The 30th International Cotton Conference took place March 24 - 27 in the historic city of Bremen,Germany this year.Worldwide high-ranking experts from cotton production, trade,spinning,weaving and some other fields of...The 30th International Cotton Conference took place March 24 - 27 in the historic city of Bremen,Germany this year.Worldwide high-ranking experts from cotton production, trade,spinning,weaving and some other fields of textile industries gathered together in the Bremen Town Hall.Allen A.Terhaar,Executive Director of Cotton Council International(CCI), Washington,presented a speech on the future development strategy of American cotton industry,and the development schedule in Chinese market.In the following part,let’s share his opinions and foresighted views.展开更多
One of the impediments in the genetic improvement of cotton fiber is the paucity of information about genes associated with fiber development.Availability of chromosome arm substitution line CS-
Background:Pectin is a key substance involved in cell wall development,and the galacturonosyltransferases(GAUTs)gene family is a critical participant in the pectin synthesis pathway.Systematic and comprehensive resear...Background:Pectin is a key substance involved in cell wall development,and the galacturonosyltransferases(GAUTs)gene family is a critical participant in the pectin synthesis pathway.Systematic and comprehensive research on GAUTs has not been performed in cotton.Analysis of the evolution and expression patterns of the GAUT gene family in different cotton species is needed to in crease kno wledge of the functi on of pectin in cotto n fiber development.Results:In this study,we have identified 131 GAUT genes in the genomes of four Gossypium species(G.raimondii,G barbadense,G.hirsutum,and G.arboreum),and classified them as GAUT-A,GAUT-B and GAUT-C,which coding probable galacturonosyltransferases.Among them,the GAUT genes encode proteins GAUT1 to GAUT15.All GAUT proteins except for GAUT7 contai n a con served glycosyl transferase family 8 domain(H-DN-A-SW-S-V-H-T-F).The conserved sequence of GAUT7 is PLN(phospholamban)02769 domain.According to c/s-elemet analysis,GAUT genes transcript levels may be regulated by horm ones such as JA,GA,SA,ABA,Me-JA,and IA A.The evoluti on and transcription patterns of the GAUT gene family in different cotton species and the transcript levels in upland cotton lines with different fiber st「ength were analyzed.Peak transcript level of GhGAUT genes have been observed before 15 DPA.In the six materials with high fiber strength,the transcription of GhGAUT genes were concentrated from 10 to 15 DPA;while the highest transcript levels in low fiber st「ength materials were detected between 5 and 10 DPA.These results lays the foundation for future research on gene function during cotton fiber development.Conclusions:The GAUT gene family may affect cotton fiber development,including fiber elongation and fiber thickening.In the low strength fiber lines,GAUTs mainly participate in fiber elongation,whereas their major effect on cotton with high strength fiber is related to both elongation and thickening.展开更多
Due to the economic value of natural textile fiber, cotton has attracted much research attention, which has led to the publication of two diploid genomes and two tetraploid genomes. These big data facilitate functiona...Due to the economic value of natural textile fiber, cotton has attracted much research attention, which has led to the publication of two diploid genomes and two tetraploid genomes. These big data facilitate functional genomic study in cotton, and allow researchers to investigate cotton genome structure, gene expression, and protein function on the global scale using high-throughput methods. In this review, we summarized recent studies of cotton genomes. Population genomic analyses revealed the domestication history of cultivated upland cotton and the roles of transposable elements in cotton genome evolution.Alternative splicing of cotton transcriptomes was evaluated genome-widely. Several important gene families like MYC, NAC, Sus and GhPLDal were systematically identified and classified based on genetic structure and biological function. High-throughput proteomics also unraveled the key functional proteins correlated with fiber development. Functional genomic studies have provided unprecedented insights into global-scale methods for cotton research.展开更多
In this project,we aim to elucidate the molecular mechanism controlling initiation and elongation of tetraploid Gossypium hirsutum fiber cells by setting up a high throughput custom-designed cDNA microarray and a syst...In this project,we aim to elucidate the molecular mechanism controlling initiation and elongation of tetraploid Gossypium hirsutum fiber cells by setting up a high throughput custom-designed cDNA microarray and a systematic gene expression profiling during cotton fiber development.We first con-structed a microarray consisting of more than 28,000 cotton UniESTs that we obtained by deep-se-quencing of several cotton ovule cDNA libraries.After probing the microarray with RNA samples from wild-type and a fuzzless-lintless mutant at different develop mental stages,we identified ca.1000 genes so mewhat involved in fiber initiation and elongation processes.展开更多
A s a major raw material for the textile industry and the most important fiber crop in the world,cotton is of great significance in Chinese economy.The development of cotton fiber can be divided into initiation,elonga...A s a major raw material for the textile industry and the most important fiber crop in the world,cotton is of great significance in Chinese economy.The development of cotton fiber can be divided into initiation,elongation,secondary wall synthesis,and maturation stages.The initiation and elongation stages of fiber,which determine the number of fibers on each seed and the final length of fiber,direct-ly affect the yield and quality of cottonfiber.展开更多
Cotton(Goss y pium hirsutum L.)is the leading fiber crop and one of the mainstays of the econo-my in the world.Cotton fibers,as the main product of cotton plants,are unicellular,linear structures derived from the epid...Cotton(Goss y pium hirsutum L.)is the leading fiber crop and one of the mainstays of the econo-my in the world.Cotton fibers,as the main product of cotton plants,are unicellular,linear structures derived from the epidermis of the ovule.Cotton fiber develop ment consists of fo ur discrete yet over-lapping developmentalstages:initiation,elongation,secondary wall deposition,and maturation.Therefore,it is regard as an ideal experimental model for studying plant cell elo ngation,cellulose syn-thesis,and cell wall deposition.Furt hermore,the fiber quantity and quality are established during fi-ber development.展开更多
The Institute for Agricultural Research,Samaru,has the national mandate for genetic improvement and development of production technologies for cotton,maize,sorghum,cowpea,groundnut,
The rol genes cloned from Agrobacterium rhizogenes were transferred to the cotton genomevia Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Molecular analyses and developmentalidentification of the putative transgenic plants w...The rol genes cloned from Agrobacterium rhizogenes were transferred to the cotton genomevia Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Molecular analyses and developmentalidentification of the putative transgenic plants were carried out by means of PCR,Southern blotting and field characterization. The results showed that the expression ofrol genes greatly increased the rooting ability of the transgenic plants, and changed theplant development. Highly male-sterile plants with strong apical dominance and fertileplants with short internodes, stunted growth and improved economic characteristics weresegregated from the T1 transgenic lines of wild rol B gene and the rol B gene driven by35S promoter. The transgenic lines of rol ABC construct usually had normal boll settingand slow growth. Therefore we concluded that the rol genes, modified in suitable ways,could be used to create new cotton varieties with some highly valuable characteristics.展开更多
Plant hormones play important roles in cotton fiber growth and development.However,the interaction of phytohormones is largely unknown in fiber cells up to now.DELLA proteins are critical component in GA(gibberellic a...Plant hormones play important roles in cotton fiber growth and development.However,the interaction of phytohormones is largely unknown in fiber cells up to now.DELLA proteins are critical component in GA(gibberellic acid)signal transduction,which are also regulated by other phytohormones,such as auxin and ethylene.To understand the regulation of DELLA genes in cotton fiber growth and development,we cloned four DELLA genes from upland cotton fibers(Gossypium hirsutum L.),named GhGAI1,GhGAI2,GhGAI3,and GhGAI4.Alignment of the four predicted proteins with other reported DELLA proteins in various species displayed that they shared conserved domains and high homology.Expression profiles of the four GhGAIs in various tissues and organs as well as cotton fibers in different stages displayed that GhGAI1 has higher transcriptional levels than other GhGAIs in all detected samples.Furthermore,the expression level of GhGAI1 was significantly reduced in 0 dpa(day post anthesis)ovules by addition of IAA and epi-BL,and exogenous epi-BL decreased GhGAI1 level in 7 dpa fiber.Similarly,the levels of the other three GhGAIs in 0 dpa ovules and 7 dpa fibers were also regulated by applied phytohormones.In addition,the levels of GhGAI1 were higher in Xuzhou142 fl mutant(fuzzless-lintless)than in FL(Gossypium hirsutum vs.Xuzhou 142)from-1 to 3 dpa ovules,suggesting that GhGAI1 engaged in cotton fiber cell initiation.These results indicated that DELLA genes are involved in the process of fiber cell initiation and elongation regulated by different phytohormones.展开更多
文摘The 30th International Cotton Conference took place March 24 - 27 in the historic city of Bremen,Germany this year.Worldwide high-ranking experts from cotton production, trade,spinning,weaving and some other fields of textile industries gathered together in the Bremen Town Hall.Allen A.Terhaar,Executive Director of Cotton Council International(CCI), Washington,presented a speech on the future development strategy of American cotton industry,and the development schedule in Chinese market.In the following part,let’s share his opinions and foresighted views.
文摘One of the impediments in the genetic improvement of cotton fiber is the paucity of information about genes associated with fiber development.Availability of chromosome arm substitution line CS-
基金the Major Research Plan of National Natural Science Foundation of China(NO.31690093)the National Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation project for CAAS(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-ICR)the Central Level of the Scientific Research Institutes for Basic R&D Special Fund Business(Y2017PT51)。
文摘Background:Pectin is a key substance involved in cell wall development,and the galacturonosyltransferases(GAUTs)gene family is a critical participant in the pectin synthesis pathway.Systematic and comprehensive research on GAUTs has not been performed in cotton.Analysis of the evolution and expression patterns of the GAUT gene family in different cotton species is needed to in crease kno wledge of the functi on of pectin in cotto n fiber development.Results:In this study,we have identified 131 GAUT genes in the genomes of four Gossypium species(G.raimondii,G barbadense,G.hirsutum,and G.arboreum),and classified them as GAUT-A,GAUT-B and GAUT-C,which coding probable galacturonosyltransferases.Among them,the GAUT genes encode proteins GAUT1 to GAUT15.All GAUT proteins except for GAUT7 contai n a con served glycosyl transferase family 8 domain(H-DN-A-SW-S-V-H-T-F).The conserved sequence of GAUT7 is PLN(phospholamban)02769 domain.According to c/s-elemet analysis,GAUT genes transcript levels may be regulated by horm ones such as JA,GA,SA,ABA,Me-JA,and IA A.The evoluti on and transcription patterns of the GAUT gene family in different cotton species and the transcript levels in upland cotton lines with different fiber st「ength were analyzed.Peak transcript level of GhGAUT genes have been observed before 15 DPA.In the six materials with high fiber strength,the transcription of GhGAUT genes were concentrated from 10 to 15 DPA;while the highest transcript levels in low fiber st「ength materials were detected between 5 and 10 DPA.These results lays the foundation for future research on gene function during cotton fiber development.Conclusions:The GAUT gene family may affect cotton fiber development,including fiber elongation and fiber thickening.In the low strength fiber lines,GAUTs mainly participate in fiber elongation,whereas their major effect on cotton with high strength fiber is related to both elongation and thickening.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21602162 and 31690090)the National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2016ZX08005003-001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.104862016)
文摘Due to the economic value of natural textile fiber, cotton has attracted much research attention, which has led to the publication of two diploid genomes and two tetraploid genomes. These big data facilitate functional genomic study in cotton, and allow researchers to investigate cotton genome structure, gene expression, and protein function on the global scale using high-throughput methods. In this review, we summarized recent studies of cotton genomes. Population genomic analyses revealed the domestication history of cultivated upland cotton and the roles of transposable elements in cotton genome evolution.Alternative splicing of cotton transcriptomes was evaluated genome-widely. Several important gene families like MYC, NAC, Sus and GhPLDal were systematically identified and classified based on genetic structure and biological function. High-throughput proteomics also unraveled the key functional proteins correlated with fiber development. Functional genomic studies have provided unprecedented insights into global-scale methods for cotton research.
文摘In this project,we aim to elucidate the molecular mechanism controlling initiation and elongation of tetraploid Gossypium hirsutum fiber cells by setting up a high throughput custom-designed cDNA microarray and a systematic gene expression profiling during cotton fiber development.We first con-structed a microarray consisting of more than 28,000 cotton UniESTs that we obtained by deep-se-quencing of several cotton ovule cDNA libraries.After probing the microarray with RNA samples from wild-type and a fuzzless-lintless mutant at different develop mental stages,we identified ca.1000 genes so mewhat involved in fiber initiation and elongation processes.
基金This work was funded by grants fromthe National Basic Research and Development Program(2004CB117304)the Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China(2007AA10Z115)
文摘A s a major raw material for the textile industry and the most important fiber crop in the world,cotton is of great significance in Chinese economy.The development of cotton fiber can be divided into initiation,elongation,secondary wall synthesis,and maturation stages.The initiation and elongation stages of fiber,which determine the number of fibers on each seed and the final length of fiber,direct-ly affect the yield and quality of cottonfiber.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No 30370904and No 30671258)the National High Technology Research and Development Program(863 project)of China(No 2006AA10Z121)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(No NCET-07-0712)
文摘Cotton(Goss y pium hirsutum L.)is the leading fiber crop and one of the mainstays of the econo-my in the world.Cotton fibers,as the main product of cotton plants,are unicellular,linear structures derived from the epidermis of the ovule.Cotton fiber develop ment consists of fo ur discrete yet over-lapping developmentalstages:initiation,elongation,secondary wall deposition,and maturation.Therefore,it is regard as an ideal experimental model for studying plant cell elo ngation,cellulose syn-thesis,and cell wall deposition.Furt hermore,the fiber quantity and quality are established during fi-ber development.
文摘The Institute for Agricultural Research,Samaru,has the national mandate for genetic improvement and development of production technologies for cotton,maize,sorghum,cowpea,groundnut,
基金the National Natural science Fundationof china(39970386)
文摘The rol genes cloned from Agrobacterium rhizogenes were transferred to the cotton genomevia Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Molecular analyses and developmentalidentification of the putative transgenic plants were carried out by means of PCR,Southern blotting and field characterization. The results showed that the expression ofrol genes greatly increased the rooting ability of the transgenic plants, and changed theplant development. Highly male-sterile plants with strong apical dominance and fertileplants with short internodes, stunted growth and improved economic characteristics weresegregated from the T1 transgenic lines of wild rol B gene and the rol B gene driven by35S promoter. The transgenic lines of rol ABC construct usually had normal boll settingand slow growth. Therefore we concluded that the rol genes, modified in suitable ways,could be used to create new cotton varieties with some highly valuable characteristics.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2010CB126000)the National High Technology R&D Program of China(2006AA10Z121)
文摘Plant hormones play important roles in cotton fiber growth and development.However,the interaction of phytohormones is largely unknown in fiber cells up to now.DELLA proteins are critical component in GA(gibberellic acid)signal transduction,which are also regulated by other phytohormones,such as auxin and ethylene.To understand the regulation of DELLA genes in cotton fiber growth and development,we cloned four DELLA genes from upland cotton fibers(Gossypium hirsutum L.),named GhGAI1,GhGAI2,GhGAI3,and GhGAI4.Alignment of the four predicted proteins with other reported DELLA proteins in various species displayed that they shared conserved domains and high homology.Expression profiles of the four GhGAIs in various tissues and organs as well as cotton fibers in different stages displayed that GhGAI1 has higher transcriptional levels than other GhGAIs in all detected samples.Furthermore,the expression level of GhGAI1 was significantly reduced in 0 dpa(day post anthesis)ovules by addition of IAA and epi-BL,and exogenous epi-BL decreased GhGAI1 level in 7 dpa fiber.Similarly,the levels of the other three GhGAIs in 0 dpa ovules and 7 dpa fibers were also regulated by applied phytohormones.In addition,the levels of GhGAI1 were higher in Xuzhou142 fl mutant(fuzzless-lintless)than in FL(Gossypium hirsutum vs.Xuzhou 142)from-1 to 3 dpa ovules,suggesting that GhGAI1 engaged in cotton fiber cell initiation.These results indicated that DELLA genes are involved in the process of fiber cell initiation and elongation regulated by different phytohormones.
