The success of a software development project requires the early objective determination of the project’s correctness or incorrectness and the identification of the most effective solution for project management. How...The success of a software development project requires the early objective determination of the project’s correctness or incorrectness and the identification of the most effective solution for project management. However, few studies have been conducted on the reliable quantitative early judgment of correctness or incorrectness. In recent years, the collection and accumulation of actual attribute data from Japanese domestic software development projects have been conducted by the Software Engineering Centre of the Information-Technology Promotion Agency of Japan. In a previous article, we proposed a precise definition of project correctness or incorrectness and identified the important factors in successful projects;we also proposed a quantitative decision-making method for judging project correctness or incorrectness objectively and quantitatively on the basis of discriminant analysis using project completion attribute data. On the basis of the previous results, we propose a quantitative decision-making technique for the early judging of project correctness or incorrectness based on the attribute data of design stage as early stage of development.展开更多
Regular expressions are widely used within and even outside of computer science due to their expressiveness and flexibility.However, regular expressions have a quite compact and rather tolerant syntax that makes them ...Regular expressions are widely used within and even outside of computer science due to their expressiveness and flexibility.However, regular expressions have a quite compact and rather tolerant syntax that makes them hard to understand, hard to compose,and error-prone. Faulty regular expressions may cause failures of the applications that use them. Therefore, ensuring the correctness of regular expressions is a vital prerequisite for their use in practical applications. The importance and necessity of ensuring correct definitions of regular expressions have attracted extensive attention from researchers and practitioners, especially in recent years. In this study, we provide a review of the recent works for ensuring the correct usage of regular expressions. We classify those works into different categories, including the empirical study, test string generation, automatic synthesis and learning, static checking and verification,visual representation and explanation, and repairing. For each category, we review the main results, compare different approaches, and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. We also discuss some potential future research directions.展开更多
Currently,there is a growing trend among users to store their data in the cloud.However,the cloud is vulnerable to persistent data corruption risks arising from equipment failures and hacker attacks.Additionally,when ...Currently,there is a growing trend among users to store their data in the cloud.However,the cloud is vulnerable to persistent data corruption risks arising from equipment failures and hacker attacks.Additionally,when users perform file operations,the semantic integrity of the data can be compromised.Ensuring both data integrity and semantic correctness has become a critical issue that requires attention.We introduce a pioneering solution called Sec-Auditor,the first of its kind with the ability to verify data integrity and semantic correctness simultaneously,while maintaining a constant communication cost independent of the audited data volume.Sec-Auditor also supports public auditing,enabling anyone with access to public information to conduct data audits.This feature makes Sec-Auditor highly adaptable to open data environments,such as the cloud.In Sec-Auditor,users are assigned specific rules that are utilized to verify the accuracy of data semantic.Furthermore,users are given the flexibility to update their own rules as needed.We conduct in-depth analyses of the correctness and security of Sec-Auditor.We also compare several important security attributes with existing schemes,demonstrating the superior properties of Sec-Auditor.Evaluation results demonstrate that even for time-consuming file upload operations,our solution is more efficient than the comparison one.展开更多
Political correctness （PC） is both a cultural existence and a language phenomenon. It is used to describe language policies intending to avoid offense or disadvmatages to specific groups in society reflecting the la...Political correctness （PC） is both a cultural existence and a language phenomenon. It is used to describe language policies intending to avoid offense or disadvmatages to specific groups in society reflecting the language norms of the Americans as well as withdrawing from language discrimination. This paper traces briefly the history of political correctness in American English, make analysis of the connotations of politically correct terms in American English, and illustrates the influence PC has on American English. Finally, some implications in political correctness in TEFL （Teaching English as a Foreign Language） were drawn with the intention to enhance learners＇ competency in language as well as intercultural communication.展开更多
As the result of the western political polarization,traditional Cold war mentality and dominant powers’anxiety in the context of reconstruction of global politics and economy,extreme political correctness is not only...As the result of the western political polarization,traditional Cold war mentality and dominant powers’anxiety in the context of reconstruction of global politics and economy,extreme political correctness is not only the enemy of the freedom of speech,but also the breeding ground of international terrorism.The final destination of international anti-terrorism and global human rights governance is the pursuit of a happy life for all human beings and construction of a community with a shared future for human beings,rather than the extreme political correctness.only we persist in the idea of pursuing a happy life for all human beings and a community with a shared future for human beings,by means of cooperation in the global governance and"civilization dialogue,can the path to the future be possible."展开更多
Translation has been typically seen as a process of decoding the overall meaning of the source language,both linguisti⁃cally and culturally.Political correctness that hidden between the lines and words is one of the c...Translation has been typically seen as a process of decoding the overall meaning of the source language,both linguisti⁃cally and culturally.Political correctness that hidden between the lines and words is one of the challenges in translation.This paper presents several examples of political correctness in different text types,provides the principles of doing politically correct transla⁃tions.This paper also takes a look at issues of the increase in politically correct words and different cultural background in translat⁃ing.展开更多
In 2002, Faugere presented the famous F5 algorithm for computing GrSbner basis where two cri- teria, syzygy criterion and rewritten criterion, were proposed to avoid redundant computations. He proved the correctness o...In 2002, Faugere presented the famous F5 algorithm for computing GrSbner basis where two cri- teria, syzygy criterion and rewritten criterion, were proposed to avoid redundant computations. He proved the correctness of the syzygy criterion, but the proof for the correctness of the rewritten criterion was left. Since then, F5 has been studied extensively. Some proofs for the correctness of F5 were proposed, but these proofs are valid only under some extra assumptions. In this paper, we give a proof for the correctness of F5B, an equivalent version of F5 in Buchberger＇s style. The proof is valid for both homogeneous and non-homogeneous polynomial systems. Since this proof does not depend on the computing order of the S-pairs, any strategy of selecting S-pairs could be used in F5B or F5. Furthermore, we propose a natural and non-incremental variant of F5 where two revised criteria can be used to remove almost all redundant S-pairs.展开更多
How to compose existing web services automatically and to guarantee the correctness of the design(e.g.freeness of deadlock and unspecified reception,and temporal constraints)is an important and challenging problem in ...How to compose existing web services automatically and to guarantee the correctness of the design(e.g.freeness of deadlock and unspecified reception,and temporal constraints)is an important and challenging problem in web services.Most existing approaches require a detailed specification of the desired behaviors of a composite service beforehand and then perform certain formal verification to guarantee the correctness of the design,which makes the composition process both complex and time-consuming.In this paper,we propose a novel approach,referred to as AutoSyn to compose web services,where the correctness is guaranteed in the synthesis process.For a given set of services,a composite service is automatically constructed based on L*algorithm,which guarantees that the composite service is the most general way of coordinating services so that the correctness is ensured.We show the soundness and completeness of our solution and give a set of optimization techniques for reducing the time consumption.We have implemented a prototype system of AutoSyn and evaluated the effectiveness and efficiency of AutoSyn through an experimental study.展开更多
We present a symbolic-numeric hybrid method, based on sum-of-squares （SOS） relaxation and rational vec- tor recovery, to compute inequality invariants and ranking functions for proving total correctness and generati...We present a symbolic-numeric hybrid method, based on sum-of-squares （SOS） relaxation and rational vec- tor recovery, to compute inequality invariants and ranking functions for proving total correctness and generating pre- conditions for programs. The SOS relaxation method is used to compute approximate invariants and approximate rank- ing functions with floating point coefficients. Then Gauss- Newton refinement and rational vector recovery are applied to approximate polynomials to obtain candidate polynomials with rational coefficients, which exactly satisfy the conditions of invariants and ranking functions. In the end, several exam- ples are given to show the effectiveness of our method.展开更多
The paper was published in October 24,2025(D0I:10.11865/zs.2025404).The author wishes to correct her affiliation due to an institutional change during the manuscript preparation process.
In recent years,the global installed capacity of wind power has grown rapidly,making the enhancement of wind power prediction accuracy crucial for facilitating the integration and consumption of renewable energy.Curre...In recent years,the global installed capacity of wind power has grown rapidly,making the enhancement of wind power prediction accuracy crucial for facilitating the integration and consumption of renewable energy.Current research on ultra-short-term wind power prediction often overlooks load characteristics,resulting in an inability to adequately address grid connection requirements and load dispatching demands across different time periods.To address this limitation,this study proposes a novel approach to ultra-short-term wind power prediction error correction that incorporates load peak-valley characteristics.The methodology involves three key steps:first,deriving interannual prediction error characteristics from ultra-short-term prediction results of wind farm clusters;second,establishing error correction intervals for load peak and valley periods,calculating corresponding correction coefficients,and analyzing the impact of varying correction radii on the final results;third,validating the proposed method through empirical analysis of wind farm clusters in three northeastern provinces.The results demonstrate that this approach not only improves wind power prediction accuracy but also significantly reduces the occurrence of harmful error days,thereby better meeting the operational requirements of power system dispatch.展开更多
Marine heatwaves(MHWs)in the South China Sea(SCS)significantly impact marine ecosystems and socioeconomic development,yet accurately forecasting MHWs remains a challenge.This study developed an upper-ocean temperature...Marine heatwaves(MHWs)in the South China Sea(SCS)significantly impact marine ecosystems and socioeconomic development,yet accurately forecasting MHWs remains a challenge.This study developed an upper-ocean temperature forecasting model based on ConvLSTM for the northern SCS and,in conjunction with the ocean forecasting system LICOM Forecast System(LFS),constructed a hybrid Fusion model using Wasserstein-Distance optimization.The ability of these three models to forecast key MHW metrics with a 10-day lead was assessed during the summer of 2022 in the SCS.Overall,the Fusion model takes advantage of LFS and ConvLSTM,providing superior forecasts for both the duration and intensity of MHWs in the southern SCS.LFS(ConvLSTM)overestimates(underestimates)the duration of MHWs and all models exhibit limitations in forecasting the intensity of MHWs in part of the SCS.The Fusion model's superior forecast skill for MHWs may be attributable to its more realistic representation of the upper-ocean thermal structure with shallower mixed-layer depths during MHWs.This study highlights that combining the deep learning technique with a dynamical model can improve MHW forecasting and has certain physical interpretability.展开更多
Aerodynamic performances of axial compressors are significantly affected by variation of Reynolds number in aero-engines.In the design and analysis of compressors,previous correction methods for cascades and stages ha...Aerodynamic performances of axial compressors are significantly affected by variation of Reynolds number in aero-engines.In the design and analysis of compressors,previous correction methods for cascades and stages have difficulties in predicting comprehensively Reynolds number effects on airfoils,matching and characteristics curves.This study proposes Re-correction models for loss,deviation angle and endwall blockage based on classical theories and cascade tests,and loss and deviation models show good agreement in test data of NACA65 and C4 cascades.Throughflow method considering Reynolds number effects is developed by integrating the correction models into a verified Streamline Curvature(SLC)tool.A three-stage axial compressor is investigated through SLC and CFD methods from design Reynolds number(Red=2106)to low Re=4104,and the numerical methods are validated with test data of characteristic curves and spanwise distributions at Red.With Re reduction,SLC method with correction models well predicts variation in overall performances compared with CFD calculations and Wassell's model.Streamwise and spanwise matching such as total pressure and loss distributions in SLC predictions are basically consistent with those in CFD results at near-stall points under design and low Reynolds numbers.SLC and CFD methods share similar detections of stall risks in the third stage(Stg3),and their analyses of diffusion processes deviate to some extent due to different predictions in separated endwall flow.The correction models can be adopted to consider Reynolds number effects in through-flow design and analysis of axial compressors.展开更多
Despite its significant societal and scientific importance,projected changes in the characteristics of intraseasonal oscillations(ISOs)associated with Indian summer monsoon rainfall under increased greenhouse gas conc...Despite its significant societal and scientific importance,projected changes in the characteristics of intraseasonal oscillations(ISOs)associated with Indian summer monsoon rainfall under increased greenhouse gas concentrations remain largely unexplored.This study utilizes downscaled and bias-corrected historical simulations and projections from 17 CMIP6 models to investigate the future evolution of ISOs.Our findings reveal a twofold increase in ISO variability over India in the far future under the very high emissions scenario,raising critical concerns about its adverse socioeconomic impacts.Our analysis suggests that the increased magnitude of precipitation anomalies associated with northwardpropagating ISOs may intensify active monsoon spells,potentially triggering extreme rainfall events.Additionally,the phase speed of these northward-propagating ISOs over the Bay of Bengal is projected to accelerate owing to weakened air-sea coupling and feedback.This acceleration reduces the northwest-southeast tilt of the precipitation band,altering the spatial structure of the ISOs.Concurrently,the strengthening of circulation-precipitation feedback and warming of the Indian Ocean are projected to enhance the phase speed of monsoon ISOs,leading to more frequent active spells.This study underscores the critical role of regional ocean-atmosphere feedback in shaping future ISO characteristics,highlighting the urgent need for improved understanding and prediction of these changes in the context of a warming climate.展开更多
The accuracy of genomic annotation is crucial for subsequent functional investigations;however,computational protocols used in high-throughput annotation of open reading frames(ORFs)can introduce inconsistencies.These...The accuracy of genomic annotation is crucial for subsequent functional investigations;however,computational protocols used in high-throughput annotation of open reading frames(ORFs)can introduce inconsistencies.These inconsistencies,which lead to non-uniform extension or truncation of sequence ends,pose challenges for downstream analyses.Existing strategies to rectify these inconsistencies are time-consuming and labor-intensive,lacking specific approaches.To address this gap,we developed to GC,a tool that integrates genomic annotation with RNA-seq datasets to rectify annotation inconsistencies.Using to GC,we achieved an accuracy of nearly 100%accuracy in correcting inconsistencies in published Phytophthora sojae ORFs.We applied this innovative pipeline to the GPCR-bigrams gene family,which was predicted to have 42 members in the P.sojae genome but lacked experimental validation.By employing to GC,we identified 32 GPCR-bigram ORFs with inconsistencies between previous annotations and to GC-corrected sequences.Notably,among these were 5 genes(GPCR-TKL9,GPCR-TKL15,GPCR-PDE3,GPCR-AC3,and GPCR-AC4)showed substantial inconsistencies.Experimental gene annotation confirmed the effectiveness of to GC,as sequences obtained through cloning matched those annotated by to GC.Importantly,we discovered two novel GPCRs(GPCR-AC3 and GPCR-AC4),which were previously mispredicted as a single gene.CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout experiments revealed the involvement of GPCR-AC4 but not GPCR-AC3 in oospore production,further confirming their status as two separate genes.In addition to P.sojae,the reliability of the to GC pipeline in Phytophthora capsici and Pythium ultimum further emphasizes the robustness of this pipeline.Our findings highlight the utility of to GC for reliable gene model correction,facilitating investigations into biological functions and offering potential applications in diverse species analyses.展开更多
Rui Chena,b,Tangbing Cui a,b,∗a School of Biology and Biological Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China b Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering,South China Un...Rui Chena,b,Tangbing Cui a,b,∗a School of Biology and Biological Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China b Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China The authors regret that the published version of this article contained several errors and omissions,which are described and corrected below.1.Figs.3 and 4(figure order and legends).In the published article,Figs.3 and 4 were inadvertently published in reversed order.The figures should be swapped so that the figure content matches its caption.The correct figures and their legends are provided on the following page.2.Title correction.The compound name in the published title was incorrectly typeset as“benzo[a]pyrene”The correct spelling is“benzo[a]pyrene.”3.Text corrections in Section 2.4.Several typographical errors occurred in Section 2.4(“Up-regulation of acetoin,lactate,and kanosamine biosynthesis under sodium gluconate treatment”).展开更多
The rapid melting of Arctic sea ice poses significant risks to the safety of shipping routes.Accurate remote sensing data on sea ice concentration(SIC)is crucial for effective route planning of ships and ensuring navi...The rapid melting of Arctic sea ice poses significant risks to the safety of shipping routes.Accurate remote sensing data on sea ice concentration(SIC)is crucial for effective route planning of ships and ensuring navigational safety.Despite the availability of numerous SIC products in China,these datasets still lag behind mainstream international products in terms of data accuracy,spatiotemporal resolution,and time span.To enhance the accuracy of China's domestic SIC remote sensing data,this study used the SIC data derived from the passive microwave remote sensing dataset provided by the University of Bremen(BRM-SIC)as a reference to conduct a comprehensive evaluation and analysis of two additional SIC datasets:the dataset derived from the microwave radiation imager(MWRI)aboard the FY-3D satellite,provided by the National Satellite Meteorological Center(FY-SIC),and the dataset obtained through the DT-ASI algorithm from the microwave imager of the FY-3D satellite,provided by Ocean University of China(OUC-SIC).Based on the evaluation results,a TransUnet fusion correction model was developed.The performance of this model was then compared against Ordinary Least Squares(OLS),Random Forest(RF),and UNet correction models,through spatial and temporal analyses.Results indicate that,compared to FY-SIC data,the RMSE of the OUC-SIC data and the standard data is reduced by24.245%,while the R is increased by 12.516%.Overall,the accuracy of OUC-SIC data is superior to that of FY-SIC data.During the research period(2020–2022),the standard deviation(SD)and coefficient of variation(CV)of OUC-SIC were 3.877%and 10.582%,respectively,while those for FY-SIC were 7.836%and 7.982%,respectively.In the study area,compared with OUC-SIC data,FYSIC data exhibited a larger standard deviation of deviation and a smaller coefficient of variation of deviation across most sea areas.These results indicate that the OUC-SIC data exhibit better temporal and spatial stability,whereas the FY-SIC data show stronger relative dimensionless stability.Among the four correction models,all showed improvements over the original,unfused corrected data.The fusion corrections using the OLS,RF,UNet,and TransUnet models reduced RMSE by 5.563%,14.601%,42.927%,and48.316%,respectively.Correspondingly,R increased by 0.463%,1.176%,3.951%,and 4.342%,respectively.Among these models,TransUnet performed the best,effectively integrating the advantages of FY-SIC and OUC-SIC data and notably improving the overall accuracy and spatiotemporal stability of SIC data.展开更多
Accurate precipitation estimation in semiarid,topographically complicated areas is critical for water resource management and climate risk monitoring.This work provides a detailed,multi-scale evaluation of four major ...Accurate precipitation estimation in semiarid,topographically complicated areas is critical for water resource management and climate risk monitoring.This work provides a detailed,multi-scale evaluation of four major satellite precipitation products(CHIRPS,PERSIANN-CDR,IMERG-F v07,and GSMaP)over Isfahan province,Iran,over a 9-year period(2015-2023).The performance of these products was benchmarked against a dense network of 98 rain gauges using a suite of continuous and categorical statistical metrics,following a two-stage quality control protocol to remove outliers and false alarms.The results revealed that the performance of all products improves with temporal aggregation.At the daily level,GSMaP performed marginally better,although all products were linked with considerable uncertainty.At the monthly and annual levels,the GPM-era products(IMERG and GSMaP)clearly beat the other two,establishing themselves as dependable tools for long-term hydro-climatological studies.Error analysis revealed that topography is the dominant regulating factor,creating a systematic elevationdependent bias,largely characterized by underestimation from most products in high-elevation areas,though the PERSIANN-CDR product exhibited a contrasting overestimation tendency.Finally,the findings highlight the importance of implementing local,elevation-dependent calibration before deploying these products in hydrological modeling.展开更多
Accurate forecasting of tropical cyclone(TC)tracks and intensities is essential.Although the TianXing large weather model,a six-hourly forecasting model surpassing operational forecasts,exhibits superior performance,i...Accurate forecasting of tropical cyclone(TC)tracks and intensities is essential.Although the TianXing large weather model,a six-hourly forecasting model surpassing operational forecasts,exhibits superior performance,its TC forecasts still require enhancement.Prediction errors persist due to biases in the training data and smoothing effects in data-driven methods.To address this,we introduce CycloneBCNet,a deep-learning model designed to correct TianXing’s TC forecast biases by leveraging spatial and temporal data.CycloneBCNet utilizes the SimVP(simpler yet better video prediction)framework with spatial attention to highlight cyclone core regions in forecast fields.It also incorporates TC trend information(center position,maximum wind speed,and minimum sea level pressure)via an LSTM(long short-term memory)module.These TC vectors are derived from post-processed TianXing forecasts.By fusing features from forecast fields and TC vectors,CycloneBCNet corrects biases across multiple lead times.At a 96-h lead time,the track error reduces from 162.4 to 86.4 km,the wind speed error from 17.2 to 6.69 m s^(-1),and the pressure error from 22.2 to 9.36 hPa.Interpretability analysis shows that CycloneBCNet adjusts its attention across forecast lead times.Intensity corrections prioritize inner-core dynamics,particularly the eye and eyewall,while track corrections shift from lower-level variables and the cyclone’s core to broader environmental factors and mid-to upper-level features as the forecast duration increases.These findings demonstrate that CycloneBCNet effectively captures key TC dynamics consistent with meteorological principles,including the dominance of near-surface conditions for intensity and the increasing influence of steering currents on track prediction.展开更多
Considering the drastic variations in the surface elevation of the piedmont region in the Bai Cheng West Area,there is no reference point within the Reference Ground Line(RG line)of the starting point of the synthetic...Considering the drastic variations in the surface elevation of the piedmont region in the Bai Cheng West Area,there is no reference point within the Reference Ground Line(RG line)of the starting point of the synthetic seismic records in the process of calibration of the horizon.Through the analysis of the process and properties of the production of the RG line,in the processing of seismic data,it is indicated that the position of the synthetic data of seismic records is not located at the beginning of the RG line.Rather,it must be at the time point of the seismic profile at the elevation of a datum position of the static value of less than the datum plane.Both the RG line and the elevation static correction value line can easily be seen by computerizing the calculated value of the elevation static correction of the datum plane relating to the seismic section and plotting it on the seismic section.To achieve a good calibration with the synthetic seismogram,it is possible to set the starting point of the synthetic seismogram on the elevation static correction value line that is situated at the place of the Common Mid-Point(CMP).In the current paper,a systematic overview of methods and safety procedures for establishing the seismic interpretation work area and horizon calibration in seismic interpretation has been reviewed,which will form an effective guide towards seismic interpretation under the complicated surface conditions in the Bai Cheng west region.展开更多
文摘The success of a software development project requires the early objective determination of the project’s correctness or incorrectness and the identification of the most effective solution for project management. However, few studies have been conducted on the reliable quantitative early judgment of correctness or incorrectness. In recent years, the collection and accumulation of actual attribute data from Japanese domestic software development projects have been conducted by the Software Engineering Centre of the Information-Technology Promotion Agency of Japan. In a previous article, we proposed a precise definition of project correctness or incorrectness and identified the important factors in successful projects;we also proposed a quantitative decision-making method for judging project correctness or incorrectness objectively and quantitatively on the basis of discriminant analysis using project completion attribute data. On the basis of the previous results, we propose a quantitative decision-making technique for the early judging of project correctness or incorrectness based on the attribute data of design stage as early stage of development.
基金by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61872339,61502184 and 61925203).
文摘Regular expressions are widely used within and even outside of computer science due to their expressiveness and flexibility.However, regular expressions have a quite compact and rather tolerant syntax that makes them hard to understand, hard to compose,and error-prone. Faulty regular expressions may cause failures of the applications that use them. Therefore, ensuring the correctness of regular expressions is a vital prerequisite for their use in practical applications. The importance and necessity of ensuring correct definitions of regular expressions have attracted extensive attention from researchers and practitioners, especially in recent years. In this study, we provide a review of the recent works for ensuring the correct usage of regular expressions. We classify those works into different categories, including the empirical study, test string generation, automatic synthesis and learning, static checking and verification,visual representation and explanation, and repairing. For each category, we review the main results, compare different approaches, and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. We also discuss some potential future research directions.
基金This research was supported by the Qinghai Provincial High-End Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talents Project.
文摘Currently,there is a growing trend among users to store their data in the cloud.However,the cloud is vulnerable to persistent data corruption risks arising from equipment failures and hacker attacks.Additionally,when users perform file operations,the semantic integrity of the data can be compromised.Ensuring both data integrity and semantic correctness has become a critical issue that requires attention.We introduce a pioneering solution called Sec-Auditor,the first of its kind with the ability to verify data integrity and semantic correctness simultaneously,while maintaining a constant communication cost independent of the audited data volume.Sec-Auditor also supports public auditing,enabling anyone with access to public information to conduct data audits.This feature makes Sec-Auditor highly adaptable to open data environments,such as the cloud.In Sec-Auditor,users are assigned specific rules that are utilized to verify the accuracy of data semantic.Furthermore,users are given the flexibility to update their own rules as needed.We conduct in-depth analyses of the correctness and security of Sec-Auditor.We also compare several important security attributes with existing schemes,demonstrating the superior properties of Sec-Auditor.Evaluation results demonstrate that even for time-consuming file upload operations,our solution is more efficient than the comparison one.
文摘Political correctness （PC） is both a cultural existence and a language phenomenon. It is used to describe language policies intending to avoid offense or disadvmatages to specific groups in society reflecting the language norms of the Americans as well as withdrawing from language discrimination. This paper traces briefly the history of political correctness in American English, make analysis of the connotations of politically correct terms in American English, and illustrates the influence PC has on American English. Finally, some implications in political correctness in TEFL （Teaching English as a Foreign Language） were drawn with the intention to enhance learners＇ competency in language as well as intercultural communication.
文摘As the result of the western political polarization,traditional Cold war mentality and dominant powers’anxiety in the context of reconstruction of global politics and economy,extreme political correctness is not only the enemy of the freedom of speech,but also the breeding ground of international terrorism.The final destination of international anti-terrorism and global human rights governance is the pursuit of a happy life for all human beings and construction of a community with a shared future for human beings,rather than the extreme political correctness.only we persist in the idea of pursuing a happy life for all human beings and a community with a shared future for human beings,by means of cooperation in the global governance and"civilization dialogue,can the path to the future be possible."
文摘Translation has been typically seen as a process of decoding the overall meaning of the source language,both linguisti⁃cally and culturally.Political correctness that hidden between the lines and words is one of the challenges in translation.This paper presents several examples of political correctness in different text types,provides the principles of doing politically correct transla⁃tions.This paper also takes a look at issues of the increase in politically correct words and different cultural background in translat⁃ing.
基金supported by National Key Basic Research Project of China (Grant No.2011CB302400)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10971217 and 61121062)
文摘In 2002, Faugere presented the famous F5 algorithm for computing GrSbner basis where two cri- teria, syzygy criterion and rewritten criterion, were proposed to avoid redundant computations. He proved the correctness of the syzygy criterion, but the proof for the correctness of the rewritten criterion was left. Since then, F5 has been studied extensively. Some proofs for the correctness of F5 were proposed, but these proofs are valid only under some extra assumptions. In this paper, we give a proof for the correctness of F5B, an equivalent version of F5 in Buchberger＇s style. The proof is valid for both homogeneous and non-homogeneous polynomial systems. Since this proof does not depend on the computing order of the S-pairs, any strategy of selecting S-pairs could be used in F5B or F5. Furthermore, we propose a natural and non-incremental variant of F5 where two revised criteria can be used to remove almost all redundant S-pairs.
基金the National High-Tech Research&Development Program of China(Grant No.2007AA010301)the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2005CB321803)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scholar(Grant No.60525209)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)/Research Grants Council(RGC)Joint Research Project(Grant No.60731160632)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(Grant No.NCET-05-0186)
文摘How to compose existing web services automatically and to guarantee the correctness of the design(e.g.freeness of deadlock and unspecified reception,and temporal constraints)is an important and challenging problem in web services.Most existing approaches require a detailed specification of the desired behaviors of a composite service beforehand and then perform certain formal verification to guarantee the correctness of the design,which makes the composition process both complex and time-consuming.In this paper,we propose a novel approach,referred to as AutoSyn to compose web services,where the correctness is guaranteed in the synthesis process.For a given set of services,a composite service is automatically constructed based on L*algorithm,which guarantees that the composite service is the most general way of coordinating services so that the correctness is ensured.We show the soundness and completeness of our solution and give a set of optimization techniques for reducing the time consumption.We have implemented a prototype system of AutoSyn and evaluated the effectiveness and efficiency of AutoSyn through an experimental study.
文摘We present a symbolic-numeric hybrid method, based on sum-of-squares （SOS） relaxation and rational vec- tor recovery, to compute inequality invariants and ranking functions for proving total correctness and generating pre- conditions for programs. The SOS relaxation method is used to compute approximate invariants and approximate rank- ing functions with floating point coefficients. Then Gauss- Newton refinement and rational vector recovery are applied to approximate polynomials to obtain candidate polynomials with rational coefficients, which exactly satisfy the conditions of invariants and ranking functions. In the end, several exam- ples are given to show the effectiveness of our method.
文摘The paper was published in October 24,2025(D0I:10.11865/zs.2025404).The author wishes to correct her affiliation due to an institutional change during the manuscript preparation process.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Technology and application of wind power/photovoltaic power prediction for promoting renewable energy consumption(2018YFB0904200).
文摘In recent years,the global installed capacity of wind power has grown rapidly,making the enhancement of wind power prediction accuracy crucial for facilitating the integration and consumption of renewable energy.Current research on ultra-short-term wind power prediction often overlooks load characteristics,resulting in an inability to adequately address grid connection requirements and load dispatching demands across different time periods.To address this limitation,this study proposes a novel approach to ultra-short-term wind power prediction error correction that incorporates load peak-valley characteristics.The methodology involves three key steps:first,deriving interannual prediction error characteristics from ultra-short-term prediction results of wind farm clusters;second,establishing error correction intervals for load peak and valley periods,calculating corresponding correction coefficients,and analyzing the impact of varying correction radii on the final results;third,validating the proposed method through empirical analysis of wind farm clusters in three northeastern provinces.The results demonstrate that this approach not only improves wind power prediction accuracy but also significantly reduces the occurrence of harmful error days,thereby better meeting the operational requirements of power system dispatch.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant numbers 42375168 and 42205035]a Shanghai Science and Technology Commission Project [grant number 23DZ1204704]。
文摘Marine heatwaves(MHWs)in the South China Sea(SCS)significantly impact marine ecosystems and socioeconomic development,yet accurately forecasting MHWs remains a challenge.This study developed an upper-ocean temperature forecasting model based on ConvLSTM for the northern SCS and,in conjunction with the ocean forecasting system LICOM Forecast System(LFS),constructed a hybrid Fusion model using Wasserstein-Distance optimization.The ability of these three models to forecast key MHW metrics with a 10-day lead was assessed during the summer of 2022 in the SCS.Overall,the Fusion model takes advantage of LFS and ConvLSTM,providing superior forecasts for both the duration and intensity of MHWs in the southern SCS.LFS(ConvLSTM)overestimates(underestimates)the duration of MHWs and all models exhibit limitations in forecasting the intensity of MHWs in part of the SCS.The Fusion model's superior forecast skill for MHWs may be attributable to its more realistic representation of the upper-ocean thermal structure with shallower mixed-layer depths during MHWs.This study highlights that combining the deep learning technique with a dynamical model can improve MHW forecasting and has certain physical interpretability.
基金supported by the National Science and Tech-nology Major Project of China(Nos.2017-II-0007-0021 and J2019-II-0017-0038)。
文摘Aerodynamic performances of axial compressors are significantly affected by variation of Reynolds number in aero-engines.In the design and analysis of compressors,previous correction methods for cascades and stages have difficulties in predicting comprehensively Reynolds number effects on airfoils,matching and characteristics curves.This study proposes Re-correction models for loss,deviation angle and endwall blockage based on classical theories and cascade tests,and loss and deviation models show good agreement in test data of NACA65 and C4 cascades.Throughflow method considering Reynolds number effects is developed by integrating the correction models into a verified Streamline Curvature(SLC)tool.A three-stage axial compressor is investigated through SLC and CFD methods from design Reynolds number(Red=2106)to low Re=4104,and the numerical methods are validated with test data of characteristic curves and spanwise distributions at Red.With Re reduction,SLC method with correction models well predicts variation in overall performances compared with CFD calculations and Wassell's model.Streamwise and spanwise matching such as total pressure and loss distributions in SLC predictions are basically consistent with those in CFD results at near-stall points under design and low Reynolds numbers.SLC and CFD methods share similar detections of stall risks in the third stage(Stg3),and their analyses of diffusion processes deviate to some extent due to different predictions in separated endwall flow.The correction models can be adopted to consider Reynolds number effects in through-flow design and analysis of axial compressors.
基金supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT)(Grant No.RS-2024-00416848)SERB-DST Govt. of India for providing financial support under NPDF (Grant No.PDF/2022/001886)
文摘Despite its significant societal and scientific importance,projected changes in the characteristics of intraseasonal oscillations(ISOs)associated with Indian summer monsoon rainfall under increased greenhouse gas concentrations remain largely unexplored.This study utilizes downscaled and bias-corrected historical simulations and projections from 17 CMIP6 models to investigate the future evolution of ISOs.Our findings reveal a twofold increase in ISO variability over India in the far future under the very high emissions scenario,raising critical concerns about its adverse socioeconomic impacts.Our analysis suggests that the increased magnitude of precipitation anomalies associated with northwardpropagating ISOs may intensify active monsoon spells,potentially triggering extreme rainfall events.Additionally,the phase speed of these northward-propagating ISOs over the Bay of Bengal is projected to accelerate owing to weakened air-sea coupling and feedback.This acceleration reduces the northwest-southeast tilt of the precipitation band,altering the spatial structure of the ISOs.Concurrently,the strengthening of circulation-precipitation feedback and warming of the Indian Ocean are projected to enhance the phase speed of monsoon ISOs,leading to more frequent active spells.This study underscores the critical role of regional ocean-atmosphere feedback in shaping future ISO characteristics,highlighting the urgent need for improved understanding and prediction of these changes in the context of a warming climate.
基金supported by the grants to Min Qiu and Ming Wang from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32100160 and 32100044)the grants to Ming Wang from the Jiangsu“Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talent”Program,China(JSSCRC2021510)the grants to Yuanchao Wang from the Chinese Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(CARS-004-PS14)。
文摘The accuracy of genomic annotation is crucial for subsequent functional investigations;however,computational protocols used in high-throughput annotation of open reading frames(ORFs)can introduce inconsistencies.These inconsistencies,which lead to non-uniform extension or truncation of sequence ends,pose challenges for downstream analyses.Existing strategies to rectify these inconsistencies are time-consuming and labor-intensive,lacking specific approaches.To address this gap,we developed to GC,a tool that integrates genomic annotation with RNA-seq datasets to rectify annotation inconsistencies.Using to GC,we achieved an accuracy of nearly 100%accuracy in correcting inconsistencies in published Phytophthora sojae ORFs.We applied this innovative pipeline to the GPCR-bigrams gene family,which was predicted to have 42 members in the P.sojae genome but lacked experimental validation.By employing to GC,we identified 32 GPCR-bigram ORFs with inconsistencies between previous annotations and to GC-corrected sequences.Notably,among these were 5 genes(GPCR-TKL9,GPCR-TKL15,GPCR-PDE3,GPCR-AC3,and GPCR-AC4)showed substantial inconsistencies.Experimental gene annotation confirmed the effectiveness of to GC,as sequences obtained through cloning matched those annotated by to GC.Importantly,we discovered two novel GPCRs(GPCR-AC3 and GPCR-AC4),which were previously mispredicted as a single gene.CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout experiments revealed the involvement of GPCR-AC4 but not GPCR-AC3 in oospore production,further confirming their status as two separate genes.In addition to P.sojae,the reliability of the to GC pipeline in Phytophthora capsici and Pythium ultimum further emphasizes the robustness of this pipeline.Our findings highlight the utility of to GC for reliable gene model correction,facilitating investigations into biological functions and offering potential applications in diverse species analyses.
文摘Rui Chena,b,Tangbing Cui a,b,∗a School of Biology and Biological Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China b Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China The authors regret that the published version of this article contained several errors and omissions,which are described and corrected below.1.Figs.3 and 4(figure order and legends).In the published article,Figs.3 and 4 were inadvertently published in reversed order.The figures should be swapped so that the figure content matches its caption.The correct figures and their legends are provided on the following page.2.Title correction.The compound name in the published title was incorrectly typeset as“benzo[a]pyrene”The correct spelling is“benzo[a]pyrene.”3.Text corrections in Section 2.4.Several typographical errors occurred in Section 2.4(“Up-regulation of acetoin,lactate,and kanosamine biosynthesis under sodium gluconate treatment”).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41971339)the SDUST Research Fund(No.2019TDJH103)。
文摘The rapid melting of Arctic sea ice poses significant risks to the safety of shipping routes.Accurate remote sensing data on sea ice concentration(SIC)is crucial for effective route planning of ships and ensuring navigational safety.Despite the availability of numerous SIC products in China,these datasets still lag behind mainstream international products in terms of data accuracy,spatiotemporal resolution,and time span.To enhance the accuracy of China's domestic SIC remote sensing data,this study used the SIC data derived from the passive microwave remote sensing dataset provided by the University of Bremen(BRM-SIC)as a reference to conduct a comprehensive evaluation and analysis of two additional SIC datasets:the dataset derived from the microwave radiation imager(MWRI)aboard the FY-3D satellite,provided by the National Satellite Meteorological Center(FY-SIC),and the dataset obtained through the DT-ASI algorithm from the microwave imager of the FY-3D satellite,provided by Ocean University of China(OUC-SIC).Based on the evaluation results,a TransUnet fusion correction model was developed.The performance of this model was then compared against Ordinary Least Squares(OLS),Random Forest(RF),and UNet correction models,through spatial and temporal analyses.Results indicate that,compared to FY-SIC data,the RMSE of the OUC-SIC data and the standard data is reduced by24.245%,while the R is increased by 12.516%.Overall,the accuracy of OUC-SIC data is superior to that of FY-SIC data.During the research period(2020–2022),the standard deviation(SD)and coefficient of variation(CV)of OUC-SIC were 3.877%and 10.582%,respectively,while those for FY-SIC were 7.836%and 7.982%,respectively.In the study area,compared with OUC-SIC data,FYSIC data exhibited a larger standard deviation of deviation and a smaller coefficient of variation of deviation across most sea areas.These results indicate that the OUC-SIC data exhibit better temporal and spatial stability,whereas the FY-SIC data show stronger relative dimensionless stability.Among the four correction models,all showed improvements over the original,unfused corrected data.The fusion corrections using the OLS,RF,UNet,and TransUnet models reduced RMSE by 5.563%,14.601%,42.927%,and48.316%,respectively.Correspondingly,R increased by 0.463%,1.176%,3.951%,and 4.342%,respectively.Among these models,TransUnet performed the best,effectively integrating the advantages of FY-SIC and OUC-SIC data and notably improving the overall accuracy and spatiotemporal stability of SIC data.
文摘Accurate precipitation estimation in semiarid,topographically complicated areas is critical for water resource management and climate risk monitoring.This work provides a detailed,multi-scale evaluation of four major satellite precipitation products(CHIRPS,PERSIANN-CDR,IMERG-F v07,and GSMaP)over Isfahan province,Iran,over a 9-year period(2015-2023).The performance of these products was benchmarked against a dense network of 98 rain gauges using a suite of continuous and categorical statistical metrics,following a two-stage quality control protocol to remove outliers and false alarms.The results revealed that the performance of all products improves with temporal aggregation.At the daily level,GSMaP performed marginally better,although all products were linked with considerable uncertainty.At the monthly and annual levels,the GPM-era products(IMERG and GSMaP)clearly beat the other two,establishing themselves as dependable tools for long-term hydro-climatological studies.Error analysis revealed that topography is the dominant regulating factor,creating a systematic elevationdependent bias,largely characterized by underestimation from most products in high-elevation areas,though the PERSIANN-CDR product exhibited a contrasting overestimation tendency.Finally,the findings highlight the importance of implementing local,elevation-dependent calibration before deploying these products in hydrological modeling.
基金supported by the Meteorological Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U2142211)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42075141,42341202 and 62088101)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0608000)the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2021SHZDZX0100).
文摘Accurate forecasting of tropical cyclone(TC)tracks and intensities is essential.Although the TianXing large weather model,a six-hourly forecasting model surpassing operational forecasts,exhibits superior performance,its TC forecasts still require enhancement.Prediction errors persist due to biases in the training data and smoothing effects in data-driven methods.To address this,we introduce CycloneBCNet,a deep-learning model designed to correct TianXing’s TC forecast biases by leveraging spatial and temporal data.CycloneBCNet utilizes the SimVP(simpler yet better video prediction)framework with spatial attention to highlight cyclone core regions in forecast fields.It also incorporates TC trend information(center position,maximum wind speed,and minimum sea level pressure)via an LSTM(long short-term memory)module.These TC vectors are derived from post-processed TianXing forecasts.By fusing features from forecast fields and TC vectors,CycloneBCNet corrects biases across multiple lead times.At a 96-h lead time,the track error reduces from 162.4 to 86.4 km,the wind speed error from 17.2 to 6.69 m s^(-1),and the pressure error from 22.2 to 9.36 hPa.Interpretability analysis shows that CycloneBCNet adjusts its attention across forecast lead times.Intensity corrections prioritize inner-core dynamics,particularly the eye and eyewall,while track corrections shift from lower-level variables and the cyclone’s core to broader environmental factors and mid-to upper-level features as the forecast duration increases.These findings demonstrate that CycloneBCNet effectively captures key TC dynamics consistent with meteorological principles,including the dominance of near-surface conditions for intensity and the increasing influence of steering currents on track prediction.
文摘Considering the drastic variations in the surface elevation of the piedmont region in the Bai Cheng West Area,there is no reference point within the Reference Ground Line(RG line)of the starting point of the synthetic seismic records in the process of calibration of the horizon.Through the analysis of the process and properties of the production of the RG line,in the processing of seismic data,it is indicated that the position of the synthetic data of seismic records is not located at the beginning of the RG line.Rather,it must be at the time point of the seismic profile at the elevation of a datum position of the static value of less than the datum plane.Both the RG line and the elevation static correction value line can easily be seen by computerizing the calculated value of the elevation static correction of the datum plane relating to the seismic section and plotting it on the seismic section.To achieve a good calibration with the synthetic seismogram,it is possible to set the starting point of the synthetic seismogram on the elevation static correction value line that is situated at the place of the Common Mid-Point(CMP).In the current paper,a systematic overview of methods and safety procedures for establishing the seismic interpretation work area and horizon calibration in seismic interpretation has been reviewed,which will form an effective guide towards seismic interpretation under the complicated surface conditions in the Bai Cheng west region.
