Selecting diets by quantitative techniques is becoming increasingly common. Linear programming is the most popular technique for the selection of least cost mixes of food to meet specific nutritional requirements for ...Selecting diets by quantitative techniques is becoming increasingly common. Linear programming is the most popular technique for the selection of least cost mixes of food to meet specific nutritional requirements for a particular group of persons for either general health or disease-related reason. Hypertension is a silent killer and its prevalence rate especially in the developing countries, which has been mostly associated to demographic, environmental and genetic factors, is becoming alarming. The DASH diet has been clinically proven to prevent and control hypertension. In this paper, a model that provides a Daily Optimal (minimum cost) DASH Diet plan for people with hypertension is formulated. The objective is to obtain daily minimum cost diet plans that satisfy the DASH Diets’ nutrients Tolerable Upper and Lower Intake for different daily Calorie Levels. The formulated DASH diet model was further illustrated using real data set with food samples gotten from the DASH eating plan chart. A DASH diet model for a hypertensive person with a 2000-daily-caloric need was formulated and its optimal diet plan for a day obtained with a total cost of 944.41 Naira. Optimal diet plans for other recommended daily calorie levels were also obtained.展开更多
A Linear Programming DASH diet model for persons with hypertension has previously been formulated and daily minimum cost diet plans that satisfy the DASH diets’ tolerable intake level of the nutrients for 1500 mg a d...A Linear Programming DASH diet model for persons with hypertension has previously been formulated and daily minimum cost diet plans that satisfy the DASH diets’ tolerable intake level of the nutrients for 1500 mg a day Sodium level and different daily calorie levels were obtained using sample foods from the DASH diet eating plan chart. But the limitation in the use of linear programming model in selecting diet plans to meet specific nutritional requirements which normally results in the oversupply of certain nutrients was evident in the linear programming DASH diet plan obtained as the nutrient level of the diet plans obtained had wide deviations of from the DASH diets’ tolerable upper and lower intake level for the given calorie and sodium levels. Hence the need for a model that gives diet plans with minimized nutrients’ level deviations from the DASH diets’ tolerable intake level for different daily calorie and sodium level at desired cost. A weighted Goal Programming DASH diet model that minimizes the daily cost of the DASH eating plan as well as deviations of the diets’ nutrients content from the DASH diet’s tolerable intake levels is hereby presented in this work. The formulated weighted goal programming DASH diet model is further illustrated using chosen sample foods from the DASH food chart as used in the work on the linear programming DASH diet model for a 1500 mg sodium level and 2000 calories a day diet plan as well as for 1800, 2200, 2400, 2600, 2800 and 3000 daily calorie levels. A comparison of the DASH nutrients’ composition of the weighted Goal Programming DASH diet plans and those of the linear programming DASH diet plans were carried out at this sodium level and the different daily calorie levels. It was evident from the results of the comparison that the weighted goal programming DASH diet plans has minimized deviations from the DASH diet’s tolerable intake levels than those of the linear programming DASH diet plans.展开更多
我国城市和农村地区人群高血压的患病率均逐年增高。高血压的发生除与年龄、遗传等因素有关外,膳食因素在高血压发病中的作用不容小觑,如高盐饮食、低钾饮食、能量摄入过多、膳食模式不合理等。因此,膳食干预是高血压的重要防治措施之...我国城市和农村地区人群高血压的患病率均逐年增高。高血压的发生除与年龄、遗传等因素有关外,膳食因素在高血压发病中的作用不容小觑,如高盐饮食、低钾饮食、能量摄入过多、膳食模式不合理等。因此,膳食干预是高血压的重要防治措施之一。国内外研究证实,DASH(Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension)饮食、地中海饮食等平衡膳食模式具有预防或治疗高血压的作用,尤其是DASH饮食被诸多国家高血压防治指南所推荐。我国2014年版高血压防治指南中明确给出了低盐膳食处方,但在膳食的其他方面未给予详细指导建议。由于我国各地饮食的巨大差异以及经济发展的不平衡,照搬国外膳食模式来预防高血压的发生可能存在一定困难。本文结合笔者的前期研究、国内外高血压膳食研究进展,详细阐述膳食在高血压发病和防治中的作用,探讨适合我国居民的平衡膳食模式,旨在为高血压防治提供新的方向。展开更多
高血压是目前全球范围内较为严峻的公共健康问题,它与人们的生活方式和饮食密切相关,因此,高血压患者的饮食行为已成为高血压管理的重要内容。降血压(Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension,DASH)膳食可在一定程度上预防和控制高血压...高血压是目前全球范围内较为严峻的公共健康问题,它与人们的生活方式和饮食密切相关,因此,高血压患者的饮食行为已成为高血压管理的重要内容。降血压(Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension,DASH)膳食可在一定程度上预防和控制高血压,其降血压作用得到了众多临床研究的验证。DASH膳食作为第一线的非药物控制血压措施已被纳入绝大多数国家的高血压防治指南,但DASH膳食的推广和应用在社区环境下仍存在诸多障碍,需要在社区营造食物支持环境、加强宣教以及采用新技术等帮助人们提高对DASH膳食的依从性。展开更多
目的研究旨在探讨在DASH饮食(终止高血压膳食疗法,Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension)模式下对中老年高血压患者的血清炎症因子和内皮标志相关指标的影响。方法研究分析了87例常规饮食患者和90例DASH饮食患者的临床资料。比较两...目的研究旨在探讨在DASH饮食(终止高血压膳食疗法,Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension)模式下对中老年高血压患者的血清炎症因子和内皮标志相关指标的影响。方法研究分析了87例常规饮食患者和90例DASH饮食患者的临床资料。比较两组营养摄入量、血清炎症因子(TNF-α、IL-6、CRP、IL-1β、MCP-1)和内皮标志物(内皮素-1、一氧化氮、VCAM-1、ICAM-1)。并对其进行相关性分析。结果与普通饮食组相比,DASH饮食组患者的总热量、总脂肪、饱和脂肪酸和钠摄入量较低,钾摄入量较高。DASH饮食组TNF-α和MCP-1水平较低,IL-6和IL-1β水平较高。内皮功能指标显示,DASH饮食组一氧化氮升高,内皮素-1水平降低,差异有统计学意义。相关分析显示饮食成分与炎症标志物和内皮功能指标之间存在关联。结论研究为血清炎症因子和内皮功能指标用于评价DASH饮食对中老年高血压患者的影响提供了强有力的证据。展开更多
文摘Selecting diets by quantitative techniques is becoming increasingly common. Linear programming is the most popular technique for the selection of least cost mixes of food to meet specific nutritional requirements for a particular group of persons for either general health or disease-related reason. Hypertension is a silent killer and its prevalence rate especially in the developing countries, which has been mostly associated to demographic, environmental and genetic factors, is becoming alarming. The DASH diet has been clinically proven to prevent and control hypertension. In this paper, a model that provides a Daily Optimal (minimum cost) DASH Diet plan for people with hypertension is formulated. The objective is to obtain daily minimum cost diet plans that satisfy the DASH Diets’ nutrients Tolerable Upper and Lower Intake for different daily Calorie Levels. The formulated DASH diet model was further illustrated using real data set with food samples gotten from the DASH eating plan chart. A DASH diet model for a hypertensive person with a 2000-daily-caloric need was formulated and its optimal diet plan for a day obtained with a total cost of 944.41 Naira. Optimal diet plans for other recommended daily calorie levels were also obtained.
文摘A Linear Programming DASH diet model for persons with hypertension has previously been formulated and daily minimum cost diet plans that satisfy the DASH diets’ tolerable intake level of the nutrients for 1500 mg a day Sodium level and different daily calorie levels were obtained using sample foods from the DASH diet eating plan chart. But the limitation in the use of linear programming model in selecting diet plans to meet specific nutritional requirements which normally results in the oversupply of certain nutrients was evident in the linear programming DASH diet plan obtained as the nutrient level of the diet plans obtained had wide deviations of from the DASH diets’ tolerable upper and lower intake level for the given calorie and sodium levels. Hence the need for a model that gives diet plans with minimized nutrients’ level deviations from the DASH diets’ tolerable intake level for different daily calorie and sodium level at desired cost. A weighted Goal Programming DASH diet model that minimizes the daily cost of the DASH eating plan as well as deviations of the diets’ nutrients content from the DASH diet’s tolerable intake levels is hereby presented in this work. The formulated weighted goal programming DASH diet model is further illustrated using chosen sample foods from the DASH food chart as used in the work on the linear programming DASH diet model for a 1500 mg sodium level and 2000 calories a day diet plan as well as for 1800, 2200, 2400, 2600, 2800 and 3000 daily calorie levels. A comparison of the DASH nutrients’ composition of the weighted Goal Programming DASH diet plans and those of the linear programming DASH diet plans were carried out at this sodium level and the different daily calorie levels. It was evident from the results of the comparison that the weighted goal programming DASH diet plans has minimized deviations from the DASH diet’s tolerable intake levels than those of the linear programming DASH diet plans.
文摘我国城市和农村地区人群高血压的患病率均逐年增高。高血压的发生除与年龄、遗传等因素有关外,膳食因素在高血压发病中的作用不容小觑,如高盐饮食、低钾饮食、能量摄入过多、膳食模式不合理等。因此,膳食干预是高血压的重要防治措施之一。国内外研究证实,DASH(Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension)饮食、地中海饮食等平衡膳食模式具有预防或治疗高血压的作用,尤其是DASH饮食被诸多国家高血压防治指南所推荐。我国2014年版高血压防治指南中明确给出了低盐膳食处方,但在膳食的其他方面未给予详细指导建议。由于我国各地饮食的巨大差异以及经济发展的不平衡,照搬国外膳食模式来预防高血压的发生可能存在一定困难。本文结合笔者的前期研究、国内外高血压膳食研究进展,详细阐述膳食在高血压发病和防治中的作用,探讨适合我国居民的平衡膳食模式,旨在为高血压防治提供新的方向。
文摘高血压是目前全球范围内较为严峻的公共健康问题,它与人们的生活方式和饮食密切相关,因此,高血压患者的饮食行为已成为高血压管理的重要内容。降血压(Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension,DASH)膳食可在一定程度上预防和控制高血压,其降血压作用得到了众多临床研究的验证。DASH膳食作为第一线的非药物控制血压措施已被纳入绝大多数国家的高血压防治指南,但DASH膳食的推广和应用在社区环境下仍存在诸多障碍,需要在社区营造食物支持环境、加强宣教以及采用新技术等帮助人们提高对DASH膳食的依从性。
文摘目的研究旨在探讨在DASH饮食(终止高血压膳食疗法,Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension)模式下对中老年高血压患者的血清炎症因子和内皮标志相关指标的影响。方法研究分析了87例常规饮食患者和90例DASH饮食患者的临床资料。比较两组营养摄入量、血清炎症因子(TNF-α、IL-6、CRP、IL-1β、MCP-1)和内皮标志物(内皮素-1、一氧化氮、VCAM-1、ICAM-1)。并对其进行相关性分析。结果与普通饮食组相比,DASH饮食组患者的总热量、总脂肪、饱和脂肪酸和钠摄入量较低,钾摄入量较高。DASH饮食组TNF-α和MCP-1水平较低,IL-6和IL-1β水平较高。内皮功能指标显示,DASH饮食组一氧化氮升高,内皮素-1水平降低,差异有统计学意义。相关分析显示饮食成分与炎症标志物和内皮功能指标之间存在关联。结论研究为血清炎症因子和内皮功能指标用于评价DASH饮食对中老年高血压患者的影响提供了强有力的证据。
