This article proposes a quantified SWOT framework which integrates fuzzy linguistic preference relation to evaluate the competitive position of Abidjan container terminal in West Africa. The integration of fuzzy lingu...This article proposes a quantified SWOT framework which integrates fuzzy linguistic preference relation to evaluate the competitive position of Abidjan container terminal in West Africa. The integration of fuzzy linguistic preference relation in the quantified SWOT framework circumvents the difficulties in terms of data collection and consistency of judgment matrices prevailing in the conventional AHP and Fuzzy AHP. Moreover, the study provides relevant evidences about the key internal and external attributes shipping lines considered as important and hence the attributes that ports/ terminals most need to enhance in order to improve their attractiveness and be well positioned in the market. On the other hand, the change in terminals competitive position between 2010 and 2013 highlights that the difficulties of West African ports in attracting customers in the sub-region are not only related to internal problems such as inadequate infrastructures, facilities or inefficiency, but significant political and economic constraint outside the ports constraints their competitiveness.展开更多
In this article,we examine the syntactic derivation of subject wh-words in Jordanian Arabic.Firstly,we provide empirical evidence that questions with a subject wh-word are syntactically derived by overt movement of th...In this article,we examine the syntactic derivation of subject wh-words in Jordanian Arabic.Firstly,we provide empirical evidence that questions with a subject wh-word are syntactically derived by overt movement of the given subject wh-word to the left periphery.This empirical evidence is based on the position of the subject wh-words to the left of the high IP adverbials,including epistemic adverbials and evidentials,as well as the position of the subject wh-words relative to topical elements.Secondly,we examine the intriguing ban on the use of subject wh-words in VSO sentences although non-interrogative subjects are permitted to occur in such clauses,and other wh-words may appear in their thematic positions(given the appropriate context).We show that this ban results from the effects of a proposed economy-driven condition that disallows the use of an expletive(to fill Spec,TP)while the thematic subject is available(in Spec,vP).Additionally,we show that this ban results from the interactions of the effects of criterial freezing and the conditions that licence elements in the low IP area.展开更多
On January 11th,2007 the price ofWTI (West Texas intermediate) crudeoil futures dropped to the lowestpoint of US$51,9 per barrel sinceJune 2005.The National Develop-ment and Reform Commission(NDRC) issued a notice on ...On January 11th,2007 the price ofWTI (West Texas intermediate) crudeoil futures dropped to the lowestpoint of US$51,9 per barrel sinceJune 2005.The National Develop-ment and Reform Commission(NDRC) issued a notice on January14th,2007 deciding to reduce theprice of gasoline by RMB220 per tonto RMB4 980 per ton from the sameday.The ex-factory price of aviationkerosene was also down by RMB90per ton.It is the first downward re-adjustment to the price of oil prod-ucts since May 2005.Factors for readjustments to theprice of oil Products include展开更多
文摘This article proposes a quantified SWOT framework which integrates fuzzy linguistic preference relation to evaluate the competitive position of Abidjan container terminal in West Africa. The integration of fuzzy linguistic preference relation in the quantified SWOT framework circumvents the difficulties in terms of data collection and consistency of judgment matrices prevailing in the conventional AHP and Fuzzy AHP. Moreover, the study provides relevant evidences about the key internal and external attributes shipping lines considered as important and hence the attributes that ports/ terminals most need to enhance in order to improve their attractiveness and be well positioned in the market. On the other hand, the change in terminals competitive position between 2010 and 2013 highlights that the difficulties of West African ports in attracting customers in the sub-region are not only related to internal problems such as inadequate infrastructures, facilities or inefficiency, but significant political and economic constraint outside the ports constraints their competitiveness.
文摘In this article,we examine the syntactic derivation of subject wh-words in Jordanian Arabic.Firstly,we provide empirical evidence that questions with a subject wh-word are syntactically derived by overt movement of the given subject wh-word to the left periphery.This empirical evidence is based on the position of the subject wh-words to the left of the high IP adverbials,including epistemic adverbials and evidentials,as well as the position of the subject wh-words relative to topical elements.Secondly,we examine the intriguing ban on the use of subject wh-words in VSO sentences although non-interrogative subjects are permitted to occur in such clauses,and other wh-words may appear in their thematic positions(given the appropriate context).We show that this ban results from the effects of a proposed economy-driven condition that disallows the use of an expletive(to fill Spec,TP)while the thematic subject is available(in Spec,vP).Additionally,we show that this ban results from the interactions of the effects of criterial freezing and the conditions that licence elements in the low IP area.
文摘On January 11th,2007 the price ofWTI (West Texas intermediate) crudeoil futures dropped to the lowestpoint of US$51,9 per barrel sinceJune 2005.The National Develop-ment and Reform Commission(NDRC) issued a notice on January14th,2007 deciding to reduce theprice of gasoline by RMB220 per tonto RMB4 980 per ton from the sameday.The ex-factory price of aviationkerosene was also down by RMB90per ton.It is the first downward re-adjustment to the price of oil prod-ucts since May 2005.Factors for readjustments to theprice of oil Products include
