The article examines the world experience of e-learning as well as distance education technologies within the education process organization on higher and post-higher education programs.There have been listed the resu...The article examines the world experience of e-learning as well as distance education technologies within the education process organization on higher and post-higher education programs.There have been listed the results of the most popular e-learning platforms analysis.Furthermore,there have been looked through the core legislative background of the development of the mentioned technologies in Russia and worldwide among the universities,specialized in seafarers training.There have been also drawn up the points of the Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping(Admiral Makarov SUMIS)design of the distance education system LMS"FARWATER"in compliance with the International Convention on Standards of Training,Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers(STCW Convention).The practical application of distance education system to the advanced professional training has been discussed in the article.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the clinical effect of sensory integration training combined with cognitive training in the rehabilitation treatment of children with mental retardation.Methods:A total of 120 children with mental...Objective:To analyze the clinical effect of sensory integration training combined with cognitive training in the rehabilitation treatment of children with mental retardation.Methods:A total of 120 children with mental retardation who received rehabilitation intervention in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2025 were selected and divided into a control group and an experimental group,with 60 children in each group.The control group adopted a conventional rehabilitation training program;the experimental group adopted a combined sensory integration training and cognitive training program.The sensory integration ability,cognitive function,and daily living skills of children in the two groups were compared.Results:The sensory integration ability score of the experimental group(85.3±6.2)was significantly higher than that of the control group(72.1±7.5)(p<0.05);the cognitive function score(88.7±5.8)was significantly improved compared with that of the control group(76.4±6.9)(p<0.05);the daily living skills score(90.2±4.7)was significantly higher than that of the control group(80.5±5.3)(p<0.05).The social interaction ability of the experimental group reached 92.5%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(81.3%)(p<0.05).Conclusion:Sensory integration training combined with cognitive training demonstrates favorable outcomes in the rehabilitation treatment of children with mental retardation,exhibiting a notable neurofunctional remodeling effect.It can optimize the multidimensional rehabilitation process,effectively enhance the comprehensive developmental potential of children,and hold significant clinical application value.展开更多
Kiehl and colleagues1 utilized data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative(OAI)to address a clinically significant question:Is lifetime participation in strength training(ST)associated with improved trajectories of pain,f...Kiehl and colleagues1 utilized data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative(OAI)to address a clinically significant question:Is lifetime participation in strength training(ST)associated with improved trajectories of pain,function,and mobility in individuals with knee osteoarthritis(OA)?Among 3192 participants,those classified as“Lifelong ST”(n=142)demonstrated superior 4-year patient-reported outcomes and exhibited the lowest incidence of mobility disability(0.8%vs 2.3%–4.1%).Notably,they also maintained the fastest walking speeds at Year 4.展开更多
Background Obesity is a risk factor for developing cardiometabolic disease.Exercise training is pivotal in the treatment of obesity and is associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality.This study examined the effec...Background Obesity is a risk factor for developing cardiometabolic disease.Exercise training is pivotal in the treatment of obesity and is associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality.This study examined the effect of high-fat feeding on cardiac morphology and mitochondrial function,alongside the mitigating effects of voluntary exercise training.Methods Six-week-old male C57Bl/6 J mice commenced a high fat diet(HFD)or chow diet and were randomized to receive locked(sedentary)or unlocked(voluntary exercise training(VET))running wheels at 10 weeks of age.Mice were monitored until 30 weeks of age and euthanized for collection of tissues.Magnetic resonance imaging was performed to assess body composition,and echocardiography was performed to assess cardiac function.Results Compared with chow-fed animals,the HFD increased body weight and adiposity and decreased cardiolipins(CL)in the heart,which are required for maintaining adequate mitochondrial respiration.Importantly,VET reversed these effects and induced physiological cardiac hypertrophy.Cardiac mitochondrial respiratory chain analysis revealed decreased complexes II and IV activity following high fat feeding,while VET enhanced complex I activity,emphasizing the cardioprotective effect of exercise training in obesity.Conclusion This study uncovers mechanisms by which obesity and exercise impact cardiac mitochondrial health and suggests the mitochondria is a therapeutic target in obesity-related cardiovascular diseases.展开更多
Background This study compared knee osteoarthritis(OA)outcomes specific to pain,physical function,and quality of life in later life based on strength training(ST)participation over a lifetime.Methods Participants from...Background This study compared knee osteoarthritis(OA)outcomes specific to pain,physical function,and quality of life in later life based on strength training(ST)participation over a lifetime.Methods Participants from the Osteoarthritis Initiative(n=3192)were grouped by ST engagement during ages 12–18 years,19–34 years,35–49 years,and 50+years.Participants were categorized as:No ST(no ST at any point;61.7±9.0 years(mean±SD)),Some ST(engaged in ST during 1–3 life stages;58.9±8.7 years),and Lifelong ST(consistently engaged in ST across all life stages;55.6±8.1 years).Measures were collected at baseline and Year 4:Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index Scores(WOMAC;pain,daily activities),Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score(KOOS;sports,recreation),Physical Activity Score for the Elderly(PASE),Short Form-12 Physical Component Score(SF-12 PCS),mobility disability,chair rise time,and walking speed(20 m and 400 m).Results At Year 4,the Lifelong ST group reported better WOMAC activity scores in the right knee along with better WOMAC pain,KOOS sports/recreation,and PASE scores compared to other groups(p<0.05).The Lifelong ST group had the lowest incidence of mobility disability of all groups(0.8%vs.2.3%–4.1%;p=0.015)and maintained the fastest walking speeds in Year 4.Conclusion For those with knee OA,ST throughout life may help preserve function and mobility,allowing for greater physical activity engagement while keeping pain levels relatively lower.展开更多
Purpose: Individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) frequently experience negative emotions, which are closely correlated with an accelerated rate of cognitive decline and the subsequent transition to a state of...Purpose: Individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) frequently experience negative emotions, which are closely correlated with an accelerated rate of cognitive decline and the subsequent transition to a state of dementia. Despite networked cognitive training has been demonstrated to enhance cognitive function in MCI, its effectiveness for negative emotions is still unknown. This review aimed to exam the influences of networked cognitive training on negative emotions and quality of life in people with MCI. Methods: Searches for eligible studies were conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Psyc INFO, CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP database, and Sinomed. The retrieval time limit was set from their inception to 17 December 2025. The articles were reviewed and extracted by two researchers, and their quality was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool. Subsequently, a meta-analysis was carried out utilizing RevMan 5.4 software. Results: The review comprised 13 randomized controlled trials with 626 individuals. The meta-analysis demonstrated that networked cognitive training significantly improved depression (SMD = -0.36;95% CI [-0.73, -0.00];p = .050), anxiety (SMD = -0.32;95% CI [-0.57, -0.06];p < .050), and quality of life (MD = 2.54;95% CI [0.98, 4.10];p < .001). In terms of the comparison of apathy, the effect of intervention was unclear. Conclusions: From these meta-analysis results, networked cognitive training may help patients for MCI with their anxiety, depression, and overall quality of life. However, because there are so few randomized controlled trials available, the evidence regarding apathy is still ambiguous. More thorough randomized controlled trials with larger samples are necessary to verify the significance of networked cognitive training on apathy and to consolidate the findings.展开更多
This paper studies the structural response of high-speed train wipers under the combined action of complex flow fields and scraping actions.The stress concentration areas are determined through simulation analysis,and...This paper studies the structural response of high-speed train wipers under the combined action of complex flow fields and scraping actions.The stress concentration areas are determined through simulation analysis,and the stress and aerodynamic load measurement points are reasonably arranged accordingly.The actual measurement is carried out in combination with the operating conditions of the existing lines.The stress variations and spectral characteristics of the train under different speed levels(80,160,180,200 km/h),tunnel entry and exit,and scraper action conditions were compared and analyzed.The stress amplification factors under tunnel intersection and scraper action were obtained,providing boundary conditions for the design of wipers for highspeed s.The research results show that the maximum stress of the wiper structure obtained through simulation calculation is concentrated at the connection of the wiper arm.Structural stress increases with the rise of speed grade.The stress increases by 1.11 times when the tunnel meets.When the scraper operates,the stress on the scraper arm increases by 4.1–7.6 times.Due to the broadband excitation effect of the aerodynamic load,the spectral energy of the structure is relatively high at the natural frequency,which excites the natural mode of the wiper.展开更多
Background:This paper aimed to systematically review the literature regarding the effects of resistance training(RT)performed at longer-muscle length(LML)versus shorter-muscle length(SML)on proxy measurements for long...Background:This paper aimed to systematically review the literature regarding the effects of resistance training(RT)performed at longer-muscle length(LML)versus shorter-muscle length(SML)on proxy measurements for longitudinal hypertrophy.Methods:We included studies that satisfied the following criteria:(1)be a resistance training intervention with a comparison of LML vs SML-RT;(2)assess both fascicle length(FL)and muscle size pre-and post-intervention;(3)involve healthy adults aged≥18 years;(4)be published in an English-language journal,and;(5)have a minimum training intervention duration of 4 weeks.Three databases were searched in February 2024(Google Scholar,PubMed/Medline,Scopus)for relevant articles,alongside'forward'and'backward'citation searching of articles included and additions via authors'personal knowledge.The results of studies were described narratively,compared,and contrasted.Eight studies met the inclusion criteria,totaling a sample size of 120.Results:Our results suggest that both muscle size and fascicle length increases may be greater following LML-RT versus SML-RT,suggesting LML-RT may lead to greater longitudinal hypertrophy than SML-RT.Notably,evidence is largely mixed;no studies to date have attempted to estimate serial sarcomere number changes from LML versus SML-RT,and all but one study used linear extrapolation methods to estimate FL,which has questionable validity.Therefore,the structural adaptations underlying hypertrophy from LML-RT remain undetermined.Conclusion:In conclusion,results suggest that LML-RT may be superior to SML-RT for inducing muscle hypertrophy and,more specifically,longitudinal growth,though evidence is mixed.展开更多
Objectives:Postmenopausal women with stress urinary incontinence(SUI)exhibit low androgen expression.This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vaginal androgen combined with pelvic floor muscle training(...Objectives:Postmenopausal women with stress urinary incontinence(SUI)exhibit low androgen expression.This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vaginal androgen combined with pelvic floor muscle training(PFMT)in the treatment of SUI in postmenopausal women.Methods:Postmenopausal women with SUI were recruited from Hainan West Central Hospital between January 2024 and March 2025.Participants were randomly assigned in a double-blind manner to receive either vaginal androgen cream combined with PFMT(treatment group)or a visually identical placebo cream(without androgens)combined with PFMT(control group).The vaginal cream was applied to the vaginal wall at a dose of 0.5 g per application,twice weekly for a total of 10 applications,while PFMT was conducted for 8 weeks.The clinical efficacy and safety were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 61 patients were finally enrolled,with 31 in the treatment group and 30 in the control group.At both 3-month and 6-month follow-ups,the treatment group demonstrated significantly lower values in daily pad usage(p<0.05),24-h pad test scores(p<0.05),and ICIQ-UI SF scores(p<0.05)compared to the control group.The improvement rate of urinary incontinence was significantly higher in the treatment group(p<0.05).Compared to baseline,the treatment group showed statistically significant reductions in all three outcome measures(all p<0.05).No severe adverse events were reported in either group during the treatment period.Conclusions:Androgen therapy combined with PFMT significantly improved the urinary incontinence remission rate in postmenopausal women with SUI,with no severe adverse effects observed.These findings suggest that androgen therapy may represent a novel therapeutic approach for SUI management in postmenopausal women.展开更多
The axle box bearings of high-speed trains often operate in extremely harsh environments,bearing loads from different directions.Long-term operation and frequent changes in working conditions can easily lead to axle b...The axle box bearings of high-speed trains often operate in extremely harsh environments,bearing loads from different directions.Long-term operation and frequent changes in working conditions can easily lead to axle box bearing failures.Therefore,it is extremely important to study the mechanism of axle box bearings.Firstly,the medium of thermal deformation establishes a coupling relationship between the system dynamics model and the thermal grid model,and then obtains the thermal force coupling model of the high-speed train axle box bearing.The coupling model is validated from the perspectives of system dynamics response and temperature response,proving its effectiveness in system dynamics response and temperature characteristic response.Comparing the coupling model with the dynamics model,it is found that thermal deformation complicates the dynamic re-sponse.Finally,using the Lundberg-Palmgren(L-P)bearing fatigue calculation method and damage accumu-lation theory,the bearing fatigue life is calculated,and it is found that thermal deformation deteriorates the bearing operating environment,reducing the bearing fatigue life.Finally,by comparing the bearing fatigue life under different working conditions,it is concluded that the faster the vehicle speed,the greater the load,and the smaller the initial radial clearance of the bearing,the fatigue life of the bearing is reduced.The shorter the lifespan.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate the clinical efficacy of core stability training combined with conventional rehabilitation in the functional recovery of patients suffering from chronic low back pain.[Methods]A randomized c...[Objectives]To investigate the clinical efficacy of core stability training combined with conventional rehabilitation in the functional recovery of patients suffering from chronic low back pain.[Methods]A randomized controlled trial design was employed in this study.Ninety patients with chronic low back pain were recruited and randomly assigned to either a control group(n=45),which received conventional rehabilitation,or an experimental group(n=45),which received conventional rehabilitation combined with core stability training.Both groups underwent treatment for 6 weeks.Assessments were conducted using the visual analogue scale(VAS),Oswestry disability index(ODI),and finger-to-floor test prior to treatment,6 weeks following treatment,and during the follow-up period,respectively.[Results]Prior to treatment,no statistically significant differences were observed between the two patient groups in terms of general information and various baseline measurements(P>0.05).Following 6 weeks of treatment and throughout the follow-up period,both groups demonstrated significant improvements in VAS scores,ODI scores,and lumbar anteflexion range of motion compared to baseline measurements(P<0.05).Notably,the magnitude of improvement in the experimental group exceeded that of the control group,with this inter-group difference reaching statistical significance(P<0.05).No serious adverse reactions were reported during the treatment process.[Conclusions]Core stability training combined with conventional rehabilitation can significantly enhance the alleviation of pain and functional impairments in patients suffering from chronic low back pain.This approach holds valuable implications for the optimization of rehabilitation treatment protocols.展开更多
BACKGROUND Orthopaedic surgical education has traditionally depended on the apprenticeship model of“see one,do one,teach one”.However,reduced operative exposure,stricter work-hour regulations,medicolegal constraints...BACKGROUND Orthopaedic surgical education has traditionally depended on the apprenticeship model of“see one,do one,teach one”.However,reduced operative exposure,stricter work-hour regulations,medicolegal constraints,and patient safety concerns have constrained its practicality.Simulation-based training has become a reliable,safe,and cost-efficient alternative.Dry lab techniques,especially virtual and augmented reality,make up 78%of current dry lab research,whereas wet labs still set the standard for anatomical realism.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness,limitations,and future directions of wet and dry lab simulation in orthopaedic training.METHODS A scoping review was carried out across four databases-PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and EBSCOhost-up to 2025.Medical Subject Headings included:"Orthopaedic Education","Wet Lab","Dry Lab","Simulation Training","Virtual Reality",and"Surgical Procedure".Eligible studies focused on orthopaedic or spinal surgical education,employed wet or dry lab techniques,and assessed training effectiveness.Exclusion criteria consisted of non-English publications,abstracts only,non-orthopaedic research,and studies unrelated to simulation.Two reviewers independently screened titles,abstracts,and full texts,resolving discrepancies with a third reviewer.RESULTS From 1851 records,101 studies met inclusion:78 on dry labs,7 on wet labs,4 on both.Virtual reality(VR)simulations were most common,with AI increasingly used for feedback and assessment.Cadaveric training remains the gold standard for accuracy and tactile feedback,while dry labs-especially VR-offer scalability,lower cost(40%-60%savings in five studies),and accessibility for novices.Senior residents prefer wet labs for complex tasks;juniors favour dry labs for basics.Challenges include limited transferability data,lack of standard outcome metrics,and ethical concerns about cadaver use and AI assessment.CONCLUSION Wet and dry labs each have unique strengths in orthopaedic training.A hybrid approach combining both,supported by standardised assessments and outcome studies,is most effective.Future efforts should aim for uniform reporting,integrating new technologies,and policy support for hybrid curricula to enhance skills and patient care.展开更多
Purpose-This study investigates the impact of flagship trains on high-speed railway capacity utilization and develops a brand value-oriented optimization framework that balances service quality enhancement with operat...Purpose-This study investigates the impact of flagship trains on high-speed railway capacity utilization and develops a brand value-oriented optimization framework that balances service quality enhancement with operational efficiency.Design/methodology/approach-A mathematical optimization model based on integer programming is developed,incorporating flagship train constraints into capacity optimization.Case studies compare scenarios with and without flagship train considerations using the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway data across 20 experimental groups.Findings-Operating flagship trains with hourly departure constraints results in an average decrease of 0.9 trains and an 8.4%reduction in capacity utilization rate.When scheduling 2 flagship trains within a 2-h timeframe,capacity utilization decreases from 86.43%to 83.73%,quantifying the trade-off between brand positioning and operational capacity.Originality/value-This research provides the first quantitative framework for brand value-oriented railway capacity optimization,establishing clear definitions for flagship trains and mathematical foundations for evaluating service quality versus efficiency trade-offs.The findings offer practical decision support for railway operators balancing competitive positioning with capacity maximization.展开更多
As China's high-speed railway technology advances,high-speed trains have emerged as a pivotal mode of transportation,instrumental in facilitating passenger and freight mobility while fostering robust regional eco-...As China's high-speed railway technology advances,high-speed trains have emerged as a pivotal mode of transportation,instrumental in facilitating passenger and freight mobility while fostering robust regional eco-nomic and trade interactions.Nonetheless,the safety of train operations remains a paramount concern,prompting extensive research into the dynamic behavior of critical components,which is essential to ensuring seamless and secure transportation services.This article commences by comprehensively reviewing the current landscape and evolutionary trajectory of dynamic model analysis for both traditional bearings and axle box bearings.Emphasis is placed on elucidating the profound influence of diverse bearing fault types on the system's kinematic state,alongside delving into the research methodologies employed in developing multi-physics field coupling models.Subsequently,it expounds on the content of investigations focusing on various wheel and track impairments,grounded in the dynamic modeling of the bearing vehicle coupling system.Concurrently,the intricate interplay between wheel-rail excitation and axle box bearing faults on the system's performance is elucidated.Concludingly,the article underscores the inadequacy of current multi-source fault diagnosis meth-odologies in tackling the intricacies of complex train operating environments,thereby highlighting its sig-nificance as a pressing and vital research agenda for the future.展开更多
The safe driving and operation of trains is a necessary condition for ensuring the safe operation of trains.In particular,heavy-haul trains are characterized by the difficulty in driving and operation.Considering the ...The safe driving and operation of trains is a necessary condition for ensuring the safe operation of trains.In particular,heavy-haul trains are characterized by the difficulty in driving and operation.Considering the uncertainties in train driving and operation,this paper analyzes the relationship between the safety of heavy-haul electric locomotive hauled trains and driving and operation.It studies the auxiliary intelligent driving safety operation control methods.Through K-means to identify the characteristics of drivers'driving manipulation,the hidden Markov model adaptively adjusts the train driving and operation sequence,and conducts auxiliary driving reconstruction for heavy-haul locomotive driving and operation.Based on the train running curve and the locomotive traction/braking characteristics,it smoothly controls the exertion of the traction/braking force of heavy-haul locomotives,thereby optimizing the driving safety control of heavy-haul trains in the vehicle-environment-track system.Finally,the train operation simulation and optimized driving verification are carried out by simulating some track sections.The results show that the proposed method can correct and pre-optimize driving operations,improving the smoothness of heavy-haul trains by approximately 10%.It verifies the effectiveness of the proposed train assisted driving control reconstruction method,facilitating the smooth and safe operation of heavy-haul trains.展开更多
Conventional surgical teaching techniques face several challenges,highlighting a necessity for ongoing innovation in ophthalmology education to align with the evolving demands of clinical practice.The recent rapid adv...Conventional surgical teaching techniques face several challenges,highlighting a necessity for ongoing innovation in ophthalmology education to align with the evolving demands of clinical practice.The recent rapid advancement of computer technology has enabled the integration of virtual reality(VR)into medical training,thereby revolutionizing ophthalmic surgical education through VRbased educational methods.VR technology offers a safe,risk-free environment for trainees to practice repeatedly,enhancing surgical skills and accelerating the learning curve without compromising patient safety.This research outlines the application of VR technology in ophthalmic surgical skills training,particularly in cataract and vitreoretinal surgery.Including assessing the effectiveness of intraocular surgery training systems,evaluating skills transfer to the operating room,comparing it with wet lab cataract surgery training,and enhancing non-dominant hand training for cataract surgery,among other aspects.Additionally,this paper will identify the limitations of VR technology in ocular surgical skills training,offer improvement strategies,and detail the advantages and prospects,with the objective of guiding subsequent researchers.展开更多
Safer,smarter,faster...In China,people prefer high-speed trains to flights if the journey time is under five hours.High-speed train travel is set to become even more attractive with the addition of a new member to the...Safer,smarter,faster...In China,people prefer high-speed trains to flights if the journey time is under five hours.High-speed train travel is set to become even more attractive with the addition of a new member to the high-speed train family:the CR450,the world’s fastest electric multiple unit(EMU).展开更多
Objective:To analyze the improvement effect of early postoperative rehabilitation training on balance ability and quality of life in elderly patients with hip fracture.Methods:A total of 50 elderly patients with hip f...Objective:To analyze the improvement effect of early postoperative rehabilitation training on balance ability and quality of life in elderly patients with hip fracture.Methods:A total of 50 elderly patients with hip fracture admitted to our hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were selected and divided into the observation group(25 cases)and the control group(25 cases)by random number table method.The control group received routine nursing,while the observation group received early rehabilitation training on the basis of routine nursing.The balance ability(Berg Balance Scale,BBS)and quality of life(SF-36)of the two groups were compared.Results:The BBS scores of the observation group at all postoperative time points were significantly higher than those of the control group(p<0.05),and the quality-of-life scores of the observation group were also significantly higher than those of the control group(p<0.05).Conclusion:Early postoperative rehabilitation training for elderly patients with hip fracture can improve their balance ability,enhance their quality of life,and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications,which is worthy of clinical promotion.展开更多
文摘The article examines the world experience of e-learning as well as distance education technologies within the education process organization on higher and post-higher education programs.There have been listed the results of the most popular e-learning platforms analysis.Furthermore,there have been looked through the core legislative background of the development of the mentioned technologies in Russia and worldwide among the universities,specialized in seafarers training.There have been also drawn up the points of the Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping(Admiral Makarov SUMIS)design of the distance education system LMS"FARWATER"in compliance with the International Convention on Standards of Training,Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers(STCW Convention).The practical application of distance education system to the advanced professional training has been discussed in the article.
基金Baoding Science and Technology Plan Project(Project No.:2541ZF307)。
文摘Objective:To analyze the clinical effect of sensory integration training combined with cognitive training in the rehabilitation treatment of children with mental retardation.Methods:A total of 120 children with mental retardation who received rehabilitation intervention in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2025 were selected and divided into a control group and an experimental group,with 60 children in each group.The control group adopted a conventional rehabilitation training program;the experimental group adopted a combined sensory integration training and cognitive training program.The sensory integration ability,cognitive function,and daily living skills of children in the two groups were compared.Results:The sensory integration ability score of the experimental group(85.3±6.2)was significantly higher than that of the control group(72.1±7.5)(p<0.05);the cognitive function score(88.7±5.8)was significantly improved compared with that of the control group(76.4±6.9)(p<0.05);the daily living skills score(90.2±4.7)was significantly higher than that of the control group(80.5±5.3)(p<0.05).The social interaction ability of the experimental group reached 92.5%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(81.3%)(p<0.05).Conclusion:Sensory integration training combined with cognitive training demonstrates favorable outcomes in the rehabilitation treatment of children with mental retardation,exhibiting a notable neurofunctional remodeling effect.It can optimize the multidimensional rehabilitation process,effectively enhance the comprehensive developmental potential of children,and hold significant clinical application value.
文摘Kiehl and colleagues1 utilized data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative(OAI)to address a clinically significant question:Is lifetime participation in strength training(ST)associated with improved trajectories of pain,function,and mobility in individuals with knee osteoarthritis(OA)?Among 3192 participants,those classified as“Lifelong ST”(n=142)demonstrated superior 4-year patient-reported outcomes and exhibited the lowest incidence of mobility disability(0.8%vs 2.3%–4.1%).Notably,they also maintained the fastest walking speeds at Year 4.
基金MAF is supported by an NHMRC Investigator Grant(APP1194141)Research in his laboratory was supported by project grants from the NHMRC(APP1042465,APP1041760,and APP1156511).
文摘Background Obesity is a risk factor for developing cardiometabolic disease.Exercise training is pivotal in the treatment of obesity and is associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality.This study examined the effect of high-fat feeding on cardiac morphology and mitochondrial function,alongside the mitigating effects of voluntary exercise training.Methods Six-week-old male C57Bl/6 J mice commenced a high fat diet(HFD)or chow diet and were randomized to receive locked(sedentary)or unlocked(voluntary exercise training(VET))running wheels at 10 weeks of age.Mice were monitored until 30 weeks of age and euthanized for collection of tissues.Magnetic resonance imaging was performed to assess body composition,and echocardiography was performed to assess cardiac function.Results Compared with chow-fed animals,the HFD increased body weight and adiposity and decreased cardiolipins(CL)in the heart,which are required for maintaining adequate mitochondrial respiration.Importantly,VET reversed these effects and induced physiological cardiac hypertrophy.Cardiac mitochondrial respiratory chain analysis revealed decreased complexes II and IV activity following high fat feeding,while VET enhanced complex I activity,emphasizing the cardioprotective effect of exercise training in obesity.Conclusion This study uncovers mechanisms by which obesity and exercise impact cardiac mitochondrial health and suggests the mitochondria is a therapeutic target in obesity-related cardiovascular diseases.
文摘Background This study compared knee osteoarthritis(OA)outcomes specific to pain,physical function,and quality of life in later life based on strength training(ST)participation over a lifetime.Methods Participants from the Osteoarthritis Initiative(n=3192)were grouped by ST engagement during ages 12–18 years,19–34 years,35–49 years,and 50+years.Participants were categorized as:No ST(no ST at any point;61.7±9.0 years(mean±SD)),Some ST(engaged in ST during 1–3 life stages;58.9±8.7 years),and Lifelong ST(consistently engaged in ST across all life stages;55.6±8.1 years).Measures were collected at baseline and Year 4:Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index Scores(WOMAC;pain,daily activities),Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score(KOOS;sports,recreation),Physical Activity Score for the Elderly(PASE),Short Form-12 Physical Component Score(SF-12 PCS),mobility disability,chair rise time,and walking speed(20 m and 400 m).Results At Year 4,the Lifelong ST group reported better WOMAC activity scores in the right knee along with better WOMAC pain,KOOS sports/recreation,and PASE scores compared to other groups(p<0.05).The Lifelong ST group had the lowest incidence of mobility disability of all groups(0.8%vs.2.3%–4.1%;p=0.015)and maintained the fastest walking speeds in Year 4.Conclusion For those with knee OA,ST throughout life may help preserve function and mobility,allowing for greater physical activity engagement while keeping pain levels relatively lower.
文摘Purpose: Individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) frequently experience negative emotions, which are closely correlated with an accelerated rate of cognitive decline and the subsequent transition to a state of dementia. Despite networked cognitive training has been demonstrated to enhance cognitive function in MCI, its effectiveness for negative emotions is still unknown. This review aimed to exam the influences of networked cognitive training on negative emotions and quality of life in people with MCI. Methods: Searches for eligible studies were conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Psyc INFO, CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP database, and Sinomed. The retrieval time limit was set from their inception to 17 December 2025. The articles were reviewed and extracted by two researchers, and their quality was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool. Subsequently, a meta-analysis was carried out utilizing RevMan 5.4 software. Results: The review comprised 13 randomized controlled trials with 626 individuals. The meta-analysis demonstrated that networked cognitive training significantly improved depression (SMD = -0.36;95% CI [-0.73, -0.00];p = .050), anxiety (SMD = -0.32;95% CI [-0.57, -0.06];p < .050), and quality of life (MD = 2.54;95% CI [0.98, 4.10];p < .001). In terms of the comparison of apathy, the effect of intervention was unclear. Conclusions: From these meta-analysis results, networked cognitive training may help patients for MCI with their anxiety, depression, and overall quality of life. However, because there are so few randomized controlled trials available, the evidence regarding apathy is still ambiguous. More thorough randomized controlled trials with larger samples are necessary to verify the significance of networked cognitive training on apathy and to consolidate the findings.
文摘This paper studies the structural response of high-speed train wipers under the combined action of complex flow fields and scraping actions.The stress concentration areas are determined through simulation analysis,and the stress and aerodynamic load measurement points are reasonably arranged accordingly.The actual measurement is carried out in combination with the operating conditions of the existing lines.The stress variations and spectral characteristics of the train under different speed levels(80,160,180,200 km/h),tunnel entry and exit,and scraper action conditions were compared and analyzed.The stress amplification factors under tunnel intersection and scraper action were obtained,providing boundary conditions for the design of wipers for highspeed s.The research results show that the maximum stress of the wiper structure obtained through simulation calculation is concentrated at the connection of the wiper arm.Structural stress increases with the rise of speed grade.The stress increases by 1.11 times when the tunnel meets.When the scraper operates,the stress on the scraper arm increases by 4.1–7.6 times.Due to the broadband excitation effect of the aerodynamic load,the spectral energy of the structure is relatively high at the natural frequency,which excites the natural mode of the wiper.
文摘Background:This paper aimed to systematically review the literature regarding the effects of resistance training(RT)performed at longer-muscle length(LML)versus shorter-muscle length(SML)on proxy measurements for longitudinal hypertrophy.Methods:We included studies that satisfied the following criteria:(1)be a resistance training intervention with a comparison of LML vs SML-RT;(2)assess both fascicle length(FL)and muscle size pre-and post-intervention;(3)involve healthy adults aged≥18 years;(4)be published in an English-language journal,and;(5)have a minimum training intervention duration of 4 weeks.Three databases were searched in February 2024(Google Scholar,PubMed/Medline,Scopus)for relevant articles,alongside'forward'and'backward'citation searching of articles included and additions via authors'personal knowledge.The results of studies were described narratively,compared,and contrasted.Eight studies met the inclusion criteria,totaling a sample size of 120.Results:Our results suggest that both muscle size and fascicle length increases may be greater following LML-RT versus SML-RT,suggesting LML-RT may lead to greater longitudinal hypertrophy than SML-RT.Notably,evidence is largely mixed;no studies to date have attempted to estimate serial sarcomere number changes from LML versus SML-RT,and all but one study used linear extrapolation methods to estimate FL,which has questionable validity.Therefore,the structural adaptations underlying hypertrophy from LML-RT remain undetermined.Conclusion:In conclusion,results suggest that LML-RT may be superior to SML-RT for inducing muscle hypertrophy and,more specifically,longitudinal growth,though evidence is mixed.
基金supported by Joint Program on Health Science&Technology Innovation of Hainan Province(WSJK2024QN093)Discipline Leader Development Program for Outstanding Talents of Hainan West Central Hospital.
文摘Objectives:Postmenopausal women with stress urinary incontinence(SUI)exhibit low androgen expression.This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vaginal androgen combined with pelvic floor muscle training(PFMT)in the treatment of SUI in postmenopausal women.Methods:Postmenopausal women with SUI were recruited from Hainan West Central Hospital between January 2024 and March 2025.Participants were randomly assigned in a double-blind manner to receive either vaginal androgen cream combined with PFMT(treatment group)or a visually identical placebo cream(without androgens)combined with PFMT(control group).The vaginal cream was applied to the vaginal wall at a dose of 0.5 g per application,twice weekly for a total of 10 applications,while PFMT was conducted for 8 weeks.The clinical efficacy and safety were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 61 patients were finally enrolled,with 31 in the treatment group and 30 in the control group.At both 3-month and 6-month follow-ups,the treatment group demonstrated significantly lower values in daily pad usage(p<0.05),24-h pad test scores(p<0.05),and ICIQ-UI SF scores(p<0.05)compared to the control group.The improvement rate of urinary incontinence was significantly higher in the treatment group(p<0.05).Compared to baseline,the treatment group showed statistically significant reductions in all three outcome measures(all p<0.05).No severe adverse events were reported in either group during the treatment period.Conclusions:Androgen therapy combined with PFMT significantly improved the urinary incontinence remission rate in postmenopausal women with SUI,with no severe adverse effects observed.These findings suggest that androgen therapy may represent a novel therapeutic approach for SUI management in postmenopausal women.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12393780,12032017,12302067)College Education Scientific Research Project of Hebei Province(Grant No.JZX2024006)Hebei Provincial S&T Program(Grant No.21567622 H).
文摘The axle box bearings of high-speed trains often operate in extremely harsh environments,bearing loads from different directions.Long-term operation and frequent changes in working conditions can easily lead to axle box bearing failures.Therefore,it is extremely important to study the mechanism of axle box bearings.Firstly,the medium of thermal deformation establishes a coupling relationship between the system dynamics model and the thermal grid model,and then obtains the thermal force coupling model of the high-speed train axle box bearing.The coupling model is validated from the perspectives of system dynamics response and temperature response,proving its effectiveness in system dynamics response and temperature characteristic response.Comparing the coupling model with the dynamics model,it is found that thermal deformation complicates the dynamic re-sponse.Finally,using the Lundberg-Palmgren(L-P)bearing fatigue calculation method and damage accumu-lation theory,the bearing fatigue life is calculated,and it is found that thermal deformation deteriorates the bearing operating environment,reducing the bearing fatigue life.Finally,by comparing the bearing fatigue life under different working conditions,it is concluded that the faster the vehicle speed,the greater the load,and the smaller the initial radial clearance of the bearing,the fatigue life of the bearing is reduced.The shorter the lifespan.
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the clinical efficacy of core stability training combined with conventional rehabilitation in the functional recovery of patients suffering from chronic low back pain.[Methods]A randomized controlled trial design was employed in this study.Ninety patients with chronic low back pain were recruited and randomly assigned to either a control group(n=45),which received conventional rehabilitation,or an experimental group(n=45),which received conventional rehabilitation combined with core stability training.Both groups underwent treatment for 6 weeks.Assessments were conducted using the visual analogue scale(VAS),Oswestry disability index(ODI),and finger-to-floor test prior to treatment,6 weeks following treatment,and during the follow-up period,respectively.[Results]Prior to treatment,no statistically significant differences were observed between the two patient groups in terms of general information and various baseline measurements(P>0.05).Following 6 weeks of treatment and throughout the follow-up period,both groups demonstrated significant improvements in VAS scores,ODI scores,and lumbar anteflexion range of motion compared to baseline measurements(P<0.05).Notably,the magnitude of improvement in the experimental group exceeded that of the control group,with this inter-group difference reaching statistical significance(P<0.05).No serious adverse reactions were reported during the treatment process.[Conclusions]Core stability training combined with conventional rehabilitation can significantly enhance the alleviation of pain and functional impairments in patients suffering from chronic low back pain.This approach holds valuable implications for the optimization of rehabilitation treatment protocols.
文摘BACKGROUND Orthopaedic surgical education has traditionally depended on the apprenticeship model of“see one,do one,teach one”.However,reduced operative exposure,stricter work-hour regulations,medicolegal constraints,and patient safety concerns have constrained its practicality.Simulation-based training has become a reliable,safe,and cost-efficient alternative.Dry lab techniques,especially virtual and augmented reality,make up 78%of current dry lab research,whereas wet labs still set the standard for anatomical realism.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness,limitations,and future directions of wet and dry lab simulation in orthopaedic training.METHODS A scoping review was carried out across four databases-PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and EBSCOhost-up to 2025.Medical Subject Headings included:"Orthopaedic Education","Wet Lab","Dry Lab","Simulation Training","Virtual Reality",and"Surgical Procedure".Eligible studies focused on orthopaedic or spinal surgical education,employed wet or dry lab techniques,and assessed training effectiveness.Exclusion criteria consisted of non-English publications,abstracts only,non-orthopaedic research,and studies unrelated to simulation.Two reviewers independently screened titles,abstracts,and full texts,resolving discrepancies with a third reviewer.RESULTS From 1851 records,101 studies met inclusion:78 on dry labs,7 on wet labs,4 on both.Virtual reality(VR)simulations were most common,with AI increasingly used for feedback and assessment.Cadaveric training remains the gold standard for accuracy and tactile feedback,while dry labs-especially VR-offer scalability,lower cost(40%-60%savings in five studies),and accessibility for novices.Senior residents prefer wet labs for complex tasks;juniors favour dry labs for basics.Challenges include limited transferability data,lack of standard outcome metrics,and ethical concerns about cadaver use and AI assessment.CONCLUSION Wet and dry labs each have unique strengths in orthopaedic training.A hybrid approach combining both,supported by standardised assessments and outcome studies,is most effective.Future efforts should aim for uniform reporting,integrating new technologies,and policy support for hybrid curricula to enhance skills and patient care.
基金funded by the Science and Technology Research and Development Program Project of China Railway Group Co.,Ltd,grant number P2024X002the China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,grant number 2024YJ154.
文摘Purpose-This study investigates the impact of flagship trains on high-speed railway capacity utilization and develops a brand value-oriented optimization framework that balances service quality enhancement with operational efficiency.Design/methodology/approach-A mathematical optimization model based on integer programming is developed,incorporating flagship train constraints into capacity optimization.Case studies compare scenarios with and without flagship train considerations using the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway data across 20 experimental groups.Findings-Operating flagship trains with hourly departure constraints results in an average decrease of 0.9 trains and an 8.4%reduction in capacity utilization rate.When scheduling 2 flagship trains within a 2-h timeframe,capacity utilization decreases from 86.43%to 83.73%,quantifying the trade-off between brand positioning and operational capacity.Originality/value-This research provides the first quantitative framework for brand value-oriented railway capacity optimization,establishing clear definitions for flagship trains and mathematical foundations for evaluating service quality versus efficiency trade-offs.The findings offer practical decision support for railway operators balancing competitive positioning with capacity maximization.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12393783,12302067,12172235,52072249)Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U24A2003)+3 种基金College Education Scientific Research Project of Hebei Province(Grant No.JZX2024006)Central Guiding Local Scientific and Technological Development Funding Project(Grant No.246Z2206G)the Key Research Project of China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.(Grant No.N2024T009)S&T Program of Hebei(Grant No.21567622H).
文摘As China's high-speed railway technology advances,high-speed trains have emerged as a pivotal mode of transportation,instrumental in facilitating passenger and freight mobility while fostering robust regional eco-nomic and trade interactions.Nonetheless,the safety of train operations remains a paramount concern,prompting extensive research into the dynamic behavior of critical components,which is essential to ensuring seamless and secure transportation services.This article commences by comprehensively reviewing the current landscape and evolutionary trajectory of dynamic model analysis for both traditional bearings and axle box bearings.Emphasis is placed on elucidating the profound influence of diverse bearing fault types on the system's kinematic state,alongside delving into the research methodologies employed in developing multi-physics field coupling models.Subsequently,it expounds on the content of investigations focusing on various wheel and track impairments,grounded in the dynamic modeling of the bearing vehicle coupling system.Concurrently,the intricate interplay between wheel-rail excitation and axle box bearing faults on the system's performance is elucidated.Concludingly,the article underscores the inadequacy of current multi-source fault diagnosis meth-odologies in tackling the intricacies of complex train operating environments,thereby highlighting its sig-nificance as a pressing and vital research agenda for the future.
基金Project(U2034211)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(20232ACE01013)supported by the Major Scientific and Technological Research and Development Special Project of Jiangxi Province,China。
文摘The safe driving and operation of trains is a necessary condition for ensuring the safe operation of trains.In particular,heavy-haul trains are characterized by the difficulty in driving and operation.Considering the uncertainties in train driving and operation,this paper analyzes the relationship between the safety of heavy-haul electric locomotive hauled trains and driving and operation.It studies the auxiliary intelligent driving safety operation control methods.Through K-means to identify the characteristics of drivers'driving manipulation,the hidden Markov model adaptively adjusts the train driving and operation sequence,and conducts auxiliary driving reconstruction for heavy-haul locomotive driving and operation.Based on the train running curve and the locomotive traction/braking characteristics,it smoothly controls the exertion of the traction/braking force of heavy-haul locomotives,thereby optimizing the driving safety control of heavy-haul trains in the vehicle-environment-track system.Finally,the train operation simulation and optimized driving verification are carried out by simulating some track sections.The results show that the proposed method can correct and pre-optimize driving operations,improving the smoothness of heavy-haul trains by approximately 10%.It verifies the effectiveness of the proposed train assisted driving control reconstruction method,facilitating the smooth and safe operation of heavy-haul trains.
基金Supported by the Key Special Project of“Cutting-Edge Biotechnology”in the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFC3406200)Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen(No.SZSM202411007)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.JCYJ20240813152704006).
文摘Conventional surgical teaching techniques face several challenges,highlighting a necessity for ongoing innovation in ophthalmology education to align with the evolving demands of clinical practice.The recent rapid advancement of computer technology has enabled the integration of virtual reality(VR)into medical training,thereby revolutionizing ophthalmic surgical education through VRbased educational methods.VR technology offers a safe,risk-free environment for trainees to practice repeatedly,enhancing surgical skills and accelerating the learning curve without compromising patient safety.This research outlines the application of VR technology in ophthalmic surgical skills training,particularly in cataract and vitreoretinal surgery.Including assessing the effectiveness of intraocular surgery training systems,evaluating skills transfer to the operating room,comparing it with wet lab cataract surgery training,and enhancing non-dominant hand training for cataract surgery,among other aspects.Additionally,this paper will identify the limitations of VR technology in ocular surgical skills training,offer improvement strategies,and detail the advantages and prospects,with the objective of guiding subsequent researchers.
文摘Safer,smarter,faster...In China,people prefer high-speed trains to flights if the journey time is under five hours.High-speed train travel is set to become even more attractive with the addition of a new member to the high-speed train family:the CR450,the world’s fastest electric multiple unit(EMU).
基金Chongqing Education Science Planning Project.Project Name:Research on Talent Training of Community Rehabilitation Major in Higher Vocational Colleges Based on OBE Concept(Project No.:K23ZG3420222)。
文摘Objective:To analyze the improvement effect of early postoperative rehabilitation training on balance ability and quality of life in elderly patients with hip fracture.Methods:A total of 50 elderly patients with hip fracture admitted to our hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were selected and divided into the observation group(25 cases)and the control group(25 cases)by random number table method.The control group received routine nursing,while the observation group received early rehabilitation training on the basis of routine nursing.The balance ability(Berg Balance Scale,BBS)and quality of life(SF-36)of the two groups were compared.Results:The BBS scores of the observation group at all postoperative time points were significantly higher than those of the control group(p<0.05),and the quality-of-life scores of the observation group were also significantly higher than those of the control group(p<0.05).Conclusion:Early postoperative rehabilitation training for elderly patients with hip fracture can improve their balance ability,enhance their quality of life,and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications,which is worthy of clinical promotion.
