In combinatorics, permutations are important objects with many operations. In this paper, we define a coupling product on permutations and prove that the space spanned by permutations is a graded algebra.
Oxidation of perfluoroalkanesulfinate usually resulted in the formation of the correspon-ding sulfonyl derivatives,thus reaction with hydrogen peroxide or halogen（Cl,Br,I）gavesulfonic acid or sulfonyl halides.Howeve...Oxidation of perfluoroalkanesulfinate usually resulted in the formation of the correspon-ding sulfonyl derivatives,thus reaction with hydrogen peroxide or halogen（Cl,Br,I）gavesulfonic acid or sulfonyl halides.However in comparison with alkanesulfinate the perfluo-ro analog was shown to be relatively inert toward oxidizing agents.展开更多
The anaerobic digestion（AD）and microbial electrolysis cell（MEC）coupled system has been proved to be a promising process for biomethane production.In this paper,it was found that by co-cultivating Geobacter with Me...The anaerobic digestion（AD）and microbial electrolysis cell（MEC）coupled system has been proved to be a promising process for biomethane production.In this paper,it was found that by co-cultivating Geobacter with Methanosarcina in an AD–MEC coupled system,methane yield was further increased by 24.1%,achieving to 360.2 m L/g-COD,which was comparable to the theoretical methane yield of an anaerobic digester.With the presence of Geobacter,the maximum chemical oxygen demand（COD）removal rate（216.8 mg COD/（L·hr））and current density（304.3 A/m3）were both increased by 1.3 and 1.8 fold compared to the previous study without Geobacter,resulting in overall energy efficiency reaching up to 74.6%.Community analysis demonstrated that Geobacter and Methanosarcina could coexist together in the biofilm,and the electrochemical activities of both were confirmed by cyclic voltammetry.Our study observed that the carbon dioxide content in total gas generated from the AD reactor with Geobacter was only half of that generated from the same reactor without Geobacter,suggesting that Methanosarcina may obtain the electron transferred from Geobacter for the reduction of carbon dioxide to methane.Taken together,Geobacter not only can improve the performance of the MEC system,but also can enhance methane production.展开更多
文摘In combinatorics, permutations are important objects with many operations. In this paper, we define a coupling product on permutations and prove that the space spanned by permutations is a graded algebra.
文摘Oxidation of perfluoroalkanesulfinate usually resulted in the formation of the correspon-ding sulfonyl derivatives,thus reaction with hydrogen peroxide or halogen（Cl,Br,I）gavesulfonic acid or sulfonyl halides.However in comparison with alkanesulfinate the perfluo-ro analog was shown to be relatively inert toward oxidizing agents.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31270166,31300116 and 51408580)the Chinese Academy of Sciences foundation(Nos.Y4C5011100 and KLCAS-2013-03)
文摘The anaerobic digestion（AD）and microbial electrolysis cell（MEC）coupled system has been proved to be a promising process for biomethane production.In this paper,it was found that by co-cultivating Geobacter with Methanosarcina in an AD–MEC coupled system,methane yield was further increased by 24.1%,achieving to 360.2 m L/g-COD,which was comparable to the theoretical methane yield of an anaerobic digester.With the presence of Geobacter,the maximum chemical oxygen demand（COD）removal rate（216.8 mg COD/（L·hr））and current density（304.3 A/m3）were both increased by 1.3 and 1.8 fold compared to the previous study without Geobacter,resulting in overall energy efficiency reaching up to 74.6%.Community analysis demonstrated that Geobacter and Methanosarcina could coexist together in the biofilm,and the electrochemical activities of both were confirmed by cyclic voltammetry.Our study observed that the carbon dioxide content in total gas generated from the AD reactor with Geobacter was only half of that generated from the same reactor without Geobacter,suggesting that Methanosarcina may obtain the electron transferred from Geobacter for the reduction of carbon dioxide to methane.Taken together,Geobacter not only can improve the performance of the MEC system,but also can enhance methane production.
