2)O_(3)-Bi_(2)O_(3-x))photocatalytic material was successfully prepared by a two zone temperature controlled muffle furnace method.The lanthanum,cerium and erbium ions are successfully doped into Bi_(2)O_(3)-Bi_(2)O_(3-x) with the average contents of 10.77 wt%,7.62 wt%and 8,14 wt%,respectively.The re sults show that a large number of oxygen vacancies exist in Bi_(2)O_(3)-Bi_(2)O_(3-x).La^(3+)Ce^(3+)and Er^(3+)act as electron acceptors to temporarily trap the photo-generated electrons.The XPS spectrum show Bi-O band in Bi_(2)O_(3)-Bi_(2)O_(3-x) and the O 1s peak of Ce/Bi_(2)O_(3)-Bi_(2)O_(3-x) move toward the direction of low binding energy.These phenomena fully prove that the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs will be more effectual,so as to reduce the possibility of charge carrier recombination.The radical scavenging experiments and electron spin resonance detections confirm that the conduction band of the original Bi_(2)O_(3)can easily receive photogenerated electrons,while the valence band of the modified Bi_(2)O_(3)-Bi_(2)O_(3-x) tends to accept photogenerated holes and then forms the circulation system.Therefore,Ce/Bi_(2)O_(3)-Bi_(2)O_(3-x) can degrade tetracycline hydrochloride up to 90.15%.This research provides some new insights into developing green and recyclable photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotic contamination.
基金This work was supported by the National Science Foundation(CBET-1803256)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51772267)+3 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2016YFB0401501)the Key R&D Program of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.2020C01004)The author acknowledges the financial support from China Scholarship Council(No.201906320198)2019 Zhejiang University Academic Award for Outstanding Doctoral Candidates.
文摘Ammonium vanadate with bronze structure(NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10))is a promising cathode material for zinc-ion batteries due to its high specific capacity and low cost.However,the extraction of NH^(+)_(4) at a high voltage during charge/discharge processes leads to irreversible reaction and structure degradation.In this work,partial NH^(+)_(4) ions were pre-removed from NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10) through heat treatment;NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10) nanosheets were directly grown on carbon cloth through hydrothermal method.Defi-cient NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10)(denoted as NVO),with enlarged interlayer spacing,facilitated fast zinc ions transport and high storage capacity and ensured the highly reversible electrochemical reaction and the good stability of layered structure.The NVO nanosheets delivered a high specific capac-ity of 457 mAh g^(−1) at a current density of 100 mA g^(−1) and a capacity retention of 81%over 1000 cycles at 2 A g^(−1).The initial Coulombic efficiency of NVO could reach up to 97%compared to 85%of NH_(4)V_(4)O_(10) and maintain almost 100%during cycling,indicating the high reaction reversibility in NVO electrode.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30671761)
文摘The essential effect of vitamin A on immune function occurs through various mechanisms including direct effect on ThloTh2 balance modulation. However, it is unclear whether or not vitamin A can regulate Thl-Th2 balance under a strong Thl-polarizing condition. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to examine the effect of vitamin A metabolite allotrans retinoic acid （ATRA） on ThloTh2 differentiation in CD4~ T cells under GATA-3 deficiency, which can induce Thl-polarizing condition. In the present study, GATA-3 deficiency T cells were induced by siRNA and checked by real-time quantitative PCR and western blot. GATA-3 deficiency CD4＋ T cells and normal CD4＋ T were treated for 48 h with or without ATRA.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51868051 and51608175)the Science and Technology Innovation Talent Support Program of Henan Province(No.20HASTIT016)the Key Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province(No.202102310605)。
文摘Coaxial Fe_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)nanotubes(Fe_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)NTs)were prepared by two anodic oxidation processes.The synthesized Fe_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)NTs catalysts showed high photocatalytic activity in heterogeneous photo-Fenton system.With the help of Fe_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)NTs,4-nitrophenol(10 mg·L^(-1),50 ml),a typical electron-deficient organic contaminant,can be completely removed by adding only0.4 mmol·L^(-1)of H_(2)O_(2)under irradiation.Investigation results clarify that the calculated position of Fe_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)NTs valence band is at 2.944 eV,its potential is higher than the potential of OH~-/·OH(2.800 eV),thereby ensuring the generation of·OH.Meanwhile,the transformation of photogenerated electrons from the conduction band of TiO_(2)to Fe_(2)O_(3)accelerates the reduction of Fe^(3+)to Fe^(2+).The unstable Fe^(2+)can be oxidized by H_(2)O_(2)to produce high yields of·OH.Therefore,both the coaxial heterojunction and fast Fe^(2+)/Fe^(3+)conversion provide abundant·OH to effective attack the electron-deficient benzene ring passivated by the nitro group.Thus,surface-catalyzed degradation of 4-nitrophenol can be carried out step by step.This work contributes a detailed understanding of charge transfer in semiconductor composites and degradation of organic contaminants.
文摘Fluorine-doped hydroxyapatite(FHA) and calcium deficient hydroxyapatite(CDHA) were coated on the surface biodegradable magnesium alloy using electrochemical deposition(ED) technique. Coating characterization was investigated X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), scanni electron microscopy(SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS). The result shows that nano-FHA coated samp presents nano needle-like structure, which is oriented perpendicular to the surface of the substrate with denser and more unifo layers compared to the nano-CDHA coated sample. The nano-FHA coating shows smaller crystallite size(65 nm) compared to t nano-CDHA coating(95 nm); however, CDHA presents thicker layer(19 μm in thickness) compared to the nano-FHA(15 μm thickness). The corrosion behaviour determined by polarization, immersion and hydrogen evolution tests indicates that the nano-FH and nano-CDHA coatings significantly decrease corrosion rate and induce passivation. The nano-FHA and nano-CDHA coatings c accelerate the formation of bone-like apatite layer and significantly decrease the dissolution rate as compared to the uncoated M alloy. The nano-FHA coating provides effective protection to Mg alloy and presents the highest corrosion resistance. Therefore, t nano-FHA coating on Mg alloy is suggested as a great candidate for orthopaedic applications.
文摘An air and moisture stable ruthenium（Ⅲ） formate complex[Ru（HCO2）Cl2]n has been synthesized and examined in the epoxidation of substituted styrenes.X-ray crystallographic data of this complex were determined and showed that the formate ligand coordinates to the ruthenium centers in a μ~2-η~2 fashion（syn,syn）.Its asymmetric unit contains one Ru（Ⅲ） ion together with the half of a formate ligand and one chloride anion,which are bridged between the metal centers,forming a 1-D chain coordination polymer.This electron deficient helical coordination polymer was employed in the epoxidation of parafluorostyrene,affording the epoxide product in 92%yield.Natural chirality of this coordination polymer is applicable in asymmetric epoxidation reactions.
基金Supported by the Fuling Shale Gas Environmental Exploration Technology of National Science and Technology Special Project(No.2016ZX05060)the Demonstration of Integrated Management of Rocky Desertification and Enhancement of Ecological Service Function in Karst Peak-cluster Depression(No.2016YFC0502400)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51709254)
文摘The modification of graphitic carbon nitride can significantly improve the photocatalytic performance of graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4)).Fe_(2)O_(3)/nitrogen-deficient g-C_(3)N_(4-x)composite catalysts were prepared with dicyandiamide as the precursor and Fe3+doped in this study.The composite catalysts were characterized by XRD,SEM,FT-IR,XPS and photocurrent measurements.Close interaction occurred between Fe_(2)O_(3)and nitrogen deficient g-C_(3)N_(4-x),more photogenerated electrons were created and effectively separated from the holes,resulting in a decrease of photocarrier recombination,and thus enhancing the photocurrent.Photocatalytic performance experiments showed that Fe_(2)O_(3)/nitrogen deficient g-C_(3)N_(4-x)could utilize lowenergy visible light more efficiently than pure g-C_(3)N_(4),and the removal rate was 92%in 60 minutes.
基金Supported by a grant from Yeungnam University,No.222A580017.
文摘BACKGROUND SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumors(SMARCA4-DUTs)present with diverse clinical manifestations and progress to metastasis and even cause death within a few months.This novel subset of undifferentiated tumors occurs in the middle-aged population and is strongly associated with a smoking history.Distin-guishing it from other malignancies is challenging.CASE SUMMARY A 62-year-old man presented with chest pain for 7 d.The patient had no respiratory symptoms and normal pulmonary function test results.The patient had been a smoker for 8 years and quit smoking 2 years ago.Chest computed tomography revealed a huge mass involving the left upper and lower lung lobes with pericardial invasion and multiple metastases.Tumor samples were obtained using open frozen biopsy,after several unsuccessful attempts.The tumor was composed of sheets of undifferentiated disclosive cells with vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli.The differential diagnosis included high-grade lymphoma,germ cell tumor,NUT carcinoma,undifferentiated carcinoma,and sarcoma.The tumor cells were large,arranged in sheets,and did not exhibit glandular or squamous differentiation.Frequent foci of necrosis were noted.There was no evidence of epithelial differentiation on immunohistochemical staining.The SMARCA4 stain showed complete loss of expression of SMARCA4,which is diagnostic.CONCLUSION In the present case,thoracic SMARCA4-DUT was diagnosed based on clinical features,absence of epithelial differentiation,and negative SMARCA4 expression.
文摘Under suitable conditions on {X-n}, the author obtains the important results: it is almost sure that the random integral function f(w) = Sigma (infinity)(n=0) X(n)z(n) (of finite positive order) has no deficient function, and any direction is a Borel direction (without finite exceptional value) of f(w).
文摘Coffin–Lowry–Syndrome(CLS)is a X-linked mental retardation characterized by skeletal dysplasia and premature tooth loss.We and others have previously demonstrated that the ribosomal S6 kinase RSK2,mutated in CLS,is essential for bone and cementum formation;however,it remains to be established whether RSK2 plays also a role in mechanically induced bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement(OTM).We,therefore,performed OTM in wild-type(WT)mice and Rsk2-deficient mice using Nitinol tension springs that were fixed between the upper left molars and the incisors.The untreated contralateral molars served as internal controls.After 12 days of OTM,the jaws were removed and examined by micro-computed tomography(μCT),decalcified histology,and immunohistochemistry.Our analysis of the untreated teeth confirmed that the periodontal phenotype of Rsk2-deficient mice is characterized by alveolar bone loss and hypoplasia of root cementum.Quantification of OTM usingμCT revealed that OTM was more than two-fold faster in Rsk2-deficient mice as compared to WT.We also observed that OTM caused alveolar bone loss and root resorptions in WT and Rsk2-deficient mice.However,quantification of these orthodontic side effects revealed no differences between WT and Rsk2-deficient mice.Taken together,Rsk2 loss-of-function accelerates OTM in mice without causing more side effects.
文摘We investigated the effects of zinc deficiency on acute lung injury （ALI） induced by mechanical ventilation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with a zinc-deficient or zinc-proficient diet for 4 weeks, and then received mechanical ventilation at normal frequency and pressure for 30 min. Total protein, cell count, the number of poly- morphonuclear neutrophil （PMN） in the bronchoalveolar lavage （BAL）, and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） expression in the lung were determined. Activation of nuclear factor-t^B （NF-~cB） was detected by exam- ining the phosphorylation of NF-kB （pNF-kB p65） and the expression of inhibitor of NF-kB （pI-kBa）. Compared to the controls, total cell count and the number of PMNs were significantly increased to 160% and 140%, respec- tively, in zinc-deficient rats treated with ventilation. Activation of NF-kB was significantly increased and VEGF was also increased to three-folds. Zinc deficiency aggravated the inflammatory response in rats and was associated with the overexpression of VEGF in response to mechanical ventilation. Zinc supplementation may be beneficial to zinc-deficient patients during mechanical ventilation.
文摘The activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSSG-R),superoalde dismutase (SOD) and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and free radicals were measured, and the morphological changes were observed in the lens of control rats, selenium-deficient (SeD) and/or vitamin E deficient (VED) rats. The activities of GSH-Px in the lens of SeD rats decreased significantly. The GSH-Px activities of lens were positively related to erythrocytes selenium level. There was a free radical at g = 2.0015 in the rat lens of all groupe, but the content of free radicals in the lens of SeD group was significantly higher than that of the control group. The free radical content of lens was negatively related to erythrocytes selenium level, as well as the GSH-Px activities in the lens. In vitro, ultraviolet radiation caused the generation of another kind of free radical (g = 2.0097) in the lens of all groups, but the amount of the free radical in the lens of the SeD group was also significantly higher than that of the control group. The activities of SoD and GSSG-R in VED rat lens were significantly decreased. The amount of MDA in the lens of SeD and/or VED rats were significantly increased. The results showed that the decrease of antioaldative capability in the lenses of SeD and/or VED rats accelerated the lipid peroxidation and generation of free radicals. Although only early morphological changes in SeD and/or VED rat lens were observed, it is considered that selenium and vitamin E deficiency may be involved in the occurrence of cataract
文摘Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the world which is resulted from complex interactions among multiple genetic and environmental factors （WHO）. Athero- sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by accumulation of lipids in the arterial wall （Gofman and Lindgren, 1950）. Tremendous clinical and experimental efforts have been made to reveal the pathogenesis of the disease. Nevertheless, the mechanism of atherosclerosis is still unclear. A suitable animal model to study metabolic disorders and subsequent atherosclerosis is a necessity. The traditional method by feeding high fat diet to establish animal models of atherosclerosis disease is time- consuming and laborious, and in many circumstances, the pheno- types are not consistent among the individual models.
