To manage potential microbial risks and meet increasingly strict drinking water health standards,UV treatment has attracted increasing attention for use in drinking water systems in China.However,the effects of UV tre...To manage potential microbial risks and meet increasingly strict drinking water health standards,UV treatment has attracted increasing attention for use in drinking water systems in China.However,the effects of UV treatment on microbial control and disinfection byproducts(DBPs)formation in real municipal drinking water systems are poorly understood.Here,we collected water samples from three real drinking water systems in Beijing and Tianjin to investigate the impacts of UV treatment on microbial control and DBP formation.We employed heterotrophic plate count(HPC),flow cytometry(FCM),quantitative PCR analysis,and high-throughput sequencing to measure microorganisms in the samples.Different trends were observed between HPC and total cell count(measured by FCM),indicating that a single indicator could not reflect the real degree of biological re-growth in drinking water distribution systems(DWDSs).A significant increase in the 16S rRNA gene concentration was observed when the UV system was stopped.Besides,the bacterial community composition was similar at the phylum level but differed markedly at the genera level among the three DWDSs.Some chlorine-resistant bacteria,including potential pathogens(e.g.,Acinetobacter)showed a high relative abundance when the UV system was turned off.It can be concluded that UV treatment can mitigate microbial re-growth to some extent.Finally,UV treatment had a limited influence on the formation of DBPs,including trihalomethanes,haloacetic acids,and nitrogenated DBPs.The findings of this study may help to understand the performance of UV treatment in real drinking water systems.展开更多
【目的】为系统综述饮用水中氯消毒副产物(DBPs)的研究现状、挑战与未来方向,全面评估其对公共健康的潜在风险,为水处理工艺优化和安全标准制定提供科学参考。【方法】采用文献计量学与系统综述法,基于Web of Science核心数据库分析该...【目的】为系统综述饮用水中氯消毒副产物(DBPs)的研究现状、挑战与未来方向,全面评估其对公共健康的潜在风险,为水处理工艺优化和安全标准制定提供科学参考。【方法】采用文献计量学与系统综述法,基于Web of Science核心数据库分析该领域的研究态势与热点,并系统归纳评述了DBPs的前体来源、生成机制、种类特征、健康风险、检测技术及各类处理方法的研究进展。【结果】计量分析表明,DBPs研究热度持续攀升,中美为主要研究力量,聚焦为三卤甲烷(THMs)和卤乙酸(HAAs)。天然有机物(NOMs)是生成含碳DBPs的主要前体,而含氮有机物则生成毒性更高的氮杂DBPs。高级氧化(AOPs)和臭氧氧化能有效去除前体,但存在成本高与二次污染风险。质谱联用是主流检测技术,但在识别新型、低浓度DBPs方面仍具挑战。总有机碳(TOC)与紫外吸光度(UV_(254))可作前体替代监测指标,机器学习模型在预测DBPs生成方面潜力巨大。【结论】当前,DBPs的控制在新型物种识别、全过程风险评估与高效低成本处理技术方面仍存挑战。未来研究应聚焦于发展高通量、高精度的检测新技术,评估新型DBPs的毒性,开发经济环保的组合处理工艺,并加强从源头到龙头的全过程风险管控策略,以保障饮用水安全。展开更多
Disinfection of swimming pool water is critical to ensure the safety of the recreational activity for swimmers.However,swimming pools have a constant loading of organic matter from input water and anthropogenic contam...Disinfection of swimming pool water is critical to ensure the safety of the recreational activity for swimmers.However,swimming pools have a constant loading of organic matter from input water and anthropogenic contamination,leading to elevated levels of disinfection byproducts(DBPs).Epidemiological studies have associated increased risks of adverse health effects with frequent exposure to DBPs in swimming pools.Zhang et al.(2023b)investigated the occurrence of trihalomethanes(THMs),haloacetic acids(HAAs),haloacetonitriles(HANs),and haloacetaldehydes(HALs)in eight swimming pools and the corresponding input water in a city in Eastern China.The concentrations of THMs,HAAs,HANs,and HALs in swimming poolswere 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than those detected in the input water.The total lifetime cancer and non-cancer health risks of swimmers through oral,dermal,inhalation,buccal,and aural exposure pathways were assessed using the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s(USEPA)standard model and Swimmer Exposure Assessment Model(SWIMODEL).The results showed that dermal and inhalation pathways were the most significant for the associated cancer and non-cancer risks.This article provides an overview and perspectives of DBPs in swimming pools,the benefits of swimming,the need to improve the monitoring of DBPs,and the importance of swimmers’hygiene practices to keep swimming pools clean.The benefits of swimming outweigh the risks from DBP exposure for the promotion of public health.展开更多
A novel inverted advanced treatment process of ozone/hydrogen peroxide(O_(3)/H_(2)O_(2))and biological activated carbon fluidized bed(BACFB)before the conventional process has been developed to treat the high-algae-la...A novel inverted advanced treatment process of ozone/hydrogen peroxide(O_(3)/H_(2)O_(2))and biological activated carbon fluidized bed(BACFB)before the conventional process has been developed to treat the high-algae-laden reservoir water,which aims to enhance the removal of dissolved organic matter(DOM),odorants as well as the precursors of disinfection by-products(DBPs).Before and after the renovation,the average value of chemical oxygen demand(determined by potassium permanganate method)in the filter effluent decreased from 2.18 to 1.15 mg/L.Likewise,the average concentrations of turbidity dropped from 0.640 to 0.098 NTU,indicating substantial improvement following the renovation.Formation potential of DBPs such as trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids were also reduced greatly.The results of the polarity rapid analysis method indicated that ozonation primarily removed non-polar and positively charged organic matter,while coagulation-sedimentation targeted non-positive organic matter.The results of fluorescence spectroscopy and highresolution mass spectrometry indicated that the new process effectively removed DOM,and decreased the number of nitrogen-containing compounds.Additionally,the inverted O_(3)/H_(2)O_(2) and BACFB process promoted the dynamic transformation between DOM components and significantly reduced overall aromatic content.This study provided a promising solution for treating high-algae-laden source water and verified the feasibility and effectiveness of this novel process in practice.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51778323,51761125013 and51290284)the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(Nos.2012ZX07404-002,2017ZX07108-003 and 2017ZX07502-003)
文摘To manage potential microbial risks and meet increasingly strict drinking water health standards,UV treatment has attracted increasing attention for use in drinking water systems in China.However,the effects of UV treatment on microbial control and disinfection byproducts(DBPs)formation in real municipal drinking water systems are poorly understood.Here,we collected water samples from three real drinking water systems in Beijing and Tianjin to investigate the impacts of UV treatment on microbial control and DBP formation.We employed heterotrophic plate count(HPC),flow cytometry(FCM),quantitative PCR analysis,and high-throughput sequencing to measure microorganisms in the samples.Different trends were observed between HPC and total cell count(measured by FCM),indicating that a single indicator could not reflect the real degree of biological re-growth in drinking water distribution systems(DWDSs).A significant increase in the 16S rRNA gene concentration was observed when the UV system was stopped.Besides,the bacterial community composition was similar at the phylum level but differed markedly at the genera level among the three DWDSs.Some chlorine-resistant bacteria,including potential pathogens(e.g.,Acinetobacter)showed a high relative abundance when the UV system was turned off.It can be concluded that UV treatment can mitigate microbial re-growth to some extent.Finally,UV treatment had a limited influence on the formation of DBPs,including trihalomethanes,haloacetic acids,and nitrogenated DBPs.The findings of this study may help to understand the performance of UV treatment in real drinking water systems.
文摘【目的】为系统综述饮用水中氯消毒副产物(DBPs)的研究现状、挑战与未来方向,全面评估其对公共健康的潜在风险,为水处理工艺优化和安全标准制定提供科学参考。【方法】采用文献计量学与系统综述法,基于Web of Science核心数据库分析该领域的研究态势与热点,并系统归纳评述了DBPs的前体来源、生成机制、种类特征、健康风险、检测技术及各类处理方法的研究进展。【结果】计量分析表明,DBPs研究热度持续攀升,中美为主要研究力量,聚焦为三卤甲烷(THMs)和卤乙酸(HAAs)。天然有机物(NOMs)是生成含碳DBPs的主要前体,而含氮有机物则生成毒性更高的氮杂DBPs。高级氧化(AOPs)和臭氧氧化能有效去除前体,但存在成本高与二次污染风险。质谱联用是主流检测技术,但在识别新型、低浓度DBPs方面仍具挑战。总有机碳(TOC)与紫外吸光度(UV_(254))可作前体替代监测指标,机器学习模型在预测DBPs生成方面潜力巨大。【结论】当前,DBPs的控制在新型物种识别、全过程风险评估与高效低成本处理技术方面仍存挑战。未来研究应聚焦于发展高通量、高精度的检测新技术,评估新型DBPs的毒性,开发经济环保的组合处理工艺,并加强从源头到龙头的全过程风险管控策略,以保障饮用水安全。
文摘Disinfection of swimming pool water is critical to ensure the safety of the recreational activity for swimmers.However,swimming pools have a constant loading of organic matter from input water and anthropogenic contamination,leading to elevated levels of disinfection byproducts(DBPs).Epidemiological studies have associated increased risks of adverse health effects with frequent exposure to DBPs in swimming pools.Zhang et al.(2023b)investigated the occurrence of trihalomethanes(THMs),haloacetic acids(HAAs),haloacetonitriles(HANs),and haloacetaldehydes(HALs)in eight swimming pools and the corresponding input water in a city in Eastern China.The concentrations of THMs,HAAs,HANs,and HALs in swimming poolswere 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than those detected in the input water.The total lifetime cancer and non-cancer health risks of swimmers through oral,dermal,inhalation,buccal,and aural exposure pathways were assessed using the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s(USEPA)standard model and Swimmer Exposure Assessment Model(SWIMODEL).The results showed that dermal and inhalation pathways were the most significant for the associated cancer and non-cancer risks.This article provides an overview and perspectives of DBPs in swimming pools,the benefits of swimming,the need to improve the monitoring of DBPs,and the importance of swimmers’hygiene practices to keep swimming pools clean.The benefits of swimming outweigh the risks from DBP exposure for the promotion of public health.
基金supported by the Haiyou Program for Industry Leading Talent Innovation Team Project(No.1362022088)。
文摘A novel inverted advanced treatment process of ozone/hydrogen peroxide(O_(3)/H_(2)O_(2))and biological activated carbon fluidized bed(BACFB)before the conventional process has been developed to treat the high-algae-laden reservoir water,which aims to enhance the removal of dissolved organic matter(DOM),odorants as well as the precursors of disinfection by-products(DBPs).Before and after the renovation,the average value of chemical oxygen demand(determined by potassium permanganate method)in the filter effluent decreased from 2.18 to 1.15 mg/L.Likewise,the average concentrations of turbidity dropped from 0.640 to 0.098 NTU,indicating substantial improvement following the renovation.Formation potential of DBPs such as trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids were also reduced greatly.The results of the polarity rapid analysis method indicated that ozonation primarily removed non-polar and positively charged organic matter,while coagulation-sedimentation targeted non-positive organic matter.The results of fluorescence spectroscopy and highresolution mass spectrometry indicated that the new process effectively removed DOM,and decreased the number of nitrogen-containing compounds.Additionally,the inverted O_(3)/H_(2)O_(2) and BACFB process promoted the dynamic transformation between DOM components and significantly reduced overall aromatic content.This study provided a promising solution for treating high-algae-laden source water and verified the feasibility and effectiveness of this novel process in practice.
