There are issues with flexible DC transmission system such as a lack of control freedom over power flow.In order to tackle these issues,a DC power flow controller(DCPFC)is incorporated into a multi-terminal,flexible D...There are issues with flexible DC transmission system such as a lack of control freedom over power flow.In order to tackle these issues,a DC power flow controller(DCPFC)is incorporated into a multi-terminal,flexible DC power grid.In recent years,a multi-port DC power flow controller based on a modular multi-level converter has become a focal point of research due to its simple structure and robust scalability.This work proposes a model predictive control(MPC)strategy for multi-port interline DC power flow controllers in order to improve their steady-state dynamic performance.Initially,the mathematical model of a multi-terminal DC power grid with a multi-port interline DC power flow controller is developed,and the relationship between each regulated variable and control variable is determined;The power flow controller is then discretized,and the cost function and weight factor are built with numerous control objectives.Sub module sorting method and nearest level approximation modulation regulate the power flow controller;Lastly,theMATLAB/Simulink simulation platformis used to verify the correctness of the establishedmathematicalmodel and the control performance of the suggestedMPC strategy.Finally,it is demonstrated that the control strategy possesses the benefits of robust dynamic performance,multiobjective control,and a simple structure.展开更多
In order to overcome the problems of power flow control and fault current limiting in multi-terminal high voltage direct current(MTDC)grids,this paper proposes a modular multi-terminal DC power flow controller(MM-DCPF...In order to overcome the problems of power flow control and fault current limiting in multi-terminal high voltage direct current(MTDC)grids,this paper proposes a modular multi-terminal DC power flow controller(MM-DCPFC)with fault current limiting function.The topology structure,operation principle,and equivalent circuit of MM-DCPFC are introduced,and such a structure has the advantages of modularity and scalability.The power balance mechanism is studied and a hierarchical power balance control strategy is proposed.The results show that MM-DCPFC can achieve internal power exchange,which avoids the use of external power supply.The fault characteristics of MM-DCPFC are analyzed,fault current limiting and self-protection methods are proposed,and the factors affecting the current limiting capability are studied.The simulation models are established in PLECS,and the simulation results verify the effectiveness of MM-DCPFC in power flow control,fault current limiting,and scalability.In addition,a prototype is developed to validate the function and control method of MM-DCPFC.展开更多
A quasi-linear relationship between voltage angles and voltage magnitudes in power flow calculation is presented.An accurate estimation of voltage magnitudes can be provided by the quasi-linear relationship when volta...A quasi-linear relationship between voltage angles and voltage magnitudes in power flow calculation is presented.An accurate estimation of voltage magnitudes can be provided by the quasi-linear relationship when voltage angles are derived by classical DC power flow.Based on the quasi-linear relationship,a novel extended DC power flow(EDCPF)model is proposed considering voltage magnitudes.It is simple,reliable and accurate for both distribution network and transmission network in normal system operation states.The accuracy of EDCPF model is verified through a series of standard test systems.展开更多
多端柔性直流输电系统(voltage source converter based multi-terminal direct current system,VSC-MTDC)是在两端直流输电基础上发展而来的直流输电系统,可靠性高、适用于海上风电并网等场景,相应的控制策略更加多样,其潮流模型也更...多端柔性直流输电系统(voltage source converter based multi-terminal direct current system,VSC-MTDC)是在两端直流输电基础上发展而来的直流输电系统,可靠性高、适用于海上风电并网等场景,相应的控制策略更加多样,其潮流模型也更加复杂。该文分析VSC换流站和MTDC的稳态模型,研究可适用于VSC-MTDC的不同拓扑和连接方式的潮流模型;研究多端直流各种控制策略潮流计算模型的不同点并推导出其方程。在此基础上,提出一种兼具统一迭代法和交替迭代法优点的含VSC-MTDC交直流系统潮流算法,给出初值和边界条件求解方法,对于不同直流拓扑和交流系统都能够进行求解。最后通过2个实际算例验证该文潮流模型的有效性和收敛性,对于不同控制方式、不同运行场景和直流拓扑都能够迅速、稳定收敛。展开更多
提出一种基于带精英策略的快速非支配排序遗传算法(non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II,NSGA-II)和逼近理想解排序(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution,TOPSIS)的含VSC-HVDC交直流系统多目标最...提出一种基于带精英策略的快速非支配排序遗传算法(non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II,NSGA-II)和逼近理想解排序(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution,TOPSIS)的含VSC-HVDC交直流系统多目标最优潮流算法,统一协调系统运行的经济性及环保要求等目标。首先,基于含VSC-HVDC交直流系统的稳态模型,建立了综合考虑网络损耗和环境因素的多目标最优潮流模型;然后,采用混合编码方式,通过NSGA-II得到帕累托最优解集;最后,采用TOPSIS法评估各决策方案的相对优劣,以帮助运行人员选取有效的折中解。基于IEEE 14节点系统和IEEE 118节点系统的算例结果验证了所提方法的有效性。展开更多
电网中的不同电力公司所管辖子系统具有相互独立且互联的特点,各子系统之间的互联给电网的分布式计算带来一定挑战,如何实现大系统的分布式计算备受关注。提出基于交替方向乘子法(alternating directionmethod of multipliers,ADMM)的...电网中的不同电力公司所管辖子系统具有相互独立且互联的特点,各子系统之间的互联给电网的分布式计算带来一定挑战,如何实现大系统的分布式计算备受关注。提出基于交替方向乘子法(alternating directionmethod of multipliers,ADMM)的含风电场系统分布式直流最优潮流(direct current optimal power flow,DC-OPF)计算模型,该模型考虑风电并网对系统分布式DC-OPF的影响,采用分解协调法实现系统的分区过程,通过引入全局变量处理边界节点问题,在信息传递过程中无需中心处理系统,只在相邻子区域之间进行复制边界节点的信息传递以减少信息通信量,实现系统的全分布式DC-OPF计算。以6节点系统、IEEE-39节点系统分析全局变量的个数对迭代收敛的影响,并讨论风电并网对优化收敛的影响,最后通过仿真验证该文所提模型的准确性和有效性。展开更多
进化类算法和内点法交替迭代的混合算法在求解含电压源换流器的高压直流输电(voltage source converter basedhigh voltage direct current,VSC-HVDC)的交直流系统最优潮流(optimal power flow,OPF)问题时由于截断误差的影响和VSC-HVDC...进化类算法和内点法交替迭代的混合算法在求解含电压源换流器的高压直流输电(voltage source converter basedhigh voltage direct current,VSC-HVDC)的交直流系统最优潮流(optimal power flow,OPF)问题时由于截断误差的影响和VSC-HVDC控制方式的限制,容易发生振荡,因此提出一种基于差分进化(differential evolution,DE)和原—对偶内点法(primal-dual interior point method,PDIPM)的统一混合迭代算法。算法的主要思想是以DE算法为框架,对离散变量进行优化,在DE算法的每一次迭代过程中,采用PDIPM对每个DE个体进行连续变量的优化和适应度评估。由于采用PDIPM进行DE种群适应度评估,无需设定VSC-HVDC的控制方式,因此提高了算法的全局寻优能力。多个算例结果表明,该混合算法数值稳定性高,寻优能力强,能很好地解决含两端、多端、多馈入VSC-HVDC的交直流系统最优潮流问题。展开更多
电压源换流器(voltage source converter,VSC)在稳态模型和工作原理上与传统高压直流输电(high voltage directcurrent,HVDC)的换流器有本质区别,因此传统的交直流系统最优潮流计算方法不适用于含基于电压源换流器高压直流输电(VSC base...电压源换流器(voltage source converter,VSC)在稳态模型和工作原理上与传统高压直流输电(high voltage directcurrent,HVDC)的换流器有本质区别,因此传统的交直流系统最优潮流计算方法不适用于含基于电压源换流器高压直流输电(VSC based HVDC,VSC-HVDC)的交直流系统。讨论一种适用于原对偶内点法(primal-dual interior-pointmethod,PDIPM)和预测校正内点法(predictor-corrector PDIPM,PCPDIPM)解最优潮流的VSC-HVDC稳态模型。基于该稳态模型,将VSC-HVDC直流网络与交流系统结合起来,对交直流系统进行联立求解,并对多组算例进行仿真和分析,算例结果表明原对偶内点法在解决含VSC-HVDC的最优潮流问题的能力上,保持了传统内点法最优潮流的高效性,而在同样的条件下,预测–校正内点法迭代次数大大少于原对偶内点法。展开更多
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (52177074).
文摘There are issues with flexible DC transmission system such as a lack of control freedom over power flow.In order to tackle these issues,a DC power flow controller(DCPFC)is incorporated into a multi-terminal,flexible DC power grid.In recent years,a multi-port DC power flow controller based on a modular multi-level converter has become a focal point of research due to its simple structure and robust scalability.This work proposes a model predictive control(MPC)strategy for multi-port interline DC power flow controllers in order to improve their steady-state dynamic performance.Initially,the mathematical model of a multi-terminal DC power grid with a multi-port interline DC power flow controller is developed,and the relationship between each regulated variable and control variable is determined;The power flow controller is then discretized,and the cost function and weight factor are built with numerous control objectives.Sub module sorting method and nearest level approximation modulation regulate the power flow controller;Lastly,theMATLAB/Simulink simulation platformis used to verify the correctness of the establishedmathematicalmodel and the control performance of the suggestedMPC strategy.Finally,it is demonstrated that the control strategy possesses the benefits of robust dynamic performance,multiobjective control,and a simple structure.
基金supported in part by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFB0904600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51807053)。
文摘In order to overcome the problems of power flow control and fault current limiting in multi-terminal high voltage direct current(MTDC)grids,this paper proposes a modular multi-terminal DC power flow controller(MM-DCPFC)with fault current limiting function.The topology structure,operation principle,and equivalent circuit of MM-DCPFC are introduced,and such a structure has the advantages of modularity and scalability.The power balance mechanism is studied and a hierarchical power balance control strategy is proposed.The results show that MM-DCPFC can achieve internal power exchange,which avoids the use of external power supply.The fault characteristics of MM-DCPFC are analyzed,fault current limiting and self-protection methods are proposed,and the factors affecting the current limiting capability are studied.The simulation models are established in PLECS,and the simulation results verify the effectiveness of MM-DCPFC in power flow control,fault current limiting,and scalability.In addition,a prototype is developed to validate the function and control method of MM-DCPFC.
基金This work was supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFB0900100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51807116).
文摘A quasi-linear relationship between voltage angles and voltage magnitudes in power flow calculation is presented.An accurate estimation of voltage magnitudes can be provided by the quasi-linear relationship when voltage angles are derived by classical DC power flow.Based on the quasi-linear relationship,a novel extended DC power flow(EDCPF)model is proposed considering voltage magnitudes.It is simple,reliable and accurate for both distribution network and transmission network in normal system operation states.The accuracy of EDCPF model is verified through a series of standard test systems.
文摘多端柔性直流输电系统(voltage source converter based multi-terminal direct current system,VSC-MTDC)是在两端直流输电基础上发展而来的直流输电系统,可靠性高、适用于海上风电并网等场景,相应的控制策略更加多样,其潮流模型也更加复杂。该文分析VSC换流站和MTDC的稳态模型,研究可适用于VSC-MTDC的不同拓扑和连接方式的潮流模型;研究多端直流各种控制策略潮流计算模型的不同点并推导出其方程。在此基础上,提出一种兼具统一迭代法和交替迭代法优点的含VSC-MTDC交直流系统潮流算法,给出初值和边界条件求解方法,对于不同直流拓扑和交流系统都能够进行求解。最后通过2个实际算例验证该文潮流模型的有效性和收敛性,对于不同控制方式、不同运行场景和直流拓扑都能够迅速、稳定收敛。
文摘提出一种基于带精英策略的快速非支配排序遗传算法(non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II,NSGA-II)和逼近理想解排序(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution,TOPSIS)的含VSC-HVDC交直流系统多目标最优潮流算法,统一协调系统运行的经济性及环保要求等目标。首先,基于含VSC-HVDC交直流系统的稳态模型,建立了综合考虑网络损耗和环境因素的多目标最优潮流模型;然后,采用混合编码方式,通过NSGA-II得到帕累托最优解集;最后,采用TOPSIS法评估各决策方案的相对优劣,以帮助运行人员选取有效的折中解。基于IEEE 14节点系统和IEEE 118节点系统的算例结果验证了所提方法的有效性。
文摘电网中的不同电力公司所管辖子系统具有相互独立且互联的特点,各子系统之间的互联给电网的分布式计算带来一定挑战,如何实现大系统的分布式计算备受关注。提出基于交替方向乘子法(alternating directionmethod of multipliers,ADMM)的含风电场系统分布式直流最优潮流(direct current optimal power flow,DC-OPF)计算模型,该模型考虑风电并网对系统分布式DC-OPF的影响,采用分解协调法实现系统的分区过程,通过引入全局变量处理边界节点问题,在信息传递过程中无需中心处理系统,只在相邻子区域之间进行复制边界节点的信息传递以减少信息通信量,实现系统的全分布式DC-OPF计算。以6节点系统、IEEE-39节点系统分析全局变量的个数对迭代收敛的影响,并讨论风电并网对优化收敛的影响,最后通过仿真验证该文所提模型的准确性和有效性。
文摘进化类算法和内点法交替迭代的混合算法在求解含电压源换流器的高压直流输电(voltage source converter basedhigh voltage direct current,VSC-HVDC)的交直流系统最优潮流(optimal power flow,OPF)问题时由于截断误差的影响和VSC-HVDC控制方式的限制,容易发生振荡,因此提出一种基于差分进化(differential evolution,DE)和原—对偶内点法(primal-dual interior point method,PDIPM)的统一混合迭代算法。算法的主要思想是以DE算法为框架,对离散变量进行优化,在DE算法的每一次迭代过程中,采用PDIPM对每个DE个体进行连续变量的优化和适应度评估。由于采用PDIPM进行DE种群适应度评估,无需设定VSC-HVDC的控制方式,因此提高了算法的全局寻优能力。多个算例结果表明,该混合算法数值稳定性高,寻优能力强,能很好地解决含两端、多端、多馈入VSC-HVDC的交直流系统最优潮流问题。
文摘电压源换流器(voltage source converter,VSC)在稳态模型和工作原理上与传统高压直流输电(high voltage directcurrent,HVDC)的换流器有本质区别,因此传统的交直流系统最优潮流计算方法不适用于含基于电压源换流器高压直流输电(VSC based HVDC,VSC-HVDC)的交直流系统。讨论一种适用于原对偶内点法(primal-dual interior-pointmethod,PDIPM)和预测校正内点法(predictor-corrector PDIPM,PCPDIPM)解最优潮流的VSC-HVDC稳态模型。基于该稳态模型,将VSC-HVDC直流网络与交流系统结合起来,对交直流系统进行联立求解,并对多组算例进行仿真和分析,算例结果表明原对偶内点法在解决含VSC-HVDC的最优潮流问题的能力上,保持了传统内点法最优潮流的高效性,而在同样的条件下,预测–校正内点法迭代次数大大少于原对偶内点法。
