Small RNAs(sRNAs)are essential for regulating plant growth and development,and they possess the notable ability to travel long distances within organisms to regulate target gene expression.Our study examined the dcl2 ...Small RNAs(sRNAs)are essential for regulating plant growth and development,and they possess the notable ability to travel long distances within organisms to regulate target gene expression.Our study examined the dcl2 mutant,a key enzyme in s RNA biogenesis,to determine the role of the DCL2 protein in s RNA synthesis and to identify mobile s RNAs under DCL2 regulation.Through grafting experiments between dcl2 mutants and wild-type soybean plants,coupled with s RNA sequencing,we identified14,105 s RNAs significantly affected by DCL2 and discovered 375 mobile s RNAs under its regulation.Degradome analysis provided deeper insights into the regulatory effects of these mobile s RNAs on their target genes,enabling us to understand their potential influences on plant development and stress responses.Leveraging the systemic movement of s RNAs from roots to shoots,we propose a novel strategy for manipulating gene expression in aboveground tissues.Overall,our research findings not only deepen our understanding of the complex regulatory networks involving mobile s RNAs regulated by DCL2,but also provide a new strategy for gene regulation,which could have a positive impact on agricultural biotechnology.展开更多
This article investigates the mechanical responses and acoustic emission(AE)characteristics of sandstone under the triaxial differential cyclic loading(DCL)at different unloading rates of confining stress.The test res...This article investigates the mechanical responses and acoustic emission(AE)characteristics of sandstone under the triaxial differential cyclic loading(DCL)at different unloading rates of confining stress.The test results indicate that strength of rock specimens under different stress paths of triaxial unloading confining stress-differential cyclic loading(TUCS-DCL)can be fitted by the Mohr–Coulomb,Hoek–Brown,and Bieniawski criteria.The confining stress unloading rate can dominate the radial strain rate,while the axial DCL pattern has an unpronounced effect.The confining stress unloading rate affects the energy evolution in radial and axial directions of specimens,with the ratio of radially released energy to axially consumed energy fluctuating more significantly during the fast unloading of confining stress,the valley value of the ratio can serve as a precursor for failure.The confining stress unloading rate has no significant effect on stress–strain phase shift,while axial rapid-loading-slow-unloading can correspond to a larger magnitude of phase shift.AE signals begin to significantly increase after the confining stress is unloaded to zero,and a notable Kaiser effect is observed during cyclic loading preceding the failure.展开更多
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA24010205)the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-011)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272101)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of CAAS。
文摘Small RNAs(sRNAs)are essential for regulating plant growth and development,and they possess the notable ability to travel long distances within organisms to regulate target gene expression.Our study examined the dcl2 mutant,a key enzyme in s RNA biogenesis,to determine the role of the DCL2 protein in s RNA synthesis and to identify mobile s RNAs under DCL2 regulation.Through grafting experiments between dcl2 mutants and wild-type soybean plants,coupled with s RNA sequencing,we identified14,105 s RNAs significantly affected by DCL2 and discovered 375 mobile s RNAs under its regulation.Degradome analysis provided deeper insights into the regulatory effects of these mobile s RNAs on their target genes,enabling us to understand their potential influences on plant development and stress responses.Leveraging the systemic movement of s RNAs from roots to shoots,we propose a novel strategy for manipulating gene expression in aboveground tissues.Overall,our research findings not only deepen our understanding of the complex regulatory networks involving mobile s RNAs regulated by DCL2,but also provide a new strategy for gene regulation,which could have a positive impact on agricultural biotechnology.
基金funded by NSFC(52204086,52474122)Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology(2025B1515020067,2022A1515240009).
文摘This article investigates the mechanical responses and acoustic emission(AE)characteristics of sandstone under the triaxial differential cyclic loading(DCL)at different unloading rates of confining stress.The test results indicate that strength of rock specimens under different stress paths of triaxial unloading confining stress-differential cyclic loading(TUCS-DCL)can be fitted by the Mohr–Coulomb,Hoek–Brown,and Bieniawski criteria.The confining stress unloading rate can dominate the radial strain rate,while the axial DCL pattern has an unpronounced effect.The confining stress unloading rate affects the energy evolution in radial and axial directions of specimens,with the ratio of radially released energy to axially consumed energy fluctuating more significantly during the fast unloading of confining stress,the valley value of the ratio can serve as a precursor for failure.The confining stress unloading rate has no significant effect on stress–strain phase shift,while axial rapid-loading-slow-unloading can correspond to a larger magnitude of phase shift.AE signals begin to significantly increase after the confining stress is unloaded to zero,and a notable Kaiser effect is observed during cyclic loading preceding the failure.
