BACKGROUND Cladosporium and Corynespora cassiicola(C.cassiicola)infections rarely occur in humans.Mutations in human caspase recruitment domain protein 9(CARD9)are reported to be associated with fungal diseases.Pulmon...BACKGROUND Cladosporium and Corynespora cassiicola(C.cassiicola)infections rarely occur in humans.Mutations in human caspase recruitment domain protein 9(CARD9)are reported to be associated with fungal diseases.Pulmonary Cladosporium infection coexisting with subcutaneous C.cassiicola infection in a patient with a CARD9 mutation has not been reported in the literature.CASE SUMMARY A 68-year-old male patient was hospitalized for hypertrophic erythema and deep ulcers on the left upper extremity.He was diagnosed with pneumonia caused by Cladosporium,as identified through bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis,and deep dermatophytosis caused by C.cassiicola,as identified through morphological characteristics of the wound secretion culture.He underwent antifungal therapy(voriconazole)and recovered successfully.He carried two mutations in CARD9(chr9:139266425 and chr9:139262240)and was therefore susceptible to fungal infections.CONCLUSION This case study is the first to report the coexistence of pulmonary Cladosporium infection and subcutaneous C.cassiicola infection in a patient with CARD9 mutation.Our findings will be helpful in enriching the phenotypic spectrum of fungal infections underlying CARD9 deficiency.展开更多
A review and updated checklist of Corynespora(Dematiaceous hyphomycetes)diversity and distribution reported from all over the world is prepared and presented over here based on available bibliographic survey upon publ...A review and updated checklist of Corynespora(Dematiaceous hyphomycetes)diversity and distribution reported from all over the world is prepared and presented over here based on available bibliographic survey upon published data.After critical review and verification,a total of 207 taxonomic records of Corynespora has been found in Index Fungorum,among them 179 spp.(86.47%)have been found as nomenclaurally valid/accepted taxa,while 14 spp.(6.76%)found to be transferred to other different taxa,11 spp.(5.31%)synonymously transferred to other Corynespora taxa,and 3 spp.(1.44%)found as invalid taxa.In all word-wide recorded Corynespora species,114 spp.(55.07%)have been found as foliicolous,90 spp.(43.47%)as lignicolous,2 spp.(0.96%)as lichenicolous,and 1 sp.(0.48%)from the air.Similarly,184 spp.(88.88%)have been reported on Angiosperms,1 sp.(0.48%)on Gymnosperms,22 spp.(10.62%)recorded on unidentified plant parts/taxa,whereas no one species recorded on Bryophytes and Pteridophytes.Likewise,166 spp.(80.19%)have been recorded on 54 families of Dicot,18 spp.(8.69%)on 6 families of monocot,1 sp.(0.48%)on 1 family of Gymnosperm,and 22 spp.(10.62%)on unidentified plant parts/taxa.Furthermore,the distribution of Corynespora spp.have been recorded from 34 countries,in which the species richness recorded maximum in India(80 spp.,38.64%)followed by China(31 spp.,14.97%),USA(11 spp.,5.31%),and other countries.Besides,distinguishing features of valid Corynespora spp.are also provided along with their hosts/substrate,host’s family,distribution(country),and references.This paper provides an updated checklist of Corynespora spp.reported from all over the world with their current status in the context of current nomenclature.In order to get all collected scientific information at one shop for further scientific study on exploration of Corynespora,this compiled up-to-date checklist with their comparative morphology would be vital and helpful to the researchers of concern fields as well as allied disciplines.展开更多
In recent years, Corynespora leaf blight is on the increase in cotton and has become an important disease in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. It attacks several plant species including soybean. It is not yet known wh...In recent years, Corynespora leaf blight is on the increase in cotton and has become an important disease in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. It attacks several plant species including soybean. It is not yet known whether the same strain of this pathogen attacks both the crops. The objectives of the present investigation were to verify the genotypic and phenotypic variation between the isolates attacking cotton and soybean and to verify the sources of resistance in cotton. Differential response of 23 cotton genotypes was studied under glasshouse conditions using mixture of two randomly selected isolates of C. cassiicola of cotton in equal proportion. Genotypic variation among three cotton and two soybean isolates was studied using ERIC/REP-PCR and rDNA molecular techniques. With one exception, all the cotton genotypes tested so far were susceptible to C. cassiicola isolates of both cotton and soybean. Similarly, results of both molecular techniques indicated that the C. cassiicola isolates attacking cotton and soybean belong to the same strain of the pathogen in Brazil. Since Corynespora blight is a newly immerging disease of cotton and soybean in Brazil, integration of crop rotation and the sanitary practices are suggested to manage the disease.展开更多
Cucumber target spot,a major disease that threatens cucumber production,is caused by Corynespora cassiicola.Cyclobutrifluram,a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor(SDHI)developed by Syngenta,has demonstrated strong...Cucumber target spot,a major disease that threatens cucumber production,is caused by Corynespora cassiicola.Cyclobutrifluram,a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor(SDHI)developed by Syngenta,has demonstrated strong inhibitory activity against various plant pathogenic fungi and nematodes.However,its antifungal spectrum,resistance risk as well as underlying mechanisms of resistance in C.cassiicola remain poorly understood.In this study,cyclobutrifluram exhibited potent inhibitory activity against anamorphic fungi and selected ascomycetes,with the mean sensitivity of C.cassiicola isolates to the fungicide being 0.98±1.26μg/mL.Additionally,five laboratory-derived cyclobutrifluram-resistant mutants showed comparable or lower biological fitness than their respective parental isolates.The resistant mutants and field isolates were also found to possess nine distinct point mutations in the CcSdhB,CcSdhC or CcSdhD genes.Finally,cyclobutrifluram exhibited positive cross-resistance with other SDHIs,with the resistance levels varying depending on the specific mutations present.In conclusion,cyclobutrifluram was found to be effective against anamorphic fungi and selected ascomycetes.C.cassiicola’s risk of resistance development to cyclobutrifluram was assessed as moderate to high and was primarily associated with mutations in CcSdh genes.Highlights The antifungal spectrum of cyclobutrifluram was investigated.C.cassiicola’s risk of resistance development to cyclobutrifluram was classified as moderate to high.Specific point mutations in CcSdh genes conferred resistance to cyclobutrifluram.展开更多
Corynespora cassiicola is the causal agent of Corynespora Leaf Fall(CLF)disease.CLF is one of the most important fungal diseases of rubber trees in Asia and Africa but disease outbreaks have not been reported in South...Corynespora cassiicola is the causal agent of Corynespora Leaf Fall(CLF)disease.CLF is one of the most important fungal diseases of rubber trees in Asia and Africa but disease outbreaks have not been reported in South America.Cassiicolin,a small cysteine-rich glycoprotein secreted by the pathogenic C.cassiicola isolate CCP,was previously identified as a potential disease effector in rubber tree.Recently,the cassiicolin-encoding gene(Cas1)was characterized and shown to be expressed in the early phase of infection.In this study,we investigated whether previously undetected strains of C.cassiicola are present in South American rubber plantations by examining the fungal endophyte population found in asymptomatic rubber tree leaves.Four isolates were identified as C.cassiicola.Genes encoding new forms of the cassiicolin precursor protein(Cas3 and Cas4)were identified from these isolates.Three of four isolates were able to induce symptoms on the cultivar they were isolated from in a detached leaf assay,with different kinetics and intensities.One isolate had the same pathogenicity profile as the pathogenic isolate CCP;the other two isolates developed symptoms late during the course of infection,suggesting saprotrophic capabilities.However,no Cas3 or Cas4 transcripts could be detected upon inoculation with the endophytic isolates,whereas the reference gene Cas1 was expressed upon inoculation with the CCP isolate.This work demonstrated that C.cassiicola is present in South America in an endophytic form and that it may evolve from an endophytic to a saprophytic or even potentially pathogenic life style.展开更多
Corynespora cassiicola is a common plant pathogen responsible for leaf-spotting diseases in the tropical and subtropical areas.C.cassiicola seldom causes human infections.Here we describe a case of subcutaneous phaeoh...Corynespora cassiicola is a common plant pathogen responsible for leaf-spotting diseases in the tropical and subtropical areas.C.cassiicola seldom causes human infections.Here we describe a case of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by C.cassiicola in a 76-year-old Chinese man,who presented to our hospital with a purulent discharge and painful sensation on his right leg.Skin biopsy revealed an abscess,and culture confirmed C.cassiicola to be the causative agent.The result was further identified by sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region.The patient was successfully treated with systemic voriconazole and wound debridement:the lesion disappeared after 20 days.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Cladosporium and Corynespora cassiicola(C.cassiicola)infections rarely occur in humans.Mutations in human caspase recruitment domain protein 9(CARD9)are reported to be associated with fungal diseases.Pulmonary Cladosporium infection coexisting with subcutaneous C.cassiicola infection in a patient with a CARD9 mutation has not been reported in the literature.CASE SUMMARY A 68-year-old male patient was hospitalized for hypertrophic erythema and deep ulcers on the left upper extremity.He was diagnosed with pneumonia caused by Cladosporium,as identified through bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis,and deep dermatophytosis caused by C.cassiicola,as identified through morphological characteristics of the wound secretion culture.He underwent antifungal therapy(voriconazole)and recovered successfully.He carried two mutations in CARD9(chr9:139266425 and chr9:139262240)and was therefore susceptible to fungal infections.CONCLUSION This case study is the first to report the coexistence of pulmonary Cladosporium infection and subcutaneous C.cassiicola infection in a patient with CARD9 mutation.Our findings will be helpful in enriching the phenotypic spectrum of fungal infections underlying CARD9 deficiency.
基金the Science&Engineering Research Board(SERB),Department of Science&Technology(DST),Govt.of India for financial assistance(CRG/2019/005014).
文摘A review and updated checklist of Corynespora(Dematiaceous hyphomycetes)diversity and distribution reported from all over the world is prepared and presented over here based on available bibliographic survey upon published data.After critical review and verification,a total of 207 taxonomic records of Corynespora has been found in Index Fungorum,among them 179 spp.(86.47%)have been found as nomenclaurally valid/accepted taxa,while 14 spp.(6.76%)found to be transferred to other different taxa,11 spp.(5.31%)synonymously transferred to other Corynespora taxa,and 3 spp.(1.44%)found as invalid taxa.In all word-wide recorded Corynespora species,114 spp.(55.07%)have been found as foliicolous,90 spp.(43.47%)as lignicolous,2 spp.(0.96%)as lichenicolous,and 1 sp.(0.48%)from the air.Similarly,184 spp.(88.88%)have been reported on Angiosperms,1 sp.(0.48%)on Gymnosperms,22 spp.(10.62%)recorded on unidentified plant parts/taxa,whereas no one species recorded on Bryophytes and Pteridophytes.Likewise,166 spp.(80.19%)have been recorded on 54 families of Dicot,18 spp.(8.69%)on 6 families of monocot,1 sp.(0.48%)on 1 family of Gymnosperm,and 22 spp.(10.62%)on unidentified plant parts/taxa.Furthermore,the distribution of Corynespora spp.have been recorded from 34 countries,in which the species richness recorded maximum in India(80 spp.,38.64%)followed by China(31 spp.,14.97%),USA(11 spp.,5.31%),and other countries.Besides,distinguishing features of valid Corynespora spp.are also provided along with their hosts/substrate,host’s family,distribution(country),and references.This paper provides an updated checklist of Corynespora spp.reported from all over the world with their current status in the context of current nomenclature.In order to get all collected scientific information at one shop for further scientific study on exploration of Corynespora,this compiled up-to-date checklist with their comparative morphology would be vital and helpful to the researchers of concern fields as well as allied disciplines.
文摘In recent years, Corynespora leaf blight is on the increase in cotton and has become an important disease in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. It attacks several plant species including soybean. It is not yet known whether the same strain of this pathogen attacks both the crops. The objectives of the present investigation were to verify the genotypic and phenotypic variation between the isolates attacking cotton and soybean and to verify the sources of resistance in cotton. Differential response of 23 cotton genotypes was studied under glasshouse conditions using mixture of two randomly selected isolates of C. cassiicola of cotton in equal proportion. Genotypic variation among three cotton and two soybean isolates was studied using ERIC/REP-PCR and rDNA molecular techniques. With one exception, all the cotton genotypes tested so far were susceptible to C. cassiicola isolates of both cotton and soybean. Similarly, results of both molecular techniques indicated that the C. cassiicola isolates attacking cotton and soybean belong to the same strain of the pathogen in Brazil. Since Corynespora blight is a newly immerging disease of cotton and soybean in Brazil, integration of crop rotation and the sanitary practices are suggested to manage the disease.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(grant no.2022YFD1400900)National Key R&D Program of China,2022YFD1400900,Qin Peng。
文摘Cucumber target spot,a major disease that threatens cucumber production,is caused by Corynespora cassiicola.Cyclobutrifluram,a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor(SDHI)developed by Syngenta,has demonstrated strong inhibitory activity against various plant pathogenic fungi and nematodes.However,its antifungal spectrum,resistance risk as well as underlying mechanisms of resistance in C.cassiicola remain poorly understood.In this study,cyclobutrifluram exhibited potent inhibitory activity against anamorphic fungi and selected ascomycetes,with the mean sensitivity of C.cassiicola isolates to the fungicide being 0.98±1.26μg/mL.Additionally,five laboratory-derived cyclobutrifluram-resistant mutants showed comparable or lower biological fitness than their respective parental isolates.The resistant mutants and field isolates were also found to possess nine distinct point mutations in the CcSdhB,CcSdhC or CcSdhD genes.Finally,cyclobutrifluram exhibited positive cross-resistance with other SDHIs,with the resistance levels varying depending on the specific mutations present.In conclusion,cyclobutrifluram was found to be effective against anamorphic fungi and selected ascomycetes.C.cassiicola’s risk of resistance development to cyclobutrifluram was assessed as moderate to high and was primarily associated with mutations in CcSdh genes.Highlights The antifungal spectrum of cyclobutrifluram was investigated.C.cassiicola’s risk of resistance development to cyclobutrifluram was classified as moderate to high.Specific point mutations in CcSdh genes conferred resistance to cyclobutrifluram.
文摘Corynespora cassiicola is the causal agent of Corynespora Leaf Fall(CLF)disease.CLF is one of the most important fungal diseases of rubber trees in Asia and Africa but disease outbreaks have not been reported in South America.Cassiicolin,a small cysteine-rich glycoprotein secreted by the pathogenic C.cassiicola isolate CCP,was previously identified as a potential disease effector in rubber tree.Recently,the cassiicolin-encoding gene(Cas1)was characterized and shown to be expressed in the early phase of infection.In this study,we investigated whether previously undetected strains of C.cassiicola are present in South American rubber plantations by examining the fungal endophyte population found in asymptomatic rubber tree leaves.Four isolates were identified as C.cassiicola.Genes encoding new forms of the cassiicolin precursor protein(Cas3 and Cas4)were identified from these isolates.Three of four isolates were able to induce symptoms on the cultivar they were isolated from in a detached leaf assay,with different kinetics and intensities.One isolate had the same pathogenicity profile as the pathogenic isolate CCP;the other two isolates developed symptoms late during the course of infection,suggesting saprotrophic capabilities.However,no Cas3 or Cas4 transcripts could be detected upon inoculation with the endophytic isolates,whereas the reference gene Cas1 was expressed upon inoculation with the CCP isolate.This work demonstrated that C.cassiicola is present in South America in an endophytic form and that it may evolve from an endophytic to a saprophytic or even potentially pathogenic life style.
基金supported by the Youth Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(82002113).
文摘Corynespora cassiicola is a common plant pathogen responsible for leaf-spotting diseases in the tropical and subtropical areas.C.cassiicola seldom causes human infections.Here we describe a case of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by C.cassiicola in a 76-year-old Chinese man,who presented to our hospital with a purulent discharge and painful sensation on his right leg.Skin biopsy revealed an abscess,and culture confirmed C.cassiicola to be the causative agent.The result was further identified by sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region.The patient was successfully treated with systemic voriconazole and wound debridement:the lesion disappeared after 20 days.
