Goosegrass is a worst grass weed in orchards and turf.The increased use of glyphosate for goosegrass control has led to the occurrence of many resistant populations.Although glyphosate has been used to control weeds f...Goosegrass is a worst grass weed in orchards and turf.The increased use of glyphosate for goosegrass control has led to the occurrence of many resistant populations.Although glyphosate has been used to control weeds for the past 30 years in China,few reports are available on glyphosate-resistant（GR） googegrass.In this study,we determined the GR level of 14 goosegrass populations from Chengdu and Guangzhou,China.Glyphosate only controlled 3.1 and 25.0%of the populations SL5 and SL1,respectively,at the dose of 1 680 g acid equivalent（ae） ha^（-1） at 14 days after treatment（DAT）.In contrast,the susceptible population（XD1） was completely（100%） controlled.The resistant index（Rl） of SL5 and SL1 were 5.1 and 4.5,and the Rl for SL2,SL3 and ZC1 were 4.2,3.2 and 2.6,respectively.The Rl for other populations was range from 1.8 to 2.5.Under the dose of glyphosate at 1 640 g ae ha^-1 at 10 DAT,shikimate accumulation in susceptible population XD1 was 17.6 and 16.4 times higher than SL5 and SL1,respectively.And the chlorophyll content in the plant leaf of populations SL1,SL2 and SL5 were decreased slightly ranging from 22.6 to 28.0.These results confirmed that the SL1,SL2,SL3,ZC1 and SL5 populations had evolved moderate resistance to glyphosate.This is the first report for the GR goosegrass populations confirmed in Chengdu,China.展开更多
Since the F_(5)(2005),three winter wheat composite cross populations(CCPs)based on germplasm specifically suitable for low-input conditions were subjected to natural selection under organic and conventional management...Since the F_(5)(2005),three winter wheat composite cross populations(CCPs)based on germplasm specifically suitable for low-input conditions were subjected to natural selection under organic and conventional management.In the F_(6),each CCP was divided into two parallel populations(12 CCPs in total)and maintained continuously until 2018.Commonly used modern cultivars with different disease susceptibilities were grown alongside to assess the agronomic performance of the CCPs.The organically managed CCPs were comparable in yield and foliar disease resistance to two continuously used reference cultivars,Achat and Capo.In contrast,under conventional management the cv.Capo outyielded the CCPs(Achat was not tested),highlighting the importance of parental cultivar choice for specific management systems.The CCPs were found to be moderately resistant to brown rust and even to the newly emerged stripe rust races prevalent in Europe since 2011.Differences between the CCPs were mainly due to parental genetic background and were significant in the first five generations,but were no longer so in the last five generations.In addition,these differences tended to vary depending on the experimental year and the environmental stresses present.In conclusion,the CCPs despite being derived from older cultivars are able to compete with more recently released reference cultivars under organic farming practices and represent a dynamic germplasm resource.展开更多
基金funded by the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest,China(201303022)
文摘Goosegrass is a worst grass weed in orchards and turf.The increased use of glyphosate for goosegrass control has led to the occurrence of many resistant populations.Although glyphosate has been used to control weeds for the past 30 years in China,few reports are available on glyphosate-resistant（GR） googegrass.In this study,we determined the GR level of 14 goosegrass populations from Chengdu and Guangzhou,China.Glyphosate only controlled 3.1 and 25.0%of the populations SL5 and SL1,respectively,at the dose of 1 680 g acid equivalent（ae） ha^（-1） at 14 days after treatment（DAT）.In contrast,the susceptible population（XD1） was completely（100%） controlled.The resistant index（Rl） of SL5 and SL1 were 5.1 and 4.5,and the Rl for SL2,SL3 and ZC1 were 4.2,3.2 and 2.6,respectively.The Rl for other populations was range from 1.8 to 2.5.Under the dose of glyphosate at 1 640 g ae ha^-1 at 10 DAT,shikimate accumulation in susceptible population XD1 was 17.6 and 16.4 times higher than SL5 and SL1,respectively.And the chlorophyll content in the plant leaf of populations SL1,SL2 and SL5 were decreased slightly ranging from 22.6 to 28.0.These results confirmed that the SL1,SL2,SL3,ZC1 and SL5 populations had evolved moderate resistance to glyphosate.This is the first report for the GR goosegrass populations confirmed in Chengdu,China.
基金This work was financed partly through the“Zentrale Forschungsförderung”University of Kassel,“Bundesprogramm Okologischer Landbau und andere Formen nachhaltiger Landwirtschaft”Project No.2812OE021 in the framework of CORE Organic II and through the INSUSFAR(INnovative approaches to optimize genetic diversity for SUStainable FARming systems of the future)Project(FKZ 031A350C)financed by the“Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung”in the framework of the IPAS(Innovative Pflanzenzüchtung im Anbausystem)Initiative and the EU-project ReMIX(Horizon 2020 Project No.727217).
文摘Since the F_(5)(2005),three winter wheat composite cross populations(CCPs)based on germplasm specifically suitable for low-input conditions were subjected to natural selection under organic and conventional management.In the F_(6),each CCP was divided into two parallel populations(12 CCPs in total)and maintained continuously until 2018.Commonly used modern cultivars with different disease susceptibilities were grown alongside to assess the agronomic performance of the CCPs.The organically managed CCPs were comparable in yield and foliar disease resistance to two continuously used reference cultivars,Achat and Capo.In contrast,under conventional management the cv.Capo outyielded the CCPs(Achat was not tested),highlighting the importance of parental cultivar choice for specific management systems.The CCPs were found to be moderately resistant to brown rust and even to the newly emerged stripe rust races prevalent in Europe since 2011.Differences between the CCPs were mainly due to parental genetic background and were significant in the first five generations,but were no longer so in the last five generations.In addition,these differences tended to vary depending on the experimental year and the environmental stresses present.In conclusion,the CCPs despite being derived from older cultivars are able to compete with more recently released reference cultivars under organic farming practices and represent a dynamic germplasm resource.
