In this research,a new method based on the hyperspectral imaging for searching the best decocting time of sun dried ginseng is reported.The spectral images at diferent decocting time of test sample have been taken by ...In this research,a new method based on the hyperspectral imaging for searching the best decocting time of sun dried ginseng is reported.The spectral images at diferent decocting time of test sample have been taken by the st aring hyperspectral fAuorescence imaging systen and the solubility of active ingredients have been discussed by analyzing the changes on the spectral.curves.The spectr al range of the system is 400-720nm and the spectral resolution is 5nm.In the decocting process,the active ingredients of nonsoaked ginseng was dissolved in the tissue fluid at first,and reached equilibrium condition at last after the precipitation-dissolution reciprocating process of boiling.At last,the experiment al results show that the best decoction time of sun dried ginseng is about 60 min after boiling.展开更多
Decoction of Kampo medicines plays an important role in clinical practice, especially in individualized treatment, while the inconvenience and a long time requirement of the decocting process are impediments to its wi...Decoction of Kampo medicines plays an important role in clinical practice, especially in individualized treatment, while the inconvenience and a long time requirement of the decocting process are impediments to its widespread use in Japan. In this study, we improved the decocting method by using a microwave oven such as those found in most kitchens. To validate the feasibility and safety of this new method, we decocted kakkonto, which is the most widely used formula in clinical treatment in Japan, and keishikabushito, which contains toxic components using a microwave oven. Regarding the contents of 8 characteristic components in the kakkonto decoction and the contents of 6 toxic components in the keishikabushito decoction as indices, and with the extraction and detoxification effects equal to those of the conventional decocting method as targets, we optimized the decocting conditions with Response Surface Methods. With this new method, it took 35 min to obtain almost the same extraction effect for kakkonto as with the conventional decocting method, which takes 40 min;meanwhile, it took only 45 min to detoxify keishikabushito, which takes 60 min using the conventional decocting method. Decocting Kampo medicines with a microwave oven is feasible and as safe as the conventional decocting method. It is a convenient, safe, time-saving method, and may be applied widely in clinical practice. This innovation should allow more patients to benefit from decoction and the individualized treatment it offers.展开更多
Astragalus is an important traditional Chinese herb that has therapeutic potential in the treatment of diseases. In this study, the dissolution of metallic elements during the material decoction process was investigat...Astragalus is an important traditional Chinese herb that has therapeutic potential in the treatment of diseases. In this study, the dissolution of metallic elements during the material decoction process was investigated using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS). The Ca, Mg, Al, and Fe in the drug residues, liquid, and vapor were selected for the study of the transfer of elements after different decocting times. It was found that the intensities of the spectral lines for these elements in the drug liquid increased with increasing decocting times.The contrast trend was observed in the residues and only calcium was detected in the vapor.Furthermore, the relative mass concentrations of Ca, Mg, Al, and Fe in the liquid were quantitatively determined by a combination of the standard addition method and calibrationfree-LIBS method by adding the standard concentration solution of Cu and Cd elements into the drug liquids, it can be found that the maximum error between Cd concentration calculated by internal CF-LIBS and the standard is within 10%. This provides a new method of achieving the on-line monitoring and analysis of metallic elements in the production of traditional Chinese medicines.展开更多
Background:Parkinson’s disease(PD)is one of the most common movement disorders worldwide.Ziyin Xifeng Decoction(ZYXFD),a traditional Chinese medicine compound formula,has shown therapeutic efficacy in treating PD,but...Background:Parkinson’s disease(PD)is one of the most common movement disorders worldwide.Ziyin Xifeng Decoction(ZYXFD),a traditional Chinese medicine compound formula,has shown therapeutic efficacy in treating PD,but its specific mechanisms of action have not been fully elucidated.Methods:Firstly,we employed network pharmacology and untargeted metabolomics analysis to identify the core targets,pathways,and key metabolites of ZYXFD in the treatment of PD.Subsequently,we evaluated the protective effects of ZYXFD and further investigated its anti-PD mechanisms by validating the analytical results.Results:Combined analyses of network pharmacology and metabolomics identify the core targets including EGFR,SRC,PTGS2,and CDK2,while the effects of ZYXFD against PD are likely mediated primarily through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.Pharmacodynamic evaluation demonstrated that a high dose of ZYXFD significantly improved behavioral deficits in chronic PD mice,downregulatedα-synuclein protein expression,and protected dopaminergic neurons.It also regulated the expression of core targets,inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway,promoted autophagy,and reduced apoptosis.In vitro experiments further verified that the therapeutic effect of ZYXFD on PD is dependent on autophagy regulation.Conclusion:The findings demonstrated that ZYXFD alleviates PD by modulating related proteins and metabolites,inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway,and enhancing autophagy.This provides a theoretical basis for its broader application in PD treatment.展开更多
This study explored the therapeutic targets and molecular mechanisms of Huangqi Guizhi Decoction (HGD) in alleviatingpulmonary embolism (PE) by employing network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques. Firstly,...This study explored the therapeutic targets and molecular mechanisms of Huangqi Guizhi Decoction (HGD) in alleviatingpulmonary embolism (PE) by employing network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques. Firstly, the effective activecomponents of the Chinese herbs in HGD were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database(TCMSP), and their potential therapeutic targets were predicted using the Swiss Target Prediction platform. Subsequently, PErelatedtarget genes were obtained from the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database and GeneCards database.Then, the Wei Sheng Xin tool was used to generate a Venn diagram for identifying the common targets between the herb-relatedtargets and PE-related targets. After screening these common targets, a “drug-component-target network” and a protein-proteininteraction (PPI) network were constructed. Furthermore, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia ofGenes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were conducted on the intersecting targets, and molecular docking verificationwas performed using AutoDockTools and PyMol software. Finally, 20 active components were screened from Astragali Radix, 7from Cinnamomi Ramulus, 13 from Paeoniae Radix Alba, 5 from Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, and 29 from Jujubae Fructus, witha total of 983 therapeutic targets. Among these targets, 134 were associated with PE, and protein kinase B1 (AKT1), mitogenactivatedprotein kinase 1 (MAPK1), and transformation-related protein 53 (TP53) served as the core targets. The results of GOand KEGG enrichment analyses indicated that the alleviation of PE by HGD is mainly related to pathways including immuneresponse, regulation of gene expression, atherosclerosis, and tumorigenesis. Molecular docking results showed that the keyactive components in HGD could bind to the core targets spontaneously and stably. This study revealed that HGD may alleviatesymptoms in PE patients by regulating signaling pathways, modulating platelet function to exert anticoagulant effects, andregulating the expression of anti-inflammatory genes, which provided a direction for subsequent experimental research.展开更多
Taohong Siwu Decoction(THSWD), a traditional Chinese medicinal formulation, has been demonstrated to significantly modulate key signaling pathways implicated in atherosclerosis(AS). This review examines the complex me...Taohong Siwu Decoction(THSWD), a traditional Chinese medicinal formulation, has been demonstrated to significantly modulate key signaling pathways implicated in atherosclerosis(AS). This review examines the complex mechanisms through which THSWD influences critical pathways, including nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/serine-threonine kinase(AKT), Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4), mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK), and mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR), that play pivotal roles in AS pathogenesis. By synthesizing experimental evidence and existing literature, the review summarizes how THSWD and its bioactive constituents regulate these signaling cascades to ameliorate AS. Furthermore, it highlights the distinctive therapeutic advantages of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) compounds in managing chronic diseases driven by multi-target and multifactorial mechanisms. Analyzing disease targets from the perspective of signaling pathways enhances the scientific validation of clinical efficacy for such formulations, thereby offering novel insights for future research.展开更多
Objective To investigate the microbial mechanisms of Banxia Xiexin Decoction(半夏泻心汤,BXXXD)in the treatment of esophageal precancerous lesions.Methods A total of 30 specific pathogen-free(SPF)grade female C57BL/6J ...Objective To investigate the microbial mechanisms of Banxia Xiexin Decoction(半夏泻心汤,BXXXD)in the treatment of esophageal precancerous lesions.Methods A total of 30 specific pathogen-free(SPF)grade female C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to a control group(n=6)and a 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide(4-NQO)-exposed group(n=24).Esophageal precancerous lesions were induced by providing the 4-NQO-exposed group with 4-NQO in drinking water(100μg/mL)for 17 consecutive weeks,whereas control group received sterile drinking water.After model establishment,the mice in 4-NQOexposed group were further randomized into model group and three BXXXD-treated groups:low-dose(BXXXD-L,3.7 g/kg),medium-dose(BXXXD-M,7.4 g/kg),and high-dose(BXXXDH,14.8 g/kg)groups(n=6 per group).During the subsequent intervention period,mice in control and model groups were gavaged with sterile water,while mice in BXXXD groups were gavaged once daily with the corresponding dose of BXXXD aqueous extract for 4 weeks.Histopathological changes in esophageal tissues were observed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining.The fecal and esophageal microbiota were profiled via 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing to evaluate bacterial diversity,community structure,and co-occurrence networks.BXXXD chemical fingerprints were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole QExactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry(UHPLCQE-MS).Serum short-chain fatty acids(SCFA)level was quantified by targeted metabolomics using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Transcriptomic analysis of esophageal tissues was performed to assess gene expression profiles.Results Compared with model group,BXXXD-M group exhibited reduced mucosal hyperplasia and more orderly epithelial cell arrangement,with superior therapeutic effects in comparison with both BXXXD-L and BXXXD-H groups(P<0.01).Microbiota analysis revealed that BXXXD increased the abundance of beneficial Enterococcus and reduced pathogenic Escherichia-Shigella in the esophagus.In the gut,BXXXD elevated the relative abundance of beneficial taxa,including Lactobacillus,Dubosiella,Bacteroides,and Faecalibacterium.Targeted metabolomics showed that BXXXD significantly reduced total serum SCFA level(P<0.01).Transcriptomic analysis indicated that BXXXD downregulated the expression of genes associated with the progression,migration,and invasion of esophageal cancer,which were identified as kallikrein-related peptidase 6(Klk6),defensin beta 4(Defb4),family with sequence similarity 3 member B(Fam3b),carboxypeptidase A4(Cpa4),serum amyloid A1(Saa1),and chitinase-like 1(Chil1)(P<0.05).Conclusion BXXXD may reduce the expression levels of esophageal cancer-related genes and improve esophageal precancerous lesions through modulation of the gut microbiota and metabolites.展开更多
Ganmai Dazao Decoction,originating from“Jin Gui Yao Lue”(Synopsis of the Golden Chamber),is a classical prescription for treating visceral agitation.Composed of three medicinal and edible substances-licorice(Gancao)...Ganmai Dazao Decoction,originating from“Jin Gui Yao Lue”(Synopsis of the Golden Chamber),is a classical prescription for treating visceral agitation.Composed of three medicinal and edible substances-licorice(Gancao),wheat(Xiaomai),and jujube(Dazao),it functions to nourish the heart and calm the mind,harmonize the middle burner and regulate Qi,and alleviate urgency and restlessness.As its clinical application has expanded from traditional emotional disorders to neurological,endocrine,and various psychosomatic diseases,establishing a scientifically precise quality control system and deeply elucidating its pharmacodynamic material basis and mechanism of action have become critical tasks.Modern analytical methods,typified by chromatography,spectroscopy,and their hyphenated techniques,with their high sensitivity,high resolution,and powerful substance characterization capabilities,have become the core driving force for standardizing the quality control and modernizing the clinical application research of this formula.This paper systematically reviews the progress of the aforementioned analytical techniques and chemometrics in interpreting the chemical composition,establishing fingerprint profiles,controlling process quality,and researching the pharmacodynamic material basis of Ganmai Dazao Decoction.Furthermore,it discusses integrated approaches combining analytical techniques with pharmacology and clinical medicine to reveal mechanisms of action and explore therapeutic biomarkers.Finally,it provides an outlook on future directions and challenges,including technological integration and innovation,standardization of whole-process quality control systems,and evidence-based research aimed at internationalization.展开更多
BACKGROUND Chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG)is a clinically refractory gastric disease often characterized by high recurrence rates and adverse drug reactions.Anwei decoction(AWD),a traditional Chinese medicine formula,...BACKGROUND Chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG)is a clinically refractory gastric disease often characterized by high recurrence rates and adverse drug reactions.Anwei decoction(AWD),a traditional Chinese medicine formula,has been shown to significantly improve clinical symptoms in patients with CAG,as demonstrated by a multicenter cohort study(overall effective rate:82.5%,P<0.01).However,the unclear molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets of AWD limit its international acceptance.AIM To investigate the therapeutic mechanisms of AWD against CAG from an integrated perspective.METHODS In this study,N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine was used to establish a CAG rat model.Serum-derived constituents transferred from AWD were first identified using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry.The concentrations of inflammatory cytokines in serum samples were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Moreover,gastric mucosal tissues were analyzed by quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction to measure messenger RNA(mRNA)levels of the NLRP3 inflammasome.Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of NLRP3,caspase-1,and interleukin(IL)-1β.To elucidate the regulatory mechanisms underlying AWD treatment,structural alterations of the gut microbiota(GM)and associated metabolites were analyzed using integrated high-throughput sequencing(16S rRNA)and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry based untargeted metabolomics.This comprehensive approach systematically clarified AWD’s multi-target therapeutic mechanisms against CAG.RESULTS AWD notably reduced serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines,such as IL-1β,IL-18,tumor necrosis factor-α,and lipopolysaccharide,demonstrating significant statistical differences(all P<0.01).Additionally,AWD substantially inhibited NLRP3 mRNA expression in gastric mucosal tissue(P<0.01)and concurrently decreased the protein abundance of NLRP3,IL-1β,and caspase-1(all P<0.01),thereby suppressing inflammasome signaling activation.GM analysis indicated that AWD intervention significantly increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria.Associated microbial metabolites likely inhibited the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway by modulating immune cell function.Non-targeted metabolomics further indicated that AWD exerted anti-inflammatory effects by regulating critical metabolic pathways,including the Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection pathway,autophagy processes,and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis.CONCLUSION AWD alleviates the pathological progression of CAG through multi-target synergistic mechanisms.On one hand,AWD directly suppresses gastric mucosal inflammation by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation.On the other hand,AWD remodels intestinal microbiota-metabolite homeostasis,enhances intestinal barrier function,and regulates mucosal immune responses.展开更多
Background:ZhiZi-BoPi Decoction(ZZBPD),a traditional prescription for liver and gallbladder protection,has garnered significant clinical interest due to its hepatoprotective properties.Despite its proven efficacy in m...Background:ZhiZi-BoPi Decoction(ZZBPD),a traditional prescription for liver and gallbladder protection,has garnered significant clinical interest due to its hepatoprotective properties.Despite its proven efficacy in mitigating intrahepatic cholestasis,the precise mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain inadequately understood.This study aims to comprehensively investigate the pharmacological mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of ZZBPD in cholestatic liver injury(CLI).Methods:Firstly,we evaluated the hepatoprotective effects of ZZBPD on mice with CLI induced byα-naphthylisothiocyanate(ANIT),by measuring biochemical markers,inflammatory factors,and bile acid levels.Subsequently,we employed network pharmacology and single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)to identify key targets and potential signaling pathways for the prevention and treatment of CLI.Finally,we further validated the mechanism of action of ZZBPD on these key targets through molecular docking,western blotting,and immunofluorescence techniques.Results:ZZBPD notably improved serum liver function,reduced hepatic inflammation,and restored bile acid balance.Through network pharmacology and scRNA-seq analysis,48 core targets were identified,including TNF,IL-6,and NFKB1,all of which are linked to the IL-17 and NF-κB signaling pathways,as shown by KEGG enrichment analysis.Molecular docking further confirmed stable interactions between ZZBPD’s key active components and molecules such as IL-6,IL-17,and NF-κB.Additionally,western blotting and immunofluorescence validated the downregulation of IL-17 and NF-κB protein expression in liver tissue.Conclusion:ZZBPD effectively treats CLI by activating pathways related to the bile acid receptor FXR,while also modulating the IL-17/NF-κB signaling pathway.This dual action enhances bile secretion and alleviates liver inflammation.These findings offer important insights into the pharmacological mechanisms of ZZBPD and underscore its potential as a promising therapeutic for CLI.展开更多
Background:One of the first hundred traditional Chinese medicines(TCM)formulas administered in China,Qianghuo Shengshi Decoction(QSD)has a positive clinical and therapeutic impact on rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Even so,t...Background:One of the first hundred traditional Chinese medicines(TCM)formulas administered in China,Qianghuo Shengshi Decoction(QSD)has a positive clinical and therapeutic impact on rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Even so,there is still not enough knowledge on the active ingredients and possible ways that QSDs might work to treat RA.This study systematically investigated the active ingredients and mechanisms of action of QSD for treating wind-cold-dampness arthralgia type RA.Methods:UHPLC-QE-MS and network pharmacology techniques were employed to predict the potential active constituents,targets,and associated signalling pathways.Then,the therapeutic effect of QSD was examined using a wind-cold-dampness arthralgia paralytic RA rat model.Finally,the complex mechanism was comprehensively elucidated by integrating transcriptomics and network pharmacology.The above mechanisms were also verified by molecular docking,immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results:UHPLC-QE-MS and network pharmacology analysis revealed that ferulic acid,imperatorin,magnolol,quercetin,and scopoletin could be the primary constituents in QSD responsible for its anti-RA effects.Animal experiments showed that QSD can significantly inhibit rat joint swelling degree,decrease the content of serum rheumatoid factor(RF),interleukin(IL)-1β,tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),IL-6,and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies(ACPA),and increase the content of IL-4,IL-10 to relieve the clinical symptoms of wind-cold-dampness arthralgia type RA.The mechanistic study showed that QSD may effectively inhibit rat synovial hyperplasia via promoting autophagy and apoptosis of synovial cells by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway.Conclusion:This study identifies key active ingredients in QSD and elucidates its potential mechanism for treating wind-cold-dampness arthralgia type RA,providing a basis for the clinical application of QSD.展开更多
Objective This study aimed to study the effects of different crystalline states of Sheng Shigao(raw gypsum,RG)and its inorganic elements on the antipyretic efficacy of Baihu Decoction(BHT).Methods RG samples calcined ...Objective This study aimed to study the effects of different crystalline states of Sheng Shigao(raw gypsum,RG)and its inorganic elements on the antipyretic efficacy of Baihu Decoction(BHT).Methods RG samples calcined at different temperatures were prepared.The phase composition of RG and Duan Shigao(calcination of gypsum,CG)as well as the changes in phase composition before and after adding water to RG calcined at specific temperatures,were determined using X-ray diffraction(XRD).A fever model was established by subcutaneously injecting 20%yeast suspension(10 mL·kg~(-1))into the backs of rats.The effects of BHT containing RG in different crystalline states on rat body temperature were measured.Serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6,and hypothalamic prostaglandin E2(PGE_2)were detected using ELISA.Serum Ca~(2+)levels were measured using a microplate method.The content of trace elements in RG and CG and the corresponding freeze-dried BHT powder was determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).The complexation of representative inorganic elements with mangiferin,a major active component in BHT,was investigated using UV-Vis spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy.A validation model was established using RAW264.7 mouse macrophages.Drug-containing serum of BHT with different inorganic elements was prepared,and the nitric oxide(NO)levels in the cell supernatant of different treatment groups were measured using the Griess method.The mRNA levels of IL-6,TNF-α,and PGE2in each group were detected using qPCR(real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR).Results After calcination,the phase composition of RG changed,and the content of inorganic elements in RG,CG170(RG calcined at 170°C),and CG350(RG calcined at 350°C)showed similar trends.Compared with RG,the content of Ca,Sr,Al,and Na in CG changed significantly.Compared with BHT,the content of Ca,Sr,Si,and Na in CG changed significantly when incorporated into the formula.Intermolecular interactions confirmed strong binding between mangiferin and Cu~(2+)and Al~(3+).Cu~(2+)and Fe~(3+)exhibited fluorescence quenching effects on mangiferin solution,while Al~(3+)and Zn~(2+)showed strong fluorescence enhancement,with fluorescence intensity increasing by 120-fold and 30-fold,respectively.In vitro evaluation of synergistic anti-inflammatory effects confirmed that Ca,Fe,Cr,Al,and Si exhibited synergistic anti-inflammatory effects.Conclusion The crystalline state of RG has little effect on its antipyretic properties,while Ca,Sr,Na,Fe,and Al are likely the key material bases influencing its efficacy.展开更多
Traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in preventing and treating COVID-19,and Fuzheng Jiedu decoction(FZJDD)was reported to be effective against COVID-19 in clinical trials.To investigate the potential me...Traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in preventing and treating COVID-19,and Fuzheng Jiedu decoction(FZJDD)was reported to be effective against COVID-19 in clinical trials.To investigate the potential mechanisms and material basis of FZJDD against SARS-CoV-2,we performed SARS-CoV-2 target protein inhibition analyses and a metabolite full spectrum analysis of FZJDD.Interestingly,FZJDD was found to block the binding of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein with the receptor ACE2 and inhibit the activity of SARS-CoV-23CLpro.Moreover,FZJDD can regulate the TNF and the MAPK signaling pathway to inhibit the inflammatory response and alleviate the“cytokine storm”.A total of 298 compounds were identified in FZJDD,among them,caffeic acid and octyl gallate were found to be the potential therapeutic agents of FZJDD.Importantly,FZJDD can broadly inhibit coronavirus infection,including SADS-CoV and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV)live viruses,SARS-CoV,MERS-CoV,and SARS-CoV-2 mutant pseudotyped viruses,which might be ascribed to the broad-spectrum anti-coronavirus activity of caffeic acid and octyl gallate.In conclusion,this study reveals the mechanisms and material basis of FZJDD against SARS-CoV-2 and identifies the broadspectrum anti-coronavirus activity of FZJDD for the first time.Our data provide empirical evidence for the development and application of FZJDD.展开更多
Lingguizhugan Decoction(LGZG)demonstrates significant efficacy in treating various cardiovascular diseases clinically,yet its precise mechanism of action remains elusive.This study aimed to elucidate the potential mec...Lingguizhugan Decoction(LGZG)demonstrates significant efficacy in treating various cardiovascular diseases clinically,yet its precise mechanism of action remains elusive.This study aimed to elucidate the potential mechanisms and effects of LGZG on isoproterenol(ISO)continuous stimulation-induced chronic heart failure(CHF)in mice,providing direct experimental evidence for further clinical applications.In vivo,continuous ISO infusion was administered to mice,and ventricular myocytes were utilized to explore LGZG's potential mechanism of action on theβ1-adrenergic receptor(β1-AR)/Gs/G protein-coupled receptor kinases(GRKs)/β-arrestin signaling deflection system in the heart.The findings reveal that LGZG significantly reduced the messenger ribonucleic acid(mRNA)expression of hypertrophy-related biomarkers[atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP)and B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP)]and improved cardiac remodeling and left ventricular diastolic function in mice with ISO-induced CHF.Furthermore,LGZG inhibited the overactivation of Gs/cyclic adenosine monophosphate(c AMP)/protein kinase A(PKA)signaling and downregulated the downstream transcriptional activity of c AMP-response element binding protein(CREB)and the expression of the coactivator CBP/P300.Notably,LGZG downregulated the expression ofβ-arrestin1 and GRK 2/3/5 while upregulating the expression ofβ1-AR andβ-arrestin2.These results suggest that LGZG inhibits Gs/c AMP/PKA signaling andβ-arrestin/GRK-mediated desensitization and internalization ofβ1-AR,potentially exerting cardioprotective effects through the synergistic regulation of theβ1-AR/Gs/GRKs/β-arrestin signaling deflection system via multiple pathways.展开更多
Chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis(IM)is a prevalent complication affecting up to 80%of cancer patients undergoing treatment.Current therapies focus on symptomatic relief rather than addressing the underlying m...Chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis(IM)is a prevalent complication affecting up to 80%of cancer patients undergoing treatment.Current therapies focus on symptomatic relief rather than addressing the underlying mechanism.Recent advances in integrative medicine highlight the potential of traditional Chinese medicine formulations as alternatives or adjuncts to existing therapies.In this context,this editorial discusses the recent results of a study published by Qiu et al,which investigates the multifaceted potential of modified Pulsatilla decoction(PD),a formulation of PD with licorice(Glycyrrhiza uralensis)and Ejiao(Colla corii asini),on 5-fluorouracil-induced IM in mice to alleviate clinical symptoms including diarrhea,weight loss,and intestinal damage.A series of histological,biochemical,bioinformatic,and microbiological assays evaluated body weight,diarrhea scores,inflammatory cytokine profiles,oxidative stress modulation,and microbiota composition.The findings indicated a reduction in diarrhea and oxidative stress,as well as an improvement in body weight and intestinal histopathology.Furthermore,the modified PD suppressed the TLR4/MyD88/nuclear factor kappa-B inflammatory pathway and down-regulated key proinflammatory cytokines.Moreover,the study underscores the role of gut microbiota in IM pathogenesis.Modified PD treatment reshaped microbial diversity by promoting beneficial genera such as Bacteroides acidifaciens while suppressing pathogenic species like Salmonella.These findings suggest that the therapeutic effects of the modified PD extend beyond inflammation modulation to encompass microbiome reprogramming and mucosal barrier repair.Although the study provides significant insights,several limitations still prevail.The broader implications of modified PD in gastrointestinal disorders and integrative oncology need further exploration.展开更多
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)is a novel emerging acute infectious disease caused by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV),characterized by high fever and thrombocytopenia.It has ...Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)is a novel emerging acute infectious disease caused by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV),characterized by high fever and thrombocytopenia.It has been proved that traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has displayed definite therapeutic effects on viral hemorrhagic fever,indicating its potential to treat SFTS.In this study,SFTS-relative key targets were predicted via gene ontology(GO)analysis and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis.Molecular docking was then used to select stable binders.Molecules matched TCMs were identified,and a new prescription,Qingqi Guxue decoction(QQGX),was formulated to clear heat and nourish blood,with a resulting drug composition network.We explored the optimal drug proportion for QQGX.Through an in-depth study of molecular mechanisms,we found that QQGX induces S phase arrest by promoting the degradation of cyclin A2(CCNA2)and cyclin-dependent kinase 2(CDK2),thereby inhibiting SFTSV replication.Finally,we verified the effectiveness and safety of QQGX based on the mouse liver bile duct organoid model infected with SFTSV.In summary,our study prepared a TCM decoction using the method of network pharmacology.This decoction has a significant inhibitory effect on the replication of SFTSV and provides a new treatment strategy for hemorrhagic fever with TCM.展开更多
BACKGROUND The deleterious effects of surgical trauma and subsequent postoperative complications pose significant challenges to the smooth recovery of patients after gastric cancer(GC)resection despite the substantial...BACKGROUND The deleterious effects of surgical trauma and subsequent postoperative complications pose significant challenges to the smooth recovery of patients after gastric cancer(GC)resection despite the substantial curative benefits provided by surgical interventions for GC.Hence,the investigation of more optimal and efficacious treatment approaches has become an urgent necessity in the medical community.AIM To investigate the association of Sijunzi decoction plus chemotherapy with the gastrointestinal function and serum markers of patients after GC surgery.METHODS This study included patients who underwent GC surgery from June 2022 to February 2024.The control group included 45 patients who received chemotherapy(oxaliplatin+calcium folinate+5-fluorouracil),whereas the research group consisted of 54 patients who received Sijunzi decoction therapy in addition to the treatment administered in the control group.Comparative analyses were conducted from the following perspectives:Gastrointestinal function(defecation time,intestinal gas discharge time,and hospitalization time),serum markers[carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),carbohydrate antigen(CA)125,and CA199],nutritional indicators total protein(TP)and transferrin(TRF),traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome score,and grades Ⅲ–Ⅳ adverse events(gastrointestinal reactions,renal/liver function impairment,and myelosuppression).RESULTS The two groups demonstrated similar defecation time(P>0.05),but the intestinal gas discharge time and hospitalization time were significantly shortened in the research group(P<0.05).Further,the research group exhibited significant CEA,CA125,and CA199 reductions after treatment,which were lower compared to the control group,as well as notable increases in TP and TRF that were statistically higher than the control group(all P<0.05).Furthermore,the research group demonstrated an evident decrease in TCM syndrome scores in areas,such as poor appetite,epigastric distension and pain,fatigue and weakness(P<0.01),and abdominal distension after eating,which are notably lower than those in the control group(P<0.01),with a comparable incidence of grades Ⅲ-Ⅳ adverse events(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Our research results indicate that Sijunzi decoction plus chemotherapy exerts a good rehabilitation-promoting effect on gastrointestinal function in patients after GC surgery and significantly downregulates abnormally increased CEA,CA125,and CA199 levels.展开更多
BACKGROUND The development of slow transit constipation(STC)is associated with intestinal barrier damage.Huangqi decoction(HQD)is effective in treating STC,but me-chanisms are unclear.AIM To investigate whether HQD al...BACKGROUND The development of slow transit constipation(STC)is associated with intestinal barrier damage.Huangqi decoction(HQD)is effective in treating STC,but me-chanisms are unclear.AIM To investigate whether HQD alleviates STC by downregulating the nuclear factorκB(NF-κB)signaling pathway and restoring intestinal barrier function.METHODS KM mice were divided into control,model,and HQD treatment groups.Fresh colonic tissues were collected for single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial tra-nscriptome sequencing.The expressions of claudin-1,mucin 2,and NF-κB P65 proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry.In vitro experiments evaluated the effects of HQD on the LS174T cell line.RESULTS HQD improved intestinal motility,restored mucosal epithelium function and morphology.Single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptome sequencing data showed a reduction in goblet cells,decreased mucin 2 secretion,and activated apoptotic pathways in STC mice.The population of intestinal stem cells was reduced,and proliferation along with Wnt/β-catenin pathways were inhibited.STC also altered the distribution of intestinal cell states,increasing immune-associated Enterocyte_C3.Aberrant NF-κB pathway activation was noted across various cell types.After HQD treatment,NF-κB pathway activity was down-regulated,while cell proliferation pathways were up-regulated,alongside an increase in Enterocyte_C1 related to material transport.Immunocytochemical,Western blot,and immunohistochemistry analyses confirmed NF-κB pathway activation in goblet cells of STC mice,with HQD inhibiting this aberrant activation.CONCLUSION STC involves intestinal mucosal barrier damage.HQD may treat STC by suppressing NF-κB signaling in epithelial cells,restoring intestinal epithelial cell function,and promoting mucosal barrier repair.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of Tianma Gouteng Decoction combined with Betahistine Mesylate in patients with posterior circulation ischemic vertigo(PCI).Methods:Eighty-two patients with PCI who visited...Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of Tianma Gouteng Decoction combined with Betahistine Mesylate in patients with posterior circulation ischemic vertigo(PCI).Methods:Eighty-two patients with PCI who visited the hospital from February 2024 to February 2025 were selected as samples and randomly divided into two groups.Group A received Tianma Gouteng Decoction combined with Betahistine Mesylate,while Group B received only Betahistine Mesylate.The efficacy,syndrome scores,hemodynamics,and quality of life indicators were compared between the two groups.Results:The efficacy of PCI treatment in Group A was higher than that in Group B(P<0.05).The syndrome scores in Group A were lower than those in Group B(P<0.05).The peak systolic velocity(PSV)of the basilar artery and left and right vertebral arteries in Group A were higher than those in Group B(P<0.05).The quality of life(SF-36)score in Group A was higher than that in Group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:Tianma Gouteng Decoction combined with Betahistine Mesylate is effective and feasible in the treatment of PCI,with improved hemodynamic indicators and reduced disease scores.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the possible targets of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction in NLRP3/IFITM3/γ-secretase pathway through regulating iron homeostasis and the potential mechanism of anti-Alzheimer s disease(AD).[Methods]Fi...[Objectives]To explore the possible targets of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction in NLRP3/IFITM3/γ-secretase pathway through regulating iron homeostasis and the potential mechanism of anti-Alzheimer s disease(AD).[Methods]Firstly,the active components and related targets of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction were predicted in the database of Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),and the targets of AD were collected from Genecards,OMIM and MalaCards databases.Genes inhibiting iron homeostasis were obtained from the ferroptosis Database(FerrDB).Then,Huanglian Jiedu Decoction the interactive genes of the active component target,the AD target and the iron homeostasis target.Next,the protein-protein interaction(PPI)network of interactive genes was constructed,and the software Cytoscape 3.9.1 was used to visualize and screen out the key active components and target genes.Finally,Gene Ontology(GO),Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analyses were performed.[Results]A total of 51 Huanglian Jiedu Decoction components and 247 potential protein targets were identified,including 1942 AD targets,369 iron homeostasis regulatory genes,and 18 intersection targets.Eleven key targets including CDKN2A,MAPK1,TGFβ1,MAPK14,TP53,EGFR,GSK3β,PTEN,HIF1α,HMOX1 and PRKCαwere identified by PPI network analysis.[Conclusions]In the regulation of iron homeostasis in AD by Huanglian Jiedu Decoction,CDKN2A,MAPK1,TGFβ1,MAPK14,TP53,EGFR,GSK3β,PTEN,HIF1α,HMOX1 and PRKCαmay be involved,involving ErbB signaling pathway,endocrine resistance signaling pathway,HIF-1 signaling pathway and so on.展开更多
文摘In this research,a new method based on the hyperspectral imaging for searching the best decocting time of sun dried ginseng is reported.The spectral images at diferent decocting time of test sample have been taken by the st aring hyperspectral fAuorescence imaging systen and the solubility of active ingredients have been discussed by analyzing the changes on the spectral.curves.The spectr al range of the system is 400-720nm and the spectral resolution is 5nm.In the decocting process,the active ingredients of nonsoaked ginseng was dissolved in the tissue fluid at first,and reached equilibrium condition at last after the precipitation-dissolution reciprocating process of boiling.At last,the experiment al results show that the best decoction time of sun dried ginseng is about 60 min after boiling.
文摘Decoction of Kampo medicines plays an important role in clinical practice, especially in individualized treatment, while the inconvenience and a long time requirement of the decocting process are impediments to its widespread use in Japan. In this study, we improved the decocting method by using a microwave oven such as those found in most kitchens. To validate the feasibility and safety of this new method, we decocted kakkonto, which is the most widely used formula in clinical treatment in Japan, and keishikabushito, which contains toxic components using a microwave oven. Regarding the contents of 8 characteristic components in the kakkonto decoction and the contents of 6 toxic components in the keishikabushito decoction as indices, and with the extraction and detoxification effects equal to those of the conventional decocting method as targets, we optimized the decocting conditions with Response Surface Methods. With this new method, it took 35 min to obtain almost the same extraction effect for kakkonto as with the conventional decocting method, which takes 40 min;meanwhile, it took only 45 min to detoxify keishikabushito, which takes 60 min using the conventional decocting method. Decocting Kampo medicines with a microwave oven is feasible and as safe as the conventional decocting method. It is a convenient, safe, time-saving method, and may be applied widely in clinical practice. This innovation should allow more patients to benefit from decoction and the individualized treatment it offers.
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61965015,11564037,61741513,11364037)The Special Fund Project for Guiding Scientific and Technological Innovation of Gansu Province(No.2019zx-10)Young Teachers Scientific Research Ability Promotion Plan of Northwest Normal University(No.NWNU-LKQN2019-1).
文摘Astragalus is an important traditional Chinese herb that has therapeutic potential in the treatment of diseases. In this study, the dissolution of metallic elements during the material decoction process was investigated using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS). The Ca, Mg, Al, and Fe in the drug residues, liquid, and vapor were selected for the study of the transfer of elements after different decocting times. It was found that the intensities of the spectral lines for these elements in the drug liquid increased with increasing decocting times.The contrast trend was observed in the residues and only calcium was detected in the vapor.Furthermore, the relative mass concentrations of Ca, Mg, Al, and Fe in the liquid were quantitatively determined by a combination of the standard addition method and calibrationfree-LIBS method by adding the standard concentration solution of Cu and Cd elements into the drug liquids, it can be found that the maximum error between Cd concentration calculated by internal CF-LIBS and the standard is within 10%. This provides a new method of achieving the on-line monitoring and analysis of metallic elements in the production of traditional Chinese medicines.
基金funded by Zhejiang Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Program(No.2021ZZ012)The Changlin Qiu National Distinguished Senior Traditional Chinese Medicine Expert Heritage Workshop Project(No.GZS2021007).
文摘Background:Parkinson’s disease(PD)is one of the most common movement disorders worldwide.Ziyin Xifeng Decoction(ZYXFD),a traditional Chinese medicine compound formula,has shown therapeutic efficacy in treating PD,but its specific mechanisms of action have not been fully elucidated.Methods:Firstly,we employed network pharmacology and untargeted metabolomics analysis to identify the core targets,pathways,and key metabolites of ZYXFD in the treatment of PD.Subsequently,we evaluated the protective effects of ZYXFD and further investigated its anti-PD mechanisms by validating the analytical results.Results:Combined analyses of network pharmacology and metabolomics identify the core targets including EGFR,SRC,PTGS2,and CDK2,while the effects of ZYXFD against PD are likely mediated primarily through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.Pharmacodynamic evaluation demonstrated that a high dose of ZYXFD significantly improved behavioral deficits in chronic PD mice,downregulatedα-synuclein protein expression,and protected dopaminergic neurons.It also regulated the expression of core targets,inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway,promoted autophagy,and reduced apoptosis.In vitro experiments further verified that the therapeutic effect of ZYXFD on PD is dependent on autophagy regulation.Conclusion:The findings demonstrated that ZYXFD alleviates PD by modulating related proteins and metabolites,inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway,and enhancing autophagy.This provides a theoretical basis for its broader application in PD treatment.
基金supported by Research Project on Traditional Chinese Medicine in Heilongjiang Province in 2025(Research on the pharmacological substance basis of Huangqi Guizhi decoction in improving acute pulmonary embolism and lung injury based on the theory of“Diaphoresis and expanding meridian”No.ZHY2025-043).
文摘This study explored the therapeutic targets and molecular mechanisms of Huangqi Guizhi Decoction (HGD) in alleviatingpulmonary embolism (PE) by employing network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques. Firstly, the effective activecomponents of the Chinese herbs in HGD were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database(TCMSP), and their potential therapeutic targets were predicted using the Swiss Target Prediction platform. Subsequently, PErelatedtarget genes were obtained from the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database and GeneCards database.Then, the Wei Sheng Xin tool was used to generate a Venn diagram for identifying the common targets between the herb-relatedtargets and PE-related targets. After screening these common targets, a “drug-component-target network” and a protein-proteininteraction (PPI) network were constructed. Furthermore, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia ofGenes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were conducted on the intersecting targets, and molecular docking verificationwas performed using AutoDockTools and PyMol software. Finally, 20 active components were screened from Astragali Radix, 7from Cinnamomi Ramulus, 13 from Paeoniae Radix Alba, 5 from Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, and 29 from Jujubae Fructus, witha total of 983 therapeutic targets. Among these targets, 134 were associated with PE, and protein kinase B1 (AKT1), mitogenactivatedprotein kinase 1 (MAPK1), and transformation-related protein 53 (TP53) served as the core targets. The results of GOand KEGG enrichment analyses indicated that the alleviation of PE by HGD is mainly related to pathways including immuneresponse, regulation of gene expression, atherosclerosis, and tumorigenesis. Molecular docking results showed that the keyactive components in HGD could bind to the core targets spontaneously and stably. This study revealed that HGD may alleviatesymptoms in PE patients by regulating signaling pathways, modulating platelet function to exert anticoagulant effects, andregulating the expression of anti-inflammatory genes, which provided a direction for subsequent experimental research.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 82104430 and 82274133)the Shanghai Sailing Program (No. 21YF1447600)the Future Plan for Traditional Chinese Medicine Development of Science and Technology of Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (No. WL-HBQN-2022002K)。
文摘Taohong Siwu Decoction(THSWD), a traditional Chinese medicinal formulation, has been demonstrated to significantly modulate key signaling pathways implicated in atherosclerosis(AS). This review examines the complex mechanisms through which THSWD influences critical pathways, including nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/serine-threonine kinase(AKT), Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4), mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK), and mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR), that play pivotal roles in AS pathogenesis. By synthesizing experimental evidence and existing literature, the review summarizes how THSWD and its bioactive constituents regulate these signaling cascades to ameliorate AS. Furthermore, it highlights the distinctive therapeutic advantages of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) compounds in managing chronic diseases driven by multi-target and multifactorial mechanisms. Analyzing disease targets from the perspective of signaling pathways enhances the scientific validation of clinical efficacy for such formulations, thereby offering novel insights for future research.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(82274369).
文摘Objective To investigate the microbial mechanisms of Banxia Xiexin Decoction(半夏泻心汤,BXXXD)in the treatment of esophageal precancerous lesions.Methods A total of 30 specific pathogen-free(SPF)grade female C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to a control group(n=6)and a 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide(4-NQO)-exposed group(n=24).Esophageal precancerous lesions were induced by providing the 4-NQO-exposed group with 4-NQO in drinking water(100μg/mL)for 17 consecutive weeks,whereas control group received sterile drinking water.After model establishment,the mice in 4-NQOexposed group were further randomized into model group and three BXXXD-treated groups:low-dose(BXXXD-L,3.7 g/kg),medium-dose(BXXXD-M,7.4 g/kg),and high-dose(BXXXDH,14.8 g/kg)groups(n=6 per group).During the subsequent intervention period,mice in control and model groups were gavaged with sterile water,while mice in BXXXD groups were gavaged once daily with the corresponding dose of BXXXD aqueous extract for 4 weeks.Histopathological changes in esophageal tissues were observed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining.The fecal and esophageal microbiota were profiled via 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing to evaluate bacterial diversity,community structure,and co-occurrence networks.BXXXD chemical fingerprints were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole QExactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry(UHPLCQE-MS).Serum short-chain fatty acids(SCFA)level was quantified by targeted metabolomics using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Transcriptomic analysis of esophageal tissues was performed to assess gene expression profiles.Results Compared with model group,BXXXD-M group exhibited reduced mucosal hyperplasia and more orderly epithelial cell arrangement,with superior therapeutic effects in comparison with both BXXXD-L and BXXXD-H groups(P<0.01).Microbiota analysis revealed that BXXXD increased the abundance of beneficial Enterococcus and reduced pathogenic Escherichia-Shigella in the esophagus.In the gut,BXXXD elevated the relative abundance of beneficial taxa,including Lactobacillus,Dubosiella,Bacteroides,and Faecalibacterium.Targeted metabolomics showed that BXXXD significantly reduced total serum SCFA level(P<0.01).Transcriptomic analysis indicated that BXXXD downregulated the expression of genes associated with the progression,migration,and invasion of esophageal cancer,which were identified as kallikrein-related peptidase 6(Klk6),defensin beta 4(Defb4),family with sequence similarity 3 member B(Fam3b),carboxypeptidase A4(Cpa4),serum amyloid A1(Saa1),and chitinase-like 1(Chil1)(P<0.05).Conclusion BXXXD may reduce the expression levels of esophageal cancer-related genes and improve esophageal precancerous lesions through modulation of the gut microbiota and metabolites.
文摘Ganmai Dazao Decoction,originating from“Jin Gui Yao Lue”(Synopsis of the Golden Chamber),is a classical prescription for treating visceral agitation.Composed of three medicinal and edible substances-licorice(Gancao),wheat(Xiaomai),and jujube(Dazao),it functions to nourish the heart and calm the mind,harmonize the middle burner and regulate Qi,and alleviate urgency and restlessness.As its clinical application has expanded from traditional emotional disorders to neurological,endocrine,and various psychosomatic diseases,establishing a scientifically precise quality control system and deeply elucidating its pharmacodynamic material basis and mechanism of action have become critical tasks.Modern analytical methods,typified by chromatography,spectroscopy,and their hyphenated techniques,with their high sensitivity,high resolution,and powerful substance characterization capabilities,have become the core driving force for standardizing the quality control and modernizing the clinical application research of this formula.This paper systematically reviews the progress of the aforementioned analytical techniques and chemometrics in interpreting the chemical composition,establishing fingerprint profiles,controlling process quality,and researching the pharmacodynamic material basis of Ganmai Dazao Decoction.Furthermore,it discusses integrated approaches combining analytical techniques with pharmacology and clinical medicine to reveal mechanisms of action and explore therapeutic biomarkers.Finally,it provides an outlook on future directions and challenges,including technological integration and innovation,standardization of whole-process quality control systems,and evidence-based research aimed at internationalization.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81860843Guangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Project,No.GZSY23-36 and No.GXZYA20240150。
文摘BACKGROUND Chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG)is a clinically refractory gastric disease often characterized by high recurrence rates and adverse drug reactions.Anwei decoction(AWD),a traditional Chinese medicine formula,has been shown to significantly improve clinical symptoms in patients with CAG,as demonstrated by a multicenter cohort study(overall effective rate:82.5%,P<0.01).However,the unclear molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets of AWD limit its international acceptance.AIM To investigate the therapeutic mechanisms of AWD against CAG from an integrated perspective.METHODS In this study,N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine was used to establish a CAG rat model.Serum-derived constituents transferred from AWD were first identified using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry.The concentrations of inflammatory cytokines in serum samples were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Moreover,gastric mucosal tissues were analyzed by quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction to measure messenger RNA(mRNA)levels of the NLRP3 inflammasome.Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of NLRP3,caspase-1,and interleukin(IL)-1β.To elucidate the regulatory mechanisms underlying AWD treatment,structural alterations of the gut microbiota(GM)and associated metabolites were analyzed using integrated high-throughput sequencing(16S rRNA)and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry based untargeted metabolomics.This comprehensive approach systematically clarified AWD’s multi-target therapeutic mechanisms against CAG.RESULTS AWD notably reduced serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines,such as IL-1β,IL-18,tumor necrosis factor-α,and lipopolysaccharide,demonstrating significant statistical differences(all P<0.01).Additionally,AWD substantially inhibited NLRP3 mRNA expression in gastric mucosal tissue(P<0.01)and concurrently decreased the protein abundance of NLRP3,IL-1β,and caspase-1(all P<0.01),thereby suppressing inflammasome signaling activation.GM analysis indicated that AWD intervention significantly increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria.Associated microbial metabolites likely inhibited the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway by modulating immune cell function.Non-targeted metabolomics further indicated that AWD exerted anti-inflammatory effects by regulating critical metabolic pathways,including the Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection pathway,autophagy processes,and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis.CONCLUSION AWD alleviates the pathological progression of CAG through multi-target synergistic mechanisms.On one hand,AWD directly suppresses gastric mucosal inflammation by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation.On the other hand,AWD remodels intestinal microbiota-metabolite homeostasis,enhances intestinal barrier function,and regulates mucosal immune responses.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(No.82405004,82474253)the Natural Science Foundation postdoctoral project of Chongqing(CSTB2022NSCQ-BHX0709)+2 种基金Chongqing Wanzhou District doctoral“through train”scientific research project(wzstc-20220124)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(No.Cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0996)Chongqing Wanzhou District Science and Health Joint Medical Research Project(wzstc-kw2023032)。
文摘Background:ZhiZi-BoPi Decoction(ZZBPD),a traditional prescription for liver and gallbladder protection,has garnered significant clinical interest due to its hepatoprotective properties.Despite its proven efficacy in mitigating intrahepatic cholestasis,the precise mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain inadequately understood.This study aims to comprehensively investigate the pharmacological mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of ZZBPD in cholestatic liver injury(CLI).Methods:Firstly,we evaluated the hepatoprotective effects of ZZBPD on mice with CLI induced byα-naphthylisothiocyanate(ANIT),by measuring biochemical markers,inflammatory factors,and bile acid levels.Subsequently,we employed network pharmacology and single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)to identify key targets and potential signaling pathways for the prevention and treatment of CLI.Finally,we further validated the mechanism of action of ZZBPD on these key targets through molecular docking,western blotting,and immunofluorescence techniques.Results:ZZBPD notably improved serum liver function,reduced hepatic inflammation,and restored bile acid balance.Through network pharmacology and scRNA-seq analysis,48 core targets were identified,including TNF,IL-6,and NFKB1,all of which are linked to the IL-17 and NF-κB signaling pathways,as shown by KEGG enrichment analysis.Molecular docking further confirmed stable interactions between ZZBPD’s key active components and molecules such as IL-6,IL-17,and NF-κB.Additionally,western blotting and immunofluorescence validated the downregulation of IL-17 and NF-κB protein expression in liver tissue.Conclusion:ZZBPD effectively treats CLI by activating pathways related to the bile acid receptor FXR,while also modulating the IL-17/NF-κB signaling pathway.This dual action enhances bile secretion and alleviates liver inflammation.These findings offer important insights into the pharmacological mechanisms of ZZBPD and underscore its potential as a promising therapeutic for CLI.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82204935)the construction project of Zhao Feng National Old Pharmacist Inheritance Studio of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(National Traditional Chinese Medicine Education Letter[2024]255)+1 种基金the open project of the Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Shaanxi Province(KF202302)the project of Xi’an Municipal Bureau of Science and Technology(23YXYJ0042)for financial support.
文摘Background:One of the first hundred traditional Chinese medicines(TCM)formulas administered in China,Qianghuo Shengshi Decoction(QSD)has a positive clinical and therapeutic impact on rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Even so,there is still not enough knowledge on the active ingredients and possible ways that QSDs might work to treat RA.This study systematically investigated the active ingredients and mechanisms of action of QSD for treating wind-cold-dampness arthralgia type RA.Methods:UHPLC-QE-MS and network pharmacology techniques were employed to predict the potential active constituents,targets,and associated signalling pathways.Then,the therapeutic effect of QSD was examined using a wind-cold-dampness arthralgia paralytic RA rat model.Finally,the complex mechanism was comprehensively elucidated by integrating transcriptomics and network pharmacology.The above mechanisms were also verified by molecular docking,immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results:UHPLC-QE-MS and network pharmacology analysis revealed that ferulic acid,imperatorin,magnolol,quercetin,and scopoletin could be the primary constituents in QSD responsible for its anti-RA effects.Animal experiments showed that QSD can significantly inhibit rat joint swelling degree,decrease the content of serum rheumatoid factor(RF),interleukin(IL)-1β,tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),IL-6,and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies(ACPA),and increase the content of IL-4,IL-10 to relieve the clinical symptoms of wind-cold-dampness arthralgia type RA.The mechanistic study showed that QSD may effectively inhibit rat synovial hyperplasia via promoting autophagy and apoptosis of synovial cells by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway.Conclusion:This study identifies key active ingredients in QSD and elucidates its potential mechanism for treating wind-cold-dampness arthralgia type RA,providing a basis for the clinical application of QSD.
基金Joint Fund Project of the Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research and Development Plan(222301420060)。
文摘Objective This study aimed to study the effects of different crystalline states of Sheng Shigao(raw gypsum,RG)and its inorganic elements on the antipyretic efficacy of Baihu Decoction(BHT).Methods RG samples calcined at different temperatures were prepared.The phase composition of RG and Duan Shigao(calcination of gypsum,CG)as well as the changes in phase composition before and after adding water to RG calcined at specific temperatures,were determined using X-ray diffraction(XRD).A fever model was established by subcutaneously injecting 20%yeast suspension(10 mL·kg~(-1))into the backs of rats.The effects of BHT containing RG in different crystalline states on rat body temperature were measured.Serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6,and hypothalamic prostaglandin E2(PGE_2)were detected using ELISA.Serum Ca~(2+)levels were measured using a microplate method.The content of trace elements in RG and CG and the corresponding freeze-dried BHT powder was determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).The complexation of representative inorganic elements with mangiferin,a major active component in BHT,was investigated using UV-Vis spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy.A validation model was established using RAW264.7 mouse macrophages.Drug-containing serum of BHT with different inorganic elements was prepared,and the nitric oxide(NO)levels in the cell supernatant of different treatment groups were measured using the Griess method.The mRNA levels of IL-6,TNF-α,and PGE2in each group were detected using qPCR(real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR).Results After calcination,the phase composition of RG changed,and the content of inorganic elements in RG,CG170(RG calcined at 170°C),and CG350(RG calcined at 350°C)showed similar trends.Compared with RG,the content of Ca,Sr,Al,and Na in CG changed significantly.Compared with BHT,the content of Ca,Sr,Si,and Na in CG changed significantly when incorporated into the formula.Intermolecular interactions confirmed strong binding between mangiferin and Cu~(2+)and Al~(3+).Cu~(2+)and Fe~(3+)exhibited fluorescence quenching effects on mangiferin solution,while Al~(3+)and Zn~(2+)showed strong fluorescence enhancement,with fluorescence intensity increasing by 120-fold and 30-fold,respectively.In vitro evaluation of synergistic anti-inflammatory effects confirmed that Ca,Fe,Cr,Al,and Si exhibited synergistic anti-inflammatory effects.Conclusion The crystalline state of RG has little effect on its antipyretic properties,while Ca,Sr,Na,Fe,and Al are likely the key material bases influencing its efficacy.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant No.2022YFC0867500,2020YFA0712102)National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.82151224,82202492)+3 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities(grant No.QNTD 2023-01)Nutrition and Care of Maternal&Child Research Project of Biostime Institute of Nutrition&Care(grant No.2023BINCMCF28)State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity of China(grant No.SKLPBS2438)State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine(grant No.CBCM2024204).
文摘Traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in preventing and treating COVID-19,and Fuzheng Jiedu decoction(FZJDD)was reported to be effective against COVID-19 in clinical trials.To investigate the potential mechanisms and material basis of FZJDD against SARS-CoV-2,we performed SARS-CoV-2 target protein inhibition analyses and a metabolite full spectrum analysis of FZJDD.Interestingly,FZJDD was found to block the binding of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein with the receptor ACE2 and inhibit the activity of SARS-CoV-23CLpro.Moreover,FZJDD can regulate the TNF and the MAPK signaling pathway to inhibit the inflammatory response and alleviate the“cytokine storm”.A total of 298 compounds were identified in FZJDD,among them,caffeic acid and octyl gallate were found to be the potential therapeutic agents of FZJDD.Importantly,FZJDD can broadly inhibit coronavirus infection,including SADS-CoV and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV)live viruses,SARS-CoV,MERS-CoV,and SARS-CoV-2 mutant pseudotyped viruses,which might be ascribed to the broad-spectrum anti-coronavirus activity of caffeic acid and octyl gallate.In conclusion,this study reveals the mechanisms and material basis of FZJDD against SARS-CoV-2 and identifies the broadspectrum anti-coronavirus activity of FZJDD for the first time.Our data provide empirical evidence for the development and application of FZJDD.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82074054)Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning(No.ZY(2021-2023)-0208)+2 种基金Youth Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81903831)Shanghai Municipality:Shanghai Chenguang Program(No.19CG48)Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(No.24ZR1465900)。
文摘Lingguizhugan Decoction(LGZG)demonstrates significant efficacy in treating various cardiovascular diseases clinically,yet its precise mechanism of action remains elusive.This study aimed to elucidate the potential mechanisms and effects of LGZG on isoproterenol(ISO)continuous stimulation-induced chronic heart failure(CHF)in mice,providing direct experimental evidence for further clinical applications.In vivo,continuous ISO infusion was administered to mice,and ventricular myocytes were utilized to explore LGZG's potential mechanism of action on theβ1-adrenergic receptor(β1-AR)/Gs/G protein-coupled receptor kinases(GRKs)/β-arrestin signaling deflection system in the heart.The findings reveal that LGZG significantly reduced the messenger ribonucleic acid(mRNA)expression of hypertrophy-related biomarkers[atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP)and B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP)]and improved cardiac remodeling and left ventricular diastolic function in mice with ISO-induced CHF.Furthermore,LGZG inhibited the overactivation of Gs/cyclic adenosine monophosphate(c AMP)/protein kinase A(PKA)signaling and downregulated the downstream transcriptional activity of c AMP-response element binding protein(CREB)and the expression of the coactivator CBP/P300.Notably,LGZG downregulated the expression ofβ-arrestin1 and GRK 2/3/5 while upregulating the expression ofβ1-AR andβ-arrestin2.These results suggest that LGZG inhibits Gs/c AMP/PKA signaling andβ-arrestin/GRK-mediated desensitization and internalization ofβ1-AR,potentially exerting cardioprotective effects through the synergistic regulation of theβ1-AR/Gs/GRKs/β-arrestin signaling deflection system via multiple pathways.
文摘Chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis(IM)is a prevalent complication affecting up to 80%of cancer patients undergoing treatment.Current therapies focus on symptomatic relief rather than addressing the underlying mechanism.Recent advances in integrative medicine highlight the potential of traditional Chinese medicine formulations as alternatives or adjuncts to existing therapies.In this context,this editorial discusses the recent results of a study published by Qiu et al,which investigates the multifaceted potential of modified Pulsatilla decoction(PD),a formulation of PD with licorice(Glycyrrhiza uralensis)and Ejiao(Colla corii asini),on 5-fluorouracil-induced IM in mice to alleviate clinical symptoms including diarrhea,weight loss,and intestinal damage.A series of histological,biochemical,bioinformatic,and microbiological assays evaluated body weight,diarrhea scores,inflammatory cytokine profiles,oxidative stress modulation,and microbiota composition.The findings indicated a reduction in diarrhea and oxidative stress,as well as an improvement in body weight and intestinal histopathology.Furthermore,the modified PD suppressed the TLR4/MyD88/nuclear factor kappa-B inflammatory pathway and down-regulated key proinflammatory cytokines.Moreover,the study underscores the role of gut microbiota in IM pathogenesis.Modified PD treatment reshaped microbial diversity by promoting beneficial genera such as Bacteroides acidifaciens while suppressing pathogenic species like Salmonella.These findings suggest that the therapeutic effects of the modified PD extend beyond inflammation modulation to encompass microbiome reprogramming and mucosal barrier repair.Although the study provides significant insights,several limitations still prevail.The broader implications of modified PD in gastrointestinal disorders and integrative oncology need further exploration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32170144 and 32470146).
文摘Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)is a novel emerging acute infectious disease caused by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV),characterized by high fever and thrombocytopenia.It has been proved that traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has displayed definite therapeutic effects on viral hemorrhagic fever,indicating its potential to treat SFTS.In this study,SFTS-relative key targets were predicted via gene ontology(GO)analysis and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis.Molecular docking was then used to select stable binders.Molecules matched TCMs were identified,and a new prescription,Qingqi Guxue decoction(QQGX),was formulated to clear heat and nourish blood,with a resulting drug composition network.We explored the optimal drug proportion for QQGX.Through an in-depth study of molecular mechanisms,we found that QQGX induces S phase arrest by promoting the degradation of cyclin A2(CCNA2)and cyclin-dependent kinase 2(CDK2),thereby inhibiting SFTSV replication.Finally,we verified the effectiveness and safety of QQGX based on the mouse liver bile duct organoid model infected with SFTSV.In summary,our study prepared a TCM decoction using the method of network pharmacology.This decoction has a significant inhibitory effect on the replication of SFTSV and provides a new treatment strategy for hemorrhagic fever with TCM.
基金Supported by Liaoning Provincial Science and Technology Plan Joint Plan,No.2023JH2/101700149。
文摘BACKGROUND The deleterious effects of surgical trauma and subsequent postoperative complications pose significant challenges to the smooth recovery of patients after gastric cancer(GC)resection despite the substantial curative benefits provided by surgical interventions for GC.Hence,the investigation of more optimal and efficacious treatment approaches has become an urgent necessity in the medical community.AIM To investigate the association of Sijunzi decoction plus chemotherapy with the gastrointestinal function and serum markers of patients after GC surgery.METHODS This study included patients who underwent GC surgery from June 2022 to February 2024.The control group included 45 patients who received chemotherapy(oxaliplatin+calcium folinate+5-fluorouracil),whereas the research group consisted of 54 patients who received Sijunzi decoction therapy in addition to the treatment administered in the control group.Comparative analyses were conducted from the following perspectives:Gastrointestinal function(defecation time,intestinal gas discharge time,and hospitalization time),serum markers[carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),carbohydrate antigen(CA)125,and CA199],nutritional indicators total protein(TP)and transferrin(TRF),traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome score,and grades Ⅲ–Ⅳ adverse events(gastrointestinal reactions,renal/liver function impairment,and myelosuppression).RESULTS The two groups demonstrated similar defecation time(P>0.05),but the intestinal gas discharge time and hospitalization time were significantly shortened in the research group(P<0.05).Further,the research group exhibited significant CEA,CA125,and CA199 reductions after treatment,which were lower compared to the control group,as well as notable increases in TP and TRF that were statistically higher than the control group(all P<0.05).Furthermore,the research group demonstrated an evident decrease in TCM syndrome scores in areas,such as poor appetite,epigastric distension and pain,fatigue and weakness(P<0.01),and abdominal distension after eating,which are notably lower than those in the control group(P<0.01),with a comparable incidence of grades Ⅲ-Ⅳ adverse events(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Our research results indicate that Sijunzi decoction plus chemotherapy exerts a good rehabilitation-promoting effect on gastrointestinal function in patients after GC surgery and significantly downregulates abnormally increased CEA,CA125,and CA199 levels.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province for Distinguished Young Scholars,No.2022B1515020003the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82174369,No.82405397,No.82374442,and No.81973847+2 种基金Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF No.GZC20233247National Key Clinical Disciplineand the Program of Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases,No.2020B1111170004.
文摘BACKGROUND The development of slow transit constipation(STC)is associated with intestinal barrier damage.Huangqi decoction(HQD)is effective in treating STC,but me-chanisms are unclear.AIM To investigate whether HQD alleviates STC by downregulating the nuclear factorκB(NF-κB)signaling pathway and restoring intestinal barrier function.METHODS KM mice were divided into control,model,and HQD treatment groups.Fresh colonic tissues were collected for single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial tra-nscriptome sequencing.The expressions of claudin-1,mucin 2,and NF-κB P65 proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry.In vitro experiments evaluated the effects of HQD on the LS174T cell line.RESULTS HQD improved intestinal motility,restored mucosal epithelium function and morphology.Single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptome sequencing data showed a reduction in goblet cells,decreased mucin 2 secretion,and activated apoptotic pathways in STC mice.The population of intestinal stem cells was reduced,and proliferation along with Wnt/β-catenin pathways were inhibited.STC also altered the distribution of intestinal cell states,increasing immune-associated Enterocyte_C3.Aberrant NF-κB pathway activation was noted across various cell types.After HQD treatment,NF-κB pathway activity was down-regulated,while cell proliferation pathways were up-regulated,alongside an increase in Enterocyte_C1 related to material transport.Immunocytochemical,Western blot,and immunohistochemistry analyses confirmed NF-κB pathway activation in goblet cells of STC mice,with HQD inhibiting this aberrant activation.CONCLUSION STC involves intestinal mucosal barrier damage.HQD may treat STC by suppressing NF-κB signaling in epithelial cells,restoring intestinal epithelial cell function,and promoting mucosal barrier repair.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of Tianma Gouteng Decoction combined with Betahistine Mesylate in patients with posterior circulation ischemic vertigo(PCI).Methods:Eighty-two patients with PCI who visited the hospital from February 2024 to February 2025 were selected as samples and randomly divided into two groups.Group A received Tianma Gouteng Decoction combined with Betahistine Mesylate,while Group B received only Betahistine Mesylate.The efficacy,syndrome scores,hemodynamics,and quality of life indicators were compared between the two groups.Results:The efficacy of PCI treatment in Group A was higher than that in Group B(P<0.05).The syndrome scores in Group A were lower than those in Group B(P<0.05).The peak systolic velocity(PSV)of the basilar artery and left and right vertebral arteries in Group A were higher than those in Group B(P<0.05).The quality of life(SF-36)score in Group A was higher than that in Group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:Tianma Gouteng Decoction combined with Betahistine Mesylate is effective and feasible in the treatment of PCI,with improved hemodynamic indicators and reduced disease scores.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(82160832)Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(2022GXNSFAA035603&2017GXNSFAA198255)+1 种基金the Open Project Program of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience,Guilin Medical University(GKLBCN-202206-02)the Fourth Training Plan of Thousands of Young and Mid-aged Mainstay Teachers in Guangxi Colleges and Universities.
文摘[Objectives]To explore the possible targets of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction in NLRP3/IFITM3/γ-secretase pathway through regulating iron homeostasis and the potential mechanism of anti-Alzheimer s disease(AD).[Methods]Firstly,the active components and related targets of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction were predicted in the database of Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),and the targets of AD were collected from Genecards,OMIM and MalaCards databases.Genes inhibiting iron homeostasis were obtained from the ferroptosis Database(FerrDB).Then,Huanglian Jiedu Decoction the interactive genes of the active component target,the AD target and the iron homeostasis target.Next,the protein-protein interaction(PPI)network of interactive genes was constructed,and the software Cytoscape 3.9.1 was used to visualize and screen out the key active components and target genes.Finally,Gene Ontology(GO),Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analyses were performed.[Results]A total of 51 Huanglian Jiedu Decoction components and 247 potential protein targets were identified,including 1942 AD targets,369 iron homeostasis regulatory genes,and 18 intersection targets.Eleven key targets including CDKN2A,MAPK1,TGFβ1,MAPK14,TP53,EGFR,GSK3β,PTEN,HIF1α,HMOX1 and PRKCαwere identified by PPI network analysis.[Conclusions]In the regulation of iron homeostasis in AD by Huanglian Jiedu Decoction,CDKN2A,MAPK1,TGFβ1,MAPK14,TP53,EGFR,GSK3β,PTEN,HIF1α,HMOX1 and PRKCαmay be involved,involving ErbB signaling pathway,endocrine resistance signaling pathway,HIF-1 signaling pathway and so on.
