The potential health risks of airborne bacteria emission from a wastewater treatment process have been concerned. However, few studies have investigated the differences in community structure between indoor and outdoo...The potential health risks of airborne bacteria emission from a wastewater treatment process have been concerned. However, few studies have investigated the differences in community structure between indoor and outdoor bacteria. In this work, the characterization of airborne bacteria was studied in a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Beijing, China. Two indoor（i.e., fine screen room and sludge dewatering house） and two outdoor（i.e., aeration tank and control site） sampling sites were selected. An Andersen six-stage impactor was used for collecting culturable airborne bacteria in the air, and Illumina MiSeq sequencing was conducted to track the emission source of the culturable airborne bacteria. The results indicate that, compared with the outdoor aeration tank site, the concentrations of culturable airborne bacteria in the indoor fine screen room with poor ventilation were more than ten times higher and the particle size was about twice as large. The community structures of indoor and outdoor culturable airborne bacteria were obviously different. Enterobacteriaceae and opportunistic pathogens were detected in indoor culturable airborne bacteria, with wastewater and sludge dewatering machine identified as the primary sources. Conversely,Enterobacteriaceae and opportunistic pathogens were not detected in outdoor culturable airborne bacteria. Outdoor high wind speed might have resulted in rapid dilution and mixing of culturable airborne bacteria generated from the aeration tank with the ambient air. The results of the present research suggest that covering pollution sources, increasing ventilation rates, and using protective measures for personnel should be implemented to decrease the exposure risk to indoor culturable airborne bacteria.展开更多
Objective To investigate the potential effects of herbicide quinclorac (3,7-dichloro-8-quinoline-carboxylic) on the culturable microorganisms in flooded paddy soil. Methods Total soil aerobic bacteria, actinomycetes a...Objective To investigate the potential effects of herbicide quinclorac (3,7-dichloro-8-quinoline-carboxylic) on the culturable microorganisms in flooded paddy soil. Methods Total soil aerobic bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi were counted by a 10-fold serial dilution plate technique. Numbers of anaerobic fermentative bacteria (AFB), denitrifying bacteria (DNB) and hydrogen-producing acetogenic bacteria (HPAB) were numerated by three-tube anaerobic most-probable-number (MPN) methods with anaerobic liquid enrichment media. The number of methanogenic bacteria (MB) and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB) was determined by the rolling tube method in triplicate. Soil respiration was monitored by a 102G-type gas chromatography with a stainless steel column filled with GDX-104 and a thermal conductivity detector. Results Quinclorac concentration was an important factor affecting the populations of various culturable microorganisms. There were some significant differences in the aerobic heterotrophic bacteria. AFB and DNB between soils were supplemented with quinclorac and non-quinclorac at the early stage of incubation, but none of them was persistent. The number of fungi and DNB was increased in soil samples treated by lower than 1.33μg·g-1 dried soil, while the CFU of fungi and HPAB was inhibited in soil samples treated by higher than 1.33μg·g-1 dried soil. The population of actinomycete declined in negative proportion to the concentrations of quinclorac applied after 4 days. However, application of quinclorac greatly stimulated the growth of AFB and NFB. MB was more sensitive to quinclorac than the others, and the three soil samples with concentrations higher than 1 μg·g-1 dried soil declined significantly to less than 40% of that in the control, but the number of samples with lower concentrations of quinclorac was nearly equal to that in the control at the end of experiments. Conclusion Quinclorac is safe to the soil microorganisms when applied at normal concentrations (0.67μg·g-1).展开更多
The Drake Passage is located between the Antarctic Peninsula and Tierra del Fuego in the south of South America.Surface seawater samples were collected at seven sites in the Drake Passage during the austral summer of ...The Drake Passage is located between the Antarctic Peninsula and Tierra del Fuego in the south of South America.Surface seawater samples were collected at seven sites in the Drake Passage during the austral summer of 2012.The 16 S rRNA sequences were analyzed from 187 isolated bacterial strains.Three phyla,29 genera and 56 species were identified.The three phyla were Actinobacteria,Firmicutes and Proteobacteria;the Proteobacteria included a-Proteobacteria,P-Proteobacteria and y-Proteobacteria.y-Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria and Firmicutes were the dominant class or phyla in terms of quantity and species.Gram-positive bacteria(Actinobacteria and Firmicutes) accounted for 57.8% of all types identified.There were nine dominant genera,including Curtobacterium,Staphylococcus,and Halomonas,and 14 dominant species including Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens,Curtobacterium pusillum,and Staphylococcus sciuri.Of the strains identified,87.2% were catalase positive or weakly positive.展开更多
Soil fungi play a key role in soil functional performance and ecological restoration.To understand the diversity and composition of culturable fungi in soils of Horqin Sandy Land,China,mobile dune,semi-fixed dune,fixe...Soil fungi play a key role in soil functional performance and ecological restoration.To understand the diversity and composition of culturable fungi in soils of Horqin Sandy Land,China,mobile dune,semi-fixed dune,fixed dune and sandy grassland were selected to investigate the soil fungal diversity using a traditional culture-dependent approach.ITS sequencing was applied to identify the fungal strains.The counts of culturable fungi increased significantly from mobile dune to sandy grassland along the gradient of sandy land restoration.The Shannon-Wiener,Simpson and Evenness indices of culturable fungi ranged from 1.26-1.71,0.22-0.37 and 0.83-0.87,respectively.A total of 27 fungal strains were isolated using dilution plate cultural technique.The 27 fungal isolates were clustered into three groups:Ascomycota,Basidiomycota and Mucoromycota at phylum level,indicating that Ascomycota was the dominant fungal phylum(88.9%of the total).The isolated fungi were grouped into 3 phyla,5 classes,6 orders,11 families and 13 genera.The results show that culturable fungi were diverse in sandy land soils and fungal isolates have potential function in lipid turnover,cellulose degradation and ethanol,glucose and fatty acid production.Future studies should be carried out to explore their ecological and biological function for degraded sandy land restoration.展开更多
Microbes inhabiting the desert respond sensitively to environmental changes and may be an indicator for changes in the desert ecosystem.Hypolithic microbial communities in the desert play a vital role in ecosystem pro...Microbes inhabiting the desert respond sensitively to environmental changes and may be an indicator for changes in the desert ecosystem.Hypolithic microbial communities in the desert play a vital role in ecosystem processes such as soil formation and organic matter accumulation.This study investigated and compared the culturable bacterial community structure and diversity in hypolithic and peripheral soils,and the interaction between bacteria and environmental factors.The bacteria were isolated using four different kinds of media and identified by 16S rRNA gene-sequence analysis.The numbers of culturable bacteria in the hypolithic and peripheral soils ranged from 3.0×104 to 3.6×105 CFU/g and from 6.5×104 to 5.3×105 CFU/g,respectively,indicating that the bacteria number in peripheral soil was higher than that in hypolithic soil.A total of 98 species belonging to 34 genera were identified,among which Arthrobacter,Bacillus,and Streptomyces were found dominantly and widely distributed.The community of culturable bacteria had obvious sample specificity,and the diversity in hypolithic soil was higher than that in peripheral soil.On the regional scale,the distribution of culturable bacteria and the environmental factors showed regular changes.On the local scale,the high heterogeneity of the hypolithic environment determined the specificity of the number and species of culturable bacteria.展开更多
[Objectives]The paper was to analyze the structure of the culturable bacterial communities in healthy areca palms and those affected by yellow leaf disease(YLD).[Methods]The quantification and isolation of culturable ...[Objectives]The paper was to analyze the structure of the culturable bacterial communities in healthy areca palms and those affected by yellow leaf disease(YLD).[Methods]The quantification and isolation of culturable bacteria present in the leaves,roots,and rhizosphere soil of both healthy areca palms and those exhibiting symptoms of YLD within the same orchard were conducted.Furthermore,a differential analysis of the bacterial community structure was conducted.[Results]The bacterial count was observed to be greater in healthy areca palm samples compared to those exhibiting disease symptoms.Furthermore,the diversity of bacterial species in healthy areca palm samples surpassed that found in diseased samples.Notably,the bacterial genera that exhibited significant differences between healthy and diseased areca palms included Bacillus velezensis,Paenibacillus validus,Alcaligenes faecalis,Burkholderia territorii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,etc.[Conclusions]This study may offer data support and technical guidance for the effective prevention and control of YLD in areca palm in the future.展开更多
To understand the diversity of culturable fungi in soil at alpine sites, Rhododendron fruticosa shrubland, Salix cupularis fruticosa shrubland, and Dasiphoru fruticosa shrubland of the Eastern Qilian Mountains were se...To understand the diversity of culturable fungi in soil at alpine sites, Rhododendron fruticosa shrubland, Salix cupularis fruticosa shrubland, and Dasiphoru fruticosa shrubland of the Eastern Qilian Mountains were selected to investigate. Three methods, including tradi- tional culturing, rDNA internal transcribed spacer （ITS） sequence analysis, and economical efficiency analysis, were carried out to estimate the diversity of soil culturable fungi of these three alpine shmblands. A total of 35 strains of culturable fungi were cultured by dilution plate technique and were analyzed by rDNA ITS sequence. The diversity indices such as species abundance （S）, Shannon-Wiener index （H）, Simpson dominance index （D）, and Pielou evenness index （3） of Rhododendron fruticosa shrubland, Salix cupularis fruticosa shrubland, and Dasiphoru fruticosa shrubland were ranged between 16 and 17, 2.66-2.71, 0.92, 0.95~）.97 respectively. The results showed that the diversity of soil fungi were abundant in these three types of alpine shrub grasslands, while further study should be done to explore their potential value.展开更多
At dawn in Wufu Village,in Dinghu District of Zhaoqing City,Guangdong Province,the newly restored Chaoyangli Cultural Retreat is already welcoming its first visitors.A visitor surnamed Chen,who has travelled from Guan...At dawn in Wufu Village,in Dinghu District of Zhaoqing City,Guangdong Province,the newly restored Chaoyangli Cultural Retreat is already welcoming its first visitors.A visitor surnamed Chen,who has travelled from Guangzhou with his child,stops in front of the Chaxi Academy to admire local intangible cultural heritage crafts.展开更多
China’s booming performing arts sector is reshaping cultural experiences and creating vibrant new spaces for leisure,tourism and creativity The year 2025 marked a period of vigorous expansion for China’s performing ...China’s booming performing arts sector is reshaping cultural experiences and creating vibrant new spaces for leisure,tourism and creativity The year 2025 marked a period of vigorous expansion for China’s performing arts sector,as the industry evolved from a traditional entertainment field into a comprehensive engine of cultural consumption.展开更多
A Tibetan art form bridges the past and present and connects cultures around the world.THANGKA,a unique form of Tibetan sacred painting,is gaining prominence globally due to its vibrant colors,exquisite craftsmanship,...A Tibetan art form bridges the past and present and connects cultures around the world.THANGKA,a unique form of Tibetan sacred painting,is gaining prominence globally due to its vibrant colors,exquisite craftsmanship,and profound religious and cultural significance.With the acceleration of globalization,this symbol of Tibetan culture that combines artistic expression with spirituality has become a bridge for cultural exchange between the East and the West.Recently,China Today spoke to Yixi Puncog,art collector and council member of the China Association for Preservation and Development of Tibetan Culture,to learn more about Thangka art,its role in international exchange,and how it is enhancing China’s cultural soft power.展开更多
Guided by the significant theoretical principle of the“Two Integrations”and grounded in Marxist cultural theory as its methodological basis,this paper constructs a bidirectional interpretative model linking“Yellow ...Guided by the significant theoretical principle of the“Two Integrations”and grounded in Marxist cultural theory as its methodological basis,this paper constructs a bidirectional interpretative model linking“Yellow River Culture”with“Cultural Confidence”.It proposes an integrated“Objective-Content-Path-Support”framework.Through the synergy of three-dimensional objectives,adaptation of stratified content,innovation in four-dimensional pathways,and support from a three-dimensional guarantee system,this framework establishes a closed-loop operational mechanism of“Curriculum-Practice-Evaluation-Feedback”.The study focuses on core issues in integrating Yellow River culture into university education practices,such as content construction,methodological pathways,and institutional guarantees.It aims to provide a systematic reference for universities to fulfill their fundamental task of“fostering virtue and cultivating talent”and to serve the national strategies for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.展开更多
The doubled haploid(DH)technique accelerates homozygosity by inducing chromosome doubling in haploid embryos derived from hybrid plants.This approach offers significant advantages over conventional rice breeding metho...The doubled haploid(DH)technique accelerates homozygosity by inducing chromosome doubling in haploid embryos derived from hybrid plants.This approach offers significant advantages over conventional rice breeding methods by shortening the breeding cycle and enabling rapid development of pure homozygous lines.Anther culture(AC)has been established as an efficient and successful method for producing DH plants via androgenesis in rice.However,despite its success in japonica rice.展开更多
This work examines media through a decolonial lens,centring Dagba$epistemologies to demonstrate how African languages,cultures,and traditions can transform how we think of knowledge.Focusing on film,television and rad...This work examines media through a decolonial lens,centring Dagba$epistemologies to demonstrate how African languages,cultures,and traditions can transform how we think of knowledge.Focusing on film,television and radio in Ghanaian African languages,the book argues for a decolonial politics and praxis in co-creating knowledge with Indigenous communities.It critically links the struggles of global majority countries,showing how colonialism and imperialism obstruct liberatory futures,while foregrounding African language media as vital tools for cultural and epistemological decolonisation.Heralded as part of an unstoppable shift away from Eurocentrism,the book is distinguished by its radical feminist subaltern analysis and its deep grounding in lived experience from Northern Ghana.By excavating local agency within the digital mediascape,Mohammed o!ers a crucial historical and political-economic theorisation of media practice and consumption.展开更多
The Nuo mask is the core visual vehicle within China’s Nuo culture and constitutes a complex symbolic system through facial features(icons),patterns(indexes),and colors(symbols).Within the context of intangible cultu...The Nuo mask is the core visual vehicle within China’s Nuo culture and constitutes a complex symbolic system through facial features(icons),patterns(indexes),and colors(symbols).Within the context of intangible cultural heritage(ICH)preservation,its value lies in the continuation and revitalization of its dynamic symbolic functions.Grounded in semiotic theory,this paper elaborates on three core dimensions of symbolic value manifested by Nuo masks in ICH preservation:a ritual symbol for living transmission,a symbol of identity for collective memory,and an aesthetic symbol as a source of creativity.展开更多
Recently,the China National Intellectual Property Administration released the"List of Enterprises Approved to Use the Geographical Indication Logo."The"Wujiang Silk"geographical indication logo has...Recently,the China National Intellectual Property Administration released the"List of Enterprises Approved to Use the Geographical Indication Logo."The"Wujiang Silk"geographical indication logo has been renewed and launched.This official approval serves to distinguish and celebrate the quality and cultural heritage of Shengze silk,and the use of this symbol is a testament to that distinction.Three enterprises from Shengze have been approved to use the logo:Saint Joy,Huajia Silk,and Xinmin Silk.展开更多
Background:Investigators from low-,middle-,and high-income countries representing 6 continents contributed to the development of the Global Adolescent and Child Physical Activity Questionnaire(GAC-PAQ).The GAC-PAQ is ...Background:Investigators from low-,middle-,and high-income countries representing 6 continents contributed to the development of the Global Adolescent and Child Physical Activity Questionnaire(GAC-PAQ).The GAC-PAQ is designed to assess physical activity(PA)across all key domains(i.e.,school,chores,work/volunteering,transport,free time,outdoor time).It aimed to address multiple gaps in global PA surveillance(e.g.,omission of important PA domains,insufficient cultural adaptation,underrepresentation of rural areas in questionnaire validation studies).The purpose of this study was to assess the content validity of the GAC-PAQ among PA experts,8-to 17-year-olds,and one of their parents/guardians,and to discuss changes made to the questionnaire based on participants'feedback.Methods:Sixty-two experts in PA measurement and/or surveillance from 24 countries completed an online survey that included both closed-and open-ended questions about the content validity of the GAC-PAQ.The proportion of experts who agreed or strongly agreed with the items was calculated.Child-parent/guardian dyads from 15 countries(n=250;10-40 per country)participated in a structured cognitive interview to assess the clarity of the questions and response options,and they were encouraged to provide suggestions to improve clarity and facilitate completion of the questionnaire.Participating countries are:Aotearoa New Zealand,Brazil,Canada,China,Colombia,Czech Republic,India,Malawi,Mexico,Nepal,Nigeria,Spain,Sweden,Thailand,and the United Arab Emirates.Interviews were conducted in 13 different languages and structured by PA domain.Generic images were included to help participants in answering questions about PA intensity.Results:Expert agreement with the items for each domain exceeded 75%,and their qualitative feedback was used to revise the questionnaire before cognitive interviews.In general,participants found the questionnaire to be comprehensive.Adolescents(12-17 years)found it easier than children(8-11 years)to answer the questions.Several children struggled to answer questions about the duration and intensity of activities and/or concepts related to travel modes,active trips,and organized activities.Many parents/guardians were unsure about the frequency,duration,and intensity of their children's or adolescents'PA at school and/or recommended using more culturally relevant and appropriate images.Some participants misunderstood the concept of activities that“make you stronger”(intended to assess resistance activities)and/or struggled to differentiate between work,volunteering,and chores.Conclusion:Participants'feedback was used to develop a revised,simplified,and culturally adapted GAC-PAQ,which will be pilot-tested in all15 countries in an App that will include country-specific images and narration in local languages.Further research is needed to assess the reliability and validity of the revised GAC-PAQ.展开更多
Nanjing,capital city of present-day Jiangsu Province and once the capital of six dynasties,is home to a rich collection of cultural relics that bear witness to thousands of years of Chinese civilization.
Ningxia is an ethnic gathering area boasting abundant tourism and cultural resources.Developing the cause of tourism and culture is an important way to encourage all ethnic groups to respect differences,embrace divers...Ningxia is an ethnic gathering area boasting abundant tourism and cultural resources.Developing the cause of tourism and culture is an important way to encourage all ethnic groups to respect differences,embrace diversity,and demonstrate their interactions,exchanges,and integration in tourism activities.As an important preserve of the distinctive cultures of the Chinese nation and a prominent world tourist destination,Ningxia should strive to foster and consolidate the sense of a community with a shared future for the Chinese nation in developing its tourism and culture under the new historical conditions.It is imperative to advance the prosperity and development of tourism and culture in boosting ethnic interactions,exchanges,and integration through the formulation of tourism and cultural policies and plans,as well as the development and design of tourism and cultural projects.展开更多
The fertile soil of the countryside is also rich in artistic inspiration.“If farmers pick up a brush,they can become artists.If one devotes oneself wholeheartedly to something,a stroke of genius will follow,”said Mi...The fertile soil of the countryside is also rich in artistic inspiration.“If farmers pick up a brush,they can become artists.If one devotes oneself wholeheartedly to something,a stroke of genius will follow,”said Miao Huixin,a cultural envoy to Shengfeng Village in Youchegang Town,Xiuzhou District,Jiaxing City,Zhejiang Province.展开更多
A New Chapter of the Century-Old Palace Museum Oriental Outlook Issue 24,2025 The Palace Museum,the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties(1368-1911),opened to the public in 1925.Rather than a group of static ...A New Chapter of the Century-Old Palace Museum Oriental Outlook Issue 24,2025 The Palace Museum,the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties(1368-1911),opened to the public in 1925.Rather than a group of static ancient buildings,it stands today as a dynamic cultural organism filled with invaluable collections of cultural relics preserved by generations of artisans and now displayed to the world through digital technology in long-lasting exhibitions.展开更多
基金supported by the public welfare program of the Ministry of Environmental Protection of China(No.201509008)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51308527)
文摘The potential health risks of airborne bacteria emission from a wastewater treatment process have been concerned. However, few studies have investigated the differences in community structure between indoor and outdoor bacteria. In this work, the characterization of airborne bacteria was studied in a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Beijing, China. Two indoor（i.e., fine screen room and sludge dewatering house） and two outdoor（i.e., aeration tank and control site） sampling sites were selected. An Andersen six-stage impactor was used for collecting culturable airborne bacteria in the air, and Illumina MiSeq sequencing was conducted to track the emission source of the culturable airborne bacteria. The results indicate that, compared with the outdoor aeration tank site, the concentrations of culturable airborne bacteria in the indoor fine screen room with poor ventilation were more than ten times higher and the particle size was about twice as large. The community structures of indoor and outdoor culturable airborne bacteria were obviously different. Enterobacteriaceae and opportunistic pathogens were detected in indoor culturable airborne bacteria, with wastewater and sludge dewatering machine identified as the primary sources. Conversely,Enterobacteriaceae and opportunistic pathogens were not detected in outdoor culturable airborne bacteria. Outdoor high wind speed might have resulted in rapid dilution and mixing of culturable airborne bacteria generated from the aeration tank with the ambient air. The results of the present research suggest that covering pollution sources, increasing ventilation rates, and using protective measures for personnel should be implemented to decrease the exposure risk to indoor culturable airborne bacteria.
基金This work was supported by the National 863 Programm of China "Bioengineering Technique Project 2002A2104101
文摘Objective To investigate the potential effects of herbicide quinclorac (3,7-dichloro-8-quinoline-carboxylic) on the culturable microorganisms in flooded paddy soil. Methods Total soil aerobic bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi were counted by a 10-fold serial dilution plate technique. Numbers of anaerobic fermentative bacteria (AFB), denitrifying bacteria (DNB) and hydrogen-producing acetogenic bacteria (HPAB) were numerated by three-tube anaerobic most-probable-number (MPN) methods with anaerobic liquid enrichment media. The number of methanogenic bacteria (MB) and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB) was determined by the rolling tube method in triplicate. Soil respiration was monitored by a 102G-type gas chromatography with a stainless steel column filled with GDX-104 and a thermal conductivity detector. Results Quinclorac concentration was an important factor affecting the populations of various culturable microorganisms. There were some significant differences in the aerobic heterotrophic bacteria. AFB and DNB between soils were supplemented with quinclorac and non-quinclorac at the early stage of incubation, but none of them was persistent. The number of fungi and DNB was increased in soil samples treated by lower than 1.33μg·g-1 dried soil, while the CFU of fungi and HPAB was inhibited in soil samples treated by higher than 1.33μg·g-1 dried soil. The population of actinomycete declined in negative proportion to the concentrations of quinclorac applied after 4 days. However, application of quinclorac greatly stimulated the growth of AFB and NFB. MB was more sensitive to quinclorac than the others, and the three soil samples with concentrations higher than 1 μg·g-1 dried soil declined significantly to less than 40% of that in the control, but the number of samples with lower concentrations of quinclorac was nearly equal to that in the control at the end of experiments. Conclusion Quinclorac is safe to the soil microorganisms when applied at normal concentrations (0.67μg·g-1).
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China-United Fund(No.U1406402-5)the Postdoctoral Researcher Applied Research Project Funding of Qingdao,China(No.Q51201407)the International Cooperation and Exchanges in Science and Technology(No.2014DFG30890)
文摘The Drake Passage is located between the Antarctic Peninsula and Tierra del Fuego in the south of South America.Surface seawater samples were collected at seven sites in the Drake Passage during the austral summer of 2012.The 16 S rRNA sequences were analyzed from 187 isolated bacterial strains.Three phyla,29 genera and 56 species were identified.The three phyla were Actinobacteria,Firmicutes and Proteobacteria;the Proteobacteria included a-Proteobacteria,P-Proteobacteria and y-Proteobacteria.y-Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria and Firmicutes were the dominant class or phyla in terms of quantity and species.Gram-positive bacteria(Actinobacteria and Firmicutes) accounted for 57.8% of all types identified.There were nine dominant genera,including Curtobacterium,Staphylococcus,and Halomonas,and 14 dominant species including Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens,Curtobacterium pusillum,and Staphylococcus sciuri.Of the strains identified,87.2% were catalase positive or weakly positive.
基金financially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(41771117 and 41877540)the China National Key Research and Development Plan(2017FY100200)+1 种基金the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research program(2019QZKK0305)the Key Research and Development project of Zhejiang Province(2018C02031)
文摘Soil fungi play a key role in soil functional performance and ecological restoration.To understand the diversity and composition of culturable fungi in soils of Horqin Sandy Land,China,mobile dune,semi-fixed dune,fixed dune and sandy grassland were selected to investigate the soil fungal diversity using a traditional culture-dependent approach.ITS sequencing was applied to identify the fungal strains.The counts of culturable fungi increased significantly from mobile dune to sandy grassland along the gradient of sandy land restoration.The Shannon-Wiener,Simpson and Evenness indices of culturable fungi ranged from 1.26-1.71,0.22-0.37 and 0.83-0.87,respectively.A total of 27 fungal strains were isolated using dilution plate cultural technique.The 27 fungal isolates were clustered into three groups:Ascomycota,Basidiomycota and Mucoromycota at phylum level,indicating that Ascomycota was the dominant fungal phylum(88.9%of the total).The isolated fungi were grouped into 3 phyla,5 classes,6 orders,11 families and 13 genera.The results show that culturable fungi were diverse in sandy land soils and fungal isolates have potential function in lipid turnover,cellulose degradation and ethanol,glucose and fatty acid production.Future studies should be carried out to explore their ecological and biological function for degraded sandy land restoration.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31870479,31570498,and 41801045)the Key Foreign Cooperation Projects of the Bureau of International Cooperation of Chinese Academy of Sciences(131B62KYSB20160014)
文摘Microbes inhabiting the desert respond sensitively to environmental changes and may be an indicator for changes in the desert ecosystem.Hypolithic microbial communities in the desert play a vital role in ecosystem processes such as soil formation and organic matter accumulation.This study investigated and compared the culturable bacterial community structure and diversity in hypolithic and peripheral soils,and the interaction between bacteria and environmental factors.The bacteria were isolated using four different kinds of media and identified by 16S rRNA gene-sequence analysis.The numbers of culturable bacteria in the hypolithic and peripheral soils ranged from 3.0×104 to 3.6×105 CFU/g and from 6.5×104 to 5.3×105 CFU/g,respectively,indicating that the bacteria number in peripheral soil was higher than that in hypolithic soil.A total of 98 species belonging to 34 genera were identified,among which Arthrobacter,Bacillus,and Streptomyces were found dominantly and widely distributed.The community of culturable bacteria had obvious sample specificity,and the diversity in hypolithic soil was higher than that in peripheral soil.On the regional scale,the distribution of culturable bacteria and the environmental factors showed regular changes.On the local scale,the high heterogeneity of the hypolithic environment determined the specificity of the number and species of culturable bacteria.
基金Supported by the Specific Research Fund of the Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province(YSPTZX202151).
文摘[Objectives]The paper was to analyze the structure of the culturable bacterial communities in healthy areca palms and those affected by yellow leaf disease(YLD).[Methods]The quantification and isolation of culturable bacteria present in the leaves,roots,and rhizosphere soil of both healthy areca palms and those exhibiting symptoms of YLD within the same orchard were conducted.Furthermore,a differential analysis of the bacterial community structure was conducted.[Results]The bacterial count was observed to be greater in healthy areca palm samples compared to those exhibiting disease symptoms.Furthermore,the diversity of bacterial species in healthy areca palm samples surpassed that found in diseased samples.Notably,the bacterial genera that exhibited significant differences between healthy and diseased areca palms included Bacillus velezensis,Paenibacillus validus,Alcaligenes faecalis,Burkholderia territorii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,etc.[Conclusions]This study may offer data support and technical guidance for the effective prevention and control of YLD in areca palm in the future.
文摘To understand the diversity of culturable fungi in soil at alpine sites, Rhododendron fruticosa shrubland, Salix cupularis fruticosa shrubland, and Dasiphoru fruticosa shrubland of the Eastern Qilian Mountains were selected to investigate. Three methods, including tradi- tional culturing, rDNA internal transcribed spacer （ITS） sequence analysis, and economical efficiency analysis, were carried out to estimate the diversity of soil culturable fungi of these three alpine shmblands. A total of 35 strains of culturable fungi were cultured by dilution plate technique and were analyzed by rDNA ITS sequence. The diversity indices such as species abundance （S）, Shannon-Wiener index （H）, Simpson dominance index （D）, and Pielou evenness index （3） of Rhododendron fruticosa shrubland, Salix cupularis fruticosa shrubland, and Dasiphoru fruticosa shrubland were ranged between 16 and 17, 2.66-2.71, 0.92, 0.95~）.97 respectively. The results showed that the diversity of soil fungi were abundant in these three types of alpine shrub grasslands, while further study should be done to explore their potential value.
文摘At dawn in Wufu Village,in Dinghu District of Zhaoqing City,Guangdong Province,the newly restored Chaoyangli Cultural Retreat is already welcoming its first visitors.A visitor surnamed Chen,who has travelled from Guangzhou with his child,stops in front of the Chaxi Academy to admire local intangible cultural heritage crafts.
文摘China’s booming performing arts sector is reshaping cultural experiences and creating vibrant new spaces for leisure,tourism and creativity The year 2025 marked a period of vigorous expansion for China’s performing arts sector,as the industry evolved from a traditional entertainment field into a comprehensive engine of cultural consumption.
文摘A Tibetan art form bridges the past and present and connects cultures around the world.THANGKA,a unique form of Tibetan sacred painting,is gaining prominence globally due to its vibrant colors,exquisite craftsmanship,and profound religious and cultural significance.With the acceleration of globalization,this symbol of Tibetan culture that combines artistic expression with spirituality has become a bridge for cultural exchange between the East and the West.Recently,China Today spoke to Yixi Puncog,art collector and council member of the China Association for Preservation and Development of Tibetan Culture,to learn more about Thangka art,its role in international exchange,and how it is enhancing China’s cultural soft power.
基金Philosophy and Social Sciences Research Project of Shandong Higher Education Institutions:“Research on the Double Helix Mechanism of Yellow River Culture Empowering Ideological and Political Education in Universities from the Perspective of Cultural Confidence Cultivation”(2025ZSYB077)Youth Key Project of Shandong Humanities and Social Sciences Research Project,“Research on Integrating Yellow River Culture into the Cultivation of University Students’Cultural Confidence”Shandong Higher Education Institutions Young Innovation Team Program:“Yellow River Delta Ecological Protection and Governance Innovation Team”(2023RW036).
文摘Guided by the significant theoretical principle of the“Two Integrations”and grounded in Marxist cultural theory as its methodological basis,this paper constructs a bidirectional interpretative model linking“Yellow River Culture”with“Cultural Confidence”.It proposes an integrated“Objective-Content-Path-Support”framework.Through the synergy of three-dimensional objectives,adaptation of stratified content,innovation in four-dimensional pathways,and support from a three-dimensional guarantee system,this framework establishes a closed-loop operational mechanism of“Curriculum-Practice-Evaluation-Feedback”.The study focuses on core issues in integrating Yellow River culture into university education practices,such as content construction,methodological pathways,and institutional guarantees.It aims to provide a systematic reference for universities to fulfill their fundamental task of“fostering virtue and cultivating talent”and to serve the national strategies for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,China(Grant No.KFB22045)the General Program of Natural Science Foundation Fujian,China(Grant No.2023J01460).
文摘The doubled haploid(DH)technique accelerates homozygosity by inducing chromosome doubling in haploid embryos derived from hybrid plants.This approach offers significant advantages over conventional rice breeding methods by shortening the breeding cycle and enabling rapid development of pure homozygous lines.Anther culture(AC)has been established as an efficient and successful method for producing DH plants via androgenesis in rice.However,despite its success in japonica rice.
文摘This work examines media through a decolonial lens,centring Dagba$epistemologies to demonstrate how African languages,cultures,and traditions can transform how we think of knowledge.Focusing on film,television and radio in Ghanaian African languages,the book argues for a decolonial politics and praxis in co-creating knowledge with Indigenous communities.It critically links the struggles of global majority countries,showing how colonialism and imperialism obstruct liberatory futures,while foregrounding African language media as vital tools for cultural and epistemological decolonisation.Heralded as part of an unstoppable shift away from Eurocentrism,the book is distinguished by its radical feminist subaltern analysis and its deep grounding in lived experience from Northern Ghana.By excavating local agency within the digital mediascape,Mohammed o!ers a crucial historical and political-economic theorisation of media practice and consumption.
基金National Social Science Fund project“Research on the Narrative of the Sense of Community for the Chinese Nation in Southwest Nuo Opera”(24XMZ063).
文摘The Nuo mask is the core visual vehicle within China’s Nuo culture and constitutes a complex symbolic system through facial features(icons),patterns(indexes),and colors(symbols).Within the context of intangible cultural heritage(ICH)preservation,its value lies in the continuation and revitalization of its dynamic symbolic functions.Grounded in semiotic theory,this paper elaborates on three core dimensions of symbolic value manifested by Nuo masks in ICH preservation:a ritual symbol for living transmission,a symbol of identity for collective memory,and an aesthetic symbol as a source of creativity.
文摘Recently,the China National Intellectual Property Administration released the"List of Enterprises Approved to Use the Geographical Indication Logo."The"Wujiang Silk"geographical indication logo has been renewed and launched.This official approval serves to distinguish and celebrate the quality and cultural heritage of Shengze silk,and the use of this symbol is a testament to that distinction.Three enterprises from Shengze have been approved to use the logo:Saint Joy,Huajia Silk,and Xinmin Silk.
基金supported by a Project Grant(Grant No.PJT183705)an Early Career Investigator Prize(Grant No.ECP 184184)from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research+7 种基金a Prentice Institute Research Affiliate Fund Grant from the Prentice Institute for Global Population and Economy(Grant No.G00004116)a Te Herenga Waka Victoria University of Wellington Division of Science Health Engineering Architecture and Design Innovation Faculty Strategic Research Grant(Grant No.FSRG-SHEADI-10724)The Thailand Physical Activity Knowledge Development Centre(TPAK)/Thai Health Promotion Foundation provided funding for the cognitive interviews and pilot study in Thailand(Grant No.66-P1-0473)The University Pablo de Olavide provided a scholarship for 2 undergraduate students working on the project(codes PPI2207 and PPI2308)In the Czech Republicthe study was supported by Palacky University IGA(Grant No.IGA_FTK_2023_017)supported by the Division of Intramural Research at the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities of the National Institutes of Healthsupported by the Key Project of the National Philosophy and Social Science Foundation of China(23&ZD197)。
文摘Background:Investigators from low-,middle-,and high-income countries representing 6 continents contributed to the development of the Global Adolescent and Child Physical Activity Questionnaire(GAC-PAQ).The GAC-PAQ is designed to assess physical activity(PA)across all key domains(i.e.,school,chores,work/volunteering,transport,free time,outdoor time).It aimed to address multiple gaps in global PA surveillance(e.g.,omission of important PA domains,insufficient cultural adaptation,underrepresentation of rural areas in questionnaire validation studies).The purpose of this study was to assess the content validity of the GAC-PAQ among PA experts,8-to 17-year-olds,and one of their parents/guardians,and to discuss changes made to the questionnaire based on participants'feedback.Methods:Sixty-two experts in PA measurement and/or surveillance from 24 countries completed an online survey that included both closed-and open-ended questions about the content validity of the GAC-PAQ.The proportion of experts who agreed or strongly agreed with the items was calculated.Child-parent/guardian dyads from 15 countries(n=250;10-40 per country)participated in a structured cognitive interview to assess the clarity of the questions and response options,and they were encouraged to provide suggestions to improve clarity and facilitate completion of the questionnaire.Participating countries are:Aotearoa New Zealand,Brazil,Canada,China,Colombia,Czech Republic,India,Malawi,Mexico,Nepal,Nigeria,Spain,Sweden,Thailand,and the United Arab Emirates.Interviews were conducted in 13 different languages and structured by PA domain.Generic images were included to help participants in answering questions about PA intensity.Results:Expert agreement with the items for each domain exceeded 75%,and their qualitative feedback was used to revise the questionnaire before cognitive interviews.In general,participants found the questionnaire to be comprehensive.Adolescents(12-17 years)found it easier than children(8-11 years)to answer the questions.Several children struggled to answer questions about the duration and intensity of activities and/or concepts related to travel modes,active trips,and organized activities.Many parents/guardians were unsure about the frequency,duration,and intensity of their children's or adolescents'PA at school and/or recommended using more culturally relevant and appropriate images.Some participants misunderstood the concept of activities that“make you stronger”(intended to assess resistance activities)and/or struggled to differentiate between work,volunteering,and chores.Conclusion:Participants'feedback was used to develop a revised,simplified,and culturally adapted GAC-PAQ,which will be pilot-tested in all15 countries in an App that will include country-specific images and narration in local languages.Further research is needed to assess the reliability and validity of the revised GAC-PAQ.
文摘Nanjing,capital city of present-day Jiangsu Province and once the capital of six dynasties,is home to a rich collection of cultural relics that bear witness to thousands of years of Chinese civilization.
文摘Ningxia is an ethnic gathering area boasting abundant tourism and cultural resources.Developing the cause of tourism and culture is an important way to encourage all ethnic groups to respect differences,embrace diversity,and demonstrate their interactions,exchanges,and integration in tourism activities.As an important preserve of the distinctive cultures of the Chinese nation and a prominent world tourist destination,Ningxia should strive to foster and consolidate the sense of a community with a shared future for the Chinese nation in developing its tourism and culture under the new historical conditions.It is imperative to advance the prosperity and development of tourism and culture in boosting ethnic interactions,exchanges,and integration through the formulation of tourism and cultural policies and plans,as well as the development and design of tourism and cultural projects.
文摘The fertile soil of the countryside is also rich in artistic inspiration.“If farmers pick up a brush,they can become artists.If one devotes oneself wholeheartedly to something,a stroke of genius will follow,”said Miao Huixin,a cultural envoy to Shengfeng Village in Youchegang Town,Xiuzhou District,Jiaxing City,Zhejiang Province.
文摘A New Chapter of the Century-Old Palace Museum Oriental Outlook Issue 24,2025 The Palace Museum,the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties(1368-1911),opened to the public in 1925.Rather than a group of static ancient buildings,it stands today as a dynamic cultural organism filled with invaluable collections of cultural relics preserved by generations of artisans and now displayed to the world through digital technology in long-lasting exhibitions.
